INDEX

Abbé, 8, 10, 210, 218
Absorption of light in glass, 32, 179
Acid, action of, on glass, 11
boric, action of, on glass, 11, 186
carbonic, action of, on glass, 12
hydrofluoric, action of, on glass, 12
phosphoric, action of, on glass, 11
Air, compressed, 91, 105, 117
Alkali chlorides, use of, in glass manufacture, 41
content of hygroscopic glass, 6
metals, 184
nitrates, 44, 78
sources of, 40
Alkaline liquids, action of, on glass, 11
Aluminium, 51, 186
Ammonia soda, 41
Anastigmatic photographic lenses, 213
Ancient windows, colours of, 16, 202
Annealing bottles, 103
kiln, 103
for optical glass, 235
for plate glass, 135
for rolled plate glass, 127
Anthracite coal, 42, 53, 79
Antimony, 188
Apochromatic objectives, 213
Arsenic, 52, 78, 105, 117, 188
Artificial gems, 246
Auerbach, 22
Aventurine, 185
B.
Bacteria, action of, on glass, 13
Barium compounds, 47, 186
crown glass, 212
glass, 7
Barytes, 48
Bases other than alkalies, sources of, 45
Beads, 244
Behaviour, chemical, of glass, 6
Bending plate glass, 144
Bevelling, 145
Black ash, 41
Blisters in sheet glass, 160, 168
Blocks, fire-clay, 58
tank, 59
Blower, sheet glass, 158
Blower’s chair, 111
Blowing glass, 89
holes, 91, 161, 189
sheet glass, 161
Blown glass, decoration of, 114
plate glass, 171
Bohemian glass, 109, 240
Boiling up, 81
Bottles, annealing of, 103
blowing, improvements in, 99
machines, 100
colour of, 96
manufacture, furnace for, 97
moulds for blowing, 98
production of, by hand, 98
raw materials for, 95
strength of, 18
Boric acid, 11
Boron, 186
Boro-silicate crown, 212
Boucher’s bottle-blowing machine, 101
Bricks, fire-clay, 58
silica, 60
Bubbles in optical glass, 230
removal of, 81
Burning, pots, 58
C.
Cadmium, 186
Calcium carbonate, 46
oxide, 45, 186
sulphate, 47
Carbon, 53, 79, 186
Carbonate of soda, 41
Carbonic acid, action of, on glass, 12
Carboys, blowing of, 104
Casting plate glass, 132
Chair, glass-blower’s, 111
Chalk, 46
Chamotte, 57
Chance, 211
Charcoal, 42, 58, 79
Charging furnaces, 75
Chemical behaviour of glass, 6
composition of glass, 5
of optical glass, 217
reactions during fusion, 76
Chilled glass, 247
Chimneys, gaslight, 23
lamp, 238
Chromium, colouring effect of, 190
Cleaning of lenses, 220
Coal, anthracite, 42, 53, 79
Cobalt, colouring effect of, 197
Coke, 42, 53, 79
Colour of ancient windows, 16
glass, 32
theory of, 181
optical glass, 208
sheet glass, 167
Coloured blown glass, 113
glass, 178
technical uses of, 203
Combustion tubing, 7, 241
Compressed air for glass blowing, 91, 105, 117
Conductivity, electrical, of glass, 30
thermal, of glass, 24, 29
Copper, colouring effect of, 184
ruby, 184, 188, 198
Corrosion of glass, 11
Covered pots, 56, 109
Crown, boro-silicate, 219
glass, 175, 211
hard, 212, 219
soft, 212
telescope, 215
Crowns, furnace, 60
Crucibles, manufacture of, 56
for glass melting, 54
Crushing strength of glass, 19
Cryolite, 52
Crystallisation of glass, 3
Crystals, mineral, 218
Cullet, 74
for optical glass, 224
Cutting rolled plate glass, 128
Cylinders, sheet glass, 161, 171
D.
Decolourisation of glass, 52, 188, 190, 193, 197
Decoration of blown glass, 114
Defects in rolled plate glass, 129
sheet glass, 166
Definition of glass, 1
De la Bastie, 248
Devitrification, 3, 11
Diamond, refractive index of, 216
Dimming of glass surfaces, 12
Dinas bricks, 61
Dipping of sheet glass, 166
Dispersion of optical glass, 209
partial, 214
Double refraction in optical glass, 221
rolling machine, 130
Drawing tubes, 239
Ductility of glass, 20
Durability of glass, tests for, 14
Dust, action of, on lenses, 220
glass, 245
E.
Elasticity of glass, 20, 24
Electrical properties of glass, 29
Epinal, 39
Etching of glass, 12
Expansion, coefficient of thermal, 24, 25
F.
Felspar, 40, 44
Fibres, glass, 245
silica, 245
Figured rolled plate glass, 87, 130
cutting of, 131
Finger-marks on lenses, 219
Fining of glass, 81
optical glass, 229
Fire-clay, action of, on glass, 6
for pots, 55
wetting up, 57
Fire-polish, 117
Flashed glass, 25, 199
Flint, 40
boro-silicate, 212
dense, 212, 246
densest, 212
extra dense, 212
glass, 7, 49, 78, 108, 211
light, 212
soda, 212
telescope, 215
Fluorite, refractive index of, 216
Fontainebleau, 38
Founding of optical glass, 227
Fourcault process, 174
Fresnel, 251
Furnace crowns, 60
gas, 63
Furnaces for bottle manufacture, 97
glass melting, 54, 62
optical glass, 225
plate glass, 133
rolled plate glass, 122
sheet glass, 151, 170
ports, 67
recuperative, 66, 156
regenerative, 66, 155
tank, 59, 69
economy of, 72
Fusion, process of, 73
temperature of glass, 5
Freezing of glass, 2
G.
Gaslight, chimneys for, 23
Gas producers, 62, 64
Gatherer, 158
Gathering of glass, 85, 88, 158
Gauge tubes, 10, 18, 23, 26
Gems, artificial, 246
Ghosts, photographic, 16
Glauber’s salt, 43
Gold, colouring effect of, 185
Grinding plate glass, 137
Gypsum, 47
H.
Hardened glass, 20
Hardness of glass, 21
tests for, 22
Heavy spar, 48
Henrivaux, 19
Hertz, 22
Hock-bottle colour, 195
Hohenbocka, 38
Hollow glass-ware, 108
Horse-shoe flame, 69
Hydrofluoric acid, action of, on glass, 12
Hygroscopic glass, alkali content of, 6
I.
Indentation modulus, 22
Index, refractive, 216
Insulating properties of glass, 29
Iron, 96
colouring effect of, 196
oxidation of, in glass, 195
Irregularities caused by rolling, 86
J.
Jena, 7, 10, 14, 26, 29, 203, 210, 213, 241
K.
Kelp, 40
Kowalski, 19
L.
Laboratory ware, 10, 23
Ladling glass, 85
rolled plate glass, 124
Lagre, 166
Lamp-chimneys, 110, 238
Lamp-work, 240, 244
Large vessels, production of, 105
Lead, 49, 183, 188
Lear for rolled plate glass, 127
sheet glass, 165
Leighton, 39
Lenses, cleaning of, 220
finger-marks on, 220
pressing small, 94
Light, action of, on glass, 15
Lighthouse glass, 178, 250
Lime, slaked, 45
Lime-stone, 46
Limited range of vitreous bodies, 4
Lippe, 38
Lynn, 39
M.
Machines, bevelling, 145
double rolling, 130
grinding, 139
polishing, 141
Magnesia, 48, 186
Manganese, 15, 52, 80
Mangin mirrors, 252
Marver, 111
Massive glass, 249
Mechanical properties of glass, 18
Metal, attachment of, to glass, 26
Minerals, crystalline, 217
Mirrors, 145
searchlight, 251
Mixing of materials, 73
Moulds for glass-blowing, 90, 110, 116
pressed glass, 119
Muffled glass, 172
Muranese glass, 123
N.
Nickel, 96
colouring effect of, 197
steel, 27, 148
Nitrates, alkali, 44, 78
O.
Objectives, apochromatic, 213
telescope, 218
Opal glass, 45, 52, 186
Opaque plate glass, 146
Open pots, 56
Optical glass, annealing, 235
chemical composition of, 217
cooling of, 233
cost of, 237
fining, 229
founding, 227
furnaces for, 225
hardness of, 220
moulding, 235
pressing, 93
range of, 216
raw materials for, 223
sorting, 235
stability of, 219
strain in, 221
stirring, 231
yield of, 236
properties of glass, 205
P.
Painting on glass, 201
Parason, 102
Patent plate glass, 171
Paving stones, glass, 249
Pearl ash, 43
Phosphoric acid, 11
Phosphorus, 188
Photographic ghosts, 16
lenses, anastigmatic, 213
colour of, 209
Pipe, glass-maker’s, 89
sheet-blower’s, 158
warmer, 158
Plate glass, annealing kiln for, 135
bending of, 144
blown, 171
casting, 132
colour of, 33
figured rolled, 87
flatness of, 134
furnaces for, 133
grinding machines, 139
of, 137
mirrors, 145
opaque, 146
polishing machines, 141
polishing of, 137
raw materials for, 132
rolled, 86, 123
silvering, 146
sizes of, 143
strength of, 15
striæ in, 143
wired, 27, 147
Platinum, 27
Polishing, theory of, 141
Pontil, 98, 176, 239
Potash, 43
Potato, use of, in glass melting, 81
Ports, furnace, 67
Pots, burning of, 58
covered, 56
drying of, 58
for flint glass, 109
optical glass, 226
manufacture of, 56
open, 56
Pouring of glass, 85, 87
Pressed glass, 92, 118
composition of, 120
Presses for glass, 119
Proofs, 82, 231
Purity of materials, 36
Q.
Quartz, 40
R.
Range, limited, of vitreous bodies, 4
Recuperative furnaces, 66, 156
Red lead, 49
Refraction, double, in optical glass, 221
of light in optical glass, 209
Refractive index, 216
Regenerative furnace, 66, 155
Reichsanstalt, 10
Resistance to crystallisation of glass, 4
Rings for lighthouse lenses, 251
Rod, glass, 245
Rolled plate glass, 86, 123
annealing, 127
cutting, 128
defects of, 129
figured, 130
furnaces, 123
ladling, 124
raw materials for, 124
rolling, 126
sorting, 129
surface of, 122
Rolling of glass, 86
Rubies, artificial, 247
Ruby, copper, 184, 188, 198
flashed, 184
gold, 185
Rupert’s drops, 248
S.
Salt-cake, 37, 42, 79, 189
Sand, 38
Sandstone, 39
Schott, 8, 19, 203, 213, 241
Scratches on sheet glass, 169
Searchlights, 250
Seed in sheet glass, 167
Selenium, colouring effect of, 190
Sheet glass, 70
blisters in, 160, 168
blowing, 161
colour of, 33, 167
compared with plate, 149
cylinders, 161, 171
defects of, 166
dipping, 166
flattening, 165
furnaces, 151, 170
lear, 165
mechanical production of, 173
raw materials for, 150
sorting, 166
splitting, 164
strength of, 18
Siedentopf, 182
Siege blocks, 59
Siemens, 248
Sievert, 92, 105, 117, 172
processes, 105, 117
Signal glasses, 203
Silica bricks, 61
glass, 5, 26, 241
sources of, 37
Silicon, colouring effect of, 187
Silver, colouring effect of, 185
Silvering plate glass, 146
Sizes of plate glass, 142
Soda ash, 41
carbonate, 41
sulphate, 37, 42, 79
sulphide, 80
sulphite, 79
Solidification of glass, 1
Solutions, analogy of, with glass, 206
Sorting rolled plate glass, 129
Specific heat of glass, 25, 29
inductive capacity of glass, 29
Stains, coloured, 200
Stassfurth, 44
Stones in rolled plate glass, 129
sheet glass, 167
Storage of materials, 37
Strain in optical glass, 221
Strength of glass, 19
Striæ in coloured glass, 203
optical glass, 206, 227
plate glass, 143
testing apparatus, 207
String in sheet glass, 168
Strontium, 86
Structure of glass, 1
Sulphur, colouring effect of, 189
Surfaces, chemical behaviour of glass, 8, 10
Szigmondi, 182
T.
Table, rolling, 126
Tank blocks, 59
furnaces, 59, 69
economy of, 72
for sheet glass, 152
Telescope objectives, 213
Temperature of fusion of glass, 5
Tempered glass, 20, 248
Tensile strength of glass, 19
Thallium, 183, 188
Theory of colours in glass, 181
polishing, 141
Thermal endurance of glass, 23
properties of glass, 23
Thermometer glass, 7, 8, 28
Tin, colouring effect of, 187
Tonnelot, 7
Transparency of glass, 31
optical glass, 208
Trautwine, 19
Tubing, 238
combustion, 7
drawing of, 239
Tumblers, 111
U.
Ultra-violet microscope, 243
V.
Vanadium, colouring effect of, 189
Veins in optical glass, 206, 227
W.
Water, action of, on glass, 10
glass, 250
Wetting up clay, 57
Winkelmann, 19
Wired plate glass, 27, 147
Witherite, 48
Wool, glass, 245
Y.
Young’s modulus, 20
Z.
Zaffre, 197
Zeiss, 213, 244
Zinc, colouring effect of, 49, 186
Zschimmer, 14