(see also Arable, Common, Enclosures)

Patents and Monopolies, 399, 443-453, 461, 465-468, 472-474;
list of, 440-443;
revoked, 472-475

Paupers (see Poor)

Pavage, 126, 127, 133-135, 212;
collectors of, 135

Peasants' revolt, the, 55, 105-110;
burning of muniments in, 108

Perceval, Dr., report of, on child labour, in factories, 480, 495

Pesage, 122

Picketing, 549, 627, 637

Pilgrimage of Grace, agrarian programme of, 247

Pillory, punishment of the, 156, 157, 393, 394

Piracy, 188-192

Place, Francis, 618

Pleas, of quo warranto, 40n.;
of replevin, 37

Ploughbote, 242

Pontage, 119, 122, 124, 126, 127, 212

Poor, analysis of classes of, in 19th century, 663;
children, apprenticing of, 381, 388, 504, 652;
do., boarding out of, 653, 654;
do., education of, 663;
farmed to contractors, 646, 657;
fines for enhancing price of corn, reserved to, 392, 393;
guardians of, 652, 653, 654, 655, 663, 664;
impotent, 174, 175, 364, 378, 388;
impotent and idle, distinguished, 174, 175, 364;
licensed to beg, 174, 175;
overseers of, 372, 380, 381, 384, 648, 660, 661;
do., misconduct of, 652;
proportionate taxation of, 35;
provision made by gilds for, 136, 150;
provision made by enclosure acts for, 534, 535;
provision of food for, 377;
provision of work for, 364, 367, 369-371, 373, 378, 380, 383, 384, 389, 391, 648 (see also Houses of Correction, Workhouses);
rates, 468, 533, 536, 537, 552, 555, 561, 562, 651,662;
do., made compulsory, 364, 372, 380;
do., increase of, in 18th century, 557;
relief of, in Middle Ages, 113, 150, 174, 175;
do., in 16th and 17th centuries, 272, 287n., 363-391, 647;
do., in 18th and 19th centuries, 544, 649-665;
do., by craft and other gilds, 113, 150, 311, 345;
do., by parishes, 270;
do., by towns, 363, 366, 369, 649;
do., by journeymen associations, 299;
do., by private charity, 364, 366;
do., Pitt's suggested changes in, 563-565, 647;
do., unions of parishes for, 651, 664, 665;
settlement of, 364, 372, 381, 382, 386, 387, 561, 647, 651, 655

Poor Laws, 275, 366, 372, 373, 380, 567, 646, 648, 652;
administration of, by justices of the peace (see Justices of the Peace);
18th century abuses in, 560-562;
inspectors advocated for, 564;
Amendment Act (1834), 545, 646, 663;
Settlement Act (1662), 645, 647;
Workhouse Test Act (1722), 650;
Gilbert's Act (1782), 645, 652;
Speenhamland "Act of Parliament" (1795), 646, 655;
Board, 646;
Commission (1834), 646;
do., recommendations of, 661-663

Poverty, alleged causes of, in 18th century, 649

Precipe, writs of, 21, 36, 36n.

Prerogative, the royal, 153

Prerogative Courts, 229, 230
(see also Requests and Star Chamber, Courts of)

Prices, enhancement of, 265, 368, 391-396, 404, 405, 407-411;
regulation of, by Privy Council and Justices of the Peace, 341, 364;
rise in, after the Black Death, 166, 168, 169;
do., in Tudor period, 314;
do., in 18th and 19th centuries, 555-559, 565-567, 576, 692-696, 707;
of coal, regulation of, 497-499;
of grain, 283;
and wages, lack of correspondence between, 553, 555-559, 565-567, 576, 695, 696

Price of wines, 45, 206, 209, 214

Privy Council (see Council, Privy)

Profit, a just, views on, 294, 295, 296, 367, 368

Protection, for native manufactures, 425

Protective tariffs, arguments for and against, 696, 698-701, 706-711;
for revenue, 700

Purprestures or Encroachments, 38, 54, 63, 64, 542


Quarter Sessions, 173, 176, 316, 324, 343, 345, 351, 352, 356, 392, 429, 543, 546, 548, 549, 551, 576, 577, 623, 648, 656
(see also Justices of the Peace)


Rackrenting, 251n., 252, 253, 265

Regrators, 156, 336, 386, 388

Reliefs, 25, 65, 70, 116, 242

Revenue, the national, 153, 667;
effect of debasement of coin on, 405, 406
(see also Customs, Excise, Taxation)

Report of Committee on Ribbon weavers, 590, 591

Richard I., charter of, 125

Riots, agrarian (see Ket, Peasants' Revolt, Pilgrimage of Grace);
industrial, 495

Rochdale Pioneers, 618

Roundsmen, 646, 660, 661


Sac and Soc, 10, 11, 125

Saltpans mentioned in Domesday Book, 17

Schools, 249, 287;
fine for attending, 84;
industrial, in 18th century, 563;
provision for, in 16th century, 287, 290

Scotch weavers, strike of, 618, 631-633

Scutage, 21, 29, 33, 34n., 80

Seisin, 122;
feudal conception of, 63n.

Serfs, 7, 9, 16, 17, 75n., 323

Sheep, restriction of numbers of, to be owned by individuals, 264-266

Sheep-graziers and sheep-grazing, 250, 264-266, 269, 274, 407, 408, 530, 531;
in 18th century, 484-487

Sheriffs, 6, 9, 13, 15, 17, 19, 20, 27, 32, 34, 35, 40, 46-48, 50, 90, 94, 109, 114, 115, 120, 121, 136, 155-157, 160, 161, 164, 165, 174, 175, 189, 192, 200-202, 214, 250, 264, 324, 329, 372, 374, 379, 429, 473;
offences of, 38, 39

Sheriff's aid, 80

Sheriffs' tourns, 38, 340

Shipping and Ships, 10, 188, 190, 191, 192, 197, 206, 210, 401, 402, 431, 675;
encouragement and protection of, 153, 190, 206, 428, 437, 670, 671
(see also Navigation Act)

Silkweavers (see Spitalfields)

Sinking Fund, 667, 689;
Act, 679

Small holders, enclosure disadvantageous to, 531, 532, 534, 535, 537

Small holdings, consolidation of, 523, 530, 541

Soap manufacture, 461-465

Social Contract, theory of, 281, 308

Sokemen, socmen, 9;
bond, 36;
free, 36

Somerset, Lord, Protector, 292, 293;
agrarian policy of, 266

Speenhamland "Act of Parliament," 646

Spitalfields, silk weavers of, 484

Spitalfields Act, authorising the regulation of wages of London silk-weavers, 544, 547-551, 558, 575, 577, 591, 596

Stallage, 119, 122, 124

Staple, the, 153, 178-185, 407;
custom of partition in, 185;
mayor, council and merchants of, 179, 180, 182, 183, 184, 185

Staplers, 484, 485:
(See also Wool merchants)

Star Chamber, Court of, 302, 365, 460;
case in, 391

Statutes, 153;
touching alienation of land, 69;
touching depopulation, 315 (see also below);
touching enclosure, 247 (see also below);
of Merton (1234), 87;
of Marlborough (1267), 37;
of Acton Burnel (1283), 162;
of Merchants (1285), 161-163;
of Winchester (1285), 160;
of Mortmain, 146, 150;
of Quia Emptores (1290), 29n.;
of Labourers, 153, 168, 171-178, 231, 314, 323, 325, 367, 388 (see also below);
of Monopolies, 399, 465-468 (see also below);
of Inmates, 275;
Poor Law, 275, 366 (see also below);
3 Edward I., touching freedom of elections, 309, 310;
12 Richard II., touching labourers, 171, 314, 323;
13 Richard II., touching wages, 324;
8 Henry VI., touching regrators of yarn, 340;
15 Henry VI., touching gild ordinances, 279;
18 Henry VI., touching hosting of aliens, 153, 198, 199;
4 Edward IV., touching truck, 318;
4 Henry VII., touching depopulation, 229, 271n., 324;
12 Henry VII., touching merchant companies, 444, 445, 453;
19 Henry VII., touching gild ordinances, 279, 284, 307;
6 Henry VIII., touching depopulation, 229;
7 Henry VIII. ditto, 229, 260;
22 Henry VIII., touching gilds, 280, 285, 310;
25 Henry VIII., touching depopulation, 229, 264;
27 Henry VIII., ditto, 229, 269;
28 Henry VIII., touching gilds, 280, 284;
31 Henry VIII., touching cornmarkets, 368;
33 Henry VIII., touching gaming houses, 442;
35 Henry VIII., touching depopulation, 269;
37 Henry VIII., touching gilds and chantries, 280, 287n.;
1 Edward VI., ditto, 280, 286, 291;
do., touching vagrants, 323;
5 Edward VI., touching depopulation, 324;
5 and 6 Edward VI., ditto, 229;
do., touching gig-mills, 442;
3 Philip and Mary, touching depopulation, 229;
5 Elizabeth, touching depopulation, 229;
do., touching weavers, 344;
5 Elizabeth, Statute of Artificers, 306, 307, 315, 325-336, 361, 424, 442, 544, 557, 576, 591, 624, 656;
apprenticeship clauses of, 544, 579-589, 590;
do., administration of, 353, 361;
do., repeal of, 588;
wages clauses of, 544, 576, 577;
do., administration of, 341, 352;
do., repeal of, petition against, 576;
breaches of, 334, 342, 352, 353, 361;
proceedings before Privy Council on, 361, 362;
19th century opinion on, 576-589;
8 Elizabeth, touching export of cloth, 426;
establishing Muscovy Company, 453;
13 Elizabeth, touching export of corn, 428;
14 Elizabeth, touching compulsory poor rate, 372;
31 Elizabeth, touching depopulation, 229;
39 Elizabeth, ditto, 229, 268, 270n.;