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[61] N.s. "pyhän liiton" sodassa ranskalaisia vastaan 1511-12. "Pyhän liiton" muodosti paavi Julius II ranskalaisten karkoittamiseksi Italiasta.

[62] Petrucci oli puoluepäälliköstä kohottautunut Sienan valtiaaksi sangen häikäilemättömin keinoin, tuhoamalla tieltään vastapuolueen johtajat, vieläpä oman appensakin Giovanni Borghesen. Hallitsi Sienassa vv. 1487-1512.

[63] Ferdinand II, Aragonian sukua, menetti valtionsa 1501 ranskalaisille, jotka sen 1504 luovuttivat Espanjalle. Sai sijaan Anjoun herttuakunnan Ranskasta; kuoli 1504.

[64] Lodovico il Moro, menetti kahdesti valtionsa ranskalaisille ja kuoli vankina Ranskassa 1510.

[67] Paavina oli tällöin Leo X Medici, jonka veljenpojalle Lorenzolle "Ruhtinas" on omistettu.

[68] Taron taistelu 1495, Alessandrian 1499, Capuan 1501, Genovan 1507, Yailan 1509, Bolognan 1511, Mestrin 1513.

[69] Miehuus tarttuu aseihin raivoa vastaan, ja taistelu on oleva lyhyt, sillä entinen urhous ei ole vielä sammunut italialaisten rinnasta.

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