ILLUSTRATIONS

FIG.   PAGE
1 The Gas Engine Cycle 15
2 1-cylinder power diagram 21
3 2-cylinder power diagram 22
4 2-cylinder power diagram, 180 shaft 24
5 H. D. O. power diagram 26
6 4-cylinder power diagram 27
7 2-cylinder crank shaft 31
8 4-cylinder crank shaft 32
9 Half of a plain bearing 32
10 Connecting rod bearings 33
11 Piston complete and in section 34
12 Wrist pin fastenings 36
13 Valve 38
14 Action of cam 39
15 “Twin City” tractor engine 41
16 “Hart-Parr” valve mechanism 43
17 “Hart-Parr” engine 45
18 “Oil-Pull” engine 47
19 Horizontal double opposed engine 49
20 “Monarch” engine 51
21 Principle of carburetor 59
22 Principle of extra air inlet 64
23 “Kingston” carburetor, model L 72
24 “Kingston” carburetor, model E 75
25 “Kingston” carburetor, dual model 77
26 “E-B” carburetor 79
27 “E-B” carburetor, side view 81
28 Pump-fed carburetor 82
29 “Titan” carburetor 84
30 Pump-fed carburetor with two fuel nozzles 85
31 “Hart-Parr” mixture heater 87
32 “Twin City” manifold 88
33 Fuel pump 90
34 “Avery” fuel connections 92
35 “Oil-Pull” fuel system 93
36 Air washer 95
37 Air strainer 96
38 “E-B” governor 97
39 “Case” governor 98
40 “Hart-Parr” governor 99
41 Vertical governor 101
42 Armature 107
43 Flow of magnetism through armature core 108
44 One complete revolution of the armature 111
45 Connections of Bosch magneto 112
46 “K-W” inductor 115
47 “K-W” inductor in three positions 117
48 “Dixie” inductor 118
49 Three positions of “Dixie” inductor 120
50 “Bosch” circuit breaker 121
51 “K-W” circuit breaker 122
52 “Bosch” magneto in section 126
53 “K-W” magneto in section 129
54 Magnetism in a copper wire 132
55 Magnetism from electricity 133
56 Principle of spark coil 134
57 “Atwater-Kent” ignition system 136
58 Vibrator coil ignition system 139
59 Spark plug 141
60 Internal clutch 144
61 Plate clutch 147
62 Principle of sliding gear 155
63 Principle of jaw clutch change speed gear 157
64 “I. H. C.” chain drive, showing differential   162
65 “Case” rear axle 163
66 “Oil-Pull” rear axle 164
67 Driving worm 165
68 Tractor arrangement 168
69 Tractor arrangement 169
70 “Gray” tractor 171
71 Types of front axles 172
72 Spring support 173
73 “Mogul” oiling diagram 180
74 “Illinois” oiling diagram 183
75 End of “Twin City” connecting rod 185
76 Wrist pin lubrication 186
77 Force feed oiling system of “Gray” engine 187
78 Oil pump 188
79 “E-B” oil pump 189
80 Oil pump with hollow plunger 190
81 Methods of preventing oil leaks 191
82 “Titan” lubricator 192
83 “I. H. C.” method of oiling crank pins 193
84 “Hart-Parr” oiling system 194
85 Oil cup 195
86 Proper use of a grease cup 196
87 “Titan” 10-20 oiling diagram 198
88 “International” oiling diagram 199
89 Grinding valve in engine with fixed head 231
90 Grinding valve in detachable head 233
91 Grinding valve in detachable seat 234
92 Valve seat cutter 235
93 “Holt” valve arrangement 236
94 Valve timing, using marks on flywheel 238
95 Valve timing 239