CONTENTS

PAGE
The Study of Consciousness and the Study of Behavior 1
Animal Intelligence 20
Introduction 20
Description of Apparatus 29
Experiments with Cats 35
Experiments with Dogs 56
Experiments with Chicks 61
Reasoning or Inference 67
Imitation 76
In Chicks 81
In Cats 85
In Dogs 92
The Mental Fact in Association 98
Association by Similarity and the Formation of Concepts 116
Criticism of Previous Theories 125
Delicacy of Association 128
Complexity of Associations 132
Number of Associations 135
Permanence of Associations 138
Inhibition of Instincts by Habit 142
Attention 144
The Social Consciousness of Animals 146
Interaction 147
Applications to Pedagogy, Anthropology, etc. 149
Conclusion 153
The Instinctive Reactions of Young Chicks 156
A Note on the Psychology of Fishes 169
The Mental Life of the Monkeys 172
Introduction 173
Apparatus 177
Learning without Tuition 182
Tests with Mechanisms 184
Tests with Signals 195
Experiments on the Influence of Tuition 209
Introduction 209
Imitation of Human Beings 211
Imitation of Other Monkeys 219
Learning apart from Motor Impulses 222
General Mental Development of the Monkeys 236
Laws and Hypotheses of Behavior 241
The Evolution of the Human Intellect 282