INDEX
- Abba Garima, 164
- Abbazia, Conference of, 269, 271, 278–9, 281
- Absolutism, 311
- Acerbo, Signor, 310, 343;
- Adige, Upper, 109, 111;
- effect of Austro-German union on question of, 125;
- Germans in, 109, 131;
- Fascismo and, 164;
- Italophobia on, 184–7
- Adler, Fritz, 98
- Admiralty, Fascisti demand the, 174
- Adrianople, 241
- Adriatic, eastern shore of, 59;
- Sauro and the, 74;
- National Vindications and, 89;
- Zara and the, 257;
- Abbazia Conference, 269
- Ægean, Bulgaria’s right to a port on the, 125
- Albania, rebels in, 21;
- as a centre of unrest, 125;
- Commercial Agreement with, 283;
- massacre of Italian delegation at Janina, 363
- Albertini, Senator, 219–20
- Alessio, Signor, 350
- Alliance, Austro-German, 12;
- Triple, 22;
- Republican, 101;
- Continental, against England, 231;
- Cavour and Treaty of, with France and England, 351
- Alps, the, 60;
- National Vindications and, 89;
- Brenner, 107, 192;
- Julian Alps, 107;
- Dinaric Alps, 120, 127
- Alsace, 100
- Amalfi, 113
- Ambassadors, Conference of, 268
- Ambris, Alcesto de, 9
- Amendola, 352
- America, cables to, xviii;
- intervention of, in the war, 53.
- See also United States
- American students, facilities for, in Italy, 335
- Ancona, 307
- Andreas Hoferbund, 185
- Angell, Norman, 11
- Angora, National Assembly of, 241;
- Turkish aspirations, 254;
- Allied reply to Government of, 280
- Arbatax, malaria in, 356
- “Arditi,” 74;
- Armenia, oil wells of, 96
- Army, Italian, and Fascismo, xii
- Arosio, speech 30th March 1923 at, 277
- Arpigati, Captain Arturo, 42
- Association, of Fighters, 87, 92, 99;
- of Arditi, 92;
- of Volunteers, 92;
- of Garibaldians, 92;
- of Maimed and Disabled, 316
- Athens, Fascismo and “eterie” of, ix
- Austria, 12;
- Italy and the Austro-German Alliance, 12;
- Austro-German militarism, 16;
- preparations in, against Roumania, 20;
- demand for repudiation of Triple Alliance, 22;
- Republic of, 124;
- dual monarchy, 187, 249;
- Commercial Treaty between Italy and, 284;
- reparations, 295;
- loan to, 299
- Austrian Institute, 281
- Austro-Hungarian monarchy, 187, 249
- Avanti, xvi, 3, 4, 9, 87, 162
- Bainsizza, 28
- Balbo, Italo, xiii, 310
- Baldwin, Mr. Stanley, 296
- Balillas, 159, 343
- Balkans:
- Balkan zones of Austria-Hungary, 9;
- Roumania, 20;
- Valona, 21, 118;
- Bulgaria, 125;
- seeds of war in, 125;
- Treaty of Rapallo, 125 et seq.;
- Montenegro’s independence, 189 et seq.;
- Turkey’s success at Lausanne, 213
- Bandiera brothers, 351
- Baracca Cup, 329
- Barbarossa, 27
- Barcelona, 270
- Barzilai, 224
- Battisti, Cesare, 48, 89, 134
- Bazzi, 69
- Bebel, 26
- Belgium, martyrdom of, 12, 14;
- neutrality, 23;
- undertaking not to sign separate peace, 19;
- colonies, 90;
- ex-President Wilson and, 189
- Belgrade, Fiume and the agreement concluded at, 193
- Bellini, Senator, 223
- Benedict XV., Palestine and, 194;
- Bentini, 353
- Berchtold, Count, 19, 20
- Berne Convention, powers of, respecting international traffic, 270
- Bernhardi, von, 26
- Bernstein, Edward, and Versailles Treaty, 99
- Bersagliere Regt., 11th, Mussolini joins, xvi
- Bessarabia, 20
- Bezzi, Ergisto, 18, 88
- Bianchi, Michele, xiii
- Bismarck, 9
- Bissolati, Leonida, 158
- Black Shirts, Nationalists and, 148;
- revolution of, a force for progress, 208
- Bologna:
- speech of 24th May 1918 at, 37;
- speech of 3rd April 1921 at, 134;
- University of, and Montenegrin independence, 191;
- Fascista occupation of, 308
- Bolshevism:
- Mussolini saves Italy from, xiv;
- textile workers’ strike, 68;
- failure of, in Italy, 73, 167;
- Mussolini’s fight against, 87, 101;
- Florence under, 103;
- Bolshevist element in Italian Socialism, 116;
- in Trieste, 117, 121;
- of Russia, 129, 147;
- the Bolshevist State and the Liberal State, 139;
- Fascismo and, 166, 179;
- the Italian Bolshevist world, 178;
- Germany’s resistance to influence of, 290;
- Italian losses in crushing, 324;
- freedom of the Press and, 355
- Bolzano, xiii, 163–4; 173, 185, 187, 308
- Bonacini, Lieut. Mario, murder of, 363
- Bono, General Cesare de, xii, xiii, 309, 343
- Bordiga, General, 105
- Bourbons, 75, 351
- Bourgeoisie, Fascismo and the, 165;
- Breitemburg, Count, 186
- Brenner, the:
- Battisti and, 74;
- Bezzi and, 88;
- Italy in possession of, 107;
- as bulwark against Germany, 110;
- Paduan valley and, 125;
- as Italy’s northern boundary, 136;
- defence of, 184;
- Mussolini’s declaration to German deputies respecting, 188;
- Versailles Treaty and, 293
- Brest-Litowsk, Treaty of, 44
- Brofferio, Angelo, 351–2
- Brussels Conference, 1923, 214
- Bucharest, Peace of, 44
- Budapest, Danube Confederation and, 124;
- peace of justice, and occupation of, 149, 172
- Budget, Italian State, 215, 272–3;
- Bulgaria, 10, 125, 213;
- Buozzi, 219
- Burian, 20
- Cables, conventions relative to, xviii
- Cagliari, speech of 12th June 1923 at, 323
- Canada, Commercial Treaty with, 214
- Cannæ, 288
- Capitulations, the, 241, 266
- Caporetto, speech after, 30;
- causes of disaster of, 32;
- anti-war demonstrations after, 34;
- national crisis following, 43;
- German calculations after, 45;
- Rapallo and, 126;
- Pact of Rome and, 126;
- Fascismo and, 135;
- discipline of war and, 350
- Carabineers, xvii, 359
- Caradonna, 310
- Carducci, 37
- Carli, 99
- Carso, 28;
- Italian sentiment for the, 35;
- Corridoni’s death, 48;
- insurrection against Trieste on, 118;
- commemoration ceremony, 120
- Carthage, 177
- Castelrosso, 280, 302
- Castua, 278
- Catholicism, Mussolini on, xii
- Cattaneo, 53
- Cavallotti, 351
- Cavazzoni, 252
- Caviglia, General, 129
- Cavour, Camille, 311;
- Crimean expedition and, 351
- Ceccherini, Maj.-General, xii, 310
- Central America, cable to, xviii
- Central Empires, 9;
- Cervantes, 114
- Cettinge, 190
- Chamber of Deputies, Fascista Government and the, 313
- Chiesa, 255
- Child, Mr. Richard Washburn, speech at Rome by, 335
- Chiusa di Verona, 185
- Cicerin, Commissioner of Foreign Affairs, Russia, 44
- Ciccotti, Ettore, on Italian Fascismo, ix
- Cinque Giornate, 28;
- monument of, 58;
- Austrian threat to city of, 135
- Cipriani, Amilcare, 5
- Civil Law Codes, reformation of, xvii
- Class struggle, Mussolini on, 285
- Clémenceau, 32, 40, 56;
- on concessions in Asia Minor, 96
- Clemente, Maj.-General Ozol, 310
- Coalition Ministry, 221
- Coliseum, 234
- Colombino, 359
- Colonna di Cesaro, 307
- Columbus, Christopher, 50
- Commerce, Chambers of, International Congress of, 274 et seq.
- Commercial Treaty:
- with Switzerland, 212;
- with Canada, 214;
- with France, 265;
- with Yugoslavia, 271, 282;
- with Austria, 281
- Committee of Understanding and Action, 93
- Committee of Wounded and Disabled Soldiers, 51
- Communes, Italian, ix
- Communism, x, 116, 334
- Comunale, Bologna, speech at the, 37
- Constantine, King, 125
- Constitution, the, and the Government, 361
- Contadini, adherents of Fascismo, 316
- Conti, Senator, 219
- Continental alliance. See under Alliance
- Convention, of Washington, 243, 251;
- for Italo-American cables, 245
- Corriere della Sera, 163–4
- Corridoni Club, 92
- Corridoni, Filippo, 48, 59, 71, 88
- Corsica, Italians of, 137
- Corti, Major Luigi, murder of, 363
- Cremona, speech at, 25th Sept. 1922, 158
- Crespi, Senator, 161, 258
- Crimea, expedition to the, 351
- Crispi, Francesco, 108 n.
- Cucco, 28
- Cuno-Rosenberg Memorandum, 295
- Curtatone, 289
- Cyrus, 38
- Czechoslovakia, Italy’s relations with, 213
- Dabormida, General, 351
- Dalmatia:
- Rismondo on, 74;
- National Vindications and, 89;
- Italian minorities of, 96;
- and the victory of Vittorio Veneto, 107;
- Croats of, 118;
- Treaty of Rapallo, 125, 262;
- education of Italians of, 131;
- care of Italian
- residents, 132;
- sufferings of Italians in, 136;
- Italian unity and, 144;
- betrayed, 171, 192;
- Santa Margherita Agreements, 247, 256, 260–1
- Dalmine, speech 20th March 1919 at, 63
- Dante, 60, 77, 114, 133
- D’Annunzio, 77, 114;
- Mussolini at Fiume with, 103;
- proclamation to the Croats, 104;
- legionary occupation of Fiume, 119, 192;
- the Fiume tragedy, 128–9, 141
- Danube Confederation, 124
- Danubian States, economic settlement of, 300
- D’Aragona, Ludovico, 359
- Dardanelles, 214, 241
- Death duties, xvii
- De Bono, Cesare. See Bono, de, General Cesare
- Debt, national, xviii;
- Debt funding agreement, Anglo-American, 259, 296
- Debts, inter-allied, and reparations, 294
- Deffenu, 88
- Del Croix, Carlo, 129
- Delegation, Italian massacre of, at Janina, 363
- Delta, the, 193, 262, 278
- Democracy, meaning of, 36;
- syndicalism and, 148;
- Fascismo and, 167–8, 176;
- and suffrage, 355
- Democrats, 92
- De Nicola, President of the Chamber, 362
- Deutscher Verband, 185–7
- Deutschland über Alles, 21
- Diaz, General, 343
- Dictatorship, proletariat and a, 349
- Dinaric Alps, 120, 127
- Diplomatic and consular services, 305
- Dock-workers, Fascisti, 82
- “Dolomites of Italian Thought,” the, 114
- Dortmund, 235
- Dumas, 353
- Dunkirk, attack on, 19
- Eastern Mediterranean. See under Mediterranean
- Economic policy, 274
- Economy, Ministry of National, xvii
- Edvige, xvi
- Eight Hours Day Bill, xvii, 198, 354
- Electoral Reform, xvii, 101, 165, 314, 347, 359–60, 362
- Elementary schools, religious instruction in, xii
- Emigration, 341
- Employers and employed, co-operation between, 285
- Eneo, 262
- England, Russian expectation of financial aid from, 19;
- Italian confidence in, 46;
- D’Annunzio’s coup at Fiume and, 104;
- mandate in Palestine, 194–5;
- continental alliance against, 231
- Entente, the:
- French and British soldiers at the Piave battle, 59;
- Italy’s position and, 211–12;
- the Ruhr advance and, 230;
- Greco-Turkish affairs and, 254;
- continued existence of, 259
- Entente, Little, 124, 238, 240, 300, 345
- d’Esperey, Franchet, 189
- Esthonia, xviii, 283
- Etna, eruption of, 331
- Europe, economic system of, 275
- Exchanges, European, 345
- Ex-soldiers, blind, 277;
- National Association of, 316
- Facta, Signor, 165, 267
- Fara, Gustavo, General, xii, 310
- Farinacci, Roberto, 158
- Fasci Italiani di Combattimento, 103, 328
- Fascio of Fighters, 92;
- Fascio Nazionale dei Combattenti, x
- Fascismo:
- part of general historical development of nations, ix;
- rise of, x;
- and the Army, xii;
- “March to Rome,” xii;
- progress of, xiii;
- Mussolini summoned to form cabinet, xiii;
- official song of, xiv;
- symbol, xv;
- syndicalism of, 63, 177;
- aims and programme of, 92, 150;
- tasks of, 108 et seq.;
- patriotism of, 112;
- sincerity of, 114;
- not conservative, 115;
- Communism and, 116, 196;
- attitude of, towards Socialism, 116, 196 et seq.;
- demagogism and, 119;
- problems of foreign policy, 121 et seq., 149 et seq.;
- attitude towards the peace treaties, 124;
- demands of Italian Fascio of Fighters in matters of foreign policy, 132;
- birth of, 135;
- imperialism of, 136;
- not essentially violent, 138, 156;
- in the Socialist crisis of 1921, 139;
- attitude in the 1921 elections, 139;
- Fascista Day, 141;
- and the Monarchy, xi, 152;
- the Fascista revolution, 154;
- attitude of, towards State economic attributes, 155;
- and the bourgeoisie, 165;
- and the proletariat, 165;
- and democracy,
- 176–7;
- and the New Provinces, 183;
- demands regarding the Upper Adige, 187;
- attitude towards the Popular Party, 201 et seq.;
- and the Vatican, 201–3;
- and Social Democrats, 203;
- military organisation of, xv, 223;
- domestic policy, 215;
- emigration and, 215;
- foreign policy, 251;
- Yugoslavian policy, 253;
- women of, 286;
- attempt to sever Mussolini from, 287;
- strength and adherents of, 316;
- associations included in, 316;
- Sardinia and, 324;
- Parliament and, 357;
- not a transitory phenomenon, 357;
- an organ of administration, 358;
- liberty, not licence, under, 358;
- and the constitution, 361
- Fascista Council, Great, xv, 232–3, 314
- Fascista Government, work of, xvii;
- beginnings of, 163–4, 173;
- “Government of speed,” 234;
- policy respecting Fiume and Zara, 256;
- foreign policy, 265, 293 et seq.
- Fascista Party, National, xiv;
- military organisation, xv;
- numbers and adherents, 316
- Fascista revolt, 76
- Fascista State, 169, 173
- Federation, of Labour, General, 106, 110;
- Federzoni, Signor, 190, 192
- Fera, Signor, ex-Minister of Justice, 362
- Ferrara, speech of 4th April 1921 at, 75
- Ferrari, Giuseppe, 78
- Ferrarin, 133, 285
- Ferrario, General, 192
- Fiat factory, 349
- Fighters, National Association of, 87, 92, 99;
- Finance, Ministry of, 272–3
- Finland, xviii, 283
- Finzi, 310
- Fiume, 53, 74;
- National Vindications and, 89;
- Tardieu and, 96;
- Mussolini visits D’Annunzio at, 103;
- international relations and D’Annunzio’s occupation of, 104;
- Italian acquisition of, 111;
- Hungary and, 125;
- the tragedy of, 128;
- the war between General Caviglia and, 129;
- the Fascio of, 131;
- economic annexation of, demanded by the Fascisti, 132;
- sympathy of Fascista for, 136;
- Italian unity and, 144;
- General Ferrario, 192;
- the Belgrade Agreement, 193;
- Agreements of Santa Margherita and, 248;
- Arbitration Commission, 262;
- Abbazia Conference,
- 278–9;
- difficulties of Yugoslav Government, 301;
- representations to Belgrade, 346
- Florence, speech 9th Oct. 1919 at, 103;
- speeches 19th June 1923 at, 328–9;
- of the Middle Ages, 113
- Foreign Affairs, Ministry of, Fascisti demand, 174
- Foreign policy, 121, 132, 149, 251, 278, 293, 345
- Forli, xvi
- Forum, the, 234
- France:
- Italy’s neutrality in 1914, 12;
- undertaking not to conclude a separate peace, 19;
- heroism of, 45;
- attitude of, towards Fiume question, 104
- Franche-Comté, 21
- Frankfurt, Treaty of, 9
- Frankfurter Zeitung, 21
- Freedom of the Press, 353, 355
- Freemasonry, 201, 314, 318
- Galassi, Angelico, 201
- Galicia, 20;
- Galileo, 77, 114
- Gandolfo, General, 309
- Garibaldi, 14, 27, 77, 114, 134;
- “red shirts” of, 145;
- Piedmont and, 352;
- and Dumas, 353
- Gasparri, Cardinal, 345
- Gay, Harry Nelson, 335
- Geneva, Protocol of;
- loan to Austria, 299;
- territorial integrity of Austria, 300
- Genoa, 113, 311
- Gentile, Senator, xii
- George V., King of England, visit of, 304
- Georgia, 133
- Germany:
- Italy’s neutrality between Triple Entente and Austro-German Alliance, 12;
- dependence on Austria, 20;
- and Belgium, 22;
- Prussian militarism, 23, 60;
- “Wilsonites” in, 54;
- imperialist, doomed, 60;
- war desired by, 72;
- reparations problem, 124;
- Upper Adige question and, 125;
- resistance in the Ruhr, 240;
- reparations, 294
- Gioberti, 261
- Giolitti, revelations of, 12;
- adherents of, in upper bureaucracy, 106;
- Italian intervention in the war and the followers of, 107;
- attitude towards Upper Adige question, 188;
- congratulates Mussolini, 362
- Giordani, Giulio, 134
- “Giovinezza” (Youth), xiv
- Giulietti, Captain, 104
- Giuriati, 310
- Giustizia, La, 315
- Goethe, 114
- Gorizia, 48;
- Grappa, 120
- Graziadei, Antonio, 196–7
- Graziani, General, xii
- Greco-Albanian frontier, massacre of the Italian delegation for delimitation of the, 363
- Greece, 10;
- Italian relations with, under Fascista Government, 212;
- Italian note to, respecting Janina massacre, 363–4
- Grodno, 123
- Gronchi, speech on Electoral Reform by, 348
- Guardie Regie, abolition of, xvii
- Guesde on Socialist nations, 14
- Guglielmotti, Maj.-General, 310
- Hapsburg, House of, domination of, prevented by the war, 89;
- war let loose by, 100;
- attempt of, to present navy to Yugoslavs, 126;
- Upper Adige and, 185, 187
- Harden on Germany’s desire for war, 26
- Harding, President, 279
- Heraclea coal mines, 96
- Hermada, 48
- High Commissioners, 315
- Hindenburg, 36
- Hohenzollerns, the Germany of the, 26, 36;
- passing of militarism with the, 60;
- domination of, prevented by the war, 89;
- Socialists and the, 99;
- war let loose by the, 100
- Holland, colonies of, 90
- Hungary:
- preparations against Roumania, 20;
- Fiume and, 125;
- Popular Party and, 201;
- economic relations with, 213;
- reparations, 295, 298.
- See also Austro-Hungarian monarchy
- Iglesias, speech 13th June 1923 at, 326
- Immigration Bill, 341
- Imperial Italy, 292
- Indipendente, 354
- Inter-allied debts, 294, 346
- Internal policy, 306 et seq.
- “Internationals,” German, 26
- Internationalism, 11
- Islam, situation in, 213
- Isonzo, fording of the Upper, 31;
- Caporetto and the, 32;
- Italian sacrifices beyond the, 48;
- destruction of the Hapsburg empire, 107;
- obligation of Italy to pass the, 111;
- Yugoslav
- boundaries and the, 127;
- Italian army’s advance towards, 172
- Ismet Pasha, 266
- Istria, Slavs in, 131;
- Italian-Croat brotherhood, 104
- Italian Proletariat, Assizes of the, 105
- Italo-American Association, 336
- Italo-American Society, 342
- Italo-Russian Agreement, 303
- Italo-Ukraine Agreement, 303
- Italo-Yugoslav Commission, 301
- Italy:
- Socialist Party, 3, 23, 93;
- Triple Alliance, 22;
- no ground for remaining neutral, 23;
- Battisti, Sauro and Rismondo on destinies of, 74;
- and the Brenner, 74;
- and the Adriatic, 74;
- and Dalmatia, 74;
- Socialist Union, 92;
- Liberal leaders out of touch with, 165;
- Monarchy of, 176;
- Convention with Montenegro, 190;
- agreements with Yugoslavia, 251;
- universities of, 291;
- position of, respecting reparations, 294;
- War Loan and credits to Austria, 299;
- relations with Russia, 303;
- relations with United States, 304;
- Crimean expedition and the unity of, 351
- Jaffa, Conference of, 195
- Janina, 363
- Japan, conflict between U.S. and, 121–2
- Jerusalem, conquest of, 100;
- Jews:
- English mandate in Palestine, 194 et seq.;
- sacrifices by Italian Jews in the war, 195
- Journalism, Parliamentarism and, 313
- Judiciary Circuits, 314
- Jugoslavia. See Yugoslavia
- Kaiser, the, 66
- Kemal, Mustapha, 150, 189, 266
- Kerensky, 33
- Klopstock, 114
- Labour, Asiatic Utopia and, 82
- Labour, General Confederation of, 106, 110;
- Fascisti demand Ministry of, 174
- Labriola, 348–9, 352
- Lansing, Mr., on Dalmatian question, 96
- Larussa, order of the day on Electoral Reform proposed by, 362
- Lausanne Conference, recognition of Turkey’s successes by, 213;
- safeguarding of European and Christian interests by, 213;
- Russian representation at, 214;
- Italian delegation, 232, 241, 254;
- Ruhr and, 241;
- Turkey’s legitimate rights, 241;
- questions of the Straits and of capitulation, 241;
- Angora Government and, 266;
- Turks invited to new, 279;
- cession of Castelrosso, 302;
- Treaty of Lausanne, 345
- Law, Mr. Bonar, proposals of, at Conference of Paris, 230, 295.
- Lazzari, Constantino, on Election Law, 360
- League of Nations, the:
- disabled Italian soldiers and, 52;
- ex-Pres. Wilson and, 52–4;
- no substitute for victory, 54–5;
- Germany and, 55;
- Renan’s prediction falsified, 55–6;
- Internationalism, 56;
- difficulties in establishing, 56;
- dream of, founded on ruins of the old world, 60;
- Fascismo and, 132;
- Palestine mandate and, 195;
- Polish-Lithuanian boundaries, 268
- League, National, 343
- Legnano, 27, 45
- Lenin, effect of gospel of, on Italy’s working classes, ix;
- results in Russia of gospel of, 44;
- and Tuscany, 103;
- Bolshevism of, preferable to other forms, 129;
- Milan and, 136;
- an ally of Kemal, 189;
- production and the Communism of, 196;
- reactionary policy of, 199
- Lerici, Mayor of, 163
- Lettonia, 133, 283
- Levanto, Fascista programme described at, 150
- Liberal State, the:
- weakness of, 154;
- superiority of Fascista State over, 163;
- devoid of spirit, 165;
- necessity for broadening, 175
- Liberticidal Government, 354–7
- Liberty, 358
- Libyan subjects, 303
- Lithuania, commercial treaty with, xviii, 283;
- Wilna question and, 123;
- rights of, to Memel, 242, 268;
- Polish-Lithuanian boundaries, 268
- Little Entente. See Entente, Little
- Lombardy, iron foundries of, 79;
- Lombroso’s classification of men, 54
- London:
- Treaty of (1915), 189;
- Mussolini’s speech, 12 Dec. 1922 in, 227;
- Ruhr advance and Italian memorandum of, 231, 238, 346;
- Italian foreign policy at, 254;
- Inter-allied meeting at, on draft Peace Treaty with Turkey, 279
- Lorenzino dei Medici, 291
- Lorraine, reconquest of, 100
- Lotta di classe, La, 3
- Lucci on Mussolini’s foreign policy, 253
- Ludendorff, 36
- Lupi, Dario, xii
- Macedonia, Bulgaria’s right to, 125
- Machiavelli, 38
- Maeterlinck, 38–9
- Maltoni, Rosa, xvi
- Manzoni, Alexandro, 313
- Marconi, 133
- Margherita, Santa, Agreements of. See Santa Margherita
- Marx, Karl, 24, 27, 197, 359
- Materialism, Mussolini on, 290
- Mazzini, 53, 77;
- Socialism of, 78;
- the Risorgimento, 145;
- advocate of Republicanism, 153;
- on power, 288;
- Democracy and, 351;
- Crimea expedition and, 352
- Medals, 309
- Mediterranean, compensation in, for loss of Sebenico, 96;
- Socialists and the, 115;
- a centre of world civilisation, 122;
- Italian policy in Eastern, 125;
- Italy as leading power on the, 141–2, 150;
- Italian losses in, 211;
- Greco-Turkish affairs in Eastern, 254;
- Italian interests in Eastern, 302
- Melloni, 161
- Memel, 241–2, 268
- Memorandum of London. See London
- Menotti Serrati, Giacinto, 9
- Merano, commissioner of, and Upper Adige, 186
- Merrheim, 94
- Messina, 356
- Metallurgic Consortium, Italian, 359
- Metz, 53
- Michael, Grand Duke, 33
- Michelangelo, 114
- Milan, Mussolini’s speeches at:
- 25th Nov. 1914, 3;
- 25th Jan. 1915, 18;
- 8th April 1918, 49;
- 20th Oct. 1918, 52;
- 11th Nov. 1918, 58;
- 23rd March 1919, 87;
- 22nd July 1919, 92;
- 5th Feb. 1920, 67;
- 24th May 1920, 71;
- 6th Oct. 1922, 161;
- 6th Dec. 1922, 79;
- 29th March 1923, 276;
- 30th March 1923, 277
- Militarism, Austro-German, 16.
- Militia, National, xvii, 309
- Miliukoff, 33
- Mincio, the, 111
- Ministerial departments, reduction of, xvii
- Minorities and the Electoral Law, 360
- Mirabello, Villa, blind ex-soldiers at, 276–7
- Misiano, 129
- Mohammedans, 213
- Moltke, 9
- Mommsen, 202
- Monarchy, the, Statute Law and, 312.
- Montagna, Commendatore, Janina massacre and, 363
- Montanara, 289
- Montemaggiore as Italian boundary, 127
- Montenegro, independence of, 125, 189, 191
- Monte Nero, 110
- Monte Santo, 28
- “Mopsy,” 195
- Moratorium for reparations, 235–6, 238
- Morgagni, 114
- Moscow, Third International at, 195
- “Most favoured nation” clause, 282
- Mussolini, Arnaldo, xvi, 69
- Mussolini, Benito:
- leader of the Fascio Nazionale dei Combattenti, x;
- summoned to form cabinet, xiii;
- saves Italy from Bolshevism, xiv;
- the “Duce,” xv;
- career, xv, xvi;
- family, xvi;
- foreign policy, xvii;
- his legislative and administrative work, xvii;
- character, xix;
- expulsion from Socialist Party, 3;
- editor of Avanti, xvi, 3;
- La lotta di classe, 3;
- against reformism, 3;
- agitator for intervention in the war, 9 et seq.;
- editor of Il Popolo d’Italia, 37;
- antipacifist, 58;
- Fascista friend of the people, 63;
- the “Fascista,” 87;
- sane conception of problems of foreign policy, 108;
- against revolutionary policy regarding Fiume, 128;
- triumph, 134;
- Fascista Member of Parliament, 183;
- Prime Minister, 207;
- Note to Greece on Janina massacre, 363–4.
- See also Fascismo.
- Naples, speech of 26th Oct. 1922 at, 171;
- Risorgimento and the bourgeoisie of, 150
- Napoleon, 114
- National League. See League, National
- National Militia. See Militia, National
- National Vindications, the, 89
- Naval disarmament, 243
- Neues Deutschland, 21
- Neue Zurcher Nachrichten, 22
- Neuilly, Treaty of, 123, 299
- Nevoso, the, 120, 136, 184, 192, 286, 329
- Nicholas, King of Montenegro, 189, 190
- Nitti, Signor, 106
- Nofri, Gregorio, 252
- Nola, the Risorgimento and, 351
- North African colonies, 303
- North America, Italian emigration to, 341
- Oberdan, Guglielmo, 344
- Oldofredi, Count, 351
- Olympic Games, 340, 342
- Order, measures to restore, 308
- Orlando, Cantiere, of Leghorn, xiii
- Orlando, Signor, 362
- Ortigara, 110
- Ottoman Public Debt, 303
- Padua, speeches:
- 2nd June 1923 (Women’s Congress), 286;
- 3rd June 1923 (at the University), 289
- Palestine, 194–5
- Pangermanism, xiii, 21, 44
- Pareto, 312
- Paris Conference, Montenegrin independence and the, 189;
- Parliament, Government of Fascisti and, 208, 221, 313, 357;
- speech in, on Treaty of Rapallo and Agreements of Sta. Margherita, 210;
- Sub-Alpine, and Cavour, 351
- Parma, speech 13th Dec. 1914 at, 9
- Passive resistance, 346
- Perathoner, Herr, xiii, 164
- Petrillo, 347
- Petrograd, tyranny at, 33
- Piave, the Germans on, 31, 32, 45;
- Italian resistance on, 48, 59;
- the “arditi” and, 74;
- Austrian empire destroyed on, 111, 135, 332;
- a starting point for the Fascisti in their march to Rome, 160;
- deciding factor of the war, 332
- Piedmont, Cavour and the constitutional movement of, 311, 351–2
- Pisacane, Carlo, 78, 351
- Po, Valley of (Valle Padana), 42, 125;
- Socialist exploitation of the masses in, 134;
- Upper Adige question and, 184
- Poincaré, M., 346
- Poland, xviii, 100, 123, 195, 213;
- Pontifical Allocution, Zionism and the, 194
- Popolo d’Italia, founded, xvi;
- German-Swiss and the, 21;
- Mussolini and, 37;
- Treaty of Rapallo criticised by, 125–6
- Popular Party, strike of textile workers belonging to, 68;
- annual day of, 141;
- Fascismo and the, 183, 201–3, 318;
- Electoral Reform Bill and, 347, 361
- Porta Pia, breach of, 108, 144
- Porto Baros, 193, 256, 262
- Portorose Conventions, 270, 281
- Porto Sauro, 278
- Portugal, colonies of, 90
- Post and Telegraph Offices, 307
- Potsdam, 59
- Prefects, 315
- Press, the, 313;
- jury and, 352;
- freedom of, 353
- Principe, the, 38
- Priza, Admiral, 269
- Proletariat, Italian, intervention and the, 16;
- Proudhon, 10
- Prussia, 9, 36, 50
- Public services, industrialisation of, xvii
- Public Works, Ministry of, Fascisti demand, 174
- Quadrumvirate meeting, xiii
- Quaranta di San Severino, Barone Bernardo, 335
- Radice, Signor Lombardo, 343
- Raffaello, 114
- Railways, 270
- Ramanadovich, Commander, 190
- Rapallo, Treaty of, 123–4;
- opinion of Central Committee of the Fascio on, 125;
- why Italy signed, 126;
- Dalmatia and, 127, 130;
- mentioned in Parliament, 210;
- Agreements of Sta. Margherita presented to Parliament, 247;
- evacuation of territories claimed by Yugoslavia and, 248;
- Italian foreign policy regarding, 249;
- ratification, 251;
- revision of, 256;
- application of, 261;
- enforcement of, 300
- Red Cross, German, 21
- Reggio Emilia, Congress of, 3
- Regguzoni, 88
- Religious instruction in elementary schools, xii
- Renan, 55
- Reparations Commission, 236, 298
- Reparations:
- decision of Reparations Commission, 26th Dec. 1922, 236;
- decision 12th Jan. 1923, 236;
- failure of Germany to supply wood, 236;
- Italian delegate’s mandate, 236–7;
- Turko-Grecian, 266;
- Italy and, 294;
- Italian project, 295;
- owed by Austria, Bulgaria and Hungary, 295;
- Italian quota of, 295–6;
- German
- project, 297;
- German Note on, 297;
- Treaty of Trianon, 298;
- Allies’ agreement with Bulgaria, 299;
- loan to Austria, 300.
- See also Inter-allied debts
- Republican Alliance, electoral reform and the, 101
- Republican Party, intervention and the, 24;
- aims of Fascismo and the, 92
- Revolution, French, ix, 14, 349;
- Rhine, German threat to Italy from, 45;
- American withdrawal, 230;
- Ruhr advance, 230;
- exploitation of forests, 236
- Rismondo on Dalmatia, 74
- Risorgimento, Italian, 111, 144–5, 150–1
- Risorgimento, Il, 312
- Roccatagliata, Ceccardi, 18
- Rodzianko, 33
- Romanoff, House of, 33
- Rome, Pact of, 126
- Rome, Government of, and Government at Fiume, 128;
- Bolshevist Congress of, 167;
- Fascista march on, 171
- Rome, speeches of Mussolini at, 24th Feb. 1918, 30;
- 21st June 1921, 183;
- 16th Nov. 1922, 207;
- 2nd Jan. 1923, 228;
- 6th Jan. 1923, 82;
- 15th Jan. 1923, 230;
- 19th Jan. 1923, 234;
- 23rd Jan. 1923, 235;
- 1st Feb. 1923, 240;
- 6th Feb. 1923, 245;
- 8th Feb. 1923, 247;
- 10th Feb. 1923, 251;
- 16th Feb. 1923, 258;
- 2nd March 1923, 264;
- 6th March 1923, 271;
- 7th March 1923, 272;
- 18th March 1923, 274;
- 7th April 1923, 278;
- 8th June 1923, 293;
- 8th June 1923, 306;
- 25th June 1923, 331;
- speech by American Ambassador, 28th June 1923, 335;
- Mussolini’s reply to American Ambassador, 340;
- 2nd July 1923, 347;
- 3rd July 1923, 345;
- 16th July 1923, 347;
- Internal Congress of Chambers of Commerce at, 274
- Romulus, 38
- Ronchi, legions of, 128
- Rossoni, Edmondo, xi
- Rothermere, Lord, on Mussolini’s work, xiv
- Roumania, intervention of, 19;
- Italian relations with, 213;
- Mohammedans in, 213
- Rovigo, speech at, 2nd June 1923, 284
- Ruffini, Senator, 335
- Ruhr, Italian policy in the, 230–1, 238–9, 254;
- 231;
- German Government’s orders as to coal deliveries, 235;
- Reparations Commission’s report on Germany’s failure, 336;
- Moratorium, 236–7;
- control of mines, 236;
- English representative on Rhine High Commission, 237;
- Italian mediation, 237, 259;
- America’s neutrality, 238;
- Little Entente and, 238, 240;
- Lausanne Conference, 238, 241;
- Russia and, 240;
- train services and, 241;
- passive resistance, 264, 346;
- French object, 264;
- English attitude, 264;
- reasons for occupation of, 295;
- extension of occupation, 345;
- European exchanges, 345
- Ruskoie Slovo, admission of Russian vacillation in, 19
- Russia, commercial treaty with, xviii;
- undermined by revolution, 12;
- Entente and financial difficulties of, 19;
- Leninist policy at Brest-Litowsk, 43;
- Agrarian revolution, 123;
- the Baltic States, 123;
- Panslavism, 123;
- disagreement over Wilna and Grodno, 123;
- fate of Poland, 123;
- Russian Jews and Palestine, 195;
- relations between Italy and, 303;
- liberty of association and, 355;
- freedom of the Press in, 355
- Rybar, Signor, 269
- Sabotino, 28
- St. Germain, Treaty of, unsatisfactory to the victors, 123;
- Austrian Republic and, 124;
- Austro-Italian economic relations and, 282
- Salandra, Signor, his formula of “sacred egoism,” 16;
- congratulates Mussolini, 362
- Salorno, Pass of, 185
- Salute, Fascista, xv
- San Terenzo, 163
- Santa Margherita, Agreements of, 210;
- purpose of, 247 et seq.;
- approval of, 251;
- Adriatic question and, 255–6;
- application of, by Italian Government, 256;
- effect of, on Zara and Dalmatia, 260–1;
- Abbazia Conference, 278; enforcement of, 300
- Santi Quaranta, 363
- Sardi, Baron, 335
- Sardinia, soldiers of, 120;
- Fascisti of, 171; the post-war needs of, 321;
- Fascismo and, 324;
- Mussolini in, 320, 323, 326;
- malaria, 356
- Sassari, speech 10th June 1923 at, 320
- Sasseno, occupation of, 20
- Sauro Basin, 279
- Sauro, Nazario, 269
- Savoy, Upper, Switzerland, 21;
- House of, and Italian unity, 176;
- Military Order of, 309
- Scala, the, 25, 59
- Schappner, 21
- Schools, reform of, 314
- Sciesa, Antonio, 161
- Sea, Federation of the, 104
- Seamen, Federation of, 106
- Sebenico, 96
- Seipel, 281
- Serbia, 10, 12;
- against separate peace, 19;
- integrity of, safeguarded, 189
- Serbo-Croat-Slovak Delegation at Abbazia, 278
- Serrani, 88
- Serrati on Tuscany, 103
- Sesto San Giovanni, speech at, 1st Dec. 1917, 25
- Sèvres, Treaty of: not satisfactory, 123;
- results of possible failure of, 150;
- Palestine Mandate, 194
- Sforza, Count, on Montenegrin independence, 189, 191
- Siam, commercial treaty with, xviii, 283
- Silesia, Upper, 123, 189
- Sionism. See Zionism
- Skrzynski, 280
- Smyrna, 124;
- Social-Bolshevism, 108
- Social-Communists, 161
- Social Democrats, 203
- Social-Extremists and economic policy, 275
- Socialism, 5;
- Italian, 97;
- co-operation with useless, 99;
- State, 198
- Socialist Party, Italian:
- Mussolini’s expulsion from, 3;
- irredentism and, 15; intervention and, 27;
- Dalmine strike and, 63;
- condemnation of, 69;
- working class and, 70;
- anti-Italian nature of, 73;
- Fascismo and, 92;
- membership roll, 93, 105;
- Leninist Socialists, 101;
- in 1913, 97;
- Turati, 105;
- Bolshevist element in, 116–7;
- Fascisti and, 139, 154;
- party Socialism and Socialism of Labour distinguished, 197
- Socialist Union, Italian, 92
- Socrates, 135, 162
- Soldiers, Committee of Wounded and Disabled, 51
- Soviet, in Italy, 97;
- in Russia, 123;
- Fascista policy towards, 133;
- Italian Communists and the, 197;
- attitude towards German proletariat, 232
- Spa, conference at, 295
- Spain, commercial treaty with, xviii, 283;
- Spalato, 255
- Sparta, Fascismo and “krypteia” of, ix
- Stambuliski, 345
- Stampa, the, 97
- Statute Law, the, 311–12, 356
- Stefani, de, xviii, and Budgets, 272
- Stelvio, 276
- Straits, the. See Dardanelles
- Strike, anti-Fascista, 307
- Stringa, Major-General, 310
- Sturck, 98
- Südbahn Conference, 269–270
- Sudekum, 99
- Suffrage, universal, 355
- Susak, 256, 262, 278
- Switzerland, Mussolini expelled from, xvi, 21, 22
- Syndicalist organisation of Bologna, 37;
- Syndicalism, 9, 63, 148, 178, 313–14
- Syndicalist corporations, xi
- Syndicalists, in Parma, 9;
- of Bologna, 37;
- in Dalmine, 63;
- Syndicate of co-operation, 69;
- Fascista syndicalism, 63, 148, 178;
- Fascista syndicates, 81;
- in Italy generally, 197
- Syndicate, of Co-operation, 69;
- Fascista, 81;
- National Italian, 197;
- Confederation of Italian Syndicates, 197
- Tacitus, 44
- Tamassia, Senator, 260
- Tangorra, 215
- Tardieu, 95
- Taxation, 317
- Theseus, 38
- Tellini, General Enrico, murder of, 363
- Ticino, Canton, 136, 184
- Timavo, 48
- Tirso, Lake, 324
- Tittoni, Senator, 263
- Titus, 37
- Tivaroni, Senator, 260
- Tokyo, circulation of Our Next War With the United States in, 122
- Tolstoy, 114, 118
- Tonoli, 161
- Toscanini, 133
- Transylvania, 20
- Trento, Fascismo in, xiii;
- Italian aims and, 53;
- statue of Dante at, 60;
- reconquest of, 100;
- acquisition of, 111;
- Socialists and, 118;
- Fascisti of, and Fiume, 131;
- elections, 173;
- Fascisti demands concerning, 187
- Treves, 14
- Trianon, Treaty of, 123;
- Hungarian reparations, 298
- Trieste, 25;
- Giacomo Venezian and, 48;
- Adriatic aspirations, 59;
- reconquest of, 100;
- speech of 20 Sept. 1920 at, 108;
- Risorgimento, 111;
- Socialists and, 118;
- military sacrifices of 1915, 120;
- speech of 6 Feb. 1921 at, 121;
- Fascisti of, and Fiume, 131;
- Fascisti of, and separation, 171;
- frontier traffic, 282
- Triple Alliance, 12, 22, 23
- Triple Entente, 12, 15, 16
- Tripoli, war in, 14
- Turati, Filippo, 69, 105, 252
- Turin, 43
- Turkey, 10;
- Treaty of Sèvres, 125;
- Kemal Pasha, 150;
- juridical protection of foreigners, 302–3;
- Libyan subjects resident in, 303;
- Ottoman debt, 303.
- See also Lausanne Conference
- Tuscany, 328
- Udine, speech of 20 Sept. 1922 at, 143
- Ukraine, 195, 303
- United States, internationalism and the, 46;
- democracy of, 49, 110;
- intervention of, 49, 51;
- relations with, 214;
- representatives of, at Economic Congress, 275;
- agreement with Britain on debt, 296;
- Austrian loan and, 300;
- Italian relations with, 304, 335 et seq.
- Unity, basis of, 93, moral, of the Italian people, 352–3
- Universal suffrage, 355
- Universities, Padua, 289;
- Unknown Warrior, tomb of, 331, 343, 344
- Utopia, the Asiatic, 82
- Valona, 20, 117, 118
- Vanzette, 79
- Vatican, the, 202
- Vecchi, Cesare Maria de, xiii, 310
- “Venezia Giulia,” 343
- Venezia Tridentina, 171
- Venezian, 134
- Venice, 113, 286
- Venizelos, 125
- Verdi, 77
- Versailles, 56
- Versailles, Treaty of:
- revision of, 99, 100;
- indemnity under, 124;
- Italy excluded from economic and colonial benefits, 293
- Victor Emmanuel III., King, xii
- Vidali, 88
- Vienna, 11;
- Danube Confederation, 124;
- occupation of, 149, 172
- Vigevano, Colonel, 190
- Vinci, Leonardo da, 114
- Vittorio Veneto, 75, 77;
- vindication of fruits of, xvii, 107, 151, 154, 160, 164;
- greatness of victory of, 110;
- Austria crushed at, 135;
- Fascista Government, the Government of, 333
- Votes for Women, 286
- War Office, Fascisti demand, 174
- War, revolutionary, 23
- Warsaw, Italian firms and, 280
- Washington Conference on Disarmament, xviii, 243;
- social and pacifist Conventions of, 355
- Waterloo, 5
- Wells, H. G., 41
- White Federation, 197
- Wilna, 123
- Wilson, Woodrow, 28, 52, 126, 189
- Woman’s Fascista Congress, 286;
- Workers, General Federation of, 198
- Working classes, post-war rights of, 63;
- intervention and the, 69;
- Fascismo and the, 75;
- Fascista Government’s policy towards, 80
- Workmen, Italian Union of, 66, 69
- Yellow immigration, 121
- Yugoslavia, pact of Rome, 126;
- Isonzo and, 127;
- Porto Barro and the Delta, 193;
- Mohammedanism in, 213;
- the Adriatic question, 255;
- Abbazia Conference, 269;
- commercial treaty, 271, 282.
- See also Fiume;
- Zagabria, 127
- Zahn, 21
- Zambon, Maj.-General, 310
- Zankoff, 345
- Zara, 53, 59;
- Treaty of Rapallo, 125, 262;
- Fascismo and, 136;
- Adriatic question and, 192;
- Agreements of Sta. Margherita, 247, 260–1;
- Fascista Government and, 256–7;
- “Special zone of Zara,” 301.
- See also Yugoslavia
- Zocchi, Fulvio, 9