329. passe forby, to pass by, i.e. to get out of his way; cf. C. T., B 1759, C 668. an ese, a relief, a way of escape. There is no difficulty, but all the editions have altered it to passe, for thereby, which will not scan.

330. daungerous, grudging, reluctant; see C. T., D 514.

332. of a sight, of what one may see. squeymous (MS. squymouse, Stowe squmous), squeamish, particular; see note to C. T., A 3337 (vol. v. p. 102). It is added that when the lady, on her part, was cruel, it was the lover's duty to toss about in bed and weep; cf. T. G. 12:—'The longe nyght walowing to and fro.' 'To walwe and wepe'; Troil. i. 699. And see Rom. Rose (Eng. version), 2553-62.

338. Cf. 'Him to complein, that he walk [read welk = walked] so sole'; T. G. 552. And cf. Book Duch. 449; Black Knight, 143; Rom. Rose, 2391-6, 2517-9.

340. Cf. 'as though he roughte nought Of life ne deth'; T. G. 939-40.

344. 'Abide awhile,' T. G. 1203; 'patiently t'endure'; T. G. 1267.

347. helden, false grammar for held. The metre shews that it was intentional.

349. 'Fulli to obeye,' T. G. 1151; cf. 1145-50.

360-4. Cf. T. G. 1012-25; especially 'And when I trespas, goodli me correcte'; and 'neuyr yow offende.' And Ovid, Art. Amat. lib. ii. 199-202.

367. yern, earn; so yearne in Spenser, F. Q. vi. 1. 40; A.S. geearnian.

368-9. 'Of grace and pitè, and nought of rightwisnes'; T. G. 979.

378. a-croke (MS. a croke), awry; see Acrook in the New E. Dict.

379-81. In l. 381, the MS. has shon (shun) distinctly; yet Morris prints shoue, and Stowe showe, destroying the sense. All have knowe in l. 379, but it should rather be con, which gives a perfect rime; for con represents A.S. cunnan, to know, and is frequently spelt cun; see Con in the New E. Dict. This statute refers to 'the comfort of Sweet-Looking'; see Rom. Rose, 2893-922; Gower, C. A., iii. 26-7.

390. See T. G. 170-1, 1014.

397. 'Yeve hir giftes, and get hir grace'; Rom. Rose, 2699. 'Auro conciliatur amor'; Ovid, Art. Amat. lib. ii. 278.

403. Cf. Rom. Rose, 2568-85.

412. 'And for no tales thin herte not remue'; T. G. 1182. Cf. C. T., A 3163-4; F 1483-5; and XII. 113-9 above (p. 289).

429. 'For love ne wol nat countrepleted be'; Legend of Good Women, 476. 'Quisquis erit cui favet illa, fave'; Ovid, Art. Amat. lib. i. 146.

431. 'Whyt was this crowe'; C. T., H 133; cf. note to C. T., D 232.

456. Compare the Merchant's Tale; C. T., E 1245.

469. Cf. T. G. 1168-70: 'All trwe louers to relese of her payne,' &c.

475. 'Ai fressh and wel besein'; T. G. 1167. Cf. Rom. Rose, 2279-84. 'Munditiae placeant,' &c.; Ovid, Art. Amat. lib. i. 513.

484. 'Who loveth trewe hath no fatnesse'; Rom. Rose, 2686; 'Arguat et macies animum'; Ovid, Art. Amat. lib. i. 733.

491-504. Cf. Rom. Rose, 2419-39, 2817-20. In particular, ll. 496-7 seem to be actually copied from Rom. Rose, 2819-20: 'or of hir chere That to thee made thy lady dere.' This raises the suspicion that the Court of Love was written after 1532.

499. thou seen would be in Latin tu videatis; another example of false grammar.

523. let been, to let (them) be, to leave off.

526. kepten been (MS. bene); so in all the copies; but kepten is the pt. t. plural, as if we should say in Latin seruauerunt sunt. Unless, indeed, the -en is meant for the pp. suffix of a strong verb, as if we should make a Latin form seruatiti. The scansion shews that this false grammar came from the author.

529. 'Except God and the devil.'

536-7. Solomon and Samson; the usual stock examples. But probably in this case borrowed from Lydgate's Balade, XIV. 4 (p. 295), which is certainly quoted thrice again below.

542. This line is made up from Lydgate's Balade, XIV. 29-33, and 26; so again l. 544 resembles the same, l. 24. And Lydgate merely versifies the medieval proverb: 'Fallere,' &c.; see note to XIV. 29; p. 516.

547. of kind, by nature; as in XIV. 29 (p. 296).

550. 'An housbond shal nat been inquisitif'; C. T., A 3163.

556. Citherea is right; see l. 50; MS. and Stowe have Cithera.

560. 'You that are provided already with a lady.'—Bell. Cf. l. 561.

561-3. eke, lyke, a permissible rime, at a time when e had gained the mod. E. sound. See note to l. 81 above.

570. See T. G. 143-6. With l. 577, cf. T. G. 50.

580. The reading blisful is certain; it is from T. G. 328:—'O blisful sterre, persant and ful of light.' The author uses persant below, in l. 849.

582. See the second of the interpolated stanzas in T. G., p. 21, ll. 6, 7:—

586. loves daunce; see references in the Glossary to vol. vi., s.v. Daunce.

589. In T. G. 144, the lovers are only many a thousand; in the Kingis Quair, st. 78, they are 'mony a' million; here they are a thousand million. Such is evolution.

591. 'redresse is elegantly put for redresser';—Bell. Then let the credit of it be Lydgate's; cf. 'Redresse of sorow, O Citheria'; T. G. 701.

592. Bell prints yheried, which is obviously right; but he does not say that both the MS. and Stowe have I hired; see Troil. ii. 973, iii. 7, 1804.

593. loves bond; founded on Boethius, lib. ii. met. 8, but doubtless taken from Troil. iii. 1766; see note in vol. ii. p. 483.

598, 603. 'Make him teschwe euere synne and vice'; T. G. 450.

611-3. Celsitude and pulcritude are words that savour of the revival of learning. Such words are common in Dunbar, who uses both of them. For celsitude, see Dunbar, ed. Small, p. 271, 76, and p. 325, 25; for pulcritude, see the same, p. 271, 74; p. 274, 2; p. 279, 5. He even rimes them together; p. 271. Hawes also uses pulchritude; Pastime of Pleasure, ed. Wright, pp. 5, 18.

614. Cf. 'Comparisoun may noon y-maked be'; Legend of Good Women, 122.

623. fere, fire (not fear); as in Troil. iii. 978.

628. Beseech, to beseech; note the anachronism in using the French infin. void-en with a suffix, and the Eng. beseech with none at all.

634. ure, destiny; from O.F. eur, Lat. augurium. A word that first appeared in Northern English; it occurs at least eight times in Barbour's Bruce. And in the Kingis Quair, st. 10, we have the whole phrase—'my fortúne and ure.' It is also used by Lydgate; see VIII. 151, 302, 482 (pp. 250, 254, 260).

641. An exact repetition of l. 633 above.

642. Here, for a wonder, is an example of the final e; the author took the whole phrase 'In thilk-ë place' from some previous author; cf. 'In thilke places' (sic); Rom. Rose, 660 (Thynne). sign, assign.

648. 'Bi god and be my trouthe'; T. G. 1011.

683. 'And holden werre alwey with chastitee'; C. T., A 2236.

684. I kepen; false grammar; equivalent to Lat. ego curamus.

688. yove, gave; but in l. 690 the form is gave. I suspect that in l. 690, gave should be gan, and that image (for images) is to be taken as a genitive case; then the sense is—'And I began anon to ponder and weigh in my heart her image's fresh beauty.'

701. The idea is due to Chaucer's Compleynt to Pity; cf. l. 1324.

702. Cf. 'Him deyneth nat to wreke him on a flye'; Legend of Good Women, 381.

703. eke him, him also; but perhaps read ete him.

704. Cf. 'and tendre herte'; C. T., A 150.

725. springen; false grammar, as it is a plural form.

727. endry, suffer, endure; so again in l. 941. This ridiculous hybrid is rightly excluded from the New E. Dict., which gives, however, several similar formations. It was coined by prefixing the F. prefix en-, with an intensive force, to M.E. drien, variant of dreogen, to endure (A.S. drēogan), Lowl. Sc. dree. No other author uses it.

732. spede, succeed; Stowe's alteration to speke is unnecessary.

749. 'How are you the nearer for loving,' &c.

751. fayn, put for feyn, i.e. feign, tell an untruth.

755. heth, heath. Here, and in l. 757, the author refers to two occasions when he was in great danger of falling in love; but he does not go into details.

768. Here we must read ee (eye) for the rime; in other cases it appears as eye, ye, y, riming with words in -y. This points to a somewhat late date; see note to l. 81 above. As for stremes, it is Lydgate's word for glances of the eye; see T. G. 263, 582. And Lydgate had it from Chaucer, who mostly uses it of sunbeams, but twice applies it to the beams from the eyes of Criseyde; Troil. i. 305, iii. 129.

782. flawe, generally explained as representing Lat. flauus, yellowish, or the O.F. flave, with the same sense. Her hair was gold, so her eyebrows may have been of a similar colour. I suspect that flawe was a Northern form; cf. braw, as a Northern variant of brave.

783. mene disseverance, a moderate distance; evidently meant with reference to Criseyde, whose one demerit was that her eye-brows joined each other; Troil. v. 813.

787. milk-whyt path, the galaxy, or milky way; but surely this is quite a unique application of it, viz. to the prominent ridge of Rosial's nose.

789. smaragde, emerald. The eyes of Beatrice are called smeraldi; Dante, Purg. xxxi. 116. Juliet's nurse said that an eagle's eye was not so green as that of Paris; Romeo, iii. 5. 222. Eyes in Chaucer are usually 'as gray as glas'; the O.F. vair, an epithet for eyes, meant grayish-blue.

797. basse, kiss, buss; see Bass in the New E. Dict. ben is yet another instance of a false concord; read be, as basse is singular. See next note.

798. Cornelius Maximianus Gallus, a poet of the sixth century, wrote six elegies which have come down to us. The quotation referred to occurs in the first Elegy (ll. 97-8), which is also quoted by Chaucer; see note to C. T., C 727 (vol. v. p. 287). The lines are:—

Hence the epithet Flaming in l. 793.

810. bend, a band, sash; see New E. Dict., s.v. Bend (2), sb., 1. a.

811. 'With hair in tresses'; like Criseyde's; see Troil. v. 810.

813. Cf. the Assembly of Ladies, 533-4 (p. 397):—

See also the Kingis Quair, st. 48.

815-6. See my note to Ch. Minor Poems, XXI. 20 (vol. i. p. 566).

821. Calixto, Callisto; called Calixte in Parl. Foules, 286. The story is in Ovid, Met. ii. 409, Alcmenia, Alcmene, mother of Hercules; see Ovid, Met. ix. 281; cf. Troil. iii. 1428; T. G. 123.

823. Europa, the story is in Ovid, Met. ii. 858. See Legend of Good Women, 113, and the note; T. G. 118.

824. Dane, Danae, mother of Perseus; see Ovid, Met. iv. 610. In Chaucer, C. T., A 2062, Dane means Daphne. Antiopa, mother of Amphion and Zethus; it may be noted that Jupiter's intrigues with Europa, Antiopa, Alcmene, and Danae, are all mentioned together in Ovid, Met. vi. 103-13. It follows that our author had read Ovid.

831. 'There is no lak, saue onli of pitè'; T. G. 749.

841. The word the was probably written like ye, giving, apparently, the reading ye ye; then one of these was dropped. The long passage in ll. 841-903 may be compared with the pleadings of the lover in La Belle Dame sans Merci (p. 307, above); with T. G. 970-1039; and with the Kingis Quair, st. 99. Note the expression 'of beaute rote,' T. G. 972; and 'Princes of youthe,' T. G. 970 (two lines above); see l. 843.

849. persant, piercing; common in Lydgate; T. G. 328, 756, 1341; Black Knight, 28, 358, 591, 613. Cf. 'And with the stremes of your percyng light'; Kingis Quair, 103.

852-3. Cf. T. G. 1038-9; Kingis Quair, st. 103, l. 7.

858. 'Of verrey routhe upon my peynes rewe'; T. G. 1001.

865. 'To love him best ne shal I never repente'; The Compleynt of Venus, 56, 64, 72. See note to l. 875.

872-3. Referring to Ch. Troilus, and Legend of Good Women, 580. 'To ben as trewe as was Antonyus To Cleopatre'; T. G. 778.

874. thinkes; observe this Northern form.

875. 'And therfore, certes, to myn ending-day'; The Compleynt of Venus, 55. See note to l. 865.

882. expert, experienced; 'expert in love,' Troil. ii. 1367.

891. 'With al my hert I thanke yow of youre profre'; T. G. 1060.

897. Read I; this the scribe must have mistaken for the contraction for 'and.'

901. 'And I beseech you not to be disdainful.'

902. seen my wil, to see what I wish; but surely wil is an error for bill, petition; see l. 916. Then rede means 'read it.'

906. com of, be quick; see Troil. ii. 1738, 1742, 1750; and the numerous examples in Schick's note to T. G. 1272.

911. Stowe, like the MS., ends the line with why. Bell supplied makes thou straunge.

913. Cambrige; this form is not found till after 1400. Chaucer has Cant-e-brigg-e (C. T., A 3921) in four syllables, which appears as Cambrugge in the late Lansdowne MS., after 1420. See Skeat, A Student's Pastime, pp. 397-8.

922. and have, i.e. and have loved. On this construction, see Schick's note to T. G. 1275.

925-7. I ... doon; more false grammar; equivalent to Lat. ego faciamus.

929. 'And, whan I trespace, goodli me correcte'; T. G. 1018.

931-52. Compare the answers of the lady in La Belle Dame sans Merci (p. 309, &c.).

988-9. Cf. Parl. Foules, 90-1; Compl. to his Lady, 47-9.

998. dwale, an opiate, a sleeping-draught; made from the dwale or 'deadly nightshade' (Atropa belladonna). It occurs once in Chaucer; C. T., A 4161. See my note to P. Plowman, C. xxiii. 379.

1000. y-wis afrayed, (being) certainly frightened. The use of y-wis in such a position is most unusual.

1016-7. 'Right as the fressh[e] rodi rose nwe Of hir coloure to wexin she bigan'; T. G. 1042-3.

1023. Something is lost here. There is no gap in the MS.; but there was probably one in the MS. from which it was copied. I think six stanzas are lost; see the Introduction.

1032-3. 'And their fellow-furtherer,' i.e. fellow-helper.

1034. Dred is one of the personifications from the Roman de la Rose; see Rom. Rose, 3958; so in T. G. 631.

1040. 'Gall under honey'; see l. 542 above. Cf. T. G. 192.

1042. 'Lay aside your confidence (courage), for all her white (flattering) words'; cf. Troil. iii. 901.

1045. thow wot, false grammar for thou wost.

1049. The ton = thet on, the one; the toder = thet oder, the other. Oder is a remarkable form; see Halliwell. So also brodur, in Le Bon Florence of Rome, ed. Ritson, 931.

1053-4. 'Hir kind is fret with doublenesse'; XIII. 80 (p. 293).

1055. 'So I cast about to get rid of Despair's company'; hence taken, in l. 1056, is in the infin. mood.

1058. bay-window; cf. Assembly of Ladies, 163. The earliest known quotation for bay-window is dated 1428, in a prosaic document.

1060. 'As any ravenes fether it shoon for-blak'; spoken of hair; C. T., A 2144.

1065. 'Ther needeth non auctoritee allegge'; C. T., A 3000.

1072. Cf. Troil. ii. 855-61.

1083. were, wear; altered by Bell to ware, which is a form of the past tense.

1087. she seems to be spoken casually of some woman in the company; and prety man, in l. 1088, is used in a similar way.

goth on patens, walks in pattens. A very early example of the word paten. It occurs in Palsgrave (1530). fete, neat, smart; used by Lydgate; see Feat in the New E. Dict.

1095. Here the author comes back again to the Temple of Glas, 143-246, which see; and cf. The Kingis Quair, stanzas 79-93.

1096. black, Dominican friars; white, Carmelites; gray, Franciscans.

1100. From T. G. 196-206; for the nuns, see T. G. 207-8.

1104. 'In wide copis perfeccion to feine'; T. G. 204. See l. 1116.

1106. 'That on hir freendis al the wite they leide'; T. G. 208.

1116. 'In wide copis perfeccion to feine'; T. G. 204.

1134. 'Ther thou were weel, fro thennes artow weyved'; C. T., B 308.

1136. Cf. 'With sobbing teris, and with ful pitous soune'; T. G. 197.

1139. Cf. 'And other eke, that for pouertè'; T. G. 159.

1150. prang, pang (MS. prange; and so in Stowe); altered to pang by Bell and Morris. 'Pronge, Erumpna' [aerumna]; Prompt. Parv. 'Throwe [throe], womannys pronge, Erumpna'; the same. 'Prange, oppression, or constraint'; Hexham's Dutch Dict. Cf. Gothic: 'in allamma ana-pragganai,' we were troubled on every side, 2 Cor. vii. 5; where gg is written for ng, as in Greek. The mod. E. pang seems to have been made out of it, perhaps by confusion with pank, to pant.

1160, 1164. 'And pitousli on god and kynde pleyne'; T. G. 224. But the context requires the reading god of kind, i.e. God of nature. In l. 1166, leften must be meant for a pp.; if so, it is erroneously formed, just like kepten above; see note to l. 526.

1173. werdes, Fates; obviously the right reading; yet the MS., Stowe, and Morris have wordes, and Bell alters the line. The confusion between e and o at this time is endless. See Werdes, Wierdes in the Gloss. to Chaucer.

1177. he, another of the company; cf. she in l. 1087. Both Morris and Bell alter the text. Bell reminds us that the character here described is that of Shakespeare's Benedict. But it is obviously copied from Troilus! see Troil. i. 904-38.

1189. The word post is from Troil. i. 1000: 'That thou shalt be the beste post, I leve, Of al his lay.'

1198. Shamefastness, Bashfulness; borrowed from Honte in the Rom. de la Rose, 2821; called Shame in the E. version, 3034. Hence the reference to roses in l. 1203, though it comes in naturally enough.

1211. were not she, if it had not been for her.

1213. returnith, turns them back again; used transitively.

1218. 'When Bashfulness is dead, Despair will be heir' (will succeed in her place). Too bold lovers would be dismissed.

1219. Avaunter, Boaster; as in Troil. iii. 308-14. The line sounds like an echo of 'Have at thee, Jason! now thyn horn is blowe!' Legend of Good Women, 1383.

1222. wowe, woo; evidently the right reading; so in Morris. Cf. The Letter of Cupid, V. 274-80 (p. 226).

1238. statut, i.e. the sixteenth statute (l. 435).

1242. 'Avauntour and a lyere, al is on'; Troil. iii. 309.

1253. sojoure, sojourn, dwell, used quite wrongly; for O.F. sojur (originally sojorn) is a sb. only, like mod. F. séjour. The O.F. verb was sojorner, sojourner, whence M.E. sojornen, sojournen, correctly used by Chaucer. The sb. sojour occurs in Rom. Rose, 4282, 5150. The mistake is so bad that even the scribe has here written soiorne; but, unluckily, this destroys the rime.

1255. 'Envy is admirably represented as rocking himself to and fro with vexation, as he sits, dark, in a corner.'—Bell. For all this, I suspect the right word is rouketh, i.e. cowers, as in C. T., A 1308. Rokken is properly transitive, as in C. T., A 4157.

1257. For the description of Envy, see Rom. Rose, 247. But the author (in l. 1259) refers us to Ovid, Met. ii. 775-82, q. v.

1259. Methamorphosose; this terrible word is meant for Metamorphoseos, the form used by Chaucer, C. T., B 93. But the true ending is -eōn, gen. pl. The scribe has altered the suffix to -ees, thus carelessly destroying the rime.

1268. Prevy Thought is taken from Doux-Pensers in the Rom. de la Rose, 2633, called Swete-Thought in the E. Version, 2799; see the passage.

1288. Cf. 'Hir person he shal afore him sette'; R. R. 2808.

1290. Cf. 'This comfort wol I that thou take'; R. R. 2821.

1295. Cf. 'Awey his anger for to dryve'; R. R. 2800.

1315. Schick refers us, for this fiction, to the Rom. Rose, 939-82, where Cupid has two sets of arrows, one set of gold, and the other set black. Gower, Conf. Amantis (ed. Pauli, i. 336), says that Cupid shot Phœbus with a dart of gold, but Daphne with a dart of lead. In the Kingis Quair, stanzas 94-5, Cupid has three arrows, one of gold, one of silver, and one of steel. But the fact is, that our author, like Gower, simply followed Ovid, Met. i. 470-1. Let Dryden explain it:—

1317. There is here a gap in the story. The speaker is Rosial, and she is addressing Philogenet, expressing herself favourably.

1319-20. hight, promised. had, would have.

1324. she, i.e. Pity, as in l. 701.

1328. MS. tender reich; Stowe, tenderiche; which must be wrong; read tender reuth. Confusion between ch and th is common. where I found, where I (formerly) found much lack.

1332. For Pity's golden shrine, see l. 694.

1353. This notion of making the birds sing matins and lauds is hinted at in the Cuckoo and Nightingale—'That they begonne of May to don hir houres'; l. 70. It is obviously varied from Chaucer's Parl. Foules, where all the birds sing a roundel before departing. Next, we find the idea expanded by Lydgate, in the poem called Devotions of the Fowls; Minor Poems, ed. Halliwell, p. 78; the singers are the popinjay, the pelican, the nightingale, the lark, and the dove. All these reappear here, except the pelican. A chorus of birds, including the mavis, merle, lark, and nightingale, is introduced at the close of Dunbar's Thistle and Rose. The present passage was probably suggested by Lydgate's poem, but is conceived in a lighter vein.

The Latin quotations are easily followed by comparing them with The Prymer, or Lay Folks' Prayer-Book, ed. Littlehales (E. E. T. S.). They all appear in this 'common medieval Prayer-book'; and, in particular, in the Matins and Lauds of the Hours of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The Matins end at l. 1407. The Matins contain:—the opening, the Venite, a Hymn, three Psalms, an Antiphon, Versicles and Responses, three Lessons (each with Versicles and Responses), and the Te Deum. The Lauds contain:—the opening, eight Psalms (the Benedicite considered as one), Antiphon, Chapter, Hymn, the Benedictus; &c. I point out the correspondences below.

1354. Observe that the nightingale sings in a hawthorn in the Cuckoo and Nightingale, 287 (p. 358).

1356. Domine, labia mea aperies, Lord, open thou my lips; 'the opening' of Matins.

1358. bewrye, a variant of bewreye, to bewray; used by Dunbar.

1359. Venite, exultemus, Ps. xcv (Vulgate, xciv); still in use.

1362. 'The unhappy chorister who comes late skulks in behind the desks and stalls.'—Bell.

1364. Domine, Dominus noster, Ps. viii. The 'first psalm.'

1366. Celi enarrant, Ps. xix (Vulgate, xviii). The 'second psalm.'

1370. Domini est terra, Ps. xxiv (Vulgate, xxiii). The 'third psalm.' this Laten intent, this Latin signifies; intent is the contracted form of intendeth; by analogy with went for wendeth.

1372. A queer reminiscence of Troil. iii. 690:—'There was no more to skippen nor to traunce.'

1373. Jube, Domine, benedicere, 'Lord, comaunde us to blesse'; versicle preceding the first lesson; which explains l. 1374.

1375. Cf. 'Legende of Martres'; Letter of Cupid, 316 (p. 227); and the note.

1380. Here follows the second lesson. The lectorn is the mod. E. lectern, which supports the book from which the lessons are read.

1384. 'The glad month of us who sing.' Cf. 'lepten on the spray'; Cuckoo and Nightingale, 77 (p. 350).

1387. Here follows the third lesson, read by the dove.

1390. This looks like an allusion to the endless joke upon cuckolds, who are said, in our dramatists, to 'wear the horn'; which the offender is said 'to give.' If so, it is surely a very early allusion. Here give an horn = to scorn, mock.

1400. Tu autem, domine, miserere nobis, 'thou, lord, have merci of us,' said at the conclusion of each lesson; to which all responded Deo gratias, 'thanke we god!' See The Prymer, p. 5.

1401. Te deum amoris; substituted for Te deum laudamus, which is still in use; which concludes the matins.

1402. Tuball, who was supposed to have been 'the first musician.' As to this error, see note in vol. i. p. 492 (l. 1162).

1408. Dominus regnavit, Ps. xciii (Vulgate, xcii); the 'first psalm' at Lauds.

1411. Jubilate deo, Ps. c (Vulgate, xcix); the 'second psalm.' The third and fourth psalms are not mentioned.

1413. Benedicite, omnia opera; still in use in our morning service; counted as the 'fifth psalm.'

1415. Laudate dominum, Ps. cxlviii; the 'sixth psalm.' The seventh and eighth are passed over.

1416. O admirabile; the anthem. The E. version is:—'O thou wonderful chaunge! the makere of mankynde, takynge a bodi with a soule of a maide vouchide sauf be bore [born]; and so, forth-goynge man, with-outen seed, yaf to us his godhede'; Prymer, p. 12. The 'chapter' and hymn are omitted.

1422. Benedictus Dominus Deus Israel; still in use in our morning service. This is the last extract from 'the hours.'

1434. 'She gadereth floures, party whyte and rede To make a sotil garland'; C. T., A 1053.

1436. This is exactly like 'the battle of the flowers,' as seen in Italy.

1437. the gold, the marigold; see C. T., A 1929.

1440. trew-love; a name for herb paris (Paris quadrifolia). But as the 'true-love' is described as being plited, i.e. folded, it must rather be supposed to mean a true lover's knot or love-knot, which was simply a bow of ribbon given as a token of affection, and frequently worn by the lover afterwards. The bestowal of this token nearly made an end of him.

XXV. VIRELAI.

Not a true virelay, as the ending -ing does not reappear in the second stanza; for a correct example, see note to Anelida and Arcite, 256 (vol. i. p. 536). But it is of the nature of a virelay, inasmuch as the rime -ate, which concludes the first stanza, reappears in the second; and similarly, the ending -ure, which concludes the second stanza, reappears in the third; and so on, with the rime-endings -ain and -aunce. Compare the poem by Lord Rivers, in the same metre, alluded to in vol. i. p. 42.

11. ure, destiny; as above, sect. XXIV. 634 (and note, p. 546).

20. The pronunciation of ende as ind is not uncommon in East Anglia, and may have been intended.

XXVI. PROSPERITY.

From John Walton's translation of Boethius, A.D. 1410. See the Introduction.

XXVII. LEAULTE VAULT RICHESSE.

From the same MS. as the last.

7. don but lent, lit. 'done but lent,' i.e. merely lent (you). For this idiom, see note to Ch. C. T., B 171 (vol. v. p. 145).

XXVIII. SAYINGS.

5. Cf. Shak. King Lear, iii. 2. 91; see the Introduction.

XXIX. BALADE.

This Balade, printed by Stowe, seems like a poor imitation of the style of Lydgate.

GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

References to I. (The Testament of Love) are to the Book, Chapter, and Line; thus 'I. ii. 1. 7' = Testament of Love, bk. ii. ch. 1. l. 7. References containing 'pr.' refer to the prologue to the same. In all other cases, the references are to the piece and to the line: thus 'V. 50' = Letter of Cupid, l. 50.

A, v. have, I. i. 2. 173; ger. I. i. 5. 93.

A deblys, (perhaps) to the devil, as if devoted to the devil, I. ii. 13. 99. See the note.

A dewe, (perhaps for à dieu), I. ii. 13. 99. See the note.

A this halfe, on this side, below, I. i. 9. 39.

A. b. c., s. alphabet, I. ii. 1. 113.

Abacke, adv. backward, III. 300; Abakke, VIII. 326.

Abbeys, s. pl. abbeys, XXIV. 1115.

Abeisen, v. (for Abasen), abase, put down, reprove, XXIV. 738.

Abit, pr. s. abides, IV. 284; XIII. 30.

Able, imp. s. enable, VII. 32; Abled, pp. I. ii. 9. 95; fitted, I. ii. 6. 4.

Abode, 2 pt. s. didst abide, I. ii. 4. 101; Abood, pt. s. remained, I. i. 5. 31.

Abouten, adv. all about, all round, I. ii. 8. 37.

Abregge, ger. to abridge, shorten, XIX. 18.

Abreyde, ger. to start up, awake, VIII. 15; Abraid, pt. s. started, went suddenly, XVII. 45; Abrayde, awoke, VIII. 154.

Abydinge, s. waiting, delay, I. i. 3. 38.

Abye, v. pay for (it), II. 1233; pay for, II. 1199.

Abyme, s. the abyss, X. 136.

A-cale, pp. as adj. frozen, afflicted with the cold, II. 71.

Accept, pp. accepted (as), I. ii. 13. 36; Accepte, as adj. pl. accepted, VIII. 427.

Acces, s. feverish attack, VIII. 229; XVIII. 39; Accesse, VIII. 136.

Accident, s. accidental quality, I. ii. 7. 144; accident, II. 1222.

Accompte, 1 pr. s. account, I. ii. 13. 91; pp. I. ii. 9. 48.

Accomptes, s. pl. accounts, II. 778.

Accord, s. agreement, XVIII. 280.

Accordaunce, s. agreement, I. ii. 5. 27.

Accordaunt, adj. agreeing, XVIII. 83.

Accorde, ger. to agree, to rime, II. 477; pr. s. suits, VIII. 183; 2 pr. pl. agree, III. 212; pr. pl. I. ii. 5. 26; pres. pt. XX. 112. See Acorde.

Acertained, pp. made sure, informed, XX. 568.

Achates, s. pl. purchases, I. ii. 2. 48.

Acomered, pp. encumbered, I. iii. 5. 57; troubled, I. iii. 7. 41.

Acompt, v. reckon, I. ii. 10. 88.

Acordaunces, s. pl. agreements, I. ii. 8. 54.

Acorde, ger. to agree, I. ii. 8. 47; pr. s. I. ii. 2. 52; pr. pl. IX. 210; a. nothing, in no wise agree, I. ii. 2. 74.

Acorn, s. acorn, VIII. 73.

A-croke, adv. amiss, XXIV. 378.

A-dayes, adv. by day-time, XXII. 34.

Adherand, pres. pt. cleaving, I. i. 9. 103.

Admirall, s. prince, chief, II. 194.

Adnulled, pp. annulled, I. iii. 3. 49.

Adnullinge, s. annulling, I. i. 4. 22.

Ado, to do, VIII. 161.

A-down, adv. down here, II. 1319.

A-drad, pp. afraid, I. ii 7. 61; IV. 89; filled with fear, I. i. 2. 12, 182.

Adulacioun, s. flattery, XII. 61.

Adversair, s. adversary, XXIV. 1035.

Advertence, s. attention, XI. 61.

Adverteth, imp. pl. heed, note, XIII. 45.

A-ferd, pp. afraid, II. 433; Aferde, I. i. 2. 10.

A-fere, on fire, X. 129.

A-ferre, adv. afar, VIII. 610.

Affect, s. desire, I. iii. 9. 43.

Affectuously, adv. with desire, I. iii. 6. 64.

Affermed, pp. affirmed, IV. 13.

Affiched, pp. fixed, set, I. ii. 9. 28.

Affirmatif, s. the affirmative, I. iii. 8. 40.

Affray, s. conflict, trouble, XX. 374.

Affrayed, pp. frightened away, XVIII. 235; frightened, XXIV. 1000.

Affy, v. trust, XXVII. 3; Affye, pr. pl. X. 63.

Aforn, adv. previously, VIII. 451; X. 107.

Afray, ger. to frighten, II. 859.

After, adv. afterwards, XVI. 380; After as, according as, I. i. pr. 44.

After, prep. for, I. ii. 3. 35; i.e. to get, I. ii. 14. 94; After oon, i.e. always alike, XVI. 161.

After-game, s. second game, return-match, XVI. 523.

After-reward, s. following reward, I. iii. 2. 123.

Agadred, pp. gathered together, II. 1335.

Agasteth, pr. s. frightens greatly, I. ii. 7. 77.

Agilted, pt. s. sinned against, II. 1308.

Agnelet, s. little lamb, X. 123.

Agnus-castus (see the note, p. 531), XX. 160.

Agoon, pp. gone away, VIII. 24; Ago, XVII. 238.

Agramed, pp. angered, II. 343.

Agryse, v. feel terror, II. 360, 841, 1216; XVIII. 15; pr. pl. subj. let them fear, II. 961.

Ague, s. feverish attack, IX. 37.

Air, adv. early, XVII. 82.

Akele, v. cool, XXIV. 1076.

Aken, pr. pl. ache, IV. 260; Ake, VIII. 524.

A-knowe, pp. perceived, recognised, XXIV. 1199.

Al, conj. although, I. i. 7. 61.

Alay, s. alloy, I. ii. 4. 131; Alayes, pl. VII. 136.

Alaye, v. allay, VIII. 109.

Alday, adv. continually, I. i. 2. 162; IV. 270.

Alder-last, adv. last of all, VIII. 561.

Aldernext, adj. next of all, XV. a. 3.

Ale, s. ale, II. 432.

Alegeaunce, s. alleviation, XVI. 54.

Aleged, pp. alleged, adduced, I. ii. 9. 143.

Alegement, s. alleviation, XII. 32.

Alegge, v. alleviate (me), XIX. 26.

Algate, adv. in any case, IV. 249; VIII. 519; always, IV. 271.

Algates, adv. in all ways, I. iii. 6. 14; at any rate, I. ii. 5. 71.

A-lighte, v. be glad, be cheerful, I. i. 3. 71.

Allegeaunce, s. alleviation, relief, XVI. 725; XXIV. 886; XXV. 17.

All-holyest, adj. holiest of all, II. 201.

Almesse, s. alms, II. 301; XXIII. 7; Almous, (his) pittance, XVII. 392.

Almoigner, s. almoner, I. i. pr. 108.

Aloes, s. aloes, I. i. 1. 100.

Al-only, adv. only, I. iii. 3. 44.

A-loughter, a-laughing, XXIV. 1426.

Al-out, adv. altogether outside, XVI. 575.

Alowe, pr. s. subj. may (He) approve, II. 1379; Alowed, pp. approved of, I. i. 8. 7.

Als, adv. as, XVII. 161, 571; Al-so, as, XII. 85.

Alterait, pp. altered, XVII. 227.

Alther-grettest, adj. greatest of all, very great, XVI. 298.

Alther-last, adv. last of all, VIII. 503.

A-maistry, v. conquer, I. ii. 11. 63; rule, I. i. 2. 105; Amaistrien, v. subdue, I. ii. 11. 32; pr. s. masters, overpowers, I. ii. 9. 60; compels, I. iii. 6. 157; pp. conquered, got by mastery, I. ii. 11. 59; overcome, I. i. 4. 28.

Amat, pp. cast down, VIII. 168.

Amayed, pp. dismayed, XVIII. 232.

Ambes as, double aces, XIII. 78. See note, p. 515.

Amendes, s. pl. amends, retribution, II. 1090.

Amerced, pp. fined, II. 1023.

Amisse-going, s. trespass, I. ii. 14. 94.

Amonesteth, pr. s. admonishes, I. i. 6. 109.

Among, adv. meanwhile, VIII. 154; X. 86; XXI. 300.

And, conj. if, I. i. 8. 13.

Ane, a, XVII. 1.

Aneuch, adj. enough, XVII. 110, 350.

Anguis, adj. distressful, I. ii. 8. 120; I. ii. 10. 94. See N. E. D.

A-night, by night, XIX. 23.

Anis, adv. once, XVII. 127.

Ankers, s. pl. anchors, I. ii. 10. 117.

Anon-right, adv. immediately, XX. 397, 402.

Anoy, s. vexation, I. ii. 1. 34; Annoy, discomfort, XX. 389.

Anoynt, pp. anointed, IV. 274.

Antecedent, s. antecedent statement, premiss, I. ii. 5. 12.

Anulled, pp. annulled, I. iii. 2. 81.

A-pace, adv. quickly, VIII. 120.

Apal, v. be appalled, faint, XXII. 15.

Apart, adv. apart, XXIV. 1400.

Apayed, pp. pleased, satisfied, III. 133, 248; Apayd, XXI. 208; wel a., well pleased, XVIII. 231; evel a., ill pleased, XVIII. 92.

Apayred, pp. depreciated, I. ii. 1. 66.

Apeche, pr. pl. impeach, XIII. 88; Apeched, pp. I. i. 9. 138.

Apend, v. belong, II. 666.

A-per-se, A by itself, the chief letter, prime thing, XVII. 78.

Apert, adj. open; prevy nor apert, secret nor open, in no respect, XVI. 174.

Apertly, adv. openly, I. iii. 8. 108; without concealment, I. i. 8. 29; Apertely, I. iii. 2. 28.

Apeted, pp. sought after, I. ii. 13. 53. See the note, p. 476.

Apeyre, v. suffer evil, be harmed, XVIII. 170; Apeyred, pp. injured, I. iii. 5. 24; defamed, I. i. 6. 11.

Apeyse, v. appease, XVI. 391.

A-place, into its right place, IV. 50.

Apostata, s. apostate, III. 37, 312; Apostatas, pl. III. 43.

Appair, v. blame, harm, XXIV. 416.

Appalle, pr. s. subj. fade, VI. 8.

Apparaile, s. ornamentation, XXIV. 114.

Apparaylen, pr. pl. attempt, I. i. 6. 171.

Appeired, pp. impaired, XX. 553; harmed (i.e. much harm is done), I. ii. 6. 161.

Apperceyved, pp. perceived, I. i. 2. 34.

Appertly, adv. openly, evidently, I. ii. 9. 178.

Appropred, pp. appropriated, reserved, I. ii. 6. 63; assigned, VI. 34.

Aptes, s. pl. natural tendencies, I. iii. 6. 60. (Unique.)

Aquytest, pr. s. payest, I. iii. 7. 152.

Ar, pr. pl. are; It ar, they are, XVI. 531.

Arayse, ger. to raise, I. ii. 14. 45.

Arbitrement, s. choice, I. iii. 2. 128; I. iii. 3. 76.

Areir, adv. behindhand, XVII. 423.

Arered, pp. set up, I. i. 5. 124.

Arest, s. spear-rest, XX. 282. 'With spere in thyn arest alway'; Rom. Rose, 7561.

Arest, s. stopping, arresting, I. ii. 6. 83; arrest, I. ii. 10. 98.

Areysed, pp. raised up, I. ii. 5. 113; raised, V. 144.

Ark, s. arc, course, VIII. 590.

Arke, s. ark, X. 134.

Armony, s. harmony, I. ii. 9. 9; I. ii. 13. 75; XXIV. 1403.

Armure, s. armour, XIII. 101.

Arn, pr. pl. are, VI. 43; IX. 153.

Arras, s. cloth of Arras, XXIV. 115.

Arsmetrike, s. arithmetic, I. iii. 1. 68.

Arted, pl. s. provoked, XXIV. 46.

Artyk, adj. northern, XVII. 20.

As, with imp., pray, V. 30; As than, at that time, just then, XVII. 27.

As, s. pl. aces, XIII. 78.

Ash, s. ash-tree, VIII. 73.

Askaunce, adv. askance, aside, XVI. 604.

Asker, s. one who asks, I. ii. 3. 30.

Askes, s. pl. ashes (i.e. penance), II. 943.

Asketh, pr. s. requires, I. i. pr. 124; I. ii. 5. 28.

Aslaken, v. assuage, XXIV. 710.

Asotted, pp. besotted, XVI. 682.

Assay, s. trial, I. i. 5. 53; V. 147; attempt, XVI. 572; Assayes, pl. trials, I. ii. 3. 72.

Assembled, pt. s. brought (them) together, XVI. 691.

Assentaunt, pres. pt. assenting, I. i. 6. 53, 87; I. iii. 6. 150.

Asshen, s. pl. ashes, I. iii. 7. 38.

Assomoned, pp. summoned, XXIV. 170.

Assoyle, ger. to explain, I. iii. 4. 18; Asoile, v. answer, XXIV. 1283; pp. explained, I. iii. 4. 255; absolved, III. 312.

Assyse, s. way, fashion, II. 843; size, XXIV. 1313; of a., of a like size, suitable to each other, XXI. 531.

Assysed, pp. fixed, set; or perhaps, assessed, rated, IV. 332; regulated, IV. 236.

Astarte, pt. s. escaped, II. 1350.

Astate, s. estate, rank, XXIV. 47.

Asterte, v. escape, I. i. 7. 87; V. 38; VIII. 490; start aside, give way, I. ii. 1. 70; pr. s. subj. escape, IX. 234; pt. s. escaped, XXIV. 148.

Astonied, pp. astonished, I. i. 2. 17; XX. 102.

Astrangled, pp. strangled, I. iii. 7. 128.

Astray, adv. astray, II. 673; XX. 285.

Astronomye, s. astronomy, I. iii. 1. 69.

Asured, pp. rendered blue, blue, I. ii. 13. 78.

At, prep. from, XVII. 258.

Ataste, v. taste, I. i. 1. 101; I. iii. 7. 7; Atasted, pp. I. iii. 5. 91.

A-throted, pp. throttled, strangled, I. ii. 5. 71. (Unique.)

Atour, prep. beyond, XVII. 162.

Attame, v. subdue (lit. tame), XVI. 707. See Atame in N. E. D.

Attemperaunce, s. Moderation, XXI. 507.

Attempre, adj. temperate, VIII. 57.

Attourney, s. attorney, I. i. 8. 111; VIII. 281.

Attyred, pp. attired, II. 192.

Auctoritè, s. authority, I. i. 4. 9; XVI. 137.

Auctour, s. author, I. iii. 4. 245.

Augrim, s. arithmetic, I. ii. 7. 83.

Auld, adj. old, XVII. 32.

Auncestrye, s. ancestry, IV. 12; Auncetrye, XXIV. 1242.

Aureat, adj. golden, X. 13; XXIV. 817.

Aurore, s. dawn, XIX. 22.

Auter, s. altar, I. ii. 2. 57.

Authorysed, pp. considered as authoritative, IV. 330; Authoreist, pp. authorised, XVII. 66.

Authour, s. author, I. iii. 1. 169.

Autumpne, s. autumn, VIII. 63.

Availe, s. value; esier a., less value, or, easier to obtain, XXIV. 116.

Avantours, s. pl. boasters, XVI. 814. See note, p. 520.

Avaunce, s. advancement, II. 215.

Avaunce, v. promote, VIII. 354; X. 7; succeed, XIII. 75; imp. s. refl. advance, come forward, approach, XVI. 801; pt. pl. refl. advanced, came forward, XVI. 157; pp. promoted, I. i. 7. 69.

Avauncement, s. promotion, I. iii. 8. 145.

Avaunt, s. boast, V. 64; XVI. 732.

Avaunte, 1 pr. s. boast, I. i. 6. 186; pr. pl. boast, I. ii. 2. 124.

Avauntour, s. boaster, XVI. 735, 739; Avaunter, Boaster, XXIV. 1219.

Avayl, s. prevalence, XXI. 649.

Avayl, v. be of use, II. 1080; pp. made valid, IV. 191; pres. pt. useful, I. i. 7. 96.

Aventure, s. fortune, XVI. 499; luck, XVI. 856.

Aver, s. wealth, I. i. 10. 19. A. F. aveir, F. avoir.

Avisee, adj. prudent, IX. 215; XII. 4.

Avoide, ger. to depart, I. i. 1. 131.

Avow, s. vow, II. 29; XVIII. 229; Avowe, IX. 93.

Avowe, v. vow, IV. 243; XVIII. 229; own, acknowledge (it), II. 1374.

Avowing, s. vowing, I. i. 3. 64.

Avowries, s. pl. protectors, III. 355.

Avyse, s. advice, XVI. 225; XXI. 189; consideration, VIII. 464.

Avysement, s. consideration, VIII. 278; XVIII. 272.

Avysenesse, s. Advisedness, XXI. 343.

Avysinge, pres. pt. considering, I. i. 4. 5.

Awayt, s. lying in wait, watching an opportunity, XVI. 341; attendance, VIII. 408; ambush, snare, XVI. 778.

Awayte, v. wait, XVI. 474; ger. to wait for, try, XVI. 555.

Awayward, adv. away, I. i. 1. 115; aside, XVI. 89.

A-werke, at work, I. ii. 3. 124; I. iii. 6. 67.

A-whaped, pp. amazed, VIII. 168.

Awin, adj. own, XVII. 275.

Awreke, pp. avenged, XVIII. 215.

Awter, s. alter, XXIV. 325.

Axe, v. ask, III. 24.

Axing, s. asking, request, V. 122.

Ay, s. egg, II. 862.

Ayein, adv. back again, XVI. 504.

Ayen-bringe, v. bring back, I. i. 2. 77.

Ayencoming, pres. pt. returning, I. iii. 9. 66.

Ayenës, prep. in return for, II. 1297; Ayens, ready for, VIII. 63.

Ayen-looking, pres. pt. looking back, I. i. 8. 17.

Ayenst, prep. against, II. 826.

Ayenturning, s. power of turning again, I. ii. 7. 136.

Ayenward, adv. back again, I. ii. 6. 15; in return, I. i. 2. 102; on the contrary, on the other hand, I. iii. 4. 130; XVI. 18.

Ayre, s. air, XVI. 384.

Azure, s. azure, i.e. lapis lazuli, I. iii. 5. 124, 132.

Badde, adj. bad, evil, I. ii. 13. 11.

Badde-meninge, adj. ill-intentioned, I. ii. 1. 94; I. ii. 13. 16.

Baid, pt. s. abode, XVII. 490.

Baill, s. bale, sorrow, XVII. 110; harm, XVII. 413.

Bair, s. boar, XVII. 193.

Bair, adj. bare, XVII. 180, 206.

Bait, s. food (for horses), XVII. 210.

Bait, v. feed, XXIV. 194 (see note, p. 543); Baited, pp. baited, II. 648.

Bakbyte, ger. to backbite, XII. 124.

Bakker-more, adv. further back, XVI. 85.

Bal, s. ball, IV. 296; eye-ball, I. i. 4. 2.

Balaunce, s. balance, IV. 263; the balance, XIII. 91; in b., in His sway, XVI. 851.

Balays, s. balas-ruby, XXI. 536; Baleis, XXIV. 80.

Bale, s. evil, I. ii. 9. 143.

Balefull, adj. evil, II. 120, 1234.

Balke, s. balk, check, difficulty, II. 488.

Ball, s. a horse's name, II. 402.

Ballet, s. ballad, poem, XVII. 610.

Bandon, s. disposal, I. ii. 5. 107.

Banere, s. banner, XX. 211.

Bankes, s. pl. banks, I. ii. 14. 44. See note to l. 40, p. 478.

Bankouris, s. pl. benches, soft seats, XVII. 417.

Banne, pr. pl. swear, XXIV. 1143.

Baptyme, s. baptism, III. 93.

Bar, pt. s. bore, carried, XX. 254, 257.

Bareyne, adj. barren, void, V. 298.

Bargaret, s. a pastoral song, XX. 348. See note, p. 533.

Barge, s. boat, XXIV. 187; ship, IV. 231.

Baselardes, s. pl. short swords, II. 918.

Basse, s. base, I. ii. 7. 90.

Basse, s. kiss, buss, XXIV. 797.

Batayled, pp. assaulted, IV. 194.

Baudriks, s. pl. belts, II. 918.

Baume, s. balm, VIII. 27.

Bawme-blossom, s. balm-blossom, X. 47.

Bay, s. bay; at bay, II. 139.

Bayn, s. bath, XXI. 464.

Bay-window, s. window with a bay or recess, XXIV. 1058; pl. XXI. 163.

Be, adv. by the time that, when, XVII. 358.

Beau, adj. fair, XXIV. 1085.

Bede, pt. s. bade, II. 1229.

Bedred, adj. bedridden, III. 119.

Bedreint, pp. drenched, wetted, XXIV. 577.

Beestly, adj. animal, I. ii. 2. 79.

Beet, pt. s. beat, II. 1353.

Before-weting, s. foreknowledge, I. iii. 4. 63; Beforn-, I. iii. 4. 49.

Before-wist, pp. foreknown, I. iii. 4. 154.

Begeten, pp. begotten, I. iii. 4. 123; Begete, II. 1030.

Beggair, s. beggar, XVII. 483.

Begonne, pt. pl. began, XVIII. 70; pp. IV. 22.

Behave, v. behave (himself), I. i. 10. 16.

Behest, s. promise, I. i. 2. 93; pl. I. ii. 3. 38.

Behesten, pr. pl. promise, III. 334.

Behight, 1 pr. s. promise, assure, XX. 396; pt. s. promised, IV. 41; (apparently) commanded, XVI. 259.

Behold, pp. beheld, XXIV. 279.

Behoten, pp. promised, I. iii. 8. 76.

Behove, s. behoof, I. ii. 3. 86.

Behovely, adj. fit, suitable, IV. 304.

Beikit, 1 pt. s. warmed, XVII. 36.

Beildit, pp. built, XVII. 97.

Being, s. existence, I. ii. 5. 29.

Beinge-place, s. home, I. iii. 5. 77.

Be-knowe, ger. to acknowledge, I. ii. 1. 127.

Belchere, s. Good Cheer, XXI. 322.

Beleve, s. belief, XVI. 426; XVIII. 162.

Beleved, pp. left, I. ii. 10. 109.

Belive, adv. at once, XVII. 331.

Belle, s. bell, VIII. 262; gen. II. 40.

Benched, pp. provided with benches, VIII. 126; XX. 50.

Benches, s. pl. benches, or banks of turf, XXI. 49.

Bend, s. band, girdle, XXIV. 810; Bendes, pl. bonds, II. 537.

Bene, adv. excellently, XVII. 417.

Bene, s. bean, XXIV. 796.

Bene-breed, s. bean-bread, I. ii. 2. 56.

Benimen, v. take away, I. i. 9. 77.

Bequath, pt. s. bequeathed, IV. 178.

Beraft, pp. bereft, I. i. 10. 53; V. 362.

Berayned, pp. rained upon, X. 128.

Bere, s. bear, II. 139, 648.

Bere him in honde, make him believe, III. 323; pt. pl. bore, carried, XX. 213, 223; Berest in honde, 2 pr. s. accusest, III. 153; Beren on honde, accuse falsely, V. 274.

Berel, s. beryl, VIII. 37; XXI. 455.

Bernes, s. pl. barns, I. i. 3. 31.

Beseen, pp. adorned, XX. 169; Besene, arrayed, XVII. 416.

Besette, v. bestow, place, I. i. 9. 72; XI. 15; pp. bestowed, XXIV. 391; used, II. 1040; set up, VIII. 352.

Be-seyn, pp. adorned, XII. 9; XXIV. 121.

Beshet, pp. shut up, I. i. 3. 99.

Besmyteth, pr. s. defiles, I. ii. 6. 127. See the note, p. 469.

Besprad, pt. pl. spread over, XXIV. 266.

Bestad, pp. hardly beset, IV. 88; Be-sted, pp. bestead, circumstanced, II. 403.

Bestial, adj. bestial, I. ii. 4. 4; I. ii. 10. 12.

Bestiallich, adj. bestial, I. ii. 4. 45.

Bestialtè. s. fleshliness, I. iii. 9. 48.

Beswinke, ger. to toil for, I. i. 1. 40.

Bet, adv. better, VIII. 337; XXII. 54.

Betake, pp. committed (to), I. ii. 6. 42.

Bete, pp. adorned with beaten gold, XX. 212.

Beteich, 1 pr. s. bequeath, XVII. 577.

Beten, v. kindle, XXIV. 324.

Betiden (= betidden), pt. pl. happened (to), I. i. pr. 122.

Betokeneth, pr. s. means, III. 50.

Betrapped, pp. entrapped, V. 252.

Betrayden, pt. pl. betrayed, V. 198.

Betraysshed, pt. s. betrayed, I. ii. 7. 118.

Betterer, adj. better, I. ii. 13. 71.

Bevar, adj. made of beaver, XVII. 386.

Bewent, pp. turned aside, I. i. 1. 21.

Bewrye, v. disclose, utter, XXIV. 1358.

Bicche, s. bitch, II. 889.

Bigge, ger. to build, II. 473.

Bigon, pp. beset; wel b., well placed, well situate, in a good position or case, XX. 186. See Bego in the New E. Dict.

Bil, s. petition, XXI. 325; Billes, pl. XXI. 352.

Bileved, pp. believed, I. ii. 6. 20.

Bilowen, pp. lied against, belied, V. 196.

Biquath, pt. s. bequeathed, VII. 68.

Bit, pr. s. bids, XXIV. 469.

Bitte, s. bit, I. ii. 6. 83.

Bla, adj. livid, XVII. 159. Icel. blár.

Blabbing, pres. pt. prattling, V. 116.

Blaiknit, pp. lit. made bleak, deprived, XVII. 410.