Transcriber’s Notes:

• A small number of obvious typos have been corrected. Except for these corrections, the spelling and punctuation of the book have not been changed.
• The 291 footnotes in the source book have been changed into endnotes.
• If your device supports it, then tapping or clicking on any of the maps will open a larger version.
• Many of the 439 sidenotes consist of two dates, separated by a dash; the first date is taken from the Julian Calendar and the second from the Gregorian Calendar. The dates in such a pair differ by 10 days in the 17th century and by 11 days in the 18th century.