Ex*is`ti*ma"tion (?), n. [L. existimatio judgment, opinion, fr. existimare to estimate. See Estimate.] Esteem; opinion; reputation. [Obs.] Steele.
||Ex"it (?). [L., 3d pers. sing. pres. of exire to go out. See Exeunt, Issue.] He (or she ) goes out, or retires from view; as, exit Macbeth.
The Latin words exit (he or she goes out), and exeunt ( they go out), are used in dramatic writings to indicate the time of withdrawal from the stage of one or more of the actors.
Ex"it, n. [See 1st Exit.] 1. The departure of a player from the stage, when he has performed his part.
They have their exits and their entrances.
Shak.
2. Any departure; the act of quitting the stage of action or of life; death; as, to make one's exit.
Sighs for his exit, vulgarly called death.
Cowper.
3. A way of departure; passage out of a place; egress; way out.
Forcing the water forth through its ordinary exits.
Woodward.
{ Ex*i"tial (?), Ex*i"tious (?), } a. [L. exitialis, exitious, fr. exitium a going out, a going to naught, i. e., ruin, fr. exire to go out: cf. F. exitial.] Destructive; fatal. [Obs.] "Exitial fevers." Harvey.
Ex"o- (?). [Gr. &?; out of, outside, fr. &?; out. See Ex-.] A prefix signifying out of, outside; as in exocarp, exogen, exoskeleton.
{ Ex`o*car"di*ac (?), Ex`o*car"di*al (?), } a. [Exo- + Gr. kardi`a heart.] (Anat.) Situated or arising outside of the heart; as, exocardial murmurs; -- opposed to endocardiac.
Ex"o*carp (?), n. [Exo- + Gr. &?; fruit.] (Bot.) The outer portion of a fruit, as the flesh of a peach or the rind of an orange. See Illust. of Drupe.
Ex`oc*cip"i*tal (?), a. [Pref. ex- + occipital.] (Anat.) Pertaining to a bone or region on each side of the great foremen of the skull. -- n. The exoccipital bone, which often forms a part of the occipital in the adult, but is usually distinct in the young.
||Ex`o*ce"tus (? or ?), ||Ex`ocœ"tus, n. [NL. exocetus, L. exocoetus a fish that sleeps on the shore, Gr. 'exw`koitos, lit., sleeping out; 'e`xw outside of + koi`th bed.] (Zoöl) A genus of fishes, including the common flying fishes. See Flying fish.
Ex*oc"u*late (?), v. t. [L. exoculatus, p. p. of exoculare to exoculate; ex out + oculus an eye.] To deprive of eyes. [R.] W. C. Hazlitt.
Ex"ode (?) n. [L. exodium, Gr. &?; (sc. &?; song) fr. &?; belonging to an exit, or to the finale of a tragedy, fr. &?;: cf. F. exode. See Exodus.] 1. Departure; exodus; esp., the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt. [Obs.] L. Coleman. Bolingbroke.
2. (Gr. Drama) The final chorus; the catastrophe.
3. (Rom. Antiq.) An afterpiece of a comic description, either a farce or a travesty.
Ex*od"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; belonging to departure. See Exodus.] (Physiol.) Conducting influences from the spinal cord outward; -- said of the motor or efferent nerves. Opposed to esodic.
||Ex*o"di*um (?), n. [L.] See Exode.
Ex"o*dus (?), n. [L., the book of Exodus, Gr. &?; a going or marching out; &?; out + &?; way, cf. Skr. -sad to approach.] 1. A going out; particularly (the Exodus), the going out or journey of the Israelites from Egypt under the conduct of Moses; and hence, any large migration from a place.
2. The second of the Old Testament, which contains the narrative of the departure of the Israelites from Egypt.
Ex"o*dy (?), n. Exodus; withdrawal. [Obs.]
The time of the Jewish exody.
Sir M. Hale.
Ex`-of*fi"cial (?), a. Proceeding from office or authority.
||Ex` of*fi"ci*o (?); pl. Ex officiis (#). [L.] From office; by virtue, or as a consequence, of an office; officially.
Ex*og"a*mous (?), a. [Exo- + Gr. &?; marriage.] Relating to exogamy; marrying outside of the limits of one's own tribe; -- opposed to endogenous.
Ex*og"a*my (?), n. The custom, or tribal law, which prohibits marriage between members of the same tribe; marriage outside of the tribe; -- opposed to endogamy. Lubbock.
Ex"o*gen (?), n. [Exo- + - gen: cf. F. exogène.] (Bot.) A plant belonging to one of the greater part of the vegetable kingdom, and which the plants are characterized by having c wood bark, and pith, the wood forming a layer between the other two, and increasing, if at all, by the animal addition of a new layer to the outside next to the bark. The leaves are commonly netted-veined, and the number of cotyledons is two, or, very rarely, several in a whorl. Cf. Endogen. Gray.
Ex`o*ge*net"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Arising or growing from without; exogenous.
Ex*og"e*nous (?), a. 1. (Bot.) Pertaining to, or having the character of, an exogen; -- the opposite of endogenous.
2. (Biol.) Growing by addition to the exterior.
3. (Anat.) Growing from previously ossified parts; -- opposed to autogenous. Owen.
Exogenous aneurism (Med.), an aneurism which is produced by causes acting from without, as from injury.
||Ex`o*gy"ra (?) n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; out, outside + &?; circle.] (Paleon.) A genus of Cretaceous fossil shells allied to oysters.
Ex"o*lete (?), a. [L. exoletus, p. p. of exolescere to grow out, grow out of use; ex out + olescere to grow.] Obsolete; out of use; state; insipid. [Obs.]
Ex`o*lu"tion (?), n. [L. exolutio a release. See Exolve.] See Exsolution. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Ex*olve" (?), v. t. [L. exolvere, exsolutum; ex out + solvere.] To loose; to pay. [Obs.]
Ex"on (?), n. [NL., from E. Exe (Celt. uisge water) the name of a river.] A native or inhabitant of Exeter, in England.
Ex"on, n. [F. expect an under officer.] An officer of the Yeomen of the Guard; an Exempt. [Eng.]
Ex*on"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exonerated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Exonerating (?).] [L. exoneratus, p. p. of exonerare to free from a burden; ex out, from onerare to load, onus load. See Onerous.] 1. To unload; to disburden; to discharge. [Obs.]
All exonerate themselves into one common duct.
Ray.
2. To relieve, in a moral sense, as of a charge, obligation, or load of blame resting on one; to clear of something that lies upon oppresses one, as an accusation or imputation; as, to exonerate one's self from blame, or from the charge of avarice. Burke.
3. To discharge from duty or obligation, as a bail.
Syn. -- To absolve; acquit; exculpate. See Absolve.
Ex*on`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. exoneratio: cf. F. Exonération.] The act of disburdening, discharging, or freeing morally from a charge or imputation; also, the state of being disburdened or freed from a charge.
Ex*on"er*a*tive (?), a. Freeing from a burden or obligation; tending to exonerate.
Ex*on"er*a`tor (?), n. [L., an unloader.] One who exonerates or frees from obligation.
||Ex`oph*thal"mi*a (?), n. [Nl.,fr. Gr. &?; with prominent eyes; &?; out + &?; the eye.] (Med.) The protrusion of the eyeball so that the eyelids will not cover it, in consequence of disease.
Ex`oph*thal"mic (?), a. Of or pertaining to, or characterized by, exophthalmia.
Exophthalmic golter. Same as Rasedow's disease.
||Ex`oph*thal"mos (?), ||Ex`oph*thal"mus (&?;), n. [NL.] (Med.) Same as Exophthalmia.
Ex`oph*thal"my (?), n. (Med.) Exophthalmia.
Ex*oph"yl*lous (?), a. [Exo- + Gr. &?; .] (Bot.) Not sheathed in another leaf.
Ex"o*plasm (?), n. [Exo- + Gr. &?; from, fr. &?; to mold.] (Biol.) See Ectosarc, and Ectoplasm.
Ex*op"o*dite (?), n. [Exo- + Gr. &?; , foot.] (Zoöl) The external branch of the appendages of Crustacea.
Ex*op"ta*ble (?), a. [L. exoptabilis.] Very desirable. [Obs.] Bailey.
Ex*op"tile (?), n. [F., fr.Gr. &?; without + &?; feather, plumage.] (Bot.) A name given by Lestiboudois to dicotyledons; -- so called because the plumule is naked.
Ex"o*ra*ble (?), a. [L. exorabilis: cf. F. exorable. See Exorate.] Capable of being moved by entreaty; pitiful; tender. Milton.
Ex"o*rate (?), v. t. [L. exoratus, p. p. of exorare to gain by entreaty; ex out, from + orare to pay.] To persuade, or to gain, by entreaty. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Ex`o*ra"tion (?), n. [L. exoratio.] Entreaty. [R.] Beau. & Fl.
{ Ex*or"bi*tance (?), Ex*or"bi*tan*cy (?), }, n. A going out of or beyond the usual or due limit; hence, enormity; extravagance; gross deviation from rule, right, or propriety; as, the exorbitances of the tongue or of deportment; exorbitance of demands. "A curb to your exorbitancies." Dryden.
The lamentable exorbitances of their superstitions.
Bp. Hall.
Ex*or"bi*tant (?), a. [L. exorbitans, -antis, p. pr. of exorbitare to go out of the track; ex out + orbita track: cf. F. exorbitant. See Orbit.] 1. Departing from an orbit or usual track; hence, deviating from the usual or due course; going beyond the appointed rules or established limits of right or propriety; excessive; extravagant; enormous; inordinate; as, exorbitant appetites and passions; exorbitant charges, demands, or claims.
Foul exorbitant desires.
Milton.
2. Not comprehended in a settled rule or method; anomalous.
The Jews . . . [were] inured with causes exorbitant, and such as their laws had not provided for.
Hooker.
Ex*or"bi*tant*ly, adv. In an exorbitant, excessive, or irregular manner; enormously.
Ex*or"bi*tate (?), v. i. [L. exorbitatus, p. p. of exorbitare. See Exorbitant.] To go out of the track; to deviate. [Obs.] Bentley.
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Ex"or*cise (ks"r*sz), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exorcised (- szd); p. pr. & vb. n. Exorcising (- s`zng).] [L. exorcizare, Gr. 'exorki`zein; 'ex out + "orki`zein to make one swear, bind by an oath, fr. "o`rkos oath: cf. F. exorciser.] 1. To cast out, as a devil, evil spirits, etc., by conjuration or summoning by a holy name, or by certain ceremonies; to expel (a demon) or to conjure (a demon) to depart out of a person possessed by one.
He impudently excorciseth devils in the church.
Prynne.
2. To deliver or purify from the influence of an evil spirit or demon.
Exorcise the beds and cross the walls.
Dryden.
Mr. Spectator . . . do all you can to exorcise crowds who are . . . processed as I am.
Spectator.
Ex"or*ci`ser (-s`zr), n. An exorcist.
Ex"or*cism (-sz'm), n. [L. exorcismus, Gr. 'exorkizmo`s; cf. F. exorcisme.] 1. The act of exorcising; the driving out of evil spirits from persons or places by conjuration; also, the form of conjuration used.
2. Conjuration for raising spirits. [R.] Shak.
Ex"or*cist (-sst), n. [L. exorcista, Gr. 'exorkisth`s: cf. F. exorciste.] 1. One who expels evil spirits by conjuration or exorcism.
Certain of the vagabond Jews, exorcists.
Acts xix. 13.
2. A conjurer who can raise spirits. [R.]
Thou, like an exorcist, hast conjured up
My mortified spirit.
Shak.
Ex*or"di*al (gz*ôr"d*al), a. Pertaining to the exordium of a discourse: introductory.
The exordial paragraph of the second epistle.
I. Taylor.
Ex*or"di*um (-m), n.; pl. E. Exordiums (-mz), L. Exordia (-). [L. fr. exordiri to begin a web, lay a warp, begin; ex out + ordiri to begin a web, begin; akin to E. order. See Order.] A beginning; an introduction; especially, the introductory part of a discourse or written composition, which prepares the audience for the main subject; the opening part of an oration. "The exordium of repentance." Jer. Taylor. "Long prefaces and exordiums. " Addison.
||Ex`o*rhi"za (ks`*r"z), n.; pl. Exorhizæ (- z). [NL. fr. Gr. 'e`xw outside + 'ri`za root.] (Bot.) A plant Whose radicle is not inclosed or sheathed by the cotyledons or plumule. Gray.
{ Ex`o*rhi"zal (?), Ex`o*rhi`zous (?), } a. (Bot.) Having a radicle which is not inclosed by the cotyledons or plumule; of or relating to an exorhiza.
Ex`or*na"tion (?), n. [L. exornatio, fr. exornare. See Ornate.] Ornament; decoration; embellishment. [Obs.]
Hyperbolical exornations . . . many much affect.
Burton.
Ex*or`tive (?), a. [L. exortivus, fr. exortus a coming forth, rising; ex out + orivi to rise, come forth.] Rising; relating to the east. [R.]
Ex*os"cu*late (?), v. t. [L. exosculatus, p. p. of exosculari to kiss. See Osculate.] To kiss; especially, to kiss repeatedly or fondly. [Obs.]
Ex`o*skel"e*tal (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the exoskeleton; as exoskeletal muscles.
Ex`o*skel"e*ton (?), n. [Exo- + skeleton] (Anat.) The hardened parts of the external integument of an animal, including hair, feathers, nails, horns, scales, etc.,as well as the armor of armadillos and many reptiles, and the shells or hardened integument of numerous invertebrates; external skeleton; dermoskeleton.
Ex"os*mose` (?), n. [Exo+osmose: cf. F. ezosmose.] (Physics) The passage of gases, vapors, or liquids through membranes or porous media from within outward, in the phenomena of osmose; -- opposed to endosmose. See Osmose.
||Ex`os*mo"sis (?), n. [NL. See Exo- , and Osmose.] (Physics) See Exosmose.
Ex`os*mot`ic (?), a. Pertaining to exosmose.
Ex`o*spore (?), n. [Exo + spore.] (Biol.) The extreme outer wall of a spore; the epispore.
Ex*os"sate (?), v. t. [L. exossatus, p. p. of exossare to bone , fr. exos without bones; ex out + os, ossis, bone.] To deprive of bones; to take out the bones of; to bone. [Obs.] Bailey.
Ex`os*sa"tion (?), n. A depriving of bone or of fruit stones. [Obs.] Bacon.
Ex*os"se*ous (?), a. [Ex + osseous.] Boneless. "Exosseous animals. " Sir T. Browne.
Ex"o*stome (?), n. [Exo- + Gr. &?; mouth: cf. F. exostome.] (Bot.) The small aperture or foremen in the outer coat of the ovule of a plant.
||Ex`os*to"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;; &?; out + &?; bone: cf. F. exostose.] 1. (Med.) Any protuberance of a bone which is not natural; an excrescence or morbid enlargement of a bone. Coxe.
2. (Bot.) A knot formed upon or in the wood of trees by disease.
{ Ex`o*ter"ic (?), Ex`o*ter"ic*al (?) } a. [L. exotericus, Gr. &?; fr. &?; out: cf. F. exotérique. See Ex-] External; public; suitable to be imparted to the public; hence, capable of being readily or fully comprehended; -- opposed to esoteric, or secret.
The foppery of an exoteric and esoteric doctrine.
De Quincey.
Ex`o*ter`ics (?), n. pl. (Philos.) The public lectures or published writings of Aristotle. See Esoterics.
Ex"o*ter*y (?), n.; pl. Exoteries (-&?;). That which is obvious, public, or common.
Dealing out exoteries only to the vulgar.
A. Tucker.
||Ex`o*the"ca (?), n. [Nl., fr. Gr. 'e`xw outside + &?; a case, box.] (Zoöl.) The tissue which fills the interspaces between the costæ of many madreporarian corals, usually consisting of small transverse or oblique septa.
||Ex`o*the"ci*um (?), n. [NL. See Exotheca.] (Bot.) The outer coat of the anther.
Ex*ot"ic (?), a. [L. exoticus, Gr. &?; fr. 'e`xw outside: cf. F. exotique. See Exoteric.] Introduced from a foreign country; not native; extraneous; foreign; as, an exotic plant; an exotic term or word.
Nothing was so splendid and exotic as the ambassador.
Evelyn.
Ex*ot"ic (?), n. Anything of foreign origin; something not of native growth, as a plant, a word, a custom.
Plants that are unknown to Italy, and such as the gardeners call exotics.
Addison.
Ex*ot"ic*al (?), a. Foreign; not native; exotic. [R.] -- Ex*ot"ic*al*ness, n.
Ex*ot"i*cism (?), n. The state of being exotic; also, anything foreign, as a word or idiom; an exotic.
Ex*pand" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expanded; p. pr. & vb. n. Expanding.] [L. expandere, expansum; ex out + pandere to spread out, to throw open; perh. akin to E. patent. Cf. Spawn.] 1. To lay open by extending; to open wide; to spread out; to diffuse; as, a flower expands its leaves.
Then with expanded wings he steers his flight.
Milton.
2. To cause the particles or parts of to spread themselves or stand apart, thus increasing bulk without addition of substance; to make to occupy more space; to dilate; to distend; to extend every way; to enlarge; -- opposed to contract; as, to expand the chest; heat expands all bodies; to expand the sphere of benevolence.
3. (Math.) To state in enlarged form; to develop; as, to expand an equation. See Expansion, 5.
Ex*pand", v. i. To become widely opened, spread apart, dilated, distended, or enlarged; as, flowers expand in the spring; metals expand by heat; the heart expands with joy. Dryden.
Ex*pand"er (?), n. Anything which causes expansion esp. (Mech.) a tool for stretching open or expanding a tube, etc.
Ex*pand"ing, a. That expands, or may be expanded; extending; spreading; enlarging.
Expanding bit, Expanding drill (Mech.), a bit or drill made adjustable for holes of various sizes; one which can be expanded in diameter while boring. -- Expanding pulley (Mach.), a pulley so made, as in sections, that its diameter can be increased or diminished.
Ex*panse" (?), n. [From L. expansus, p. p. of expandere. See Expand.] That which is expanded or spread out; a wide extent of space or body; especially, the arch of the sky. "The green expanse." Savage.
Lights . . . high in the expanse of heaven.
Milton.
The smooth expanse of crystal lakes.
Pope.
Ex*panse", v. t. To expand. [Obs.]
That lies expansed unto the eyes of all.
Sir. T. Browne.
Ex*pan`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The capacity of being expanded; as, the expansibility of air.
Ex*pan"si*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. expansible.] Capable of being expanded or spread out widely.
Bodies are not expansible in proportion to their weight.
Grew.
-- Ex*pan"si*ble*ness ,n. - Ex*pan"si*bly ,adv.
Ex*pan"sile (?), a. Expansible.
Ether and alcohol are more expansile than water.
Brande & C.
Ex*pan"sion (?), n. [L. expansio: cf. F. expansion.] 1. The act of expanding or spreading out; the condition of being expanded; dilation; enlargement.
2. That which is expanded; expanse; extend surface; as, the expansion of a sheet or of a lake; the expansion was formed of metal.
The starred expansion of the skies.
Beattie.
3. Space through which anything is expanded; also, pure space.
Lost in expansion, void and infinite.
Blackmore.
4. (Com.) Enlargement or extension of business transactions; esp., increase of the circulation of bank notes.
5. (Math.) The developed result of an indicated operation; as, the expansion of (a + b)2 is a2 + 2ab + b2.
6. (Steam Engine) The operation of steam in a cylinder after its communication with the boiler has been cut off, by which it continues to exert pressure upon the moving piston.
7. (Nav. Arch.) The enlargement of the ship mathematically from a model or drawing to the full or building size, in the process of construction. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Expansion is also used adjectively, as in expansion joint, expansion gear, etc.
Expansion curve, a curve the coördinates of which show the relation between the pressure and volume of expanding gas or vapor; esp. (Steam engine), that part of an indicator diagram which shows the declining pressure of the steam as it expands in the cylinder. -- Expansion gear (Steam Engine). a cut-off gear. See Illust. of Link motion. -- Automatic expansion gear or cut-off, one that is regulated by the governor, and varies the supply of steam to the engine with the demand for power. -- Fixed expansion gear, or Fixed cut-off, one that always operates at the same fixed point of the stroke. -- Expansion joint, or Expansion coupling (Mech. & Engin.), a yielding joint or coupling for so uniting parts of a machine or structure that expansion, as by heat, is prevented from causing injurious strains; as: (a) A slide or set of rollers, at the end of bridge truss, to support it but allow end play. (b) A telescopic joint in a steam pipe, to permit one part of the pipe to slide within the other. (c) A clamp for holding a locomotive frame to the boiler while allowing lengthwise motion. -- Expansion valve (Steam Engine), a cut-off valve, to shut off steam from the cylinder before the end of each stroke.
Ex*pan"sive (ks*pn"sv), a. [Cf. F. expansif.] Having a capacity or tendency to expand or dilate; diffusive; of much expanse; wide- extending; as, the expansive force of heat; the expansive quality of air.
A more expansive and generous compassion.
Eustace.
His forehead was broad and expansive.
Prescott.
-- Ex*pan"sive*ly, adv. - Ex*pan"sive*ness, n.
Ex*pan"sure (?shur; 135), n. Expanse. [Obs.] "Night's rich expansure."
||Ex` par"te (?). [L. See Ex-, and Part.] Upon or from one side only; one-sided; partial; as, an ex parte statement.
Ex parte application, one made without notice or opportunity to oppose. -- Ex parte council, one that assembles at the request of only one of the parties in dispute. -- Ex parte hearing or evidence (Law), that which is had or taken by one side or party in the absence of the other. Hearings before grand juries, and affidavits, are ex parte. Wharton's Law Dict. Burrill.
Ex*pa"ti*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Expatiated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Expariating (?).] [L. expatiatus, exspatiatus, p. p. of expatiari, exspatiari, to expatiate; ex out + spatiari to walk about spread out, fr. spatium space. See Space.] 1. To range at large, or without restraint.
Bids his free soul expatiate in the skies.
Pope.
2. To enlarge in discourse or writing; to be copious in argument or discussion; to descant.
He expatiated on the inconveniences of trade.
Addison.
Ex*pa"ti*ate, v. t. To expand; to spread; to extend; to diffuse; to broaden.
Afford art an ample field in which to expatiate itself.
Dryden.
Ex*pa`ti*a"tion (?), n. Act of expatiating.
Ex*pa"ti*a*to*ry (?), a. Expansive; diffusive. [R.]
Ex*pa"tri*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expatriated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Expatriating (?).] [LL. expatriatus, p. p. of expatriare; L. ex out + patria fatherland, native land, fr. pater father. See Patriot.] 1. To banish; to drive or force (a person) from his own country; to make an exile of.
The expatriated landed interest of France.
Burke.
2. Reflexively, as To expatriate one's self: To withdraw from one's native country; to renounce the rights and liabilities of citizenship where one is born, and become a citizen of another country.
Ex*pa`tri*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. expatriation.] The act of banishing, or the state of banishment; especially, the forsaking of one's own country with a renunciation of allegiance.
Expatriation was a heavy ransom to pay for the rights of their minds and souls.
Palfrey.
Ex*pect" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expected; p. pr. & vb. n. Expecting.] [L. expectatum, to look out for, await, expect; ex + out spectare to look at. See Spectacle.] 1. To wait for; to await. [Obs.]
Let's in, and there expect their coming.
Shak.
2. To look for (mentally); to look forward to, as to something that is believed to be about to happen or come; to have a previous apprehension of, whether of good or evil; to look for with some confidence; to anticipate; -- often followed by an infinitive, sometimes by a clause (with, or without, that); as, I expect to receive wages; I expect that the troops will be defeated. "Good: I will expect you." Shak. "Expecting thy reply." Shak.
The Somersetshire or yellow regiment . . . was expected to arrive on the following day.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- To anticipate; look for; await; hope. -- To Expect, Think, Believe, Await. Expect is a mental act and has aways a reference to the future, to some coming event; as a person expects to die, or he expects to survive. Think and believe have reference to the past and present, as well as to the future; as I think the mail has arrived; I believe he came home yesterday, that he is he is at home now. There is a not uncommon use of expect, which is a confusion of the two; as, I expect the mail has arrived; I expect he is at home. This misuse should be avoided. Await is a physical or moral act. We await that which, when it comes, will affect us personally. We expect what may, or may not, interest us personally. See Anticipate.
Ex*pect", v. t. To wait; to stay. [Obs.] Sandys.
Ex*pect", n. Expectation. [Obs.] Shak.
Ex*pect"a*ble (?), a. [L. expectabilis.] That may be expected or looked for. Sir T. Browne.
{ Ex*pect"ance (?), Ex*pect"an*cy (?), } n. 1. The act of expecting ; expectation. Milton.
2. That which is expected, or looked or waited for with interest; the object of expectation or hope.
The expectancy and rose of the fair state.
Shak.
Estate in expectancy (Law), one the possession of which a person is entitled to have at some future time, either as a remainder or reversion, or on the death of some one. Burrill.
Ex*pect"ant (?), a. [L. expectans, exspectans, p. pr. of expectare, exspectare: cf. F. expectant.] Waiting in expectation; looking for; (Med.) waiting for the efforts of nature, with little active treatment.
Expectant estate (Law), an estate in expectancy. See under Expectancy.
Ex*pect"ant, n. One who waits in expectation; one held in dependence by hope of receiving some good.
An expectant of future glory.
South.
Those who had employments, or were expectants.
Swift.
Ex`pec*ta"tion (?) n. [L. expectio. exspectio: cf. F. expectation.] 1. The act or state of expecting or looking forward to an event as about to happen. "In expectation of a guest." Tennyson.
My soul, wait thou only upon God, for my expectation is from him.
Ps. lxii. 5.
2. That which is expected or looked for.
Why our great expectation should be called
The seed of woman.
Milton.
3. The prospect of the future; grounds upon which something excellent is expected to happen; prospect of anything good to come, esp. of property or rank.
His magnificent expectations made him, in the opinion of the world, the best match in Europe.
Prescott.
By all men's eyes a youth of expectation.
Otway.
4. The value of any chance (as the prospect of prize or property) which depends upon some contingent event. Expectations are computed for or against the occurrence of the event.
5. (Med.) The leaving of the disease principally to the efforts of nature to effect a cure.
Expectation of life, the mean or average duration of the life individuals after any specified age.
Syn. -- Anticipation; confidence; trust.
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Ex*pect"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. expectatif.] Constituting an object of expectation; contingent.
Expectative grace, a mandate given by the pope or a prince appointing a successor to any benefice before it becomes vacant. Foxe.
Ex*pect"a*tive, n. [F. expectative, fr. expectatif expectant.] Something in expectation; esp., an expectative grace. Milman.
Ex*pect"ed*ly, adv. In conformity with expectation. [R.] Walpole.
Ex*pect"er (?), n. One who expects.
Ex*pect"ing*ly, adv. In a state of expectation.
Ex*pect"ive (?), a. Expectative. [R.] Shipley.
Ex*pec"to*rant (?), a. [L. expectorans, p. pr. of expectorare to drive from the breast: cf. F. expectorant.] (Med.) Tending to facilitate expectoration or to promote discharges of mucus, etc., from the lungs or throat. -- n. An expectorant medicine.
Ex*pec"to*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expectorated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Expectorating (?).] [L. expecrorare to drive from the breast; ex out + pectus, pectiris, breast. See Pectoral.] To eject from the trachea or lungs; to discharge, as phlegm or other matter, by coughing, hawking, and spitting; to spit forth.
Ex*pec"to*rate, v. i. To discharge matter from the lungs or throat by hawking and spitting; to spit.
Ex*pec`to*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. expectoration.] 1. The act of ejecting phlegm or mucus from the throat or lungs, by coughing, hawking, and spitting.
2. That which is expectorated, as phlegm or mucus.
Ex*pec"to*ra*tive (?), a. & n. Same as Expectorant. Harvey.
Ex*pede" (?) v. t. To expedite; to hasten. [Obs.]
Ex*pe"di*ate (?), v. t. [Cf. F. expédier. See Expedite.] To hasten; to expedite. [Obs.] "To expediate their business." Sir E. Sandys.
{ Ex*pe"di*ence (?), Ex*pe"di*en*cy (?), }, n. 1. The quality of being expedient or advantageous; fitness or suitableness to effect a purpose intended; adaptedness to self-interest; desirableness; advantage; advisability; -- sometimes contradistinguished from moral rectitude.
Divine wisdom discovers no expediency in vice.
Cogan.
To determine concerning the expedience of action.
Sharp.
Much declamation may be heard in the present day against expediency, as if it were not the proper object of a deliberative assembly, and as if it were only pursued by the unprincipled.
Whately.
2. Expedition; haste; dispatch. [Obs.]
Making hither with all due expedience.
Shak.
3. An expedition; enterprise; adventure. [Obs.]
Forwarding this dear expedience.
Shak.
Ex*pe"di*ent (?) a. [L. expediens, -entis, p. pr. of expedire to be expedient, release, extricate: cf. F. expédient. See Expedite.] 1. Hastening or forward; hence, tending to further or promote a proposed object; fit or proper under the circumstances; conducive to self-interest; desirable; advisable; advantageous; -- sometimes contradistinguished from right.
It is expedient for you that I go away.
John xvi. 7.
Nothing but the right can ever be expedient, since that can never be true expediency which would sacrifice a greater good to a less.
Whately.
2. Quick; expeditious. [Obs.]
His marches are expedient to this town.
Shak.
Ex*pe"di*ent, n. 1. That which serves to promote or advance; suitable means to accomplish an end.
What sure expedient than shall Juno find,
To calm her fears and ease her boding mind?
Philips.
2. Means devised in an exigency; shift.
Syn. -- Shift; contrivance; resource; substitute.
Ex*pe`di*en"tial (?). Governed by expediency; seeking advantage; as an expediential policy. "Calculating, expediential understanding." Hare. -- Ex*pe`di*en"tial*ly , adv. &?;.
Ex*pe"di*ent*ly (?) adv. 1. In an expedient manner; fitly; suitably; conveniently.
2. With expedition; quickly. [Obs.]
Ex*ped"i*ment (?) n. An expedient. [Obs.]
A like expediment to remove discontent.
Barrow.
Ex*ped"i*tate (?), v. t. [LL. expeditatus, p. p. of expeditare to expeditate; ex out + pes, pedis, foot.] (Eng. Forest Laws) To deprive of the claws or the balls of the fore feet; as, to expeditate a dog that he may not chase deer.
Ex"pe*dite (?), a. [L. expeditus, p. p. of expedire to free one caught by the foot, to extricate, set free, bring forward, make ready; ex out + pes, prdis, t. See Foot.] 1. Free of impediment; unimpeded.
To make the way plain and expedite.
Hooker.
2. Expeditious; quick; speedily; prompt.
Nimble and expedite . . . in its operation.
Tollotson.
Speech is a very short and expedite way of conveying their thoughts.
Locke.
Ex"pe*dite, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expedited (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Expediting (?).] 1. To relieve of impediments; to facilitate; to accelerate the process or progress of; to hasten; to quicken; as, to expedite the growth of plants.
To expedite your glorious march.
Milton.
2. To despatch; to send forth; to issue officially.
Such charters be expedited of course.
Bacon.
Ex"pe*dite`ly (?), adv. In expedite manner; expeditiously.
Ex"pe*dite`ness, n. Quality of being expedite.
Ex`pe*di"tion (?), n. [L. expeditio: cf.F. expédition.] 1. The quality of being expedite; efficient promptness; haste; dispatch; speed; quickness; as to carry the mail with expedition.
With winged expedition
Swift as the lightning glance. &?;
2. A sending forth or setting forth the execution of some object of consequence; progress.
Putting it straight in expedition. &?;
3. An important enterprise, implying a change of place; especially, a warlike enterprise; a march or a voyage with martial intentions; an excursion by a body of persons for a valuable end; as, a military, naval, exploring, or scientific expedition; also, the body of persons making such excursion.
The expedition miserably failed.
Prescott.
Narrative of the exploring expedition to the Rocky Mountains.
J. C. Fremont.
Ex`pe*di"tion*a*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to an expedition; as, an expeditionary force.
Ex`pe*di"tion*ist, n. One who goes upon an expedition. [R].
Ex`pe*di"tious (?), a. Possessed of, or characterized by, expedition, or efficiency and rapidity in action; performed with, or acting with, expedition; quick; having celerity; speedily; as, an expeditious march or messenger. -- Ex`pe*di"tious*ly, adv. -- Ex`pe*di"tious*ness, n.
Syn. -- Prompt; ready; speedy; alert. See Prompt.
Ex*ped"i*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. expéditif.] Performing with speed. [Obs.] Bacon.
Ex*pel" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expelled (?), p. pr. & vb. n.. Expelling.] [L. expellere, expulsum; ex out + pellere to drive: cf.F. expeller. See Pulse a beat.] 1. To drive or force out from that within which anything is contained, inclosed, or situated; to eject; as, to expel air from a bellows.
Did not ye . . . expel me out of my father's house?
Judg. xi. 7.
2. To drive away from one's country; to banish.
Forewasted all their land, and them expelled.
Spenser..
He shall expel them from before you . . . and ye shall possess their land.
Josh. xxiii. 5.
3. To cut off from further connection with an institution of learning, a society, and the like; as, to expel a student or member.
4. To keep out, off, or away; to exclude. "To expel the winter's flaw." Shak.
5. To discharge; to shoot. [Obs.]
Then he another and another [shaft] did expel.
Spenser..
Syn. -- To banish; exile; eject; drive out. See Banish.
Ex*pel"la*ble (?), a. Capable of being expelled or driven out. "Expellable by heat." Kirwan.
Ex*pel"ler (?), n. One who, or that which, expels.
Ex*pend" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expended; p. pr. & vb. n. Expending.] [L. expendere, expensum, to weigh out, pay out, lay out, lay out; ex out + pendere to weigh. See Poise, and cf. Spend.] To lay out, apply, or employ in any way; to consume by use; to use up or distribute, either in payment or in donations; to spend; as, they expend money for food or in charity; to expend time labor, and thought; to expend hay in feeding cattle, oil in a lamp, water in mechanical operations.
If my death might make this island happy . . .
I would expend it with all willingness.
Shak.
Ex*pend", v. i. 1. To be laid out, used, or consumed.
2. To pay out or disburse money.
They go elsewhere to enjoy and to expend.
Macaulay.
Ex*pend"i*tor (?), n. [LL.] (O. Eng. Law) A disburser; especially, one of the disbursers of taxes for the repair of sewers. Mozley & W.
Ex*pend"iture (?), n. 1. The act of expending; a laying out, as of money; disbursement.
Our expenditure purchased commerce and conquest.
Burke.
2. That which is expended or paid out; expense.
The receipts and expenditures of this extensive country.
A. Hamilton.
Ex*pense" (?), n. [L. expensa (sc. pecunia), or expensum, fr. expensus, p. p. of expendere. See Expend.] 1. A spending or consuming; disbursement; expenditure.
Husband nature's riches from expense.
Shak.
2. That which is expended, laid out, or consumed; cost; outlay; charge; -- sometimes with the notion of loss or damage to those on whom the expense falls; as, the expenses of war; an expense of time.
Courting popularity at his party's expense.
Brougham.
3. Loss. [Obs.] Shak.
And moan the expense of many a vanished sight.
Spenser.
Expense magazine (Mil.), a small magazine containing ammunition for immediate use. H. L. Scott.
Ex*pense"full (?), a. Full of expense; costly; chargeable. [R.] Sir H. Wotton. -- Ex*pense"ful*ly, adv. [R.] -- Ex*pense"ful*ness, n. [R.]
Ex*pense"less, a. Without cost or expense.
Ex*pen"sive (?), a. 1. Occasioning expense; calling for liberal outlay; costly; dear; liberal; as, expensive dress; an expensive house or family.
War is expensive, and peace desirable.
Burke.
2. Free in expending; very liberal; especially, in a bad sense: extravagant; lavish. [R.]
An active, expensive, indefatigable goodness.
Sprat.
The idle and expensive are dangerous.
Sir W. Temple.
Syn. -- Costly; dear; high-priced; lavish; extravagant.
-- Ex*pen"sive*ly, adv. -- Ex*pen"sive*ness, n.
Ex*pe"ri*ence (?), n. [F. expérience, L. experientia, tr. experiens, -entis, p. pr. of experiri, expertus, to try; ex out + the root of pertus experienced. See Peril, and cf. Expert.] 1. Trial, as a test or experiment. [Obs.]
She caused him to make experience
Upon wild beasts.
Spenser.
2. The effect upon the judgment or feelings produced by any event, whether witnessed or participated in; personal and direct impressions as contrasted with description or fancies; personal acquaintance; actual enjoyment or suffering. "Guided by other's experiences." Shak.
I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided, and that is the lamp of experience.
P. Henry
To most men experience is like the stern lights of a ship, which illumine only the track it has passed.
Coleridge.
When the consuls . . . came in . . . they knew soon by experience how slenderly guarded against danger the majesty of rulers is where force is wanting.
Holland.
Those that undertook the religion of our Savior upon his preaching, had no experience of it.
Sharp.
3. An act of knowledge, one or more, by which single facts or general truths are ascertained; experimental or inductive knowledge; hence, implying skill, facility, or practical wisdom gained by personal knowledge, feeling or action; as, a king without experience of war.
Whence hath the mind all the materials of reason and knowledge? To this I answer in one word, from experience.
Locke.
Experience may be acquired in two ways; either, first by noticing facts without any attempt to influence the frequency of their occurrence or to vary the circumstances under which they occur; this is observation; or, secondly, by putting in action causes or agents over which we have control, and purposely varying their combinations, and noticing what effects take place; this is experiment.
Sir J. Herschel.
Ex*pe"ri*ence, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Experienced (-enst); p. pr. & vb. n. Experiencing (-en-s?ng).] 1. To make practical acquaintance with; to try personally; to prove by use or trial; to have trial of; to have the lot or fortune of; to have befall one; to be affected by; to feel; as, to experience pain or pleasure; to experience poverty; to experience a change of views.
The partial failure and disappointment which he had experienced in India.
Thirwall.
2. To exercise; to train by practice.
The youthful sailors thus with early care
Their arms experience, and for sea prepare.
Harte.
To experience religion (Theol.), to become a convert to the doctrines of Christianity; to yield to the power of religious truth.
Ex*pe"ri*enced (-enst), p. p. & a. Taught by practice or by repeated observations; skillful or wise by means of trials, use, or observation; as, an experienced physician, workman, soldier; an experienced eye.
The ablest and most experienced statesmen.
Bancroft.
Ex*pe"ri*en*cer (-en-s?r), n. 1. One who experiences.
2. An experimenter. [Obs.] Sir. K. Gigby.
Ex*pe"ri*ent (-ent), a. Experienced. [Obs.]
The prince now ripe and full experient.
Beau. & Fl.
Ex*pe`ri*en"tial (?), a. Derived from, or pertaining to, experience. Coleridge.
It is called empirical or experiential . . . because it is divan to us by experience or observation, and not obtained as the result of inference or reasoning.
Sir. W. Hamiltion.
-- Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*ly, adv. DR. H. More.
Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*ism (?), n. (Philos.) The doctrine that experience, either that ourselves or of others, is the test or criterion of general knowledge; -- opposed to intuitionalism.
Experientialism is in short, a philosophical or logical theory, not a psychological one.
G. C. Robertson.
Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*ist, n. One who accepts the doctrine of experientialism. Also used adjectively.
Ex*per"i*ment (?), n. [L. experimentum, fr. experiri to try: cf. OF. esperiment, experiment. See Experience.] 1. A trial or special observation, made to confirm or disprove something doubtful; esp., one under conditions determined by the experimenter; an act or operation undertaken in order to discover some unknown principle or effect, or to test, establish, or illustrate some suggested or known truth; practical test; proof.
A political experiment can not be made in a laboratory, nor determined in a few hours.
J. Adams.
2. Experience. [Obs.]
Adam, by sad experiment I know
How little weight my words with thee can find.
Milton.
Ex*per"i*ment (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Experimented; p. pr. & vb. n. Experinenting.] To make experiment; to operate by test or trial; -- often with on, upon, or in, referring to the subject of an experiment; with, referring to the instrument; and by, referring to the means; as, to experiment upon electricity; he experimented in plowing with ponies, or by steam power.
Ex*per"i*ment, v. t. To try; to know, perceive, or prove, by trial or experience. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
Ex*per`i*men"tal (?), a. [Cf.F. expérimental.] 1. Pertaining to experiment; founded on, or derived from, experiment or trial; as, experimental science; given to, or skilled in, experiment; as, an experimental philosopher.
2. Known by, or derived from, experience; as, experimental religion.
Ex*per`i*men"tal*ist, n. One who makes experiments; an experimenter. Whaterly.
Ex*per`i*men"tal*ize (?), v. i. To make experiments (upon); to experiment. J. S. Mill.
Ex*per`i*men"tal*ly (?), adv. By experiment; by experience or trial. J. S. Mill.
Ex*per`i*men*ta"ri*an (?), a. Relying on experiment or experience. "an experimentarian philosopher." Boyle. -- n. One who relies on experiment or experience. [Obs.]
Ex*per`i*men*ta"tion (?), n. The act of experimenting; practice by experiment. J. S. Mill.
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Ex*per`i*men"ta*tive (?), a. Experimental; of the nature of experiment. [R.]
Ex*per"i*men*ta`tor (?), n. [LL.] An experimenter. [R.]
Ex*per"i*men`ter (?), n. One who makes experiments; one skilled in experiments. Faraday.
Ex*per"i*men`tist (?), n. An experimenter.
Ex`per*rec"tion (?), n. [L. expergisci, p. p. experrectus, to rouse up; ex out + pergere to wake up.] A waking up or arousing. [Obs.] Holland
Ex*pert" (?), a. [F. expert, L. expertus, p. p. of experiri to try. See Experience.] Taught by use, practice, or experience, experienced; having facility of operation or performance from practice; knowing and ready from much practice; clever; skillful; as, an expert surgeon; expert in chess or archery.
A valiant and most expert gentleman.
Shak.
What practice, howsoe'er expert
In fitting aptest words to things . . .
Hath power to give thee as thou wert?
Tennyson.
Syn. -- Adroit; dexterous; clever; ready; prompt.
Ex"pert (?), n. 1. An expert or experienced person; one instructed by experience; one who has skill, experience, or extensive knowledge in his calling or in any special branch of learning.
2. (Law) (a) A specialist in a particular profession or department of science requiring for its mastery peculiar culture and erudition.
Such specialists may be witnesses in matters as to which ordinary observers could not without such aid form just conclusions, and are liable for negligence in case they injure another from want of proper qualifications or proper care in the exercise of their specialty.
(b) A sworn appraiser.
Ex*pert" (?), v. t. To experience. [Obs.]
Die would we daily, once it to expert.
Spencer.
Ex*pert"ly, adv. In a skillful or dexterous manner; adroitly; with readiness and accuracy.
Ex*pert"ness, n. Skill derived from practice; readiness; as, expertness in seamanship, or in reasoning.
Syn. -- Facility; readiness; dexterity; adroitness; skill. See Facility.
Ex*pet"ible (?), a. [L., expetibilis, fr. expetere to wish for; ex out + petere to seek.] Worthy of being wished for; desirable. [Obs.] Puller.
Ex"pi*a*ble (?), a. [See Expiate.] Capable of being expiated or atoned for; as, an expiable offense; expiable guilt. Bp. Hall.
Ex"pi*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expiated(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Expiating(?).] [L. expiatus, p. p. of expiare to expiate; ex out + piare to seek to appease, to purify with sacred rites, fr. pius pious. See Pious.] 1. To extinguish the guilt of by sufferance of penalty or some equivalent; to make complete satisfaction for; to atone for; to make amends for; to make expiation for; as, to expiate a crime, a guilt, or sin.
To expiate his treason, hath naught left.
Milton.
The Treasurer obliged himself to expiate the injury.
Clarendon.
2. To purify with sacred rites. [Obs.]
Neither let there be found among you any one that shall expiate his son or daughter, making them to pass through the fire.
Deut. xviii. 10 (Douay version)
Ex"pi*ate (?), a. [L. expiatus,p. p] Terminated. [Obs.] Shak.