Owen.
3. To advance; to further; to prefect; to make to increase; to promote the growth of.
We must develop our own resources to the utmost.
Jowett (Thucyd).
4. (Math.) To change the form of, as of an algebraic expression, by executing certain indicated operations without changing the value.
5. (Photog.) To cause to become visible, as an invisible or latent image upon plate, by submitting it to chemical agents; to bring to view.
To develop a curved surface on a plane (Geom.), to produce on the plane an equivalent surface, as if by rolling the curved surface so that all parts shall successively touch the plane.
Syn. -- To uncover; unfold; evolve; promote; project; lay open; disclose; exhibit; unravel; disentangle.
De*vel"op (?), v. i. 1. To go through a process of natural evolution or growth, by successive changes from a less perfect to a more perfect or more highly organized state; to advance from a simpler form of existence to one more complex either in structure or function; as, a blossom develops from a bud; the seed develops into a plant; the embryo develops into a well-formed animal; the mind develops year by year.
Nor poets enough to understand
That life develops from within.
Mrs. Browning.
2. To become apparent gradually; as, a picture on sensitive paper develops on the application of heat; the plans of the conspirators develop.
De*vel"op*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being developed. J. Peile.
Developable surface (Math.), a surface described by a moving right line, and such that consecutive positions of the generator intersect each other. Hence, the surface can be developed into a plane.
De*vel"op*er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, develops.
2. (Photog.) A reagent by the action of which the latent image upon a photographic plate, after exposure in the camera, or otherwise, is developed and visible.
De*vel"op*ment (?), n. [Cf. F. développement.] [Written also developement.] 1. The act of developing or disclosing that which is unknown; a gradual unfolding process by which anything is developed, as a plan or method, or an image upon a photographic plate; gradual advancement or growth through a series of progressive changes; also, the result of developing, or a developed state.
A new development of imagination, taste, and poetry.
Channing.
2. (Biol.) The series of changes which animal and vegetable organisms undergo in their passage from the embryonic state to maturity, from a lower to a higher state of organization.
3. (Math.) (a) The act or process of changing or expanding an expression into another of equivalent value or meaning. (b) The equivalent expression into which another has been developed.
4. (mus.) The elaboration of a theme or subject; the unfolding of a musical idea; the evolution of a whole piece or movement from a leading theme or motive.
Development theory (Biol.), the doctrine that animals and plants possess the power of passing by slow and successive stages from a lower to a higher state of organization, and that all the higher forms of life now in existence were thus developed by uniform laws from lower forms, and are not the result of special creative acts. See the Note under Darwinian.
Syn. -- Unfolding; disclosure; unraveling; evolution; elaboration; growth.
De*vel`op*men"tal (?), a. Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the process of development; as, the developmental power of a germ. Carpenter.
Dev`e*nus"tate (?), v. t. [L. devenustatus, p. p. of devenustare to disfigure; de + venustus lovely, graceful.] To deprive of beauty or grace. [Obs.]
{ De*ver"gence (?), De*ver"gen*cy (?), } n. See Divergence. [Obs.]
De*vest" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Devested; p. pr. & vb. n. Devesting.] [L. devestire to undress; de + vestire to dress: cf. OF. devestir, F. dévêtir. Cf. Divest.] 1. To divest; to undress. Shak.
2. To take away, as an authority, title, etc., to deprive; to alienate, as an estate.
This word is now generally written divest, except in the legal sense.
De*vest", v. i. (Law) To be taken away, lost, or alienated, as a title or an estate.
De*vex" (?), a. [L. devexus, from devehere to carry down.] Bending down; sloping. [Obs.]
De*vex", n. Devexity. [Obs.] May (Lucan).
De*vex"i*ty (?), n. [L. devexitas, fr. devexus. See Devex, a.] A bending downward; a sloping; incurvation downward; declivity. [R.] Davies (Wit's Pilgr.)
||De"vi (?), n.; fem. of Deva. A goddess.
De"vi*ant (?), a. Deviating. [Obs.]
De"vi*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Deviated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Deviating (?).] [L. deviare to deviate; de + viare to go, travel, via way. See Viaduct.] To go out of the way; to turn aside from a course or a method; to stray or go astray; to err; to digress; to diverge; to vary.
Thus Pegasus, a nearer way to take,
May boldly deviate from the common track.
Pope.
Syn. -- To swerve; stray; wander; digress; depart; deflect; err.
De"vi*ate, v. t. To cause to deviate. [R.]
To deviate a needle.
J. D. Forbes.
De`vi*a"tion (?), n. [LL. deviatio: cf. F. déviation.] 1. The act of deviating; a wandering from the way; variation from the common way, from an established rule, etc.; departure, as from the right course or the path of duty.
2. The state or result of having deviated; a transgression; an act of sin; an error; an offense.
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2. (Com.) The voluntary and unnecessary departure of a ship from, or delay in, the regular and usual course of the specific voyage insured, thus releasing the underwriters from their responsibility.
Deviation of a falling body (Physics), that deviation from a strictly vertical line of descent which occurs in a body falling freely, in consequence of the rotation of the earth. -- Deviation of the compass, the angle which the needle of a ship's compass makes with the magnetic meridian by reason of the magnetism of the iron parts of the ship. -- Deviation of the line of the vertical, the difference between the actual direction of a plumb line and the direction it would have if the earth were a perfect ellipsoid and homogeneous, -- caused by the attraction of a mountain, or irregularities in the earth's density.
De"vi*a`tor (?), n. [L., a forsaker.] One who, or that which, deviates.
De"vi*a*to*ry (?), a. Tending to deviate; devious; as, deviatory motion. [R.] Tully.
De*vice" (?), n. [OE. devis, devise, will, intention, opinion, invention, fr. F. devis architect's plan and estimates (in OF., division, plan, wish), devise device (in sense 3), in OF. also, division, wish, last will, fr. deviser. See Devise, v. t., and cf. Devise, n.] 1. That which is devised, or formed by design; a contrivance; an invention; a project; a scheme; often, a scheme to deceive; a stratagem; an artifice.
His device in against Babylon, to destroy it.
Jer. li. 11.
Their recent device of demanding benevolences.
Hallam.
He disappointeth the devices of the crafty.
Job v. 12.
2. Power of devising; invention; contrivance.
I must have instruments of my own device.
Landor.
3. (a) An emblematic design, generally consisting of one or more figures with a motto, used apart from heraldic bearings to denote the historical situation, the ambition, or the desire of the person adopting it. See Cognizance. (b) Improperly, an heraldic bearing.
Knights-errant used to distinguish themselves by devices on their shields.
Addison.
A banner with this strange device -
Excelsior.
Longfellow.
4. Anything fancifully conceived. Shak.
5. A spectacle or show. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
6. Opinion; decision. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
Syn. -- Contrivance; invention; design; scheme; project; stratagem; shift. -- Device, Contrivance. Device implies more of inventive power, and contrivance more of skill and dexterity in execution. A device usually has reference to something worked out for exhibition or show; a contrivance usually respects the arrangement or disposition of things with reference to securing some end. Devices were worn by knights-errant on their shields; contrivances are generally used to promote the practical convenience of life. The word device is often used in a bad sense; as, a crafty device; contrivance is almost always used in a good sense; as, a useful contrivance.
De*vice"ful (?), a. Full of devices; inventive. [R.]
A carpet, rich, and of deviceful thread.
Chapman.
De*vice"ful*ly, adv. In a deviceful manner. [R.]
Dev"il (?), n. [AS. deófol, deóful; akin to G. &?;eufel, Goth. diabaúlus; all fr. L. diabolus the devil, Gr. &?; the devil, the slanderer, fr. &?; to slander, calumniate, orig., to throw across; &?; across + &?; to throw, let fall, fall; cf. Skr. gal to fall. Cf. Diabolic.] 1. The Evil One; Satan, represented as the tempter and spiritual of mankind.
[Jesus] being forty days tempted of the devil.
Luke iv. 2.
That old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world.
Rev. xii. 9.
2. An evil spirit; a demon.
A dumb man possessed with a devil.
Matt. ix. 32.
3. A very wicked person; hence, any great evil. "That devil Glendower." "The devil drunkenness." Shak.
Have not I chosen you twelve, and one of you is a devil?
John vi. 70.
4. An expletive of surprise, vexation, or emphasis, or, ironically, of negation. [Low]
The devil a puritan that he is, . . . but a timepleaser.
Shak.
The things, we know, are neither rich nor rare,
But wonder how the devil they got there.
Pope.
5. (Cookery) A dish, as a bone with the meat, broiled and excessively peppered; a grill with Cayenne pepper.
Men and women busy in baking, broiling, roasting oysters, and preparing devils on the gridiron.
Sir W. Scott.
6. (Manuf.) A machine for tearing or cutting rags, cotton, etc.
Blue devils. See under Blue. -- Cartesian devil. See under Cartesian. -- Devil bird (Zoöl.), one of two or more South African drongo shrikes (Edolius retifer, and E. remifer), believed by the natives to be connected with sorcery. -- Devil may care, reckless, defiant of authority; -- used adjectively. Longfellow. -- Devil's apron (Bot.), the large kelp (Laminaria saccharina, and L. longicruris) of the Atlantic ocean, having a blackish, leathery expansion, shaped somewhat like an apron. -- Devil's coachhorse. (Zoöl.) (a) The black rove beetle (Ocypus olens). [Eng.] (b) A large, predacious, hemipterous insect (Prionotus cristatus); the wheel bug. [U.S.] -- Devil's darning-needle. (Zoöl.) See under Darn, v. t. -- Devil's fingers, Devil's hand (Zoöl.), the common British starfish (Asterias rubens); -- also applied to a sponge with stout branches. [Prov. Eng., Irish & Scot.] -- Devil's riding-horse (Zoöl.), the American mantis (Mantis Carolina). -- The Devil's tattoo, a drumming with the fingers or feet. "Jack played the Devil's tattoo on the door with his boot heels." F. Hardman (Blackw. Mag.). -- Devil worship, worship of the power of evil; -- still practiced by barbarians who believe that the good and evil forces of nature are of equal power. -- Printer's devil, the youngest apprentice in a printing office, who runs on errands, does dirty work (as washing the ink rollers and sweeping), etc. "Without fearing the printer's devil or the sheriff's officer." Macaulay. -- Tasmanian devil (Zoöl.), a very savage carnivorous marsupial of Tasmania (Dasyurus, or Diabolus, ursinus). -- To play devil with, to molest extremely; to ruin. [Low]
Dev"il (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deviled (?) or Devilled; p. pr. & vb. n. Deviling (?) or Devilling.] 1. To make like a devil; to invest with the character of a devil.
2. To grill with Cayenne pepper; to season highly in cooking, as with pepper.
A deviled leg of turkey.
W. Irving.
Dev"il-div`er (?), Dev"il bird` (&?;), n.. (Zoöl.) A small water bird. See Dabchick.
Dev"il*ess (?), n. A she- devil. [R.] Sterne.
Dev"il*et (?), n. A little devil. [R.] Barham.
Dev"il*fish` (?), n. (Zoöl.) (a) A huge ray (Manta birostris or Cephaloptera vampyrus) of the Gulf of Mexico and Southern Atlantic coasts. Several other related species take the same name. See Cephaloptera. (b) A large cephalopod, especially the very large species of Octopus and Architeuthis. See Octopus. (c) The gray whale of the Pacific coast. See Gray whale. (d) The goosefish or angler (Lophius), and other allied fishes. See Angler.
Dev"il*ing, n. A young devil. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Dev"il*ish, a. 1. Resembling, characteristic of, or pertaining to, the devil; diabolical; wicked in the extreme. "Devilish wickedness." Sir P. Sidney.
This wisdom descendeth not from above, but is earthly, sensual, devilish.
James iii. 15.
2. Extreme; excessive. [Colloq.] Dryden.
Syn. -- Diabolical; infernal; hellish; satanic; wicked; malicious; detestable; destructive.
-- Dev"il*ish*ly, adv. -- Dev"il*ish*ness, n.
Dev"il*ism (?), n. The state of the devil or of devils; doctrine of the devil or of devils. Bp. Hall.
Dev"il*ize (?), v. t. To make a devil of. [R.]
He that should deify a saint, should wrong him as much as he that should devilize him.
Bp. Hall.
Dev"il*kin (?), n. A little devil; a devilet.
Dev"il*ment (?), n. Deviltry. Bp. Warburton.
Dev"il*ry (?), n.; pl. Devilries (&?;). 1. Conduct suitable to the devil; extreme wickedness; deviltry.
Stark lies and devilry.
Sir T. More.
2. The whole body of evil spirits. Tylor.
Dev"il's darn"ing-nee`dle. (Zoöl.) A dragon fly. See Darning needle, under Darn, v. t.
Dev"il*ship, n. The character or person of a devil or the devil. Cowley.
Dev"il*try (?), n.; pl. Deviltries (&?;). Diabolical conduct; malignant mischief; devilry. C. Reade.
Dev"il*wood` (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of tree (Osmanthus Americanus), allied to the European olive.
De"vi*ous (?), a. [L. devius; de + via way. See Viaduct.] 1. Out of a straight line; winding; varying from directness; as, a devious path or way.
2. Going out of the right or common course; going astray; erring; wandering; as, a devious step.
Syn. -- Wandering; roving; rambling; vagrant.
-- De"vi*ous*ly, adv. -- De"vi*ous*ness, n.
De*vir"gin*ate (?), a. [L. devirginatus, p. p. of devirginare.] Deprived of virginity. [R.]
De*vir"gin*ate (?), v. t. To deprive of virginity; to deflour. [R.] Sandys.
De*vir`gi*na"tion (?), n. [L. devirginatio.] A deflouring. [R.] Feltham.
De*vis"a*ble (?), a. [From Devise.] 1. Capable of being devised, invented, or contrived.
2. Capable of being bequeathed, or given by will.
De*vis"al (?), n. A devising. Whitney.
De*vise" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Devised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Devising.] [OF. deviser to distribute, regulate, direct, relate, F., to chat, fr. L. divisus divided, distributed, p. p. of dividere. See Divide, and cf. Device.] 1. To form in the mind by new combinations of ideas, new applications of principles, or new arrangement of parts; to formulate by thought; to contrive; to excogitate; to invent; to plan; to scheme; as, to devise an engine, a new mode of writing, a plan of defense, or an argument.
To devise curious works.
Ex. CCTV. 32.
Devising schemes to realize his ambitious views.
Bancroft.
2. To plan or scheme for; to purpose to obtain.
For wisdom is most riches; fools therefore
They are which fortunes do by vows devise.
Spenser.
3. To say; to relate; to describe. [Obs.] Chaucer.
4. To imagine; to guess. [Obs.] Spenser.
5. (Law) To give by will; -- used of real estate; formerly, also, of chattels.
Syn. -- To bequeath; invent; discover; contrive; excogitate; imagine; plan; scheme. See Bequeath.
De*vise", v. i. To form a scheme; to lay a plan; to contrive; to consider.
I thought, devised, and Pallas heard my prayer.
Pope.
Devise was formerly followed by of; as, let us devise of ease. Spenser.
De*vise" (?), n. [OF. devise division, deliberation, wish, will, testament. See Device.] 1. The act of giving or disposing of real estate by will; -- sometimes improperly applied to a bequest of personal estate.
2. A will or testament, conveying real estate; the clause of a will making a gift of real property.
Fines upon devises were still exacted.
Bancroft.
3. Property devised, or given by will.
De*vise" (?), n. Device. See Device. [Obs.]
Dev`i*see" (?), n. (Law) One to whom a devise is made, or real estate given by will.
De*vis"er (?), n. One who devises.
De*vis"or (?), n. (Law) One who devises, or gives real estate by will; a testator; -- correlative to devisee.
Dev"i*ta*ble (?), a. [L. devitare to avoid; de + vitare to shun, avoid.] Avoidable. [Obs.]
De*vi"tal*ize (?), v. t. To deprive of life or vitality. -- De*vi`tal*i*za"tion (#), n.
Dev`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. devitatio.] An avoiding or escaping; also, a warning. [Obs.] Bailey.
De*vit`ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. The act or process of devitrifying, or the state of being devitrified. Specifically, the conversion of molten glassy matter into a stony mass by slow cooling, the result being the formation of crystallites, microbites, etc., in the glassy base, which are then called devitrification products.
De*vit"ri*fy (?), v. t. To deprive of glasslike character; to take away vitreous luster and transparency from.
De*vo"cal*ize (?), v. t. To make toneless; to deprive of vowel quality. -- De*vo`cal*i*za"tion, n.
If we take a high vowel, such as (i) [= nearly i of bit], and devocalize it, we obtain a hiss which is quite distinct enough to stand for a weak (jh).
H. Sweet.
Dev`o*ca"tion (?), n. [L. devocare to call off or away; de + vocare to call.] A calling off or away. [R.] Hallywell.
De*void" (?), v. t. [OE. devoiden to leave, OF. desvuidier, desvoidier, to empty out. See Void.] To empty out; to remove.
De*void", a. [See Devoid, v. t.] 1. Void; empty; vacant. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. Destitute; not in possession; -- with of; as, devoid of sense; devoid of pity or of pride.
||De*voir" (?), n. [F., fr. L. debere to owe. See Due.] Duty; service owed; hence, due act of civility or respect; -- now usually in the plural; as, they paid their devoirs to the ladies. "Do now your devoid, young knights!" Chaucer.
Dev"o*lute (?), v. t. [L. devolutus, p. p. of devolvere. See Devolve.] To devolve. [Obs.] Foxe.
Dev`o*lu"tion (?), n. [LL. devolutio: cf. F. dévolution.] 1. The act of rolling down. [R.]
The devolution of earth down upon the valleys.
Woodward.
2. Transference from one person to another; a passing or devolving upon a successor.
The devolution of the crown through a . . . channel known and conformable to old constitutional requisitions.
De Quincey.
De*volve" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Devolved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Devolving.] [L. devolvere, devolutum, to roll down; de + volvere to roll down; de + volvere to roll. See Voluble.] 1. To roll onward or downward; to pass on.
Every headlong stream
Devolves its winding waters to the main.
Akenside.
Devolved his rounded periods.
Tennyson.
2. To transfer from one person to another; to deliver over; to hand down; -- generally with upon, sometimes with to or into.
They devolved a considerable share of their power upon their favorite.
Burke.
They devolved their whole authority into the hands of the council of sixty.
Addison.
De*volve", v. i. To pass by transmission or succession; to be handed over or down; -- generally with on or upon, sometimes with to or into; as, after the general fell, the command devolved upon (or on) the next officer in rank.
His estate . . . devolved to Lord Somerville.
Johnson.
De*volve"ment (?), n. The act or process of devolving;; devolution.
De"von (?), n. One of a breed of hardy cattle originating in the country of Devon, England. Those of pure blood have a deep red color. The small, longhorned variety, called North Devons, is distinguished by the superiority of its working oxen.
De*vo"ni*an (?), a. (Geol.) Of or pertaining to Devon or Devonshire in England; as, the Devonian rocks, period, or system.
Devonian age (Geol.), the age next older than the Carboniferous and later than the Silurian; -- called also the Age of fishes. The various strata of this age compose the Devonian formation or system, and include the old red sandstone of Great Britain. They contain, besides plants and numerous invertebrates, the bony portions of many large and remarkable fishes of extinct groups. See the Diagram under Geology.
De*vo"ni*an, n. The Devonian age or formation.
Dev`o*ra"tion (?), n. [L. devoratio. See Devour.] The act of devouring. [Obs.] Holinshed.
De*vo"ta*ry (?), n. [See Devote, Votary.] A votary. [Obs.] J. Gregory.
De*vote" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Devoted; p. pr. & vb. n. Devoting.] [L. devotus, p. p. of devovere; de + vovere to vow. See Vow, and cf. Devout, Devow.] 1. To appropriate by vow; to set apart or dedicate by a solemn act; to consecrate; also, to consign over; to doom; to evil; to devote one to destruction; the city was devoted to the flames.
No devoted thing that a man shall devote unto the Lord . . . shall be sold or redeemed.
Lev. xxvii. 28.
2. To execrate; to curse. [Obs.]
3. To give up wholly; to addict; to direct the attention of wholly or compound; to attach; -- often with a reflexive pronoun; as, to devote one's self to science, to one's friends, to piety, etc.
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Thy servant who is devoted to thy fear.
Ps. cxix. 38.
They devoted themselves unto all wickedness.
Grew.
A leafless and simple branch . . . devoted to the purpose of climbing.
Gray.
Syn. -- To addict; apply; dedicate; consecrate; resign; destine; doom; consign. See Addict.
De*vote" (?), a. [L. devotus, p. p.] Devoted; addicted; devout. [Obs.] Milton.
De*vote", n. A devotee. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.
De*vot"ed, a. Consecrated to a purpose; strongly attached; zealous; devout; as, a devoted admirer. -- De*vot"ed*ly, adv. -- De*vot"ed*ness, n.
Dev`o*tee" (?), n. One who is wholly devoted; esp., one given wholly to religion; one who is superstitiously given to religious duties and ceremonies; a bigot.
While Father Le Blanc was very devout he was not a devotee.
A. S. Hardy.
De*vote"ment (?), n. The state of being devoted, or set apart by a vow. [R.] Bp. Hurd.
De*vot"er (?), n. One who devotes; a worshiper.
De*vo"tion (?), n. [F. dévotion, L. devotio.] 1. The act of devoting; consecration.
2. The state of being devoted; addiction; eager inclination; strong attachment love or affection; zeal; especially, feelings toward God appropriately expressed by acts of worship; devoutness.
Genius animated by a fervent spirit of devotion.
Macaulay.
3. Act of devotedness or devoutness; manifestation of strong attachment; act of worship; prayer. "The love of public devotion." Hooker.
4. Disposal; power of disposal. [Obs.]
They are entirely at our devotion, and may be turned backward and forward, as we please.
Godwin.
5. A thing consecrated; an object of devotion. [R.]
Churches and altars, priests and all devotions,
Tumbled together into rude chaos.
Beau. & Fl.
Days of devotion. See under Day.
Syn. -- Consecration; devoutness; religiousness; piety; attachment; devotedness; ardor; earnestness.
De*vo"tion*al (?), a. [L. devotionalis.] Pertaining to, suited to, or used in, devotion; as, a devotional posture; devotional exercises; a devotional frame of mind.
{ De*vo"tion*al*ist, De*vo"tion*ist, } n. One given to devotion, esp. to excessive formal devotion.
De*vo`tion*al"i*ty (?), n. The practice of a devotionalist. A. H. Clough.
De*vo"tion*al*ly (?), adv. In a devotional manner; toward devotion.
||De*vo"to (?), n. [It.] A devotee. Dr. J. Scott.
De*vo"tor (?), n. [L.] A worshiper; one given to devotion. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
De*vour" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Devoured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Devouring.] [F. dévorer, fr. L. devorare; de + vorare to eat greedily, swallow up. See Voracious.] 1. To eat up with greediness; to consume ravenously; to feast upon like a wild beast or a glutton; to prey upon.
Some evil beast hath devoured him.
Gen. xxxvii. 20.
2. To seize upon and destroy or appropriate greedily, selfishly, or wantonly; to consume; to swallow up; to use up; to waste; to annihilate.
Famine and pestilence shall devour him.
Ezek. vii. 15.
I waste my life and do my days devour.
Spenser.
3. To enjoy with avidity; to appropriate or take in eagerly by the senses.
Longing they look, and gaping at the sight,
Devour her o'er with vast delight.
Dryden.
Syn. -- To consume; waste; destroy; annihilate.
De*vour"a*ble (?), a. That may be devoured.
De*vour"er (?), n. One who, or that which, devours.
De*vour"ing*ly, adv. In a devouring manner.
De*vout" (?), a. [OE. devot, devout, F. dévot, from L. devotus devoted, p. p. of devovere. See Devote, v. t.] 1. Devoted to religion or to religious feelings and duties; absorbed in religious exercises; given to devotion; pious; reverent; religious.
A devout man, and one that feared God.
Acts x. 2.
We must be constant and devout in the worship of God.
Rogers.
2. Expressing devotion or piety; as, eyes devout; sighs devout; a devout posture. Milton.
3. Warmly devoted; hearty; sincere; earnest; as, devout wishes for one's welfare.
The devout, devoutly religious persons, those who are sincerely pious.
Syn. -- Holy; pure; religious; prayerful; pious; earnest; reverent; solemn; sincere.
De*vout", n. 1. A devotee. [Obs.] Sheldon.
2. A devotional composition, or part of a composition; devotion. [Obs.] Milton.
De*vout"ful (?), a. 1. Full of devotion. [R.]
2. Sacred. [R.]
To take her from austerer check of parents,
To make her his by most devoutful rights.
Marston.
De*vout"less, a. Destitute of devotion. -- De*vout"less*ly, adv. - - De*vout"less*ness, n.
De*vout"ly, adv. 1. In a devout and reverent manner; with devout emotions; piously.
Cast her fair eyes to heaven and prayed devoutly.
Shak.
2. Sincerely; solemnly; earnestly.
'T is a consummation
Devoutly to be wished.
Shak.
De*vout"ness, n. Quality or state of being devout.
De*vove" (?), v. t. [See Devote, v. t.] To devote. [Obs.] Cowley.
De*vow" (?), v. t. [F. dévouer, L. devovere. See Devote, v. t.] 1. To give up; to devote. [Obs.]
2. [Cf. OF. desvoer. Cf. Disavow.] To disavow; to disclaim. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
De*vul"gar*ize (?), v. t. To free from what is vulgar, common, or narrow.
Shakespeare and Plutarch's "Lives" are very devulgarizing books.
E. A. Abbott.
Dew (d), n. [AS. deáw; akin to D. dauw, G. thau, tau, Icel. dögg, Sw. dagg, Dan. dug; cf. Skr. dhav, dhv, to flow. √72. Cf. Dag dew.] 1. Moisture from the atmosphere condensed by cool bodies upon their surfaces, particularly at night.
Her tears fell with the dews at even.
Tennyson.
2. Figuratively, anything which falls lightly and in a refreshing manner. "The golden dew of sleep." Shak.
3. An emblem of morning, or fresh vigor. "The dew of his youth." Longfellow.
Dew is used in combination; as, dew- bespangled, dew-drenched, dewdrop, etc.
Dew, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dewed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dewing.] To wet with dew or as with dew; to bedew; to moisten; as with dew.
The grasses grew
A little ranker since they dewed them so.
A. B. Saxton.
Dew, a. & n. Same as Due, or Duty. [Obs.] Spenser.
Dew"ber`ry (?), n. (Bot.) (a) The fruit of certain species of bramble (Rubus); in England, the fruit of R. cæsius, which has a glaucous bloom; in America, that of R. canadensis and R. hispidus, species of low blackberries. (b) The plant which bears the fruit.
Feed him with apricots and dewberries.
Shak.
Dew"claw` (?), n. In any animal, esp. of the Herbivora, a rudimentary claw or small hoof not reaching the ground.
Some cut off the dewclaws [of greyhounds].
J. H. Walsh.
Dew"drop` (?), n. A drop of dew. Shak.
Dew"fall` (?), n. The falling of dew; the time when dew begins to fall.
Dew"i*ness (?), n. State of being dewy.
Dew"lap` (?), n. [Dew + lap to lick.] 1. The pendulous skin under the neck of an ox, which laps or licks the dew in grazing.
2. The flesh upon the human throat, especially when with age. [Burlesque]
On her withered dewlap pour the ale.
Shak.
Dew"lapped` (?), a. Furnished with a dewlap.
Dew"less, a. Having no dew. Tennyson.
Dew"-point` (?), n. (Meteor.) The temperature at which dew begins to form. It varies with the humidity and temperature of the atmosphere.
Dew"ret` (?), v. t. [Dew + ret, v. t.] To ret or rot by the process called dewretting.
Dew"ret`ting, n. Dewrotting; the process of decomposing the gummy matter of flax and hemp and setting the fibrous part, by exposure on a sward to dew, rain, and sunshine.
Dew"rot` (?), v. t. To rot, as flax or hemp, by exposure to rain, dew, and sun. See Dewretting.
Dew"worm` (?), n. (Zoöl.) See Earthworm.
Dew"y (?), a. 1. Pertaining to dew; resembling, consisting of, or moist with, dew.
A dewy mist
Went and watered all the ground.
Milton.
When dewy eve her curtain draws.
Keble.
2. Falling gently and beneficently, like the dew.
Dewy sleep ambrosial.
Cowper.
3. (Bot.) Resembling a dew-covered surface; appearing as if covered with dew.
Dex"ter (?), a. [L.,; akin to Gr. &?;, &?;, Skr. dakshi&?;a (cf. daksh to be strong, suit); Goth. taihswa, OHG. zeso. Cf. Dexterous.] 1. Pertaining to, or situated on, the right hand; right, as opposed to sinister, or left.
On sounding wings a dexter eagle flew.
Pope.
2. (Her.) On the right-hand side of a shield, i. e., towards the right hand of its wearer. To a spectator in front, as in a pictorial representation, this would be the left side.
Dexter chief, or Dexter point (Her.), a point in the dexter upper corner of the shield, being in the dexter extremity of the chief, as A in the cut. -- Dexter base, a point in the dexter lower part or base of the shield, as B in the cut.
Dex*ter"i*cal (?), a. Dexterous. [Obs.]
Dex*ter"i*ty (?), n. [L. dexteritas, fr. dexter: cf. F. dextérité. See Dexter.] 1. Right-handedness.
2. Readiness and grace in physical activity; skill and ease in using the hands; expertness in manual acts; as, dexterity with the chisel.
In youth quick bearing and dexterity.
Shak.
3. Readiness in the use or control of the mental powers; quickness and skill in managing any complicated or difficult affair; adroitness.
His wisdom . . . was turned . . . into a dexterity to deliver himself.
Bacon.
He had conducted his own defense with singular boldness and dexterity.
Hallam.
Syn. -- Adroitness; activity; nimbleness; expertness; skill; cleverness; art; ability; address; tact; facility; aptness; aptitude; faculty. See Skill.
Dex"ter*ous (?), a. [L. dexter. See Dexter.] [Written also dextrous.] 1. Ready and expert in the use of the body and limbs; skillful and active with the hands; handy; ready; as, a dexterous hand; a dexterous workman.
2. Skillful in contrivance; quick at inventing expedients; expert; as, a dexterous manager.
Dexterous the craving, fawning crowd to quit.
Pope.
3. Done with dexterity; skillful; artful; as, dexterous management. "Dexterous sleights of hand." Trench.
Syn. -- Adroit; active; expert; skillful; clever; able; ready; apt; handy; versed.
Dex"ter*ous*ly (?), adv. In a dexterous manner; skillfully.
Dex"ter*ous*ness, n. The quality of being dexterous; dexterity.
Dex"trad (?), adv. [L. dextra the right hand + ad to.] (Anat.) Toward the right side; dextrally.
Dex"tral (?), a. [From Dexter.] Right, as opposed to sinistral, or left.
Dextral shell (Zoöl.), a spiral shell the whorls of which turn from left right, or like the hands of a watch when the apex of the spire is toward the eye of the observer.
Dex*tral"i*ty (?), n. The state of being on the right-hand side; also, the quality of being right- handed; right-handedness. Sir T. Browne.
Dex"tral*ly (&?;), adv. Towards the right; as, the hands of a watch rotate dextrally.
Dex*trer" (?), n. A war horse; a destrer. [Obs.] "By him baiteth his dextrer." Chaucer.
Dex"trin (?), n. [Cf. F. dextrine, G. dextrin. See Dexter.] (Chem.) A translucent, gummy, amorphous substance, nearly tasteless and odorless, used as a substitute for gum, for sizing, etc., and obtained from starch by the action of heat, acids, or diastase. It is of somewhat variable composition, containing several carbohydrates which change easily to their respective varieties of sugar. It is so named from its rotating the plane of polarization to the right; -- called also British gum, Alsace gum, gommelin, leiocome, etc. See Achroödextrin, and Erythrodextrin.
Dex"tro- (?). A prefix, from L. dexter, meaning, pertaining to, or toward, the right; (Chem. & Opt.) having the property of turning the plane of polarized light to the right; as, dextrotartaric acid.
Dex*trog"er*ous (?), a. (Physics & Chem.) See Dextrogyrate.
Dex`tro*glu"cose` (?), n. [Dextro- + glucose.] (Chem.) Same as Dextrose.
Dex`tro*gy"rate (?), a. [Dextro- + gyrate.] (Chem. & Opt.) Same as Dextrorotatory.
Dex*tron"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, dextrose; as, dextronic acid.
Dextronic acid, a sirupy substance obtained by the partial oxidation of various carbohydrates, as dextrose, etc.
Dex`tro*ro"ta*ry (?), a. (Physics & Chem.) See Dextrotatory.
Dex`tro*ro"ta*to*ry (?), a. [Dextro- + rotatory.] (Chem. & Opt.) Turning, or causing to turn, toward the right hand; esp., turning the plane of polarization of luminous rays toward the right hand; as, dextrorotatory crystals, sugars, etc. Cf. Levorotatory.
{ Dex*tror"sal (?), Dex"trorse` (?), } a. [L. dextrorsum, contr. fr. dextrovorsum, dextroversum, toward the right side; dexter right + versus, vorsus, p. p. of vertere, vortere, to turn.] Turning from the left to the right, in the ascending line, as in the spiral inclination of the stem of the common morning-glory.
At present scientists predicate dextrorse or sinistrorse quality of the plant regarded objectively; formerly the plant was regarded subjectively, and what is now called dextrorse was then considered sinistrorse.
Dex"trose` (dks"trs`), n. [See Dexter.] (Chem.) A sirupy, or white crystalline, variety of sugar, C6H12O6 (so called from turning the plane of polarization to the right), occurring in many ripe fruits. Dextrose and levulose are obtained by the inversion of cane sugar or sucrose, and hence called invert sugar. Dextrose is chiefly obtained by the action of heat and acids on starch, and hence called also starch sugar. It is also formed from starchy food by the action of the amylolytic ferments of saliva and pancreatic juice.
The solid products are known to the trade as grape sugar; the sirupy products as glucose, or mixing sirup. These are harmless, but are only about half as sweet as cane sugar or sucrose.
Dex"trous (?), a., Dex"trous*ly, adv., Dex"trous*ness, n. Same as Dexterous, Dexterously, etc.
Dey (?), n. [See Dairy.] A servant who has charge of the dairy; a dairymaid. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Dey (?), n.; pl. Deys (#). [Turk. di, orig., a maternal uncle, then a friendly title formerly given to middle-aged or old people, especially among the Janizaries; and hence, in Algiers, consecrated at length to the commanding officer of that corps, who frequently became afterward pasha or regent of that province; hence the European misnomer of dey, as applied to the latter: cf. F. dey.] The governor of Algiers; -- so called before the French conquest in 1830.
Deye (?), v. i. To die. [Obs.] Chaucer.
{ Deyn"te, Deyn"tee (?) }, n. & a. See Dainty. [Obs.] Chaucer.
De*zinc`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. The act or process of freeing from zinc; also, the condition resulting from the removal of zinc.
De*zinc"i*fy (?), v. t. [Pref. de- + zinc + -fy.] To deprive of, or free from, zinc.
||Dhole (?), n. (Zoöl.) A fierce, wild dog (Canis Dukhunensis), found in the mountains of India. It is remarkable for its propensity to hunt the tiger and other wild animals in packs.
||Dho"ny (?), n. A Ceylonese boat. See Doni.
<! p. 405 !>
||Dhoor"ra, ||Dhour"ra, or Dhur"ra (&?;), n. Indian millet. See Durra.
||Dhow (?), n. [Ar. do?] A coasting vessel of Arabia, East Africa, and the Indian Ocean. It has generally but one mast and a lateen sail. [Also written dow.]
Di- (?). [Gr. di`s- twice; akin to &?; two, L. bis twice. See Two, and cf. Bi-, Dia-. The L. pref. dis- sometimes assumes the form di-. See Dis-.] A prefix, signifying twofold, double, twice; (Chem.) denoting two atoms, radicals, groups, or equivalents, as the case may be. See Bi-, 2.
{ Di"a- (?), Di- }. [Gr. dia` through; orig., dividing into two parts; akin to &?; two. See Two, and cf. 1st Di-.] A prefix denoting through; also, between, apart, asunder, across. Before a vowel dia-becomes di-; as, diactinic; dielectric, etc.
Di"a*base (?), n. [F. diabase, fr. Gr. &?; a crossing or passing over, fr. &?;; &?; + &?; to go; -- so called by Brongniart, because it passes over to diorite.] (Min.) A basic, dark-colored, holocrystalline, igneous rock, consisting essentially of a triclinic feldspar and pyroxene with magnetic iron; -- often limited to rocks pretertiary in age. It includes part of what was early called greenstone.
Di*ab`a*te"ri*al (?), a. [Gr. &?; &?; (sc. &?;) offerings before crossing the border, fr. &?; to pass over. See Diabase.] Passing over the borders. [R.] Mitford.
Di`a*be"tes (?), n. [NL., from Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to pass or cross over. See Diabase.] (Med.) A disease which is attended with a persistent, excessive discharge of urine. Most frequently the urine is not only increased in quantity, but contains saccharine matter, in which case the disease is generally fatal.
||Diabetes mellitus [NL., sweet diabetes], that form of diabetes in which the urine contains saccharine matter. -- ||Diabetes insipidus [NL., lit., diabetes], the form of diabetes in which the urine contains no abnormal constituent.
{ Di`a*bet"ic (?), Di`a*bet"ic*al (?), } a. Pertaining to diabetes; as, diabetic or diabetical treatment. Quian.
Diabetic sugar. (Chem.) Same as Dextrose.
{ ||Dia`ble*rie" (?), Di*ab"le*y (?), } n. [F. diablerie, fr. diable devil, L. diabolus. See Devil.] Devilry; sorcery or incantation; a diabolical deed; mischief.
{ Di`a*bol"ic (?), Di`a*bol"ic*al (?), } a. [L. diabolicus, Gr. &?; devilish, slanderous: cf. F. diabolique. See Devil.] Pertaining to the devil; resembling, or appropriate, or appropriate to, the devil; devilish; infernal; impious; atrocious; nefarious; outrageously wicked; as, a diabolic or diabolical temper or act. "Diabolic power." Milton. "The diabolical institution." Motley. -- Di`a*bol"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Di`a*bol"ic*al*ness, n.
Di`a*bol"i*fy (?), v. t. [L. diabolus devil + -fy.] To ascribed diabolical qualities to; to change into, or to represent as, a devil. [R.] Farindon.
Di*ab"o*lism (?), n. 1. Character, action, or principles appropriate to the devil.
2. Possession by the devil. Bp. Warburton.
Di*ab"o*lize (?), v. t. To render diabolical. [R.]
Di`a*ca*thol"i*con (?), n. [Pref. dia- + catholicon.] (Med.) A universal remedy; -- name formerly to a purgative electuary.
Di`a*caus"tic (?), a. [Pref. dia- + caustic.] (Opt.) Pertaining to, or possessing the properties of, a species of caustic curves formed by refraction. See Caustic surface, under Caustic.
Di`a*caus"tic, n. 1. (Med.) That which burns by refraction, as a double convex lens, or the sun's rays concentrated by such a lens, sometimes used as a cautery.
2. (Math.) A curved formed by the consecutive intersections of rays of light refracted through a lens.
{ ||Di*ach"y*lon (?), ||Di*ach"y*lum (?), } n. [NL. diachylum, fr. Gr. &?; very juicy; dia` thoroughly + &?; juice.] (Med. & Chem.) A plaster originally composed of the juices of several plants (whence its name), but now made of an oxide of lead and oil, and consisting essentially of glycerin mixed with lead salts of the fat acids.
Di*ac"id (?), a. [Pref. di- + acid.] (Chem.) Divalent; -- said of a base or radical as capable of saturating two acid monad radicals or a dibasic acid. Cf. Dibasic, a., and Biacid.
||Di`a*co"di*um (?), n. [L., from Gr. &?; &?; from poppy heads; dia` through, from + &?; head, a poppy head.] A sirup made of poppies.
Di*ac"o*nal (?), a. [LL. diaconalis: cf. F. diaconal. Cf. Deacon.] Of or pertaining to a deacon.
Di*ac"o*nate (?), n. [L. diaconatus: cf. F. diaconat.] The office of a deacon; deaconship; also, a body or board of deacons.
Di*ac"o*nate, a. Governed by deacons. "Diaconate church." T. Goodwin.
||Di*ac"o*pe (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?; a cutting in two; dia` through + &?;.] (Gram.) Tmesis.
Di`a*cous"tic (?), a. [Pref. di- + acoustic.] Pertaining to the science or doctrine of refracted sounds.
Di`a*cous"tics (?), n. [Cf. F. diacoustique.] That branch of natural philosophy which treats of the properties of sound as affected by passing through different mediums; -- called also diaphonics. See the Note under Acoustics.
{ Di`a*crit"ic (?), Di`a*crit"ic*al (?), } a. [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to separate, distinguish; dia` through + &?; to separate. See Critic.] That separates or distinguishes; -- applied to points or marks used to distinguish letters of similar form, or different sounds of the same letter, as, , , ä, , , etc. "Diacritical points." Sir W. Jones.
A glance at this typography will reveal great difficulties, which diacritical marks necessarily throw in the way of both printer and writer.
A. J. Ellis.
Di`ac*tin"ic (?), a. [Pref. di- + actinic.] (Physics) Capable of transmitting the chemical or actinic rays of light; as, diactinic media.
||Di`a*del"phi*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. di- = di`s- twice + &?; brother.] (Bot.) A Linnæan class of plants whose stamens are united into two bodies or bundles by their filaments.
{ Di`a*del"phi*an (?), Di`a*del"phous (?), } a. [Cf. F. diadelphe.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to the class Diadelphia; having the stamens united into two bodies by their filaments (said of a plant or flower); grouped into two bundles or sets by coalescence of the filaments (said of stamens).
Di"a*dem (?), n. [F. diadème, L. diadema, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to bind round; dia` through, across + &?; to bind; cf. Skr. d to bind.] 1. Originally, an ornamental head band or fillet, worn by Eastern monarchs as a badge of royalty; hence (later), also, a crown, in general. "The regal diadem." Milton.
2. Regal power; sovereignty; empire; -- considered as symbolized by the crown.
3. (Her.) An arch rising from the rim of a crown (rarely also of a coronet), and uniting with others over its center.
Diadem lemur. (Zoöl.) See Indri. -- Diadem spider (Zoöl.), the garden spider.
Di"a*dem, v. t. To adorn with a diadem; to crown.
Not so, when diadem'd with rays divine.
Pope.
To terminate the evil,
To diadem the right.
R. H. Neale.
Di"a*drom (?), n. [Gr. &?; a running through; dia` through + &?;, used as inf. aor. of &?; to run.] A complete course or vibration; time of vibration, as of a pendulum. [Obs.] Locke.
{ Di*ær"e*sis, Di*er"e*sis } (?; 277), n.; pl. Diæreses or Diereses (#). [L. diaeresis, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to divide; dia` through, asunder + &?; to take. See Heresy.] 1. (Gram.) The separation or resolution of one syllable into two; -- the opposite of synæresis.
2. A mark consisting of two dots [], placed over the second of two adjacent vowels, to denote that they are to be pronounced as distinct letters; as, coöperate, aërial.
Di`æ*ret"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; dividing.] (Med.) Caustic. [Obs.]
Di`a*ge`o*trop"ic (?), a. [Gr. dia` through, at variance + &?; earth + &?; turning.] (Bot.) Relating to, or exhibiting, diageotropism.
Di`a*ge*ot"ro*pism (?), n. (Bot.) The tendency of organs (as roots) of plants to assume a position oblique or transverse to a direction towards the center of the earth.
Di"a*glyph (?), n. [Gr. &?; to engrave; dia` through + &?; to carve.] An intaglio. Mollett.
{ Di`a*glyph"ic (?), Di`a*glyph"tic (?), } a. Represented or formed by depressions in the general surface; as, diaglyphic sculpture or engraving; -- opposed to anaglyphic.
Di`ag*nose" (?), v. t. & i. To ascertain by diagnosis; to diagnosticate. See Diagnosticate.
Di`ag*no"sis (?), n.; pl. Diagnoses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to distinguish; dia` through, asunder + &?; to know. See Know.] 1. (Med.) The art or act of recognizing the presence of disease from its signs or symptoms, and deciding as to its character; also, the decision arrived at.
2. Scientific determination of any kind; the concise description of characterization of a species.
3. Critical perception or scrutiny; judgment based on such scrutiny; esp., perception of, or judgment concerning, motives and character.
The quick eye for effects, the clear diagnosis of men's minds, and the love of epigram.
Compton Reade.
My diagnosis of his character proved correct.
J. Payn.
Differential diagnosis (Med.), the determination of the distinguishing characteristics as between two similar diseases or conditions.
Di`ag*nos"tic (?), a. [Gr. &?; able to distinguish, fr. &?;: cf. F. diagnostique.] Pertaining to, or furnishing, a diagnosis; indicating the nature of a disease.
Di`ag*nos"tic, n. The mark or symptom by which one disease is known or distinguished from others.
Di`ag*nos"ti*cate (?), v. t. & i. [From Diagnostic.] To make a diagnosis of; to recognize by its symptoms, as a disease.
Di`ag*nos"tics (?), n. That part of medicine which has to do with ascertaining the nature of diseases by means of their symptoms or signs.
His rare skill in diagnostics.
Macaulay.
Di`a*gom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. &?; to transmit + -meter.] A sort of electroscope, invented by Rousseau, in which the dry pile is employed to measure the amount of electricity transmitted by different bodies, or to determine their conducting power. Nichol.
Di*ag"o*nal (?), a. [L. diagonalis, fr. Gr. &?; from to angle; dia` through + &?; an angle; perh. akin to E. knee: cf. F. diagonal.] (Geom.) Joining two not adjacent angles of a quadrilateral or multilateral figure; running across from corner to corner; crossing at an angle with one of the sides.