• A
• Aāhmes, King, 339
• Abd el-Latîf, 12
• Abu Shahrên, 371
• Abu Simbel, 16, 306
• Abydos, mounds and temples at, 74, 99, 175, 214, 338, 393
• sanctity of, 327
• Achernar, 381
• Adytum. See Sanctuary
• Africa E., 373
• Agni, god of fire, 7
• Ahura-Mazda or Ormuzd, 6
• Air, god of, 33
• Āk, 176, 205
• Amada, 311
• Amen, confraternity of, 319
• worship of, 189
• temples dedicated to, 220, 222
• Amen-t, Hathor Temple, 306
• wife of Amen, 222
• star symbol, 223
• Amen-Rā, Hak of Pun-t, 347
• obelisks to, 106
• Southern worship, 319
• temples of, 25, 75, 78, 99, 223, 351, 354
• date of, 119
• direction of axis of, 78
• growth of, 188
• restoration of,108
• See also Karnak
• Amenemhāt I., 77, 175, 338
• Amen-hetep I., 221
• Amen-hetep III., Mut Temple, 213
• Karnak Temple B, builder of, 189
• quarrel with Theban priests, 321
• Amen-hetep IV., date of, 321
• conservatism of, 320
• leaves Thebes, 321
• builds Tell el-Amarna, 323
• Amenti, 35
• Amplitude, 46
• Amplitudes, of temples, 59, 67, 170, 309
• at Annu, 168
• at Denderah, 168, 210
• at Karnak, 47, 160, 168, 171, 189
• tables of, 305, 306, 311, 312, 318
• Amru, description of Egypt, 230
• Amsu. See Min
• An, and god Anu, 363
• Anaximander, 8
• Ancestors, divine, 327
• Annu, 74
• grand priest of (title of Theban priest), 340
• list of gods at, 329
• Nile flood at, 226
• obelisk and mounds at, 214, 316
• temples at, 78, 94, 168, 175, 214, 309, 316, 326, 327
• walls at, 76
• worship at, 318, 319, 326, 359
• Antares, symbolised by Serk-t, 329, 360
• temples in Greece, 419
• Anu, Babylonian, astronomical meaning for, 363, 365, 372, 377
• Anubis. See Set
• Ap, god of the waters, 7
• Apet, 290
• Apis, bull, also Hapi, 229, 330, 396
• Apollinopolis Magna. See Edfû
• Argus η, 374
• Aries, first point of, 53
• Arietis α, temples oriented to, Grecian, 420
• Armant, Nile gauge at, 235
• Asari, 372, 384
• Asti, name of Thoth, 176
• Aswân, nilometer at, 234, 235
• distances of gauges from, 235
• Nile flood, maximum time of, 240
• to Rôda, Nile flood, rate of, between, 240
• Aten, most ancient god, 321
• Athene, temple of, 329
• Athens, Parthenon at, propylæum of, 415
• Atmu, Tmu, or Osiris, 25, 26, 295
• Axis of temples, 169, 173
• changes in, 163
• Azimuths, 46
• Azimuth compass, 67
• B
• Baal, hieroglyph for, 361, 362
• Baalbek, structural origin, 92, 94, 367
• Babylonia, ancient cities in, modern sites of, 86
• Anu and Bīl, 365
• kings of, 369
• state of astronomy 300 B.C., 3
• temple structures in, 367
• unit of time in, 227
• ziggurats, 367
• Bast, symbolised star γ Draconis, 290
• Bear, Great, represented by Thigh, 137, 146, 216
• Little, represented by Jackal, 137, 146
• Bel, temple of, 380
• Berenice, road between Edfû and, 208
• Bêrôssus, 381
• Bes, 28, 368
• Bīl, 363, 372, 377
• Bilfinger, star tables, 409
• Biot, ancient star places, calculation of, 129
• Denderah, inscriptions, 139, 193
• observing conditions in Egypt, 122
• precessional globe of, 170
• Ramesseum inscriptions, date of, 143
• risings, heliacal, of Sirius, 200, 210, 249, 253, 254, 262
• Boeckh, date of King Mena, 22
• Botta, 87
• Bouriant, 183, 220
• Boussard, 111
• Brugsch, Amen-Rā's ancestors, 355
• book on calendars, 282
• Denderah inscriptions, 141
• date of Mena, 22
• Rameses III., 221
• Thothmes III, 189, 261
• Usertsen I., 215
• Edfû, temple at, alignment of, 179
• Egyptian history, 344
• furniture of sanctuaries, 112
• Gîzeh-pyramids, 363
• Hippopotamus, constellation, 216
• Hyksos period, 339
• inscription at Philæ, 261
• Silsilis, 263
• Karnak temple, 116
• location of Pun-t, 348
• pyramid, oldest, date of, 369
• Sothic Cycle, 259
• temple-foundations, 354
• Bubastis, antiquity of, 82, 333
• Isis temple at, 329
• Budge, Dr. Wallis, 85, 208, 240
• Bull, constellation of, pyramid period, 360, 403, 404
• Bunsen, 22, 148, 384
• C
• Cairo, Nile flood, time of, 233, 240
• Calah, ancient Nimrûd, 86
• Calendar, Alexandrine reform, date of, 281
• Egyptian, chief use of, 282
• Canopus, decree of, 270
• Canopus (α Argus), 280, 281
• early observations, 312, 360
• heralded autumnal equinox, 342
• temples to, amplitudes of, 311
• Capella observed at Annu, 316, 360
• personified by Ptah, 318
• temples to, amplitudes and dates, 312, 354
• Capricornus, 372, 378
• Censorinus, 267
• Centauri α, temples to, 308, 351, 354, 360
• Chabas, 173, 174
• Champollion, 10, 11, 73
• Cheops. See Chufu
• Chephren, 327, 346, 369
• China, early astronomical observations, 4
• Chnemu, 35, 384
• Rā, 25, 319, 385, 389
• Chufu, 12, 204, 336
• Churches, architecture, Scott on, 96
• orientation of, 96
• Colossi at Thebes, 78
• Columbæ α. See Phact
• Compass, Azimuth, 67
• Constellations, early names for, 42, 133, 397, 399, 407
• northern, called Set, 149
• Country, double, meaning of, 345
• Cow = Star Sirius, 218
• Crocodile, variant of hippopotamus, 146
• Crown, double, 345
• Cubit, Babylonian, 370
• Cults, change of, 300
• origin of Egyptian, 371
• northern and southern, 225
• Cycle, Sothic, beginning of, 262
• Cynocephalus ape from Pun-t, 348
• D
• Dakkeh, temple at, 341, 354
• Darkness, gods of, 27, 28
• Dashûr, blunted pyramid at, 233, 336
• Dawn, flames of, Tefnut, 36
• goddess of, Sechet, 31
• gods, hymn to, 7
• Isis, 29
• names for, 7
• representation of Nephthys, 31
• risings at, 148
• Declination, definition of, 45
• Declinations, corresponding amplitudes, 170
• Delta, Hawk-god of, 349
• Denderah, example of second group of temples, 14
• Hathor temple, 160, 193, 293, 319, 354
• Isis temple, 193
• date of, 197
• oriented to Sirius, 304
• inscriptions at, 141
• meaning, 138, 173
• Set worship at, 310
• temples at, amplitudes, 168, 176
• variants of Hathor in, 211
• zodiacs of, 19, 134, 146
• Deodorus, 12
• Dêr el-Bahari, temple of, orientation of, 16, 212
• cult of Hathor, 293
• inscriptions at, 319, 348
• De Rougé. See Rougé
• Devas, 6
• Djigan, mounds at, 86
• Draco, constellation of, forms of, 137, 146
• Draconis γ, temples to, 310, 354
• Dubhe, Āk refers to, 176, 203
• Āk, meaning of, 176
• Dümichen, antiquity of This, 327
• building inscriptions, 173
• Denderah temple, 204
• Edfû, temple at, alignment of, 179
• Hathor, cult of, 294
• Put-Ser, meaning of, 178
• Dumuzi. See Tammuz, 372
• Dupuis, 138, 143, 180, 379
• Dur Sarginu, 86
• Dyaus, 7
• Dynasties, divine, 326
• Dyotanâ, 7
• E
• Ea. See Ía
• Earth, axis of, 126
• emblem of, 33
• god of, 7
• shape of, 8
• Ebers, antiquity of This, 327
• old roads to Red Sea, 208
• Rôda nilometer, 235
• the Denderah crypts, 204
• Ecliptic, obliquity of, 53
• pole of, Babylonian observations, 363
• plane of, 52
• Edfû, early temple at, 311, 360
• festival calendar at, 282
• Hawk-god of, 349
• inscriptions at, temple axis, 173, 179, 284
• month-table at, 275
• names for Hathor, 211
• road between Berenice and, 208
• temple of, 14, 106, 181
• date of, 363, 376
• orientation of, 178, 179, 180
• Edkins, Sun-temple at Pekin, 88
• El-Mamun, 12
• Entenna, 369
• Epacts (or Epagomena), 247
• Epping, 3, 407
• Equator, pole of, Babylonian name for, 365
• Equinoxes, 54, 57, 62
• established in pyramid times, 329
• Eridu, 371
• colonisation of, 374, 385
• god of, 372, 377
• Esne, feast calendars of, 282
• inscription at, 284
• Ethiopia, early history of, 345
• exile of Theban priests to, 340
• return of Theban priests from, 340
• Eudoxus, sphere of, 139
• Euphrates, god sacred to, 229
• rise of, 85, 230, 267
• F
• Fayyûm, pyramids, 339
• Fire, god of, 7
• Fitz-Gerald, agriculture in Africa, 273
• Flandin, plans of Khorsabad, 87
• Foundation-stone, laying of, 173, 175
• Foundations of temples, table of dates of, 352
• oldest in Egypt, 354
• G
• Garstin, Nile rising, average rate of, 240
• Gauges, Nile, distances from Aswân, 235
• heights above sea-level 236
• Gebel Barkal, 221, 347
• pyramids at, 356
• temples at, 356
• Gîzeh, cult at, equinoctial, 85, 359
• pyramids of, 12, 82, 336, 363
• temples at, 82, 287
• Globe, to rectify the, 44, 130
• precessional, 170
• Gnomon, 63
• Goat-fish in Babylonia, 377
• Gondokoro, 238
• Grébaut, discoveries at Dêr el-Bahari, 319
• Greece, orientation of temples in. See Chap. xxxviii. passim
• Green Water, Nile, why it heralds the rise, 238
• Green and Red Nile, difference of time between, 240
• H
• Habenben. See Sanctuary.
• Hak, of Pun-t, name for Amen-Rā, 347
• Hāpi, god of Nile, 147, 229
• Harhouditi, 349
• Harpocrates (or Hor or Horus), 24, 26
• Harsiisit, 349
• Harvest festivals, 233, 319
• Hathor = Isis, 210
• = Isis = Mut = Methuer, 212
• change of representation, 301
• connection with hippopotamus, 216
• form of, ordinary, 217
• generic symbolisms, meaning of, 291
• goddess from Pun-t, 347
• local cult of, 294
• = Mut, 214, 289
• name of Sirius, 196
• personification of, 210
• present views of, 32
• represented by Dubhe and γ Draconis, 205, 214
• rising of, reference to, 194
• southern worship, 349
• symbol of, 216, 290, 293
• temples of 160, 202, 210
• amplitude of, 176, 193, 210
• at Abu Simbel, 306
• at Denderah, 293
• at Dêr el-Bahari, 193, 293
• various names for, 211
• worshipped in pyramid times, 329
• Hāt-shepset, queen, 106, 212
• expedition to Pun-t, 349
• Heliopolis. See Annu
• Herodotus, on temple of Tyre, 161
• Hieroglyphics, decipherment of, 11
• Hind, star-places, 170
• Hippopotamus, connected with Hathor, 178, 216
• constellation Draco, 137, 143, 146, 218
• in pyramid times, 360
• form of Taurt, 146
• female, 216
• hieroglyph for, 362
• represents Mutât Thebes, 216
• red, 362
• variant of crocodile, 146
• wife of Set, 146
• History of Egypt, first blank in, 331, 337
• second blank in, 339
• north, first civilisation, 330
• Holy of Holies. See Sanctuary
• Hommel, 377
• Horizon, definition of, 40, 169
• Hor-shesu, 57, 74, 150, 215, 376
• Horus or Hor or Harpocrates, 26
• = rising sun, 293
• = S. Egypt, 345
• god from Pun-t, 347, 392
• god of the Hor-shesu, 58
• hymn to, 26
• laughing, 149
• meaning of, 148, 149
• Northern, 349
• myth of, description of, 148-151, 378, 390
• red, 149
• Southern worship, 349
• temple of, 180
• and Set, 149
• = Set, 149
• Hottentot Venus in Pun-t, 348
• Hours (12) of day and night, 342
• Hyksos period, date of, 338, 339
• I
• Ía, 372, 397
• Annu, and Bīl, triad, 372
• father of Tammuz, 372
• legend of, 381
• representation of, 384, 397
• Ía-star, 380
• Ideler, heliacal risings, 121
• length of year, 244
• India, temples in, age of, 2
• Indra, 7
• Inundation of Nile, 233, 234
• Isis = Hathor, 210, 217
• = Mut = Hathor = Methuer, 212
• change of representation, 301
• form of, at Saïs, 329
• generic symbolisms, 291, 293
• mythology of, complete, 293, 388
• name for Sirius, 196, 210
• nursing Horus, meaning of, 292
• pyramid temples, 293, 329
• present ideas of, 29
• temples of, amplitude of, 82, 206, 210
• Denderah, 83, 193, 210
• date of, 197
• Isis-Sati, 218
• Isis-Sothis, 217
• J
• Jackal, constellation of, 137, 143, 146, 361
• of Set, 146
• Jensen, Ía-star, 380
• Kosmologie der Babylonier, 360, 396, 397, 405
• pole of ecliptic, early Babylonian observations, 363
• reference to "Jackal," 362
• Scorpio, 405
• sun-god, Tammuz, 372
• Marduk, 397, 405
• Tiāmat, 397
• the god Ía, 372
• zodiacal constellations, 400
• Jerusalem, temples at, equinoctial, 92, 367
• Josephus, temple at Jerusalem, 92
• K
• Kahi, revelation of, feast of, 282
• Kakau, worship of Apis, 330
• Kali = Koloë, 351
• Karnak, inscriptions at, temple axis, 173
• observations at, solstice, 117
• orientation of, solstitial, 72
• north star, 354
• temples at, 14, 75
• temples at, amplitudes of, 160, 168
• date of, Mariette, 113
• description of, 100, 102
• Amen-Ra at, 78, 99
• Amen-Rā, temple of, date of, 119
• temple B, 187, 189
• amplitude of, 189
• temple L, 115, 183, 185
• date of, 116, 184
• amplitude of, 189
• Brugsch on, 116
• temple M, 115, 183
• date of, 184
• γ Draconis, 184
• temple of Mut (X), 187, 188, 213
• builder of, 189
• temple of Ptah, 317, 354
• temple of Spica, 313
• temple T, amplitude of, 189
• date of, 186
• temple V, orientation, 308
• temple W, 187
• Kemball, Sir A.,
• agriculture of E. Africa, 273
• Khem. See Min
• Khnum. See Chnemu
• Khons, or Khonsu, connection with Canopus, 296
• how represented, 223
• personification of, 296
• Southern worship, 349, 393
• temple of, 182, 223, 224, 296
• measures of, 185, 310
• Khons-lunus, 29, 393
• Khorsabad, mounds at, 36, 87
• Khu-en-Aten. See Amen-hetep IV.
• Kirk, Sir John, on pile-dwellings in Central Africa, 348
• Koptos, high road between Red Sea and, 208
• Kouyunjik, mounds of, 86
• Krall, quoted, 257, 263
• change of signs, 269
• festival calendar at Edfû, 282
• king's reign, time of commencement, 259
• length of year, 244
• month Pachons, 284
• mythology of the sun, 279
• oldest month-list, 275
• the week, 226
• L
• Lanzoni, variant for Hathor, 211
• Chnemu, 384
• Latitude, terrestrial definition of, 52
• celestial, 52
• Lenormant, 4
• Lepsius, work on the monuments of Egypt, 73
• date of Mena, 22
• Eridu, 374
• Karnak temples, 116, 187, 213, 306
• Thothmes III., date of, 261
• temple of Amen-Rā, 99
• temple at Heliopolis, 75
• the week, 226
• Letronne, Denderah inscriptions, 138
• Leverrier, 256
• Lion, early Babylonian mythology, 402
• Lockyer, W. J. S., calculation of star tables, 170
• Longitude, celestial, 52
• terrestrial, definition of, 52
• Luxor, temple at, 166, 328
• Lyons, Capt., R.E., measures at Annu, 76
• Memphis, 317
• Wady Halfa, 358
• M
• Maāt, relation to Rā, 32, 36
• Makrīzi, Rôda nilometer, 235
• Marduk = spring-sun, 373, 397
• destroys winter gods, 377
• myth of, 375
• temple of, ceremony at, 366
• and Tiāmat, myth of, 377, 378, 398
• Mariette, Amen-Rā, temple of, growth of, 115, 188
• Denderah temples, 193
• Hyksos period, 339
• Karnak temples, 113, 183, 184, 187
• location of Pun-t, 348
• Mena, date of, 337
• modern Theban temples, 186
• pyramids, 363, 369
• Sothis, 212
• Masnitiu or Masniu of Edfû, 349
• Maspero, Baal worship at Memphis, 361
• building of Annu, 77, 326
• discoveries at Dêr el-Bahari, 319
• divine dynasties, 392
• the land of Pun-t, 347
• length of year, 244
• location of land of Pun-t, 347
• origin of southern Horus, 349
• priestcraft, 111
• sanctity of Abydos, 327
• Sirius in pyramid times, 209
• Max Müller, age of Indian temples, 2
• sunrise and sunset, 23
• Vedas, 5
• Mazzaroth, meaning of, 133
• Medînet-Habû, 169
• temples at, 163, 220
• orientation dates, 221
• Mêdûm, pyramid of, 335, 337
• Memphis, Nile flood at, 226
• pyramids of, 82, 83
• temple of Sutech, 361
• Baal, 361
• Ptah, 248, 317
• worship, 318
• Memphis and Thebes, Nile flood, rate of, between, 240
• Mena or Menes, 22, 230, 326
• date of reign, 74, 115, 337
• worship of Apis, 330
• Menthu, 339
• Merchet or Merech, 179
• Meridian, astronomical, 69
• magnetic, 70, 71
• Meröe, 344, 347, 356
• Mestha, god, 147
• Mesχet = Thigh, q.v.
• Methuer = Mut = Isis = Hathor, 212
• Midnight, risings at, 148
• Min or Khem, connection with Spica, 25, 297, 319
• temple dedicated to, 297
• Moncrieff, Sir Colin Scott, 117
• Months, names for Egyptian, 233
• Moon-gods, 28, 29, 389, 392, 393
• Osiris representation, 137
• worship, 379
• stations, Egyptian equivalents, 37
• Mosul, mounds of, 86
• Mul-lil, 372
• Mut = Hathor, 214
• = Isis = Hathor = Methuer, 212
• Hathor worship, 214
• mistress of darkness, 344
• represented by hippopotamus, 216
• γ Draconis, 214
• symbolised γ Draconis, 289, 290
• temple of, 75, 182, 191, 294, 318
• associated with Spica, 320
• date of, 213, 214
• Myths, Babylonian, 377
• Egyptian and Babylonian, compared, 377
• of Horus, 148, 390
• of Marduk and Tiāmat, 375, 377, 378, 398
• N
• Naga, buildings at, 347
• Naos. See Sanctuary
• Napoleon's expedition to Egypt, 10
• Naram-Sin, king, date of, 369
• Naville, Horus, myth of, 148, 153, 390
• Nebuchadnezzar II., ziggurat at Babylon, 367
• Nephthys, 31, 35
• in pyramid times, 329
• Nergal, son of Ía and Duazag. 373
• = spring sun, 373
• = midsummer sun, 373
• Neshem, 31
• New year's day, variation in date of, 250
• Nigidius Figulus, 248
• Nile Flood, at Aswân, 240
• at Cairo, 233, 240
• rate of, 240
• gauges, 235
• gauge of, heights above sea-level, 236
• at Armant, 235
• at Aswân, 235
• at Asyût, 235
• at Suhag, 235
• god sacred to, 229
• inundation, effects of, 226, 232
• red, 238
• rise of, appearance of, 238
• at Rôda, 237
• average rate of, 240
• description of, 241
• festival of, 198
• importance of, 228
• indication of, 237
• phenomena coincident with, 249
• rate of, 240
• warnings of, 239
• green water at, why it heralds rise, 238
• colour, origin of, 237
• time of, rising, 85, 230
• Nilometer at Aswân, 234
• Nimrûd, mounds at, 86
• modern Calah, 86
• Ninib, sun-god, 375
• Nissen on temple building, 173, 175
• Nubia, mode of telling time at night, 342
• Nuri, buildings at, 347, 356
• Nu-t or Nu, 32, 33
• double representation of 34
• relation to Seb, 35
• O
• Oannes. See Ía
• Obelisk, at Annu, orientation of, 214, 326
• Obliquity of ecliptic, values of, 113
• Observations of stars daily as opposed to yearly, 341
• On. See Annu
• Oppolzer, risings, heliacal of Sirius, 200, 249, 253, 268
• Orion, constellation of, 137, 143
• Ormuzd or Ahura-Mazda, 6
• Osborn, the Nile, 232, 238
• Osiris in Book of the Dead, 28, 35
• hymn to, 26
• mythology of, 296
• representation of, 137
• moon-god, 389
• sunset-god, 25
• southern worship, 349
• temples of, 187
• at Abydos, 338
• bowls at, 248
• direction of orientation, 82, 206, 393
• Tmu or Atmu, 295
• traced in Babylonia, 334, 377
• = waning moon, 297
• P
• Padoramen priest, titles of, 340
• Palmyra, temples at, equinoctial, 92, 94, 367
• Parthenon at Athens, 164, 415, 416
• Parthey, 216
• Patah. See Ptah
• Pekin, sun temple at, 88, 89
• Penrose on Greek temples, 98, and chap. xxxviii, passim
• Pepi, King, date of, 207, 262, 337
• restoration of Denderah, 204
• temple foundations, 354
• Period, Sothic, 256
• Petrie, Flinders, on Stonehenge, 90
• Mêdûm pyramid, 335, 337
• Tell-el-Amarna, 323
• Phact (α Columbæ), 82, 354, 360, 381
• Philæ, Chnemu at, 384
• inscription at, 261
• Isis-Sati at, 218
• temples at, 73
• early to Canopus, 311, 360
• Pierret, hieroglyph of hippopotamus, 362
• Pile dwellings in Pun-t, 348
• Pisces, 378
• Place, on Assyria, 86
• Pleiades, temples oriented to, in Greece, 419, 424
• Pompeii, temple of Isis at, 320
• Precession, cause of, 124, 126
• effects of, 23, 123, 157
• model illustrating, 125
• Priests, Theban, hatred of Set, 319
• Prithivī, earth god, 7
• Ptah, connection with Capella, 296
• in pyramid times, 329
• god of Memphis, 153, 318
• personification of, 296
• temples of, 248, 296, 317
• Pun-t, Hak of, 347
• land of, 347
• possibly in S. Africa, 348
• Put-ser, meaning of, 174, 175, 178
• Pyramid builders, 325
• -building in 12th dynasty, 338
• Isis temples at, 329
• of Dashûr, 336
• Gîzeh, 82
• Mêdûm, 335, 337
• Sakkarah, 333
• oldest, 369
• orientation of, 333
• Step, age of, 369
• Q
• Qebhsennuf, 147
• R
• Rā, eyes of, 280
• hymn to, 27
• manifestation of, 111
• meaning of, 194
• sun-god, 25, 26, 35, 227
• Rā—Tmu—Horus, hymn to, 26
• Rā-t, symbol of, 290
• Rameses III., date of, 135, 184, 221
• building of temple T, Karnak, 186
• temple M, 115, 214
• Ramessids, Thoth, sign of, in time of, 269
• time of, year used, 263
• Ramesseum, old month-table at, 141, 275
• Ranke, 227
• Red and Green Nile, difference of time between, 240
• Redisieh, temple of, 208, 341
• Set worship at, 310
• Refraction, 48
• Renouf, Le Page, 23
• Rhamnus, temples oriented to Spica, 424
• Rig-Veda, 38
• Right ascension, definition of, 52
• Risings. See Stars and Sun
• Rôda, nilometer at, 234
• rise of Nile at, 237
• Rome, St. Peter's, 96, 102
• Rosetta Stone, 11
• Ross, Col., R.E., 237, 241
• Rougé, De, on Hor-Shesu, 150
• Silsilis inscriptions, 263
• Mêdûm pyramid, 336
• manifestation of Rā, 111
• S
• Saïs, 82, 329
• Sakkarah, step-pyramid of, 333, 337
• Samas, 377
• Sanctuary, 102, 340
• illumination of, 106
• darkness of, object of, 109
• Sargon I., King, date of, 360, 369, 403
• Sarzec, M. de, discoveries at Tel-loh, 369
• Sati, symbol of, 290
• Sayce, Ann and Bīl, 364
• Asari and Osiris, 384
• Eridu, 371
• Ía-star, 380
• sun-god, Tammuz, 372, 393
• Scorpion, constellation of, 143, 378, 399, 401, 403
• known in pyramid times, 329, 360
• Scott, Gilbert, on church architecture, 96
• Se-ānχ-ka-Rā's expedition to land of Pun-t, 348
• Seb, the god, 33, 35
• Sebak-Rā, 25
• Sekhet, goddess, 31
• symbolised γ Draconis, 290
• statues of, at Thebes, 290
• Semneh, temple at, 311, 351
• Seneferu, Dashûr pyramid, 336
• King, title of, 346
• Mêdûm pyramid, 335
• temple foundations, 354
• Senti, 174
• Sept, 196
• Serk-t = Antares and α Centauri, 358
• in pyramid times, 329
• symbol of, 290, 329
• Sesheta, goddess, 29, 173, 175
• Set, Sit, Sut, Typhon, Sutech, god of Darkness, 27, 145, 147
• and Horus, 149
• associated with γ Draconis, 302
• conquered by Horus. See Myth of Horus.
• emblem of, 28, 148, 362
• feast of, 283
• form of, 361
• hated by Theban priests, 319
• jackal of, 146
• N. Egypt, 345
• symbolised by northern constellations, 149
• temple at Tell el-Amarna, 324
• at Annu, 326
• temples absent in S. Egypt, 371
• thigh of, 146, 147
• wife of, 146, 216
• worship of, 215, 344, 361, 377
• Seti II., 115, 185, 189, 223
• Shabaka, 340
• Shesu-Hor, 57, 74, 150, 215
• Shu, 33, 36
• Silsilis, inscriptions at, 263
• Sirius-Hathor, 196, 212, 299
• temples to, in Greece, 305, 422
• Sit. See Set
• Sky, god of, 7, 33
• Smith, George, on temple of Bel, 380
• Smith, Robertson, on Mazzaroth, 133
• Sokhit in pyramid times, 329
• Solstices, 55, 57
• determination of, 62 et seq.
• by Chinese, 63
• relation to inundation, 234
• summer, festival of, 198
• temples oriented to, 78
• and vague year cycle, 252
• Sothis, Greek form of Sirius, q.v.
• Sowing, season of, 233
• Sphinx, object of, 82
• Spica, associated with Mut temple, 320
• observed at Thebes, 318
• temples to, 313
• in Greece, 419, 424
• St. Peter's, Rome, 96, 102
• Stars, apparent paths of, 41
• how used to tell time at night, 343
• non-rising at Thebes, 44
• non-setting at Thebes, 44
• northern, antiquity of worship of, 341
• risings of, achronic, 121
• cosmical, 121, 160
• heliacal of Sirius, 121, 200, 209, 210, 249, 250, 254, 262
• rising with sun, 60
• risings at sunset, 148
• settings, achronic, 121
• heliacal, 121
• table of, 314
• southern, used in upper Egypt, 343
• southern, worship of, as opposed to northern, 325
• table of, 314
• Storms, god of, 7
• Stonehenge, 89, 90
• Strassmeyer, 3, 407
• Suhag, Nile gauge at, 235
• Sun, course of, mythology of, 279
• the midnight, 65
• temples to, at solstices, 78
• yearly path of, 53
• Sun-gods, names for, 7, 373
• Sunlight, god of, 33, 36
• Sunrise, herald of, first star used, 277
• in Greece, 416
• Sunset, explanation of red colour of, 32
• represented by Nephthys, 31
• Sut. See Set
• Sutech. See Set
• god of Canaanites, 361
• temple at Memphis, 361
• Syria, invaders from, found 25th dynasty, 340
• T
• Tables of dates of foundations, 352
• of stars, 20th dynasty, 408, 410
• Taharqa, 187, 340
• Tammuz, associated with Asari, 372
• son of Ía, 372
• son of Mul-lil, 372
• Tammuz-Nergal, sun-god, 372, 374
• son of Ía, 372
• Mul-lil, 372
• Tanis, decree of, 270
• temple of, 82, 281, 329
• Taurus, constellation of, 143, 378
• in pyramid times, 329
• Taurt, goddess, 28, 146, 302
• mistress of darkness, 344
• represented by hippopotamus, 146
• symbol of, 216, 290
• symbolised star γ Draconis, 290
• Tebha, 145
• Tefnut, 31, 36
• Tel Hakoab, mounds at, 86
• Tell el-Amarna, Spica temple, 313
• temples at, 322, 419
• Temples in Lower Egypt, as opposed to those in Upper Egypt, 341
• series of, in Southern Egypt, 311
• diversity of, due to different races, 315
• Tetramenes, 272
• Teχi, 223, 275
• Thebes, amplitudes at, 47, 171
• astronomical thought at, 324
• two schools of, 325
• city of Dragon in Greece, 422
• first appearance of in Egyptian history, 331, 338
• history of cults at, 320
• month table at, 143
• Nile flood, 240
• rising of land about, 240
• statues of Sechet, 290
• temples at, amplitudes of, 156, 168, 309
• of Amen Rā, 99
• modern, 186
• M, 213
• solstitial, 78
• Thigh, āk of, 176
• (Mesχet), 179, 216
• constellation, 137, 143, 302
• in pyramid times, 360
• of Set, 146, 147
• represents Great Bear, 146
• This, antiquity of, 327
• Thistleton-Dyer, on Myrrh from Pun-t, 348
• Thoth = Asti, 176
• 1st of, dates of, 268
• festival of, 198
• lunus, 29, 393
• month of, sign of, 269
• relation to Teχi, 275
• sign of, in Ramessids' time, 269
• Thothmes I., 188
• Thothmes III., date of, 261
• and the Theban priests, 321
• Ptah temple, 354
• Karnak, embellishments at, 112
• restoration of temple of Amen-Rā, 108
• temples at Medînet-Habû, 221
• Thoueris. See Taurt
• Tiāmat and Marduk, myth of, 378, 398
• Tigris, god sacred to, 229
• inundation, time of, 85, 230, 367
• Tmu. See Atmu
• Tomes on red hippopotamus, 362
• Totemism, 215
• Triads, 222
• Tuamāutef, 147
• Tum. See Atmu
• Twilight, representation of, Isis, 29
• representation of, Nephthys, 31
• Typhon. See Set
• Tyre, temple of, 161
• U
• Unger, date of Mena, 22
• Ur of the Chaldees, 379
• Ursæ Majoris α, temples to, 309, 341, 354, 360
• Usertsen I., 179, 221, 215
• obelisk at Annu, 214, 338
• Ushas, 7
• Utchats, 280
• V
• Varuna, 7
• Vedas, 4, 5, 6
• Virchow, on race distinctions, 386
• Virey, Dêr el-Bahari discoveries, 319
• on cult of Aten, 321
• Vitruvius, on temple orientation, 58
• Vyse, Col. Howard, 12
• W
• Wady Halfa to Aswân, rate of Nile flood, 240
• Capt. Lyons' work at, 358
• Wady Hammamāt, 208
• Wakefield, measurements at Karnak, 117
• Worship of N. star, imported into Egypt, 370
• Y
• Year, anomalistic, 53
• calendar, 246
• definition of, 247
• fixed, 251
• length of, 251
• length of, 244, 247
• true, 250
• fixed and vague, time of coincidence, 267
• variation between, 252
• great, Annus Magnus, 257
• measure of length of, first, 110
• new, indications, 247
• sidereal, 53
• Sirian, length of, 253
• tropical, 53
• vague, 251
• beginnings of, 110
• and solstice, cycle, 252
• in time of Ramessids, 263
• Young, Thomas, Rosetta stone, 11
• Z
• Zend-Avesta, 6
• Ziggurats, erection of, 367
• Zodiac, the signs of, 137
• Zodiacs, of Denderah, 135, 146
• discovery of, 18