Re*cid`i*va"tion (-v"shn), n. [LL. recidivatio.] A falling back; a backsliding. Hammond.
Re*cid"i*vous (r*sd"*vs), a. [L. recidivus, fr. recidere to fall back.] Tending or liable to backslide or relapse to a former condition or habit.
Rec"i*pe (rs"*p), n.; pl. Recipes (- pz). [L., imperative of recipere to take back, take in, receive. See Receive.] A formulary or prescription for making some combination, mixture, or preparation of materials; a receipt; especially, a prescription for medicine.
Re*cip"i*an`gle (r*sp"*`g'l), n. [L. recipere to take + angulus angle.] An instrument with two arms that are pivoted together at one end, and a graduated arc, -- used by military engineers for measuring and laying off angles of fortifications.
{ Re*cip"i*ence (r*sp"*ens), Re*cip"i*en*cy (-en*s), } n. The quality or state of being recipient; a receiving; reception; receptiveness.
Re*cip"i*ent (-ent), n. [L. recipiens, -entis, receiving, p. pr. of recipere to receive: cf. F. récipient. See Receive.] A receiver; the person or thing that receives; one to whom, or that to which, anything is given or communicated; specifically, the receiver of a still.
Re*cip"i*ent, a. Receiving; receptive.
Re*cip"ro*cal (-r*kal), a. [L. reciprocus; of unknown origin.] 1. Recurring in vicissitude; alternate.
2. Done by each to the other; interchanging or interchanged; given and received; due from each to each; mutual; as, reciprocal love; reciprocal duties.
Let our reciprocal vows be remembered.
Shak.
3. Mutually interchangeable.
These two rules will render a definition reciprocal with the thing defined.
I. Watts.
4. (Gram.) Reflexive; -- applied to pronouns and verbs, but sometimes limited to such pronouns as express mutual action.
5. (Math.) Used to denote different kinds of mutual relation; often with reference to the substitution of reciprocals for given quantities. See the Phrases below.
Reciprocal equation (Math.), one which remains unchanged in form when the reciprocal of the unknown quantity is substituted for that quantity. -- Reciprocal figures (Geom.), two figures of the same kind (as triangles, parallelograms, prisms, etc.), so related that two sides of the one form the extremes of a proportion of which the means are the two corresponding sides of the other; in general, two figures so related that the first corresponds in some special way to the second, and the second corresponds in the same way to the first. -- Reciprocal proportion (Math.), a proportion such that, of four terms taken in order, the first has to the second the same ratio which the fourth has to the third, or the first has to the second the same ratio which the reciprocal of the third has to the reciprocal of the fourth. Thus, 2:5: :20:8 form a reciprocal proportion, because 2:5: :1/20:1/8. -- Reciprocal quantities (Math.), any two quantities which produce unity when multiplied together. -- Reciprocal ratio (Math.), the ratio between the reciprocals of two quantities; as, the reciprocal ratio of 4 to 9 is that of ¼ to . -- Reciprocal terms (Logic), those terms which have the same signification, and, consequently, are convertible, and may be used for each other.
Syn. -- Mutual; alternate. -- Reciprocal, Mutual. The distinctive idea of mutual is, that the parties unite by interchange in the same act; as, a mutual covenant; mutual affection, etc. The distinctive idea of reciprocal is, that one party acts by way of return or response to something previously done by the other party; as, a reciprocal kindness; reciprocal reproaches, etc. Love is reciprocal when the previous affection of one party has drawn forth the attachment of the other. To make it mutual in the strictest sense, the two parties should have fallen in love at the same time; but as the result is the same, the two words are here used interchangeably. The ebbing and flowing of the tide is a case where the action is reciprocal, but not mutual.
Re*cip"ro*cal, n. 1. That which is reciprocal to another thing.
Corruption is a reciprocal to generation.
Bacon.
2. (Arith. & Alg.) The quotient arising from dividing unity by any quantity; thus, ¼ is the reciprocal of 4; 1/(a +b) is the reciprocal of a + b. The reciprocal of a fraction is the fraction inverted, or the denominator divided by the numerator.
Re*cip`ro*cal"i*ty (-kl"*t), n. The quality or condition of being reciprocal; reciprocalness. [R.]
Re*cip"ro*cal*ly (r*sp"r*kal*l), adv. 1. In a reciprocal manner; so that each affects the other, and is equally affected by it; interchangeably; mutually.
These two particles do reciprocally affect each other with the same force.
Bentley.
2. (Math.) In the manner of reciprocals.
Reciprocally proportional (Arith. & Alg.), proportional, as two variable quantities, so that the one shall have a constant ratio to the reciprocal of the other.
Re*cip"ro*cal*ness (r*sp"r*kal*ns), n. The quality or condition of being reciprocal; mutual return; alternateness.
Re*cip"ro*cate (-kt), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Reciprocated (- k`td); p. pr. & vb. n. Reciprocating.] [L. reciprocatus, p. p. of reciprocare. See Reciprocal.] To move forward and backward alternately; to recur in vicissitude; to act interchangeably; to alternate.
One brawny smith the puffing bellows plies,
And draws and blows reciprocating air.
Dryden.
Reciprocating engine, a steam, air, or gas engine, etc., in which the piston moves back and forth; -- in distinction from a rotary engine, in which the piston travels continuously in one direction in a circular path. -- Reciprocating motion (Mech.), motion alternately backward and forward, or up and down, as of a piston rod.
Re*cip"ro*cate, v. t. To give and return mutually; to make return for; to give in return; to interchange; to alternate; as, to reciprocate favors. Cowper.
Re*cip`ro*ca"tion (-k"shn), n. [L. reciprocatio: cf. F. réciprocation.] 1. The act of reciprocating; interchange of acts; a mutual giving and returning; as, the reciprocation of kindnesses.
2. Alternate recurrence or action; as, the reciprocation of the sea in the flow and ebb of tides. Sir T. Browne.
Rec`i*proc"i*ty (rs`*prs"*t), n. [Cf. F. réciprocité. See Reciprocal.] 1. Mutual action and reaction.
2. Reciprocal advantages, obligations, or rights; reciprocation.
Reciprocity treaty, or Treaty of reciprocity, a treaty concluded between two countries, conferring equal privileges as regards customs or charges on imports, or in other respects.
Syn. -- Reciprocation; interchange; mutuality.
Re*cip`ro*cor"nous (r*sp`r*kôr"ns), a. [L. reciprocus returning, reciprocal + cornu horn.] (Zoöl.) Having horns turning backward and then forward, like those of a ram. [R.] Ash.
Re*cip"ro*cous (r*sp"r*ks), a. Reciprocal. [Obs.]
Rec"i*prok (rs"*prk), a. [F. réciproque, L. reciprocus.] Reciprocal. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Rec"i*proque (rs"*prk), a. & n. [F. réciproque.] Reciprocal. Bacon.
Re*ci"sion (r*szh"n), n. [L. recisio, fr. recidere, recisum, to cut off; pref. re- re- + caedere to cut.] The act of cutting off. Sherwood.
Re*cit"al (r*st"al), n. [From Recite.] 1. The act of reciting; the repetition of the words of another, or of a document; rehearsal; as, the recital of testimony.
2. A telling in detail and due order of the particulars of anything, as of a law, an adventure, or a series of events; narration. Addison.
3. That which is recited; a story; a narration.
4. (Mus.) A vocal or instrumental performance by one person; -- distinguished from concert; as, a song recital; an organ, piano, or violin recital.
5. (Law) The formal statement, or setting forth, of some matter of fact in any deed or writing in order to explain the reasons on which the transaction is founded; the statement of matter in pleading introductory to some positive allegation. Burn.
Syn. -- Account; rehearsal; recitation; narration; description; explanation; enumeration; detail; narrative. See Account.
Rec`i*ta"tion (rs`*t"shn), n. [L. recitatio: cf. F. récitation. See Recite.] 1. The act of reciting; rehearsal; repetition of words or sentences. Hammond.
2. The delivery before an audience of something committed to memory, especially as an elocutionary exhibition; also, that which is so delivered.
3. (Colleges and Schools) The rehearsal of a lesson by pupils before their instructor.
Rec`i*ta*tive" (rs`*t*tv"), n. [It. recitativo, or F. récitatif. See Recite.] (Mus.) A species of musical recitation in which the words are delivered in a manner resembling that of ordinary declamation; also, a piece of music intended for such recitation; -- opposed to melisma.
Rec`i*ta*tive", a. Of or pertaining to recitation; intended for musical recitation or declamation; in the style or manner of recitative. -- Rec`i*ta*tive"ly, adv.
||Rec`i*ta*ti"vo (-t"v), n. [It.] (Mus.) Recitative.
Re*cite" (r*st"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recited; p. pr. & vb. n. Reciting.] [F. réciter, fr. L. recitare, recitatum; pref. re- re- + citare to call or name, to cite. See Cite.] 1. To repeat, as something already prepared, written down, committed to memory, or the like; to deliver from a written or printed document, or from recollection; to rehearse; as, to recite the words of an author, or of a deed or covenant.
2. To tell over; to go over in particulars; to relate; to narrate; as, to recite past events; to recite the particulars of a voyage.
3. To rehearse, as a lesson to an instructor.
4. (Law) To state in or as a recital. See Recital, 5.
Syn. -- To rehearse; narrate; relate; recount; describe; recapitulate; detail; number; count.
Re*cite", v. i. To repeat, pronounce, or rehearse, as before an audience, something prepared or committed to memory; to rehearse a lesson learned.
Re*cite", n. A recital. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple.
Re*cit"er (-st"r), n. One who recites; also, a book of extracts for recitation.
Reck (rk), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recked (rkt) (obs. imp. Roughte); p. pr. & vb. n. Recking.] [AS. reccan, rcan, to care for; akin to OS. rkian, OHG. ruochan, G. geruhen, Icel. rækja, also to E. reckon, rake an implement. See Rake, and cf. Reckon.] 1. To make account of; to care for; to heed; to regard. [Archaic]
This son of mine not recking danger.
Sir P. Sidney.
And may you better reck the rede
Than ever did the adviser.
Burns.
2. To concern; -- used impersonally. [Poetic]
What recks it them?
Milton.
<! p. 1199 pr=vmg !>
Reck (rk), v. i. To make account; to take heed; to care; to mind; -- often followed by of. [Archaic]
Then reck I not, when I have lost my life.
Chaucer.
I reck not though I end my life to- day.
Shak.
Of me she recks not, nor my vain desire.
M. Arnold.
Reck"less, a. [AS. recceleás, rceleás.] 1. Inattentive to duty; careless; neglectful; indifferent. Chaucer.
2. Rashly negligent; utterly careless or heedless.
It made the king as reckless as them diligent.
Sir P. Sidney.
Syn. -- Heedless; careless; mindless; thoughtless; negligent; indifferent; regardless; unconcerned; inattentive; remiss; rash.
-- Reck"less*ly, adv. -- Reck"less*ness, n.
Reck"ling (-lng), a. Needing care; weak; feeble; as, a reckling child. H. Taylor. -- n. A weak child or animal. Tennyson.
Reck"on (rk"'n), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reckoned (-'nd); p. pr. & vb. n. Reckoning.] [OE. rekenen, AS. gerecenian to explain; akin to D. rekenen to reckon, G. rechnen, OHG. rehhann (cf. Goth. rahnjan), and to E. reck, rake an implement; the original sense probably being, to bring together, count together. See Reck, v. t.]
1. To count; to enumerate; to number; also, to compute; to calculate.
The priest shall reckon to him the money according to the years that remain.
Lev. xxvii. 18.
I reckoned above two hundred and fifty on the outside of the church.
Addison.
2. To count as in a number, rank, or series; to estimate by rank or quality; to place by estimation; to account; to esteem; to repute.
He was reckoned among the transgressors.
Luke xxii. 37.
For him I reckon not in high estate.
Milton.
3. To charge, attribute, or adjudge to one, as having a certain quality or value.
Faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness.
Rom. iv. 9.
Without her eccentricities being reckoned to her for a crime.
Hawthorne.
4. To conclude, as by an enumeration and balancing of chances; hence, to think; to suppose; -- followed by an objective clause; as, I reckon he won't try that again. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.]
Syn. -- To number; enumerate; compute; calculate; estimate; value; esteem; account; repute. See Calculate, Guess.
Reck"on, v. i. 1. To make an enumeration or computation; to engage in numbering or computing. Shak.
2. To come to an accounting; to make up accounts; to settle; to examine and strike the balance of debt and credit; to adjust relations of desert or penalty.
"Parfay," sayst thou, "sometime he reckon shall."
Chaucer.
To reckon for, to answer for; to pay the account for. "If they fail in their bounden duty, they shall reckon for it one day." Bp. Sanderson. -- To reckon on or upon, to count or depend on. -- To reckon with, to settle accounts or claims with; -- used literally or figuratively.
After a long time the lord of those servants cometh, and reckoneth with them.
Matt. xxv. 19.
-- To reckon without one's host, to ignore in a calculation or arrangement the person whose assent is essential; hence, to reckon erroneously.
Reck"on*er (-r), n. One who reckons or computes; also, a book of calculations, tables, etc., to assist in reckoning.
Reckoners without their host must reckon twice.
Camden.
Reck"on*ing, n. 1. The act of one who reckons, counts, or computes; the result of reckoning or counting; calculation. Specifically: (a) An account of time. Sandys. (b) Adjustment of claims and accounts; settlement of obligations, liabilities, etc.
Even reckoning makes lasting friends, and the way to make reckonings even is to make them often.
South.
He quitted London, never to return till the day of a terrible and memorable reckoning had arrived.
Macaulay.
2. The charge or account made by a host at an inn.
A coin would have a nobler use than to pay a reckoning.
Addison.
3. Esteem; account; estimation.
You make no further reckoning of it [beauty] than of an outward fading benefit nature bestowed.
Sir P. Sidney.
4. (Navigation) (a) The calculation of a ship's position, either from astronomical observations, or from the record of the courses steered and distances sailed as shown by compass and log, -- in the latter case called dead reckoning (see under Dead); -- also used for dead reckoning in contradistinction to observation. (b) The position of a ship as determined by calculation.
To be out of her reckoning, to be at a distance from the place indicated by the reckoning; -- said of a ship.
Re*claim" (r*klm"), v. t. To claim back; to demand the return of as a right; to attempt to recover possession of.
A tract of land [Holland] snatched from an element perpetually reclaiming its prior occupancy.
W. Coxe.
Re*claim" (r*klm"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reclaimed (-klmd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Reclaiming.] [F. réclamer, L. reclamare, reclamatum, to cry out against; pref. re- re- + clamare to call or cry aloud. See Claim.] 1. To call back, as a hawk to the wrist in falconry, by a certain customary call. Chaucer.
2. To call back from flight or disorderly action; to call to, for the purpose of subduing or quieting.
The headstrong horses hurried Octavius . . . along, and were deaf to his reclaiming them.
Dryden.
3. To reduce from a wild to a tamed state; to bring under discipline; -- said especially of birds trained for the chase, but also of other animals. "An eagle well reclaimed." Dryden.
4. Hence: To reduce to a desired state by discipline, labor, cultivation, or the like; to rescue from being wild, desert, waste, submerged, or the like; as, to reclaim wild land, overflowed land, etc.
5. To call back to rectitude from moral wandering or transgression; to draw back to correct deportment or course of life; to reform.
It is the intention of Providence, in all the various expressions of his goodness, to reclaim mankind.
Rogers.
6. To correct; to reform; -- said of things. [Obs.]
Your error, in time reclaimed, will be venial.
Sir E. Hoby.
7. To exclaim against; to gainsay. [Obs.] Fuller.
Syn. -- To reform; recover; restore; amend; correct.
Re*claim" (r*klm"), v. i. 1. To cry out in opposition or contradiction; to exclaim against anything; to contradict; to take exceptions.
Scripture reclaims, and the whole Catholic church reclaims, and Christian ears would not hear it.
Waterland.
At a later period Grote reclaimed strongly against Mill's setting Whately above Hamilton.
Bain.
2. To bring anyone back from evil courses; to reform.
They, hardened more by what might most reclaim,
Grieving to see his glory, . . . took envy.
Milton.
3. To draw back; to give way. [R. & Obs.] Spenser.
Re*claim", n. The act of reclaiming, or the state of being reclaimed; reclamation; recovery. [Obs.]
Re*claim"a*ble (-*b'l), a. That may be reclaimed.
Re*claim"ant (-ant), n. [Cf. F. réclamant, p. pr.] One who reclaims; one who cries out against or contradicts. Waterland.
Re*claim"er (-r), n. One who reclaims.
Re*claim"less, a. That can not be reclaimed.
Rec`la*ma"tion (rk`l*m"shn), n. [F. réclamation, L. reclamatio. See Reclaim.] 1. The act or process of reclaiming.
2. Representation made in opposition; remonstrance.
I would now, on the reclamation both of generosity and of justice, try clemency.
Landor.
Re*clasp" (r*klsp"), v. i. To clasp or unite again.
Re*clin"ant (r*kln"ant), a. [L. reclinans, p. pr. See Recline.] Bending or leaning backward.
Rec"li*nate (rk"l*nt), a. [L. reclinatus, p. p.] (Bot.) Reclined, as a leaf; bent downward, so that the point, as of a stem or leaf, is lower than the base.
Rec`li*na"tion (rk`l*n"shn), n. [Cf. F. réclinaison.] 1. The act of leaning or reclining, or the state of being reclined.
2. (Dialing) The angle which the plane of the dial makes with a vertical plane which it intersects in a horizontal line. Brande & C.
3. (Surg.) The act or process of removing a cataract, by applying the needle to its anterior surface, and depressing it into the vitreous humor in such a way that the front surface of the cataract becomes the upper one and its back surface the lower one. Dunglison.
Re*cline" (r*kln"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reclined (-klnd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Reclining.] [L. reclinare; pref. re- re- + clinare to lean, incline. See Incline, Lean to incline.] To cause or permit to lean, incline, rest, etc.; to place in a recumbent position; as, to recline the head on the hand.
The mother
Reclined her dying head upon his breast.
Dryden.
Re*cline", v. i. 1. To lean or incline; as, to recline against a wall.
2. To assume, or to be in, a recumbent position; as, to recline on a couch.
Re*cline", a. [L. reclinis. See Recline, v. t.] Having a reclining posture; leaning; reclining. [R.]
They sat, recline
On the soft downy bank, damasked with flowers.
Milton.
Re*clined" (r*klnd"), a. (Bot.) Falling or turned downward; reclinate.
Re*clin"er (r*kln"r), n. One who, or that which, reclines.
Re*clin"ing, a. (Bot.) (a) Bending or curving gradually back from the perpendicular. (b) Recumbent.
Reclining dial, a dial whose plane is inclined to the vertical line through its center. Davies & Peck (Math. Dict.).
Re*close" (r*klz"), v. t. To close again. Pope.
Re*clothe" (r*klth"), v. t. To clothe again.
Re*clude" (r*kld"), v. t. [L. recludere to unclose, open; pref. re- again, back, un- + claudere to shut.] To open; to unclose. [R.] Harvey.
Re*cluse" (r*kls"), a. [F. reclus, L. reclusus, from recludere, reclusum, to unclose, open, in LL., to shut up. See Close.] Shut up; sequestered; retired from the world or from public notice; solitary; living apart; as, a recluse monk or hermit; a recluse life.
In meditation deep, recluse
From human converse.
J. Philips.
Re*cluse", n. [F. reclus, LL. reclusus. See Recluse, a.] 1. A person who lives in seclusion from intercourse with the world, as a hermit or monk; specifically, one of a class of secluded devotees who live in single cells, usually attached to monasteries.
2. The place where a recluse dwells. [Obs.] Foxe.
Re*cluse", v. t. To shut up; to seclude. [Obs.]
Re*cluse"ly, adv. In a recluse or solitary manner.
Re*cluse"ness, n. Quality or state of being recluse.
Re*clu"sion (-kl"zhn), n. [LL. reclusio: cf. F. reclusion.] A state of retirement from the world; seclusion.
Re*clu"sive (-sv), a. Affording retirement from society. "Some reclusive and religious life." Shak.
Re*clu"so*ry (-s*r), n. [LL. reclusorium.] The habitation of a recluse; a hermitage.
Re*coct" (r*kkt"), v. t. [L. recoctus, p. p. of recoquere to cook or boil over again. See Re-, and 4th Cook.] To boil or cook again; hence, to make over; to vamp up; to reconstruct. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Re*coc"tion (r*kk"shn), n. A second coction or preparation; a vamping up.
Rec`og*ni"tion (rk`g*nsh"n), n. [L. recognitio: cf. F. recognition. See Recognizance.] The act of recognizing, or the state of being recognized; acknowledgment; formal avowal; knowledge confessed or avowed; notice.
The lives of such saints had, at the time of their yearly memorials, solemn recognition in the church of God.
Hooker.
Re*cog"ni*tor (r*kg"n*tr), n. [LL.] (Law) One of a jury impaneled on an assize. Blackstone.
Re*cog"ni*to*ry (-t*r), a. Pertaining to, or connected with, recognition. Lamb.
Rec`og*ni`za*bil"i*ty (rk`g*n`z*bl"*t), n. The quality or condition of being recognizable.
Rec"og*ni`za*ble (rk"g*n`z*b'l or r*kg"n-; 277), a. Capable of being recognized. [Written also recognisable.] -- Rec"og*ni`za*bly, adv.
Re*cog"ni*zance (r*kg"n*zans or r*kn"-), n. [F. reconnaissance, OF. recognoissance, fr. recognoissant, p. pr. of recognoistre to recognize, F. reconnaître, fr. L. recognoscere; pref. re- re- + cognoscere to know. See Cognizance, Know, and cf. Recognize, Reconnoissance.] [Written also recognisance.] 1. (Law) (a) An obligation of record entered into before some court of record or magistrate duly authorized, with condition to do some particular act, as to appear at the same or some other court, to keep the peace, or pay a debt. A recognizance differs from a bond, being witnessed by the record only, and not by the party's seal. (b) The verdict of a jury impaneled upon assize. Cowell.
Among lawyers the g in this and the related words (except recognize) is usually silent.
2. A token; a symbol; a pledge; a badge.
That recognizance and pledge of love
Which I first gave her.
Shak.
3. Acknowledgment of a person or thing; avowal; profession; recognition.
Re*cog`ni*za"tion (-z"shn), n. Recognition. [R.]
Rec"og*nize (rk"g*nz), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recognized (- nzd); p. pr. & vb. n. Recognizing (- n`zng).] [From Recognizance; see Cognition, and cf. Reconnoiter.] [Written also recognise.] 1. To know again; to perceive the identity of, with a person or thing previously known; to recover or recall knowledge of.
Speak, vassal; recognize thy sovereign queen.
Harte.
2. To avow knowledge of; to allow that one knows; to consent to admit, hold, or the like; to admit with a formal acknowledgment; as, to recognize an obligation; to recognize a consul.
3. To acknowledge acquaintance with, as by salutation, bowing, or the like.
4. To show appreciation of; as, to recognize services by a testimonial.
5. To review; to reëxamine. [Obs.] South.
6. To reconnoiter. [Obs.] R. Monro.
Syn. -- To acknowledge; avow; confess; own; allow; concede. See Acknowledge.
Rec"og*nize, v. i. (Law) To enter an obligation of record before a proper tribunal; as, A B recognized in the sum of twenty dollars. [Written also recognise.]
In legal usage in the United States the second syllable is often accented.
Re*cog`ni*zee" (r*kg`n*z" or r*kn`*z"), n. (Law) The person in whose favor a recognizance is made. [Written also recognisee.] Blackstone.
Rec"og*ni`zer (rk"g*n`zr), n. One who recognizes; a recognizor. [Written also recogniser.]
Re*cog`ni*zor" (r*kg`n*zôr" or r*kn`*zôr"), n. (Law) One who enters into a recognizance. [Written also recognisor.] Blackstone.
Rec"og*nosce (rk"g*ns), v. t. [L. recognoscere. See Recognizance.] To recognize. [R. & Obs.] Boyle.
Re*coil" (r*koil"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Recoiled (-koild"); p. pr. & vb. n. Recoiling.] [OE. recoilen, F. reculer, fr. L. pref. re- re- + culus the fundament. The English word was perhaps influenced in form by accoil.]
1. To start, roll, bound, spring, or fall back; to take a reverse motion; to be driven or forced backward; to return.
Evil on itself shall back recoil.
Milton.
The solemnity of her demeanor made it impossible . . . that we should recoil into our ordinary spirits.
De Quincey.
2. To draw back, as from anything repugnant, distressing, alarming, or the like; to shrink. Shak.
3. To turn or go back; to withdraw one's self; to retire. [Obs.] "To your bowers recoil." Spenser.
Re*coil", v. t. To draw or go back. [Obs.] Spenser.
Re*coil", n. 1. A starting or falling back; a rebound; a shrinking; as, the recoil of nature, or of the blood.
2. The state or condition of having recoiled.
The recoil from formalism is skepticism.
F. W. Robertson.
3. Specifically, the reaction or rebounding of a firearm when discharged.
Recoil dynamometer (Gunnery), an instrument for measuring the force of the recoil of a firearm. -- Recoil escapement. See the Note under Escapement.
Re*coil"er (-r), n. One who, or that which, recoils.
Re*coil"ing*ly, adv. In the manner of a recoil.
Re*coil"ment, n. [Cf. F. reculement.] Recoil. [R.]
Re*coin" (r*koin"), v. t. To coin anew or again.
Re*coin"age (-j), n. 1. The act of coining anew.
2. That which is coined anew.
Re`-col*lect" (r`kl*lkt"), v. t. [Pref. re- + collect.] To collect again; to gather what has been scattered; as, to re- collect routed troops.
God will one day raise the dead, re-collecting our scattered dust.
Barrow.
Rec`ol*lect" (rk`l*lkt"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recollected; p. pr. & vb. n. Recollecting.] [Pref. re- + collect: cf. L. recolligere, recollectum, to collect. Cf. Recollet.] 1. To recover or recall the knowledge of; to bring back to the mind or memory; to remember.
2. Reflexively, to compose one's self; to recover self-command; as, to recollect one's self after a burst of anger; -- sometimes, formerly, in the perfect participle.
The Tyrian queen . . .
Admired his fortunes, more admired the man;
Then recollected stood.
Dryden.
Rec"ol*lect (rk"l*lkt), n. [See Recollet.] (Eccl.) A friar of the Strict Observance, -- an order of Franciscans. [Written also Recollet.] Addis & Arnold.
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Rec`ol*lec"tion (r?k`?l*l?k"sh?n), n. [Cf. F. récollection.] 1. The act of recollecting, or recalling to the memory; the operation by which objects are recalled to the memory, or ideas revived in the mind; reminiscence; remembrance.
2. The power of recalling ideas to the mind, or the period within which things can be recollected; remembrance; memory; as, an event within my recollection.
3. That which is recollected; something called to mind; reminiscence. "One of his earliest recollections." Macaulay.
4. The act or practice of collecting or concentrating the mind; concentration; self-control. [Archaic]
From such an education Charles contracted habits of gravity and recollection.
Robertson.
Syn. -- Reminiscence; remembrance. See Memory.
Rec`ol*lect"ive (-l?k"t?v), a. Having the power of recollecting. J. Foster.
Rec"ol*let (r?k"?l*l?t; F. r?`k?`l?"), n. [F. récollet, fr. L. recollectus, p. p. of recolligere to gather again, to gather up; NL., to collect one's self, esp. for religious contemplation.] (Eccl.) Same as Recollect, n.
Re*col`o*ni*za"tion (r?*k?l`?*n?*z?"sh?n), n. A second or renewed colonization.
Re*col"o*nize (r?*k?l"?*n?z), v. t. To colonize again.
Re*com`bi*na"tion (r?*k?m`b?*n?"sh?n), n. Combination a second or additional time.
Re`com*bine" (r?`k?m*b?n"), v. t. To combine again.
Re*com"fort (r?*k?m"f?rt), v. t. [Pref. re- + comfort: cf. F. réconforter.] To comfort again; to console anew; to give new strength to. Bacon.
Gan her recomfort from so sad affright.
Spenser.
Re*com"fort*less, a. Without comfort. [Obs.]
Re*com"for*ture (-f?r*t?r;135), n. The act of recomforting; restoration of comfort. [Obs.] Shak.
Re`com*mence" (r?`k?m*m?ns"), v. i. 1. To commence or begin again. Howell.
2. To begin anew to be; to act again as. [Archaic.]
He seems desirous enough of recommencing courtier.
Johnson.
Re`com*mence", v. t. [Pref. re- + commence: cf. F. recommencer.] To commence again or anew.
Re`com*mence"ment (-ment), n. A commencement made anew.
Rec`om*mend" (r?k`?m*m?nd"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recommended; p. pr. & vb. n. Recommending.] [Pref. re- + commend: cf. F. recommander.] 1. To commend to the favorable notice of another; to commit to another's care, confidence, or acceptance, with favoring representations; to put in a favorable light before any one; to bestow commendation on; as, he recommended resting the mind and exercising the body.
Mæcenas recommended Virgil and Horace to Augustus, whose praises . . . have made him precious to posterity.
Dryden.
2. To make acceptable; to attract favor to.
A decent boldness ever meets with friends,
Succeeds, and e'en a stranger recommends.
Pope.
3. To commit; to give in charge; to commend.
Paul chose Silas and departed, being recommended by the brethren unto the grace of God.
Acts xv. 40.
Rec`om*mend"a*ble (-?*b'l), a. [Cf. F. recommandable.] Suitable to be recommended; worthy of praise; commendable. Glanvill. -- Rec`om*mend"a*ble*ness, n. -- Rec`om*mend"a*bly, adv.
Rec`om*men*da"tion (r?k`?m*m?n*d?"sh?n), n. [Cf. F. recommandation.] 1. The act of recommending.
2. That which recommends, or commends to favor; anything procuring, or tending to procure, a favorable reception, or to secure acceptance and adoption; as, he brought excellent recommendations.
3. The state of being recommended; esteem. [R.]
The burying of the dead . . . hath always been had in an extraordinary recommendation amongst the ancient.
Sir T. North.
Rec`om*mend"a*tive (-m?nd"?*t?v), n. That which recommends; a recommendation. [Obs.]
Rec`om*mend"a*to*ry (-?*t?*r?), a. Serving to recommend; recommending; commendatory. Swift.
Rec`om*mend"er (-?r), n. One who recommends.
Re`com*mis"sion (r?`k?m*m?sh?n), v. t. To commission again; to give a new commission to.
Officers whose time of service had expired were to be recommissioned.
Marshall.
Re`com*mit" (-m?t"), v. t. To commit again; to give back into keeping; specifically, to refer again to a committee; as, to recommit a bill to the same committee.
{ Re`com*mit"ment (-ment), Re`com*mit"tal (-?l), } n. A second or renewed commitment; a renewed reference to a committee.
Re`com*pact" (-p?kt"), v. t. To compact or join anew. "Recompact my scattered body." Donne.
Re*com`pen*sa"tion (r?*k?m`p?n*s?"sh?n), n. [Cf. LL. recompensatio.] 1. Recompense. [Obs.]
2. (Scots Law) Used to denote a case where a set-off pleaded by the defendant is met by a set-off pleaded by the plaintiff.
Rec"om*pense (rk"m*pns), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recompensed (-p?nst); p. pr. & vb. n. Recompensing (-p?n`s?ng).] [F. récompenser, LL. recompensare, fr.L. pref. re- re- + compensare to compensate. See Compensate.] 1. To render an equivalent to, for service, loss, etc.; to requite; to remunerate; to compensate.
He can not recompense me better.
Shak.
2. To return an equivalent for; to give compensation for; to atone for; to pay for.
God recompenseth the gift.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
To recompense
My rash, but more unfortunate, misdeed.
Milton.
3. To give in return; to pay back; to pay, as something earned or deserved. [R.]
Recompense to no man evil for evil.
Rom. xii. 17.
Syn. -- To repay; requite; compensate; reward; remunerate.
Rec"om*pense (r?k"?m*p?ns), v. i. To give recompense; to make amends or requital. [Obs.]
Rec"om*pense, n. [Cf. F. récompense.] An equivalent returned for anything done, suffered, or given; compensation; requital; suitable return.
To me belongeth vengeance, and recompense.
Deut. xxii. 35.
And every transgression and disobedience received a just recompense of reward.
Heb. ii. 2.
Syn. -- Repayment; compensation; remuneration; amends; satisfaction; reward; requital.
Rec"om*pense`ment (-p?ns`m?nt), n. Recompense; requital. [Obs.] Fabyan.
Rec"om*pen`ser (-p?n`s?r), n. One who recompenses.
A thankful recompenser of the benefits received.
Foxe.
Rec"om*pen`sive (-s?v), a. Of the nature of recompense; serving to recompense. Sir T. Browne.
Re*com`pi*la"tion (r?*k?m`p?*l?"tion), n. A new compilation.
Re`com*pile" (r`km*pl"), v. t. To compile anew.
Re`com*pile"ment (-ment), n. The act of recompiling; new compilation or digest; as, a recompilement of the laws. Bacon.
Re`com*pose" (-p?z"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recomposed (-p?zd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Recomposing.] [Pref. re- + compose: cf. F. recomposer.] 1. To compose again; to form anew; to put together again or repeatedly.
The far greater number of the objects presented to our observation can only be decomposed, but not actually recomposed.
Sir W. Hamilton.
2. To restore to composure; to quiet anew; to tranquilize; as, to recompose the mind. Jer. Taylor.
Re`com*pos"er (-p?z"?r), n. One who recomposes.
Re*com`po*si"tion (r?*k?m`p?z?sh?n), n. [Cf. F. recomposition.] The act of recomposing.
Rec"on*ci`la*ble (r?k"?n*s?`l?*b'l), a. [Cf. F. réconciliable.] Capable of being reconciled; as, reconcilable adversaries; an act reconciable with previous acts.
The different accounts of the numbers of ships are reconcilable.
Arbuthnot.
-- Rec"on*ci`la*ble*ness, n. -- Rec"on*ci`la*bly, adv.
Rec"on*cile` (-s?l`), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reconciled (-s?ld`); p. pr. & vb. n. Reconciling.] [F. réconcilier, L. reconciliare; pref. re- re- + conciliare to bring together, to unite. See Conciliate.] 1. To cause to be friendly again; to conciliate anew; to restore to friendship; to bring back to harmony; to cause to be no longer at variance; as, to reconcile persons who have quarreled.
Propitious now and reconciled by prayer.
Dryden.
The church [if defiled] is interdicted till it be reconciled [i.e., restored to sanctity] by the bishop.
Chaucer.
We pray you . . . be ye reconciled to God.
2 Cor. v. 20.
2. To bring to acquiescence, content, or quiet submission; as, to reconcile one's self to affictions.
3. To make consistent or congruous; to bring to agreement or suitableness; -- followed by with or to.
The great men among the ancients understood how to reconcile manual labor with affairs of state.
Locke.
Some figures monstrous and misshaped appear,
Considered singly, or beheld too near;
Which, but proportioned to their light or place,
Due distance reconciles to form and grace.
Pope.
4. To adjust; to settle; as, to reconcile differences.
Syn. -- To reunite; conciliate; placate; propitiate; pacify; appease.
Rec"on*cile`, v. i. To become reconciled. [Obs.]
Rec"on*cile`ment (-ment), n. Reconciliation. Milton.
Rec"on*ci`ler (-s?`l?r), n. One who reconciles.
Rec`on*cil`i*a"tion (-s?l`?*?"sh?n), n. [F. réconciliation, L. reconciliatio.] 1. The act of reconciling, or the state of being reconciled; reconcilenment; restoration to harmony; renewal of friendship.
Reconciliation and friendship with God really form the basis of all rational and true enjoyment.
S. Miller.
2. Reduction to congruence or consistency; removal of inconsistency; harmony.
A clear and easy reconciliation of those seeming inconsistencies of Scripture.
D. Rogers.
Syn. -- Reconcilement; reunion; pacification; appeasement; propitiation; atonement; expiation.
Rec`on*cil"i*a*to*ry (-s?l"?*?*t?*r?), a. Serving or tending to reconcile. Bp. Hall.
Re*con`den*sa"tion (r?*k?n`d?n*s?"sh?n), n. The act or process of recondensing.
Re`con*dense" (r`kn*dns"), v. t. To condense again.
Rec"on*dite (r?k"?n*d?t or r?*k?n"d?t; 277), a. [L. reconditus, p. p. of recondere to put up again, to lay up, to conceal; pref. re- re- + condere to bring or lay together. See Abscond.] 1. Hidden from the mental or intellectual view; secret; abstruse; as, recondite causes of things.
2. Dealing in things abstruse; profound; searching; as, recondite studies. "Recondite learning." Bp. Horsley.
Re*con"di*to*ry (r?k?n"d?*t?*r?), n. [LL. reconditorium.] A repository; a storehouse. [Obs.] Ash.
Re`con*duct" (r`kn*dkt"), v. t. To conduct back or again. "A guide to reconduct thy steps." Dryden.
Re`con*firm" (-f?rm"), v. t. [Pref. re- + confirm: cf. F. reconfirmer.] To confirm anew. Clarendon.
Re`con*fort" (-f?rt"), v. t. [F. réconforter.] To recomfort; to comfort. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Re`con*join" (r?`k?n*join"), v. t. To join or conjoin anew. Boyle.
{ Re*con"nois*sance, Re*con"nais*sance } (r?- k?n"n?s-s?ns), n. [F. See Recognizance.] The act of reconnoitering; preliminary examination or survey. Specifically: (a) (Geol.) An examination or survey of a region in reference to its general geological character. (b) (Engin.) An examination of a region as to its general natural features, preparatory to a more particular survey for the purposes of triangulation, or of determining the location of a public work. (c) (Mil.) An examination of a territory, or of an enemy's position, for the purpose of obtaining information necessary for directing military operations; a preparatory expedition.
Reconnoissance in force (Mil.), a demonstration or attack by a large force of troops for the purpose of discovering the position and strength of an enemy.
{ Rec`on*noi"ter, Rec`on*noi"tre } (r?k`?n*noi"t?r), v. t. [F. reconnoitre, a former spelling of reconnaître. See Recognize.] 1. To examine with the eye to make a preliminary examination or survey of; esp., to survey with a view to military or engineering operations.
2. To recognize. [Obs.] Sir H. Walpole.
Re*con"quer (r?*k?n"k?r), v. t. [Pref. re- + conquer: cf. F. reconquérir.] To conquer again; to recover by conquest; as, to reconquer a revolted province.
Re*con"quest (-kw?st), n. A second conquest.
Re*con"se*crate (-k?n"s?*kr?t), v. t. To consecrate anew or again.
Re*con`se*cra"tion, n. Renewed consecration.
Re`con*sid"er (r?`k?n*s?d"?r), v. t. 1. To consider again; as, to reconsider a subject.
2. (Parliamentary Practice) To take up for renewed consideration, as a motion or a vote which has been previously acted upon.
Re`con*sid`er*a"tion (-?"sh?n), n. The act of reconsidering, or the state of being reconsidered; as, the reconsideration of a vote in a legislative body.
Re*con"so*late (r?*k?n"s?*l?t), v. t. To console or comfort again. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.
Re`con*sol"i*date (r?`k?n*s?l"?*d?t), v. t. To consolidate anew or again.
Re`con*sol`i*da"tion (-d?"sh?n), n. The act or process of reconsolidating; the state of being reconsolidated.
Re`con*struct" (-str?kt"), v. t. To construct again; to rebuild; to remodel; to form again or anew.
Regiments had been dissolved and reconstructed.
Macaulay.
Re`con*struc"tion (-str?k"sh?n), n. 1. The act of constructing again; the state of being reconstructed.
2. (U.S. Politics) The act or process of reorganizing the governments of the States which had passed ordinances of secession, and of reëstablishing their constitutional relations to the national government, after the close of the Civil War.
Re`con*struct"ive (-str?k"t?v), a. Reconstructing; tending to reconstruct; as, a reconstructive policy.
Re`con*tin"u*ance (-t?n"?*?ns), n. The act or state of recontinuing.
Re`con*tin"ue (-?), v. t. & i. To continue anew.
Re`con*vene" (r?`k?n*v?n"), v. t. & i. To convene or assemble again; to call or come together again.
Re`con*ven"tion (-v?n"sh?n), n. (Civil Law) A cross demand; an action brought by the defendant against the plaintiff before the same judge. Burrill. Bouvier.
Re`con*ver"sion (-v?r"sh?n), n. A second conversion.
Re`con*vert" (-v?rt"), v. t. To convert again. Milton.
Re*con"vert (r?*k?n"v?rt), n. A person who has been reconverted. Gladstone.
Re`con*vert"i*ble (r?`k?n*v?rt"?*b'l), a. (Chem.) Capable of being reconverted; convertible again to the original form or condition.
Re`con*vey" (-v?"), v. t. 1. To convey back or to the former place; as, to reconvey goods.
2. To transfer back to a former owner; as, to reconvey an estate.
Re`con*vey"ance (-v?"?ns), n. Act of reconveying.
Re*cop"y (r?*k?p"?), v. t. To copy again.
Re*cord" (r?*k?rd"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recorded; p. pr. & vb. n. Recording.] [OE. recorden to repeat, remind, F. recorder, fr. L. recordari to remember; pref. re- re- + cor, cordis, the heart or mind. See Cordial, Heart.] 1. To recall to mind; to recollect; to remember; to meditate. [Obs.] "I it you record." Chaucer.
2. To repeat; to recite; to sing or play. [Obs.]
They longed to see the day, to hear the lark
Record her hymns, and chant her carols blest.
Fairfax.
3. To preserve the memory of, by committing to writing, to printing, to inscription, or the like; to make note of; to write or enter in a book or on parchment, for the purpose of preserving authentic evidence of; to register; to enroll; as, to record the proceedings of a court; to record historical events.
Those things that are recorded of him . . . are written in the chronicles of the kings.
1 Esd. i. 42.
To record a deed, mortgage, lease, etc., to have a copy of the same entered in the records of the office designated by law, for the information of the public.
Re*cord", v. i. 1. To reflect; to ponder. [Obs.]
Praying all the way, and recording upon the words which he before had read.
Fuller.
2. To sing or repeat a tune. [Obs.] Shak.
Whether the birds or she recorded best.
W. Browne.
Rec"ord (rk"rd), n. [OF. recort, record, remembrance, attestation, record. See Record, v. t.] 1. A writing by which some act or event, or a number of acts or events, is recorded; a register; as, a record of the acts of the Hebrew kings; a record of the variations of temperature during a certain time; a family record.
2. Especially: (a) An official contemporaneous writing by which the acts of some public body, or public officer, are recorded; as, a record of city ordinances; the records of the receiver of taxes. (b) An authentic official copy of a document which has been entered in a book, or deposited in the keeping of some officer designated by law. (c) An official contemporaneous memorandum stating the proceedings of a court of justice; a judicial record. (d) The various legal papers used in a case, together with memoranda of the proceedings of the court; as, it is not permissible to allege facts not in the record.
3. Testimony; witness; attestation.
John bare record, saying.
John i. 32.
4. That which serves to perpetuate a knowledge of acts or events; a monument; a memorial.
5. That which has been, or might be, recorded; the known facts in the course, progress, or duration of anything, as in the life of a public man; as, a politician with a good or a bad record.
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6. That which has been publicly achieved in any kind of competitive sport as recorded in some authoritative manner, as the time made by a winning horse in a race.
Court of record (pron. r&?;*k&?;rd" in Eng.), a court whose acts and judicial proceedings are written on parchment or in books for a perpetual memorial. -- Debt of record, a debt which appears to be due by the evidence of a court of record, as upon a judgment or a cognizance. -- Trial by record, a trial which is had when a matter of record is pleaded, and the opposite party pleads that there is no such record. In this case the trial is by inspection of the record itself, no other evidence being admissible. Blackstone. -- To beat, or break, the record (Sporting), to surpass any performance of like kind as authoritatively recorded; as, to break the record in a walking match.
Re*cord"ance (r?*k?rd"?ns), n. Remembrance. [Obs.]
Rec`or*da"tion (r?k`?r*d?"sh?n), n. [L. recordatio: cf. F. recordation. See Record, v. t.] Remembrance; recollection; also, a record. [Obs.] Shak.
Re*cord"er (r?*k?rd"?r), n. 1. One who records; specifically, a person whose official duty it is to make a record of writings or transactions.
2. The title of the chief judical officer of some cities and boroughs; also, of the chief justice of an East Indian settlement. The Recorder of London is judge of the Lord Mayor's Court, and one of the commissioners of the Central Criminal Court.
3. (Mus.) A kind of wind instrument resembling the flageolet. [Obs.] "Flutes and soft recorders." Milton.
Re*cord"er*ship, n. The office of a recorder.
Re*cord"ing, a. Keeping a record or a register; as, a recording secretary; -- applied to numerous instruments with an automatic appliance which makes a record of their action; as, a recording gauge or telegraph.
Re`cor*por`i*fi*ca"tion (r?`k?r*p?r`?*f?*k?"sh?n), n. The act of investing again with a body; the state of being furnished anew with a body. [R.] Boyle.
Re*couch" (r?*kouch"), v. i. [Pref. re- + couch: cf. F. recoucher.] To retire again to a couch; to lie down again. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.
Re*count" (r*kount"), v. t. [Pref. re- + count.] To count or reckon again.
Re*count", n. A counting again, as of votes.
Re*count" (r*kount"), v. t. [F. raconter to relate, to recount; pref. re- again + &?; (L. ad.) + conter to relate. See Count, v.] To tell over; to relate in detail; to recite; to tell or narrate the particulars of; to rehearse; to enumerate; as, to recount one's blessings. Dryden.
To all his angels, who, with true applause,
Recount his praises.
Milton.
Re*count`ment (-ment), n. Recital. [Obs.] Shak.
{ Re*coup", Re*coupe" } (-k??p"), v. t. [F. recouper; pref. re- re- + couper to cut.] 1. (Law) To keep back rightfully (a part), as if by cutting off, so as to diminish a sum due; to take off (a part) from damages; to deduct; as, where a landlord recouped the rent of premises from damages awarded to the plaintiff for eviction.