| CHAPTER I | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| PAGE | |||
| Introductory | 1–11 | ||
| What is a Race Distinction in Law | 1 | ||
| Distinctions and Discriminations Contrasted | 2 | ||
| Legal and Actual Distinctions | 5 | ||
| All Race Elements Included | 6 | ||
| Period Covered from 1865 to Present | 7 | ||
| CHAPTER II | |||
| What is a Negro? | 12–25 | ||
| Legal Definition of Negro | 12 | ||
| Proper Name for Black Men in America | 20 | ||
| CHAPTER III | |||
| Defamation to Call a White Person a Negro | 26–34 | ||
| CHAPTER IV | |||
| The “Black Laws” of 1865–68 | 35–66 | ||
| “Black Laws” of Free States | 36 | ||
| Restrictions upon Movement of Negroes | 40 | ||
| Limitations upon Negroes in Respect to Occupations | 41 | ||
| Sale of Firearms and Liquor to Negroes | 43 | ||
| Labor Contracts of Negroes | 46 | ||
| Apprentice Laws | 53 | ||
| Vagrancy Laws | 58 | ||
| Pauper Laws | 60 | ||
| CHAPTER V | |||
| Reconstruction of Marital Relations | 67–77 | ||
| Remarriages | 68 | ||
| Certificates of Marriage | 70 | ||
| Slave Marriages Declared Legal by Statute | 73 | ||
| Marriages Between Slaves and Free Negroes | 74 | ||
| Federal Legislation | 75 | ||
| CHAPTER VI | |||
| Intermarriage and Miscegenation | 78–101 | ||
| Intermarriage During Reconstruction | 78 | ||
| Present State of the Law Against Intermarriage | 81 | ||
| To Whom the Laws Apply | 81 | ||
| Effect of Attempted Intermarriage | 83 | ||
| Punishment for Intermarriage | 84 | ||
| Punishment for Issuing Licenses | 86 | ||
| Punishment for Performing the Ceremony | 87 | ||
| Cohabitation Without Intermarriage | 88 | ||
| States Repealing Laws Against Intermarriage | 89 | ||
| Marriages Between the Negro and Non-Caucasian Races | 90 | ||
| Effect Given to Marriages in Other States | 92 | ||
| Intermarriage and the Federal Constitution | 95 | ||
| Intermarriages in Boston | 98 | ||
| CHAPTER VII | |||
| Civil Rights of Negroes | 102–153 | ||
| Federal Civil Rights Legislation | 103 | ||
| State Legislation Between 1865 and 1883 | 111 | ||
| In States Outside of South | 112 | ||
| In South | 115 | ||
| State Legislation After 1883 | 120 | ||
| In South | 120 | ||
| In States Outside of South | 120 | ||
| Hotels | 124 | ||
| Restaurants | 127 | ||
| Barber-shops | 129 | ||
| Bootblack Stands | 130 | ||
| Billiard-rooms | 131 | ||
| Saloons | 132 | ||
| Soda Fountains | 133 | ||
| Theatres | 134 | ||
| Skating-Rinks | 136 | ||
| Cemeteries | 136 | ||
| Race Discrimination by Insurance Companies | 138 | ||
| Race Discriminations by Labor Unions | 140 | ||
| Churches | 141 | ||
| Negroes in the Militia | 144 | ||
| Separation of State Dependents | 146 | ||
| CHAPTER VIII | |||
| Separation of Races in Schools | 154–206 | ||
| Berea College Affair | 154 | ||
| Exclusion of Japanese from Public Schools of San Francisco | 159 | ||
| Dr. Charles W. Eliot on Separation of Races in Schools | 163 | ||
| Separation Before 1865 | 165 | ||
| Present Extent of Separation in Public Schools | 170 | ||
| In South | 170 | ||
| In States Outside of South | 177 | ||
| Separation in Private Schools | 190 | ||
| Equality of Accommodations | 192 | ||
| Division of Public School Fund | 194 | ||
| CHAPTER IX | |||
| Separation of Races in Public Conveyances | 207–236 | ||
| Origin of “Jim Crow” | 208 | ||
| Development of Legislation Prior to 1875 | 208 | ||
| Legislation Between 1865 and 1881 | 211 | ||
| Separation of Passengers on Steamboats | 214 | ||
| Separation of Passengers in Railroad Cars | 216 | ||
| Interstate and Intrastate Travel | 217 | ||
| Sleeping Cars | 219 | ||
| Waiting-Rooms | 220 | ||
| Trains to which Laws do not Apply | 221 | ||
| Passengers to whom Law does not Apply | 222 | ||
| Nature of Accommodations | 223 | ||
| Means of Separation | 224 | ||
| Designation of Separation | 225 | ||
| Punishment for Violating Law | 225 | ||
| Separation of Postal Clerks | 227 | ||
| Separation of Passengers in Street Cars | 227 | ||
| Present Extent of Separation | 228 | ||
| Method of Separation | 229 | ||
| Enforcement of Laws | 231 | ||
| Exemptions | 232 | ||
| CHAPTER X | |||
| Negro in Court Room | 237–280 | ||
| As Spectator | 237 | ||
| As Judge | 238 | ||
| As Lawyer | 239 | ||
| As Witness | 241 | ||
| As Juror | 247 | ||
| Actual Jury Service by Negroes in South | 253 | ||
| Separate Courts | 272 | ||
| Different Punishments | 273 | ||
| CHAPTER XI | |||
| Suffrage | 281–347 | ||
| Negro Suffrage Before 1865 | 282 | ||
| Suffrage Between 1865 and 1870 | 285 | ||
| Suffrage Between 1870 and 1890 | 288 | ||
| Southern Suffrage Amendments Since 1890 | 294 | ||
| Citizenship | 296 | ||
| Age | 297 | ||
| Sex | 298 | ||
| Residence | 298 | ||
| Payment of Taxes | 299 | ||
| Ownership of Property | 300 | ||
| Educational Test | 301 | ||
| “Grandfather Clauses” | 305 | ||
| “Understanding and Character Clauses” | 308 | ||
| Persons Excluded from Suffrage | 310 | ||
| Suffrage in Insular Possessions of United States | 312 | ||
| Constitutionality of Suffrage Amendments | 313 | ||
| Maryland and Fifteenth Amendment | 317 | ||
| Extent of Actual Disfranchisement | 320 | ||
| Qualifications for Voting in the United States | 322 | ||
| CHAPTER XII | |||
| Race Distinctions versus Race Discriminations | 348–362 | ||
| Race Distinctions not Confined to One Section | 348 | ||
| Race Distinctions not Confined to One Race | 350 | ||
| Race Distinctions not Decreasing | 351 | ||
| Distinctions not Based on Race Superiority | 353 | ||
| Solution of Race Problem Hindered by Multiplicity of Proposed Remedies | 354 | ||
| Search for a Common Platform | 355 | ||
| Proper Place of Race Distinctions | 356 | ||
| Obliteration of Race Discriminations | 358 | ||
| Table of Cases Cited | 363 | ||
| Index | 369 | ||