[909] 54 Geo. III. c. 56, sec. 3.

[910] See infra.

[911] See p. 168.

[912] See p. 170.

[913] See p. 171.

[914] See p. 174.

[915] See p. 174.

[916] See chapter on Colonial Copyright, p. 186.

[917] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 1.

[918] Hanfstaengl v. Empire Palace [1894], 2 Ch., 1.

[919] Graves' case (1869), L. R., 4 Q. B., 715.

[920] See the cases as to new editions of books.

[921] Kenrick v. Lawrence (1890), 25 Q. B. D., 99.

[922] Farina v. Silverlock (1858), 4 K. and J., 650. This case is hardly an authority, as it was decided when published paintings and drawings were unprotected; but it is submitted that even under the Act of 1862 a label of this kind would not be protected.

[923] (1860), 10 Ir. Ch., 121, 510.

[924] (1860), 10 Ir. Ch., 121.

[925] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 1; see Geissendorfer v. Mendelssohn (1896), 13 T. L. R., 91.

[926] See Nottage v. Jackson (1883), 11 Q. B. D., 627.

[927] Petty v. Taylor [1897], 1 Ch., 465.

[928] Ibid.

[929] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 4.

[930] Tuck & Sons v. Priester (1887), 19 Q. B. D., 629; Pollard v. Photo. Co. (1888), 40 Ch. D., 345.

[931] Turner v. Robinson (1860), 10 Ir. Ch., 121, 510; Prince Albert v. Strange (1849), 1 M'N. and G., at p. 42; West v. Francis (1822), 5 B. and Ald., 737.

[932] Tuck & Sons v. Priester (1887), 19 Q. B. D., 629; Tuck v. Continental (1887), 3 T. L. R., 826.

[933] Ibid.

[934] London Printing v. Cox [1891], 3 Ch., 291; Dupuy v. Dilkes (1879), W. N., 145; 48 L. J. Ch., 682.

[935] London Printing v. Cox [1891], 3 Ch., 291.

[936] Dupuy v. Dilkes (1879), W. N., 145; 48 L. J. Ch., 682.

[937] Graves' case (1869), L. R., 4 Q. B., 715.

[938] Ex parte Walker (1869), 17 W. R., 1018; 10 B. and S., 680.

[939] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 4.

[940] Ex parte Beal (1868), L. R., 3 Q. B., 387; 9 B. and G., 395.

[941] Blackburn, J., 9 B. and S., at p. 398. The headnote in ex parte Walker (1869), 10 B. and S., 680, "That the description 'A Piper and a Pair of Nut-crackers' was sufficient for the purpose of sec. 6," is erroneous, the point being left undecided.

[942] Baschet v. London Illustrated Standard [1900], 1 Ch., 73; Fores v. Johnes (1802), 4 Esp., 97; see Du Bost v. Beresford (1810), 2 Camp., 511.

[943] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 1.

[944] Ibid.

[945] 7 Vict. c. 12, sec. 19.

[946] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 1.

[947] Nottage v. Jackson (1883), 11 Q. B. D., 627; Wooderson v. Tuck (1887), 4. T. L. R., 57; Melville v. Mirror of Life [1895], 2 Ch., 531; Kenrick v. Lawrence [1890], 25 Q. B. D., 99.

[948] Nottage v. Jackson (1883), 11 Q. B. D., 627; Kenrick v. Lawrence [1890], 25 Q. B. D., 99.

[949] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 1; Kenrick v. Lawrence (1890), 25 Q. B. D., 99; Levi v. Champion (1887), 3 T. L. R., 286.

[950] Wooderson v. Tuck (1887), 4 T. L. R., 57.

[951] Melville v. Mirror of Life [1895], 2 Ch., 531; Ellis v. Marshall (1895), 11 T. L. R., 522; Ellis v. Ogden(1894), 11 T. L. R., 50.

[952] Melville v. Mirror of Life [1895] 2 Ch., 531; Ellis v. Marshall (1895), 11 T. L. R., 522.

[953] Ellis v. Ogden (1894), 11 T. L. R., 50.

[954] Melville v. Mirror of Life [1895], 2 Ch., 531; Ellis v. Ogden (1894), 11 T. L. R., 50.

[955] Petty v. Taylor [1897], 1 Ch., 465.

[956] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 3.

[957] Troitzsch v. Rees (1887), 3 T. L. R., 773; and see Graves' case (1869), L. R., 4 Q. B., 715.

[958] See p. 172 as to registration.

[959] London Printing and Publishing Alliance v. Cox [1891], 3 Ch., 291.

[960] See assignment of literary copyright, p. 78.

[961] See as to partial assignment of literary copyright, p. 80.

[962] (1880), 13 Ch. D., 872.

[963] Tuck v. Canton (1882), 51 L. J., Q. B., 363.

[964] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 2.

[965] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 6.

[966] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, secs. 6, 8, 9, 11.

[967] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 6. These penalties are not a civil debt, but in the nature of a fine for a criminal offence; ex parte Graves (1868), L. R., 3 Ch., 642.

[968] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 6.

[969] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 9.

[970] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 11.

[971] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 9.

[972] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 8.

[973] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 11.

[974] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 9.

[975] Ibid.

[976] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 10.

[977] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 11.

[978] (1898), 14 T. L. R.

[979] [1900], 1 Ch., 73.

[980] Tuck v. Priester (1887), 14 Q. B. D., 629.

[981] Ibid.

[982] Ibid.

[983] Ex parte Beal (1868), L. R., 3 Q. B., 387; Hildesheimer v. Faulkner [1901], 2 Ch., 552.

[984] (1868), 9 B. and S., 395.

[985] 9 B. and S., at p. 402.

[986] Ellis v. Marshall (1895),64 L. J., Q. B., 757; Baschet v. London Illustrated [1900], 1 Ch., 73; Nicholls v. Parker (1901), 17 T. L. R., 482; Green v. Irish Independent [1899], 1 I. R., 386.

[987] [1901], 2 Ch., 552.

[988] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 6.

[989] Tuck v. Priester (1887), 19 Q. B. D., 629; Murray v. Heath (1831), 1 B. and Ad., 804; Mayall v. Higbey (1862), 1 H. and C, 148.

[990] Pollard v. Photo. Co. (1888), 4 Ch. D., 345.

[991] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 7.

[992] This offence does not constitute forgery, because a forgery must be a document, and a picture is not a document; Reg v. Closs (1857), 6 W. R., 109.

[993] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 7.

[994] 16 Jac. 1., c. 16, sec. 3.

[995] Lucas v. Williams [1892], 2 Q. B., 113.

[996] 25 & 26 Vict. c. 68, sec. 2.

[997] Ex parte Beal (1868), 3 Q. B., 387.

[998] Bolton v. Aldin (1895), 65 L. J., Q. B., 120.

[999] But see Hanfstaengl v. Baines [1895], A. C., 20; Hanfstaengl v. Empire Palace [1894], 2 Ch., 1; [1894], 3 Ch., 109.

[1000] Graves' case (1869), L. R., 4 Q. B., 715; cf. the case of the photograph of an engraving, Gambart v. Ball (1863), 14 C. B. (N. S.), 306; Graves v. Ashford (1867), L. R., 2 C. P., 410.

[1001] [1894], 2 Ch. 1.

[1002] [1895], A. C., 20.

[1003] (1896), 12 T. L. R., 491.

[1004] (1842), 9 M. & W., 692.

[1005] (1897), 45 W. R., 476; see also West v. Francis (1822), 5 B. and Ald., 737; London Stereo v. Kelly (1888), 5 T. L. R., 169; Bolton v. London Exhibitions (1898), 14 T. L. R., 550.

[1006] Hanfstaengl v. Baines [1895], A. C., 20; ex parte Beal (1868), L. R., 3 Q. B., 387; Turner v. Robinson (1860), 10 Ir. Ch., 121, 510.

[1007] Ex parte Beal (1868), L. R., 3 Q. B., 387.

[1008] Brooks v. Religious Tract Society (1897), 45 W. R., 476; West v. Francis (1822), 5 B. and Ald., 737.

[1009] Hanfstaengl v. Empire Palace [1894], 3 Ch., 109.

[1010] 25 & 26 Vict., sec. 3.

[1011] 25 & 26 Vict., sec. 6.

[1012] London Printing and Pub. All. v. Cox [1891], 3 Ch., 291.

[1013] Nicholls v. Parker (1901), 17 T. L. R., 482; and see Guggenheim v. Leng (1896), 12 T. L. R., 491.

[1014] 49 & 50 Vict. c. 33, sec. 8 (4).

[1015] The following colonies have local legislation: India, Ceylon, Canada, the Australian Colonies, New Zealand, Cape of Good Hope, Natal, Hong Kong, Tasmania, Newfoundland.

[1016] Australian Colonies, Tasmania, Cape of Good Hope, Natal, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Ceylon. The period of protection in foreign telegrams varies from 24 to 120 hours in the respective colonies.

[1017] 10 & 11 Vict. c. 95, usually known as the Foreign Reprints Act.

[1018] The following are the colonies now under the provisions of the Foreign Reprints Act, 1847. The dates are of the respective Orders in Council. Bermuda, February 13, 1849; Bahamas, May 21, 1849; Newfoundland, July 30, 1849; St. Christopher, November 6, 1849; Antigua, June 19, 1850; St. Lucia, November 13, 1850; British Guiana, October 23, 1851; Mauritius, April 1, 1853; Grenada, December 29, 1853; Nevis, March 10, 1855; Cape of Good Hope, March 10, 1855; Natal, May 16, 1857; Jamaica, April 23, 1859; Trinidad, March 17, 1875; Barbados, August 15, 1890; St. Vincent, August 26, 1881.

[1019] 49 & 50 Vict. c. 33, sec. 8.

[1020] The following colonies have provided a system of registration: Canada, New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia, Queensland, South Australia, Natal, Cape of Good Hope.

[1021] Printed as a schedule to 38 & 39 Vict. c. 53.

[1022] 39 & 40 Vict. c. 36, sec. 152.

[1023] 38 & 39 Vict. c. 53.

[1024] 10 & 11 Vict. c. 95.

[1025] 57 & 58 Vict. (Canada), c. 33.

[1026] 5 & 6 Vict. c. 45, sec. 17.

[1027] Morang v. Publishers (1900), 32 Ont. Rep., 393.

[1028] 63 & 64 Vict. (Canada), c. 25, known as the Fisher Act.

[1029] (1876), 1 Tupp. App. Rep., 436.

[1030] 5 & 6 Vict. c. 45, sec. 17; 39 & 40 Vict. c. 36, sec. 152.

[1031] 38 & 39 Vict. c. 53, sec. 4.

[1032] The type need not be set in Canada; Frowde v. Parish (1896), 27 Ont. Rep., 526.

[1033] 38 & 39 Vict. c. 53, schedule, sec. 15.

[1034] Anglo-Canadian v. Suckling (1889), 17 Ont. Rep., 239.

[1035] 63 & 64 Vict. (Canada), c. 25.

[1036] 5 & 6 Vict. c. 45, sec. 17.

[1037] See p. 146, supra.

[1038] See p. 167, supra.

[1039] See p. 161, supra.

[1040] Graves v. Gorrie (1900), 32 Ont. Rep., 266.

[1041] See p. 194, infra.

[1042] Morocco Bound Syndicate v. Harris [1895], 1 Ch., 534.

[1043] 7 & 8 Vict. c. 12, sec. 19; Boucicault v. Delafield (1863), 1 H. and M., 597.

[1044] 49 & 50 Vict. c. 33, sec. 11.

[1045] See p. 129.

[1046] Berne Convention, Arts. 2, 14; 49 & 50 Vict. c. 33, sec. 2 (3); Order in Council, Nov. 28, 1887, sec. 3.

[1047] Hanfstaengl v. Empire Palace [1894], 3 Ch., 109.

[1048] Additional Act of Paris, Art. I. 1; Berne Convention, Art. 13.

[1049] Hanfstaengl v. Empire Palace, ubi supra.

[1050] Additional Act of Paris, Art. I. 1.

[1051] Berne Convention, Art. 13.

[1052] Additional Act of Paris, I. 1.

[1053] Berne Convention, Art. 6; 49 & 50 Vict. c. 33, sec. 5 (3).

[1054] Additional Act of Paris, II. 1.

[1055] i. e. works delineating the steps in a dance or ballet. Berne Convention, Final Protocol (2).

[1056] 49 & 50 Vict. c. 33, sec. 6.

[1057] See also Berne Convention, Final Protocol (4); Order in Council, Nov. 28, 1887, sec. 3; Additional Act of Paris, Art. II. 2.

[1058] Lauri v. Renad [1892], 3 Ch., 402.

[1059] Hanfstaengl v. Holloway [1893], 2 Q. B., 1.

[1060] [1892], 3 Ch., 402.