Abutilon, polymorphic flowers of, pp. 320, 323.
Acanthia lectularia, length of life of, 42.
Acineta, 151.
Acquired characters, meaning of, 169;
on supposed botanical proofs of transmission of, 390, 397.
Acridium migratorium, length of life of, 40.
Actinia mesembryanthemum, length of life of, 54.
Actinosphaerium, 117, 118.
Activity and length of life, 7, 8.
Adansonia, length of life of, 6.
Adler, on the formation of galls, 302.
After-effects, 403.
Aglia tau, deposition of eggs, 18;
length of life of, 18, 59.
Algae, immortality of unicellular, 25.
Amoeba, length of time of fission of, 8;
immortality of, 25;
fission of, 25, 64.
Amphibia, polar bodies of, 340, 352.
Amphileptus meleagris, fission of, 148.
Amphorina coerulea, polar bodies of, 189.
Anabiosis, 25, 38.
Ancylus, length of life of, 56.
Andricus, length of life of summer generation, 50.
Anisotropism, 400.
Anlagen, 192.
Anodonta, length of life of, 56, 57.
Ants, duration of life of male and female, 18, 48, 50, 51, 52, 59, 156.
Aphilotrix, length of life of imago of, 50.
Aphis, length of life of, 41;
parthenogenesis of, 228, 289;
polar bodies of, 349.
Apis, see Bees.
Apus, 152, 324.
Ascaris, 133, 144;
fertilization of, 177;
nuclear division in ovum of, 188, 232, 360;
spermatogonia of, 220;
spermatogenesis of, 375.
Ascidians, length of life of, 57.
Atavism, 179.
Atrophy, of organs, 85, 86.
Auerbach, on fertilization, 355.
Bacteria, in dead Cockchafer, 46.
Baer, von, 194;
on the influence of maternal impressions on the offspring, 445.
Balanus, polar bodies of, 218.
Balbiani, on nuclear division, 187;
on pole-cells, 197;
on origin of ova, 222.
Balfour, on impregnation, 175;
on polar bodies, 214, 225, 339, 345, 353.
Bear, length of life of, 13.
Bees, length of larval life of, 15;
length of life of queen of, 18, 52, 156;
of drones, 18, 53; of workers, 52, 59, 156;
activity of, 48;
oviposition of, 52, 54;
death of male, 63, 120, 132;
loss of limbs in development of larva, 89;
nuptial flight of, 93;
development of eggs of, 226, 234, 285, 351.
Begonia, propagation of, 211.
Beneden, van, on fertilization in Ascaris, 177, 188, 355, 360;
on polar bodies, 214, 340, 345, 353;
on Polkörperchen, 216;
on spermatogonia in Ascaris, 220, 375;
on nuclear division, 231;
on sexual reproduction, 282.
Berthold, on male parthenogenesis, 247.
Bessels, on importance of fertilization, 235.
Beyerinck, on the formation of galls, 302.
Biorhiza, length of life of imago of, 50.
Birds, length of life of, 11, 36;
factors in duration of life of, 12.
Blackbird, length of life of, 6, 11, 36.
Blaps, length of life of imago of, 47, 48.
Blastogenic characters, 412.
Blochmann, on polar bodies, 349.
Blow-flies, length of larval life of, 15.
Boar, length of life of, 14.
Bombinator igneus, nature of ovum of, 125.
Bombus, 53.
Bombyces, flight of females impeded by eggs, 17;
habits of, 44.
Bonellia viridis, unequal length of life of male and female, 59.
Bonnet, on rudimentary tails in dogs, 428.
Born, on position of nucleus in ova, 177;
on double impregnation, 382.
Bosmina, parthogenesis of, 325.
Brooks, on heredity, 166, 326.
Brown-Séquard, experiments on guinea-pigs, 81, 310, 313.
Bulimus, length of life of, 55.
Buprestis splendens, length of life of, 47.
Burdach, on the influence of maternal impressions on the offspring, 444.
Bütschli, on polar bodies, 188, 214, 224, 340;
on sexual reproduction, 282;
on processes of fertilization, 355.
Butterflies, climatic varieties of, 99;
death of, 120.
Bythotrephes, spermatozoa of, 176;
summer eggs of, 239;
winter eggs of, 348.
Calberla, on impregnation in Petromyzon, 175.
Canary birds, length of life of, 36;
plumage of, 321.
Carabus auratus, length of life of imago of, 47.
Carnoy, on karyokinesis in ovum of Ascaris, 360, 368;
on spermatogenesis, 375.
Carp, length of life of, 6.
Cat, length of life of, 6.
Catallacta, 123.
Caterpillars, length of life of phytophagous, 15.
Cells, renewal of, 21;
nourishment of, 29;
death of, 59.
Cephalopods, length of life of, 56.
Cerambyx heros, length of life of imago of, 47.
Cetochilus, polar bodies of, 218.
Chermes, parthogenesis of, 294;
galls of, 401.
Cherry-tree, in Ceylon, 406.
Chrysomela varians, ovoviviparous development of, 48, 49.
Chydorus, parthenogenesis of, 325.
Cicada, length of life of, 41, 42.
Cienkowsky, on conjugation, 286.
Cionea intestinalis, length of life of, 57.
Circumcision, 434.
Cirrhipedes, complementary males of, 58.
Clausilia, length of life of, 55.
Cockchafer, length of larval life of, 16;
length of imaginal life of, 46.
Coleoptera, length of life of, 46.
Colpoda cucullus, fission of, 148.
Conjugation, 282, 286.
Continuity of germ-plasm, 104.
Copepods, unequal length of life in the two sexes of parasitic, 58.
Coryne, origin of sexual bud, 205.
Cossus ligniperda, length of larval life of, 15.
Crayfish, length of life of, 6.
Cuckoo, length of life of, 11, 36.
Cyclas, length of life of, 56.
Cynipidae, length of life of, 49;
number of eggs of agamic, 50;
deposition of eggs of, 93;
number of males of, 293.
Cynips, amount of nuclear matter in egg of, 229;
parthenogenesis of, 274, 290, 293.
Cypris, 294.
Cyto-idioplasm, 181, 184.
Cytoplasm, 184.
Daphnidae, segmentation of the egg of, 73, 199;
loss of jaws in development of, 89;
winter eggs of, 121;
sperm cells of, 175, 176;
parthenogenesis of, 228, 325;
summer eggs of, 236, 239, 240;
polar bodies in parthenogenetic eggs of, 249, 345, 350.
Darwin, on constancy of number of individuals in successive generations, 12;
on Pangenesis, 77, 370;
on atrophy of organs, 85, 90;
on cross fertilization, 309;
on effect of external influences, 391, 423.
Daucus, structure of root altered by cultivation, 414.
Death, origin of, 20, 21, 143;
relation to reproduction, 21, 120, 132, 154;
necessity of, 23, 24, 134, 159;
utility of, 24, 112, 135, 153;
an adaptation produced by natural selection, 24, 28, 60;
not universal, 25, 27, 111, 119;
by sudden shock, 63;
meaning of, 113;
definition of, 114;
of the soma, 154.
Degeneration of organs, see Atrophy.
Detmer, on transmission of acquired characters in plants, 390.
Development amongst Protozoa, 149.
Diatomaceae, fission of, 65.
Dicyemids, 131, 141.
Diptera, length of life of, 42;
pole cells of, 197, 206, 210, 216;
as fertilizers of flowers, 309.
Döderlein, on tailless cats, 390, 428, 430.
Dragon-flies, length of larval life of, 15;
length of life of imago, 17, 40.
Dryophanta, length of life of summer generation of, 49;
of winter generation, 50.
du Bois Reymond, on the transmission of acquired characters, 82, 390, 422.
Duration of life governed by needs of species, 9.
Düsing, on origin of sex, 239, 241.
Eagles, length of life of, 11, 37;
weight of, 14.
Echinodermata, origin of germ-cells, 202.
Echinus, polar bodies of, 351.
Ectocarpus, male parthenogenesis in, 247.
Eggs, number laid by various birds, 12, 37;
of insects, 17.
Eider-ducks, length of life of, 11.
Eimer, on the inheritance of mutilations, 426.
Eleodes grandis, and dentiper, length of life of imago of, 47.
Elephants, length of life of, 6;
gestation of, 7.
Encystment, relation to death of, 112, 115, 116, 120, 158;
protective, 117, 121;
of Rhizopoda, 121.
Entoniscidae, unequal length of life in male and female, 58.
Ephemeridae, length of life of imago of, 40, 156.
Epigenesis, theory of, 316.
Eristalis tenax, length of life of, 43.
Estheridae, 228.
Euglypha, identity of products of fission of, 26, 64, 65.
Eupithecia, length of life of, 45.
Falcons, length of life of, 11, 37.
Fiedler, on polar bodies in sponges, 217.
Flemming, on nuclear division, 187, 231, 359, 361.
Flourens, on length of life, 7.
Fol, on fusion of nuclei, 174, 189;
on origin of ova, 222;
on multiple impregnation, 236, 238, 382;
on polar bodies, 340, 351;
on process of fertilization, 355.
Formica sanguinea and fusca, length of life of, 51.
Fox, length of life of, 14.