Cameras.—The note of Lux in Camera has brought in more than one letter of thanks; and a valued correspondent has written to us, suggesting "That the attention of the Photographic Society, who have as yet done far less than they might have done to advance the Art, should be at once turned, and that seriously and earnestly, to the production of a light, portable, and effective camera for field purposes; one which, at the same time that it has the advantages of lightness and portability, should be capable of resisting our variable climate." Our correspondent throws out a hint which possibly may be adopted with advantage, that papier maché has many of the requisites desired, being very firm, light, and impervious to wet.

Progress of Photography.—As a farther contribution to the History of Photography, we have been favoured with the following copy of a letter from a well-known amateur, which details in a graphic manner his early photographic experiences.

"As there is a sort of reflux of the tide to Mr. Fox Talbot's plan, and different people have succeeded best in different ways, it may amuse you to hear how I used to work, with better luck than I have had since.

"Mr. Talbot's sensitive wash was very strong, so he floated his paper upon distilled water immediately after its application.

"Mr. G. S. Cundell, of Finsbury Circus, diluted the sensitive wash with water, instead of floating the paper. Amateurs date their success from the time Mr. Cundell published this simple modification of the original process.

"Mr. William Hunt, of Yarmouth, was my first friend and instructor in the art; and if there be any merit in the pictures I did before I knew you, the credit is due to him entirely.

"The first paper we tried was Whatman's ivory post, very thick and hard, and yet it gave good negatives. We afterwards got a thinner paper, but always stuck to Whatman. Neither were we troubled with that porosity in the skies of which you complain in the more recently-made papers of that manufacturer.

"We first washed the paper with a solution of nitrate of silver, fifteen grains to the ounce, going over the surface in all directions with a camel-hair brush. As soon as the fluid ceased to run, the paper was rapidly dried before the fire, and then immersed in a solution of iodide of potassium, 500 grains to the pint of water. We used to draw it through the solution frequently by the corners, and then let it lie till the yellow tint was visible at the back. It was then immediately taken to the pump and pumped upon vigorously for two or three minutes, holding it at such an angle that the water flushed softly over the surface. We then gave it a few minutes in a rain-water bath, inclining the dish at different angles to give motion to the water. By this time the iodide of silver looked like pure solid brimstone in the wet paper. Then we knew that it was good, and hung it up to dry.

"To make this paper sensitive, we took 5 drops of gallic acid (saturated solution), 5 drops of glacial acetic acid, 10 drops of a 50-grain solution of nitrate of silver, and 100 drops of water. The sensitive wash was poured upon a glass plate, and the paper placed thereon. We used to lift the paper frequently by one or other corner till it was perfectly limp. We then blotted off and placed in the camera, where it would keep a good many hours.

"Whether such pictures would have come out spontaneously under the developing solution, I know not, for we had not patience enough to try. We forced them out in double quick time with red-hot pokers; and great was the alarm of my wife to see me rush madly about the house armed with these weapons. Yet the plan had its advantages; by presenting the point of the poker at a refractory spot, its reluctance to appear was speedily overcome, and we persuaded out the shadows.

* * *

"P.S.—I now have the first picture I ever did, little, if at all, altered. It was done in July, 1845, with a common meniscus lens. I have just got a capital negative by Dr. Diamond's plan, but which is spoiled by the metallic abominations in Turner's paper."

A Collodion Difficulty.—With reference to Mr. J. Cook's collodion, I would suggest that his ether was indeed "still very strong" of acid; by which the iodine was set free, and gave him "nearly a port-wine colour." This is a common occurrence when the ether or the collodion is acid. The remedy is at hand, however. Powder a few grains of cyanide of potassium, and introduce about a grain at a time, according to the quantity: shake up till dissolved, and so on, until you get the clear golden tint. Thus will "the mystery be cleared up." I need not say that the essential properties of the solution will not be impaired.

Andrew Steinmetz.

P.S.—In a day or two I shall send you a recipe for easily turning to immediate use the "used-up dipping baths" of nitrate, without the troublesome process recommended to one of your correspondents.

Ferricyanide of Potassium.—I have used with success the ferricyanide of potassium (the red prussiate of potash, as it is called) for removing the stains contracted in photographing. This it does very readily when the stains are recent, and it has no injurious effect upon cuts and sore places should any exist on the hands. An old stain may with a little pumice be very readily removed. I have mentioned this to several friends, and, if not a novelty, it is certainly not generally known.

S. Pelham Dale.

Sion College.

Replies to Minor Queries.

Postage System of the Romans (Vol. ix., p. 350.).—Your correspondent Ardelio probably alludes to the system of posts for the conveyance of persons, established by the Romans on their great lines of road. An account of this may be seen in the work of Bergier, Histoire des Grands Chemins de l'Empire Romain, lib. iv.; and compare Gibbon's Decline and Fall, chap. xvii. Communications were made from Rome to the governors of provinces, and information was received from them, by means of these posts: see Suet. Oct. c. xlix. But the Romans had no public institution for the conveyance of private letters. A letter post is a comparatively modern institution; in England it only dates from the reign of James I. An account of the ancient Persian posts is given by Xenoph. Cyrop. VIII. vi. § 17, 18.; Herod. viii. 98.: compare Schleusner, Lex. N. T. in ἀγγαρεύω.

L.

As a proof that there is at least one eminent exception to the assertion of Ardelio, that "we know that the Romans must have had a postal system," I send the following extract from Dr. William Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, sub voc. Tabellarius:

"As the Romans had no public post, they were obliged to employ special messengers, who were called Tabellarii, to convey their letters, when they had not an opportunity of sending them otherwise."

Ἁλιεύς.

Dublin.

Epigram on the Feuds between Handel and Bononcini (Vol. ix., p. 445.).—This epigram, which has frequently been printed as Swift's, was written by Dr. Byrom of Manchester. In his very interesting Diary, which is shortly about to appear under the able editorship of my friend Dr. Parkinson in the series of Chetham publications, Byrom mentions it.

"Nourse asked me if I had seen the verses upon Handel and Bononcini, not knowing that they were mine; but Sculler said I was charged with them, and so I said they were mine; they both said they had been mightily liked."—Byrom's Remains (Cheetham Series), vol. i. part i. p. 173.

The verses are thus more correctly given in Byrom's Works, vol. i. p. 342., edit. 1773:

Jas. Crossley.

Power of prophesying before Death (Vol. ii., p. 116.).—In St. Gregory's Dialogues, b. IV. ch. xxv., the disciple asks,—

"Velim scire quonam modo agitur quod plerumque morientes multa prædicunt."

The answer begins (ch. xxvi.),—

"Ipsa aliquando animarum vis subtilitate sua aliquid prævidet. Aliquando autem exituræ de corpore animæ per revelationem ventura cognoscunt. Aliquando vero dum jam juxta sit ut corpus deserant, divinitus afflatæ in secreta cœlestia incorporeum mentis oculum mittunt."

J. C. R.

King John (Vol. ix., p. 453.).—I cannot reply to the Queries of Prestoniensis, but I have a note of a grant made by John (as Com. Moritoniæ) of the tithes of the parishes between Rible and Merse, which appears to have received the Bishop of Coventry's confirmation, ap. Cestriam, an. 2 Pont. Papæ Cœlestini. John's grant was to the Priory of Lancaster. My reference is to Madox, Formulare Anglicanum, Lond. 1702, p. 52, MXCVI. The deed is witnessed by Adam de Blakeburn and Robert de Preston, as well as by Phil. Sanson (De Worcester?) and others.

Anon.

Demoniacal Descent of the Plantagenets (Vol. ix., p. 494.).—H. B. C. will find another passage, illustrative of this presumption, in Henry Knyghton's Chronica:

"De isto quoque Henrico, quondam infantulo et in curia regis Francorum nutrito, beatus Bernardus Abbas de eo sic prophetavit, præsente rege, De Diabolo venit, et ad Diabolum ibit: Notans per hoc tam tyrannidem patris sui Galfridi, qui Sagiensem episcopum eunuchaverat, quam etiam istius Henrici futuram atrocitatem qua in beatum Thomam desæviret."—Twysden, Hist. Angl. Scriptores, pp. 2393. 32., and 2399. 10.

C. H.

Burial Service Tradition (Vol. ix., p. 451.).—The only cases in which a clergyman is legally justified in refusing to read the entire service over the body of a parishioner or other person admitted to burial in the parochial cemetery, are the three which are mentioned in the preliminary rubric, which, as expounded by the highest authorities, are as follows: 1. In case the person died without admission to the universal church by Christian baptism. 2. Or "denounced 'excommunicate majori excommunicatione' for some grievous and notorious crime, and no man able to testify of his repentance." (Canon 68.) 3. Or felo de se; for in a case of suicide the acquittal of the deceased by a coroner's jury entitles him to Christian burial. The extraordinary notion of the clergyman, mentioned by the Rev. S. Adams, is certainly erroneous in law. I can only suppose it originated from some case in which the severance of the deceased's right hand was regarded by the jury as a proof that he did not kill himself. Except in certain special cases, none but parishioners are entitled to burial in a parochial burying-place at all.

Advocatus.

Paintings of our Saviour (Vol. ix., p. 270.).—Your correspondent J. P. may hear of something to his advantage by visiting the church of Santa Prassede (Saint Praxedes?), not far from Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome. In the former he will see, as usual, a list of wonderful relics preserved therein, and amongst them "A Portrait of the Saviour, presented by St. Peter to Santa Prassede." A valuable gift, truly, if only authentic. The name of the artist is not given, I believe, in the above veracious document. They had better have made the catalogue complete by putting in the name of St. Luke himself, whose pencil, I rather think, is stated to have furnished other such portraits elsewhere. "Credat Judæus!"

The Santa Prassede above alluded to is stated to have been a daughter of Pudens, mentioned in the Epistles of St. Paul.

M. H. R.

Widdrington Family (Vol. ix., p. 375.).—The church of Nunnington, near Helmsly, in the North Riding of Yorkshire, contains two handsome marble monuments of Lords Preston and Widdrington. The old hall at Nunnington, now occupied by a farmer, was once the seat of Viscount Preston, and afterwards of Lord Widdrington. William, Lord Widdrington, who is said to be descended from the brave Witherington, celebrated in Chevy Chace for having fought upon his stumps, was of the very noble and ancient family of the Widdringtons of Widdrington Castle, in the county of Northumberland; and great-grandson of the brave Lord Widdrington who was slain gallantly fighting in the service of the crown at Wigan, in Lancashire, in 1651. William, his grandson, was unfortunately engaged in the affair of Preston in 1715, when his estate became forfeited to the crown, and he afterwards confined himself to private life. He married a daughter of the Lord Viscount Preston above mentioned, one of the co-heiresses of the estate at Nunnington, and was in consequence buried in the family vault in 1743, aged sixty-five. For other particulars of the family of Widdrington, see Camden's Britannia.

Thomas Gill.

Easingwold.

Mathew, a Cornish Family (Vol. ix., pp. 22. 289.).—I fear I cannot give the Rev. H. T. Ellacombe much information on the point he desires of the descent of the Devon and Cornwall branches of the Mathew family, which I yet entertain the hope some of your readers having access to the Cambrian genealogical lore at Dinevawr, Penline, Margam, Fonmon, and other places, may be able to graft correctly on their Welsh tree.

I was unable to corroborate in the British Museum the marriages given in the Heralds' Visitation of Devon, with Starkey and Gamage. Did a son of Reynell of Malston by an heir of Mathew take that name?

Mr. Ellacombe will find by the Heralds' Visitation that both of the West of England branches settled before 1650 in Cornwall, the one at Tresingher, the other at Milton; but that of the former, William married Elizabeth Wellington, and John married Rebecca Soame, both reverting to settle in Devonshire, from whom, perhaps, his ancestress derives.

B.

Birkenhead.

"Πίστις," unde deriv. (Vol. ix., p. 324.).—The perfect impossibility of deriving this word from Ἵστημι is at once evident, on the following grounds: 1. To obtain the letter π, recourse is had to the compound form ἐφίσταμαι; but where have we a similar instance, in any derived word, of the ε in ἐπὶ being thus absorbed, and the π taken to commence a fresh word? 2. Allowing such an extraordinary process, what possible meaning of ἐφίσταμαι can be adduced in the slightest degree corresponding to the established interpretation of πίστις?

Throwing aside the termination -ις, we obtain the letters πιστ-, which a very slight knowledge of etymology enables us to trace back to πείθω; for the stem of this verb is ΠΙΘ (cf. Aor. 2. ἔπιθον), and the formation of the adjective πίστος from πε-πειστ-αι is clearly analogous to that of the word in question, the long syllable and diphthong ει being altered into the short and single letter ι, to which many similar instances may be adduced.

Φ.

There is no doubt as to the derivation of πίστις from πείθω. Compare κνῆστις from κνάω or κνήθω, πρῖστις or πρῆστις from πρήθω, πύστις from πυνθάνομαι. Verbs of this form introduce the ς into the future and other inflected tenses, as πείσω, πεύσομαι.

L.

Author of "The Whole Duty of Man" (Vol. vi., p. 537.).—It is asserted in the English Baronetage (vol. i. p. 398., 1741), on the authority of Sir Herbert Perrot Pakington, Bart., in support of the claim of Lady Pakington to the authorship, "the manuscript, under her own hand, now remains with the family." Can this MS. now be found?

B. H. C.

Table-turning (Vol. ix., pp. 88. 135., &c.).—In turning over Sozomen's Ecclesiastical History, I observed at b. VI. ch. 34. an account of the transaction already printed in your pages from Ammianus Marcellinus. It is in brief as follows:—Certain philosophers who were opposed to Christianity were anxious to learn who should succeed Valens in the empire. After trying all other kinds of divination, they constructed a tripod (or table with three legs: see Servius on Virgil, Æn. III. 360.) of laurel wood, and by means of certain incantations and formulæ, succeeded (by combining the letters which were indicated, one by one, by a contrivance of some kind connected with the table) in obtaining Th. E. O. D. Now, being anxious and hopeful for one Theodorus to succeed to the throne, they concluded that he was meant. Valens, hearing of it, put him and them to death, and many others whose names began with these letters.

On referring to Socrates, I find that he also names the circumstances just alluded to. Although he does not give all the particulars, he adds one important statement, which serves to identify the thing more closely with modern table-moving and spirit-rapping. "The devil," he says, "induced certain curious persons to practise divination, by calling up the spirits of the dead (νεκυομαντείαν ποιήσασθαι), in order to find out who should reign after Valens." They succeeded in obtaining the letters Th. E. O. D.

I observe a reference to Nicephorus, b. XI. 45., but have not his works at hand to consult.

The use of laurel, in the construction of the table, seems to connect the occurrences with the worship of Apollo. Those who would investigate the subject fully must consult such passages in the classics as this from Lucan [Lucretius?], lib. i. 739-40.:

I have a reference to Le Nourry, p. 1345., who, I see, has some remarks upon the passage already given from Tertullian; he, however, throws little light upon the subject.

Henry H. Breen (Vol. viii., p. 330.) says, "It is not unreasonable to suppose that table-turning ... was practised in former ages:" to this I think we may now subscribe.

B. H. C.

Poplar.

Pedigree to the Time of Alfred (Vol. viii., p. 586.; Vol. ix., p. 233.).—The person S. D. met at the "King's Head," Egham, was doubtless Mr. John Wapshott of Chertsey, Surrey (late of Almoner's Barn Farm in that neighbourhood), an intelligent, respectable yeoman, who would feel much pleasure in giving S. D. any information he may require.

B. S. Elcock.

Bath.

Quotation wanted (Vol. ix., p. 421.).—"Extinctus amabitur idem," is from Horace, Epist. II. i. 14. (See Vol. vii., p. 81.)

P. J. F. Gantillon.

"Hic locus odit, amat."—In Vol. v. of "N. & Q.," at p. 8., "Procurator" gives the two quaintly linked lines—

as "carved in a beam over the Town Hall of Much Wenlock, in Shropshire." They are to be found also in the ancient hall of judicature of the "Palazzo del Podesta," at Pistoja, in Tuscany. The ancient stone seats, with their stone table in front of them, where the magistrates of the republic administered justice in the days of the city's independence, are still remaining, and these lines are cut in the stone just over the benches. This simple and primitive tribunal was built as it now stands in 1307, and there can be no doubt that the verses in question existed there before they found their way to Much Wenlock. But as it is hardly likely that they travelled direct from Tuscany into Shropshire, the probability is that they may be found in some other, or perhaps in many other places. I have not been able to light on any clue to the authorship or history of the lines. Perhaps some of your correspondents, who have the means of wider researches than this city commands, might be more fortunate.

T. A. T.

Florence, March, 1854.

Writings of the Martyr Bradford (Vol. ix., p. 450.).—In reply to Mr. Townsend's inquiry respecting early editions of Bradford's writings, I can add to the information furnished by the Editor that the copy of his Hurt of Hearyng Masse, sold at Mr. Jolley's sale, was purchased subsequently of Mr. Thorpe, and deposited in the Chetham Library. This edition is not noticed by Watt.

In Stevens's Memoirs of the Life and Martyrdom of John Bradford, with his Examinations, Letters, &c., there is no mention of the letter ad calcem of—

"An Account of a Disputation at Oxford, Anno Domini 1554. With a Treatise of the Blessed Sacrament; both written by Bishop Ridley, Martyr. To which is added a Letter written by Mr. John Bradford, never before printed. All taken out of an original manuscript [and published by Gilbert Ironside], Oxford, 1688, 4to."

Bibliothecar. Chetham.

Latin Inscription on Lindsey Court-house (Vol. ix., p. 492.).—Your correspondent L. L. L. gives this inscription as follows:

This couplet, in its correct form, evidently stood thus:

That is to say,

"Custodit æquitiam, amat pacem, punit crimina, conservat jura, honorat bonos."

The substantive of æquus is æquitas, not æquitia. If these verses were composed in good Latinity, the first word of the pentameter probably was justitiam.

L.

Blanco White's Sonnet (Vol. vii., pp. 404. 486.; Vol. ix., p. 469.).—This sonnet is so beautiful, that I hope it will suffer no disparagement in the eyes of any of your admiring readers, if I remind them of a passage in Sir Thomas Browne's Quincunx, which I conceive may have inspired the brilliant genius of Blanco White on this occasion. I regret that I have not the precise reference to the passage:

"Light" (says Browne) "that makes things seen, makes some things invisible. Were it not for darkness, and the shadow of the earth, the noblest part of creation had remained unseen, and the stars in heaven as invisible as on the fourth day, when they were created above the horizon with the sun, or there was not an eye to behold them. The greatest mystery of religion is expressed by adumbration; and, in the noblest part of the Jewish types, we find the cherubim shadowing the mercy-seat. Life itself is but the shadow of death, and souls departed but the shadows of the living: all things fall under this name. The sun itself is but the dark simulacrum, and light but the shadow of God!"

J. Sansom.

Oxford.

"Wise men labour," &c. (Vol. ix., p. 468.).—The following version of these lines is printed in the Collection of Loyal Songs, written against the Rump Parliament between the Years 1639-1661:

These four lines constitute the whole of the piece, which is anonymous: vol. i. p. 27., and also on the title-page.

B. H. C.

Copernicus (Vol. ix., p. 447.).—This inscription, as given in "N. & Q.," contains two false quantities, Grātiam and Vēniam. May I suggest the transposal of the two words, and then all will be right, at least as to prosody, which, in Latin poetry, seems to override all other considerations.

C. De la Pryme.

N.B.—What is the nominative to poor dederat?

Meals, Meols (Vol. vii., pp. 208. 298.; Vol. ix., p. 409.).—The word "mielles" is of frequent occurrence in Normandy and the Channel Islands, where it is applied to sandy downs bordering the sea-shore. It is not to be found in French dictionaries, and, like the words hougue, falaise, and others in use in Normandy, has probably come down from the Northmen, who gave their name to that province.

Edgar Macculloch.

Guernsey.

Byron and Rochefoucauld (Vol. ix., p. 347.).—Allow me to refer your correspondent Sigma to "N. & Q.," Vol. i., p. 260., where, under the signature of Melanion, I noted Byron's two unacknowledged obligations to La Rochefoucauld, and the blunder made in the note on Don Juan, canto iii. st. 4. Sigma will also find these and other passages from Byron given among the notes in the translation of La Rochefoucauld, published in 1850 (June) by Messrs. Longman and Co.

C. Forbes.

Temple.

Robert Eden (Vol. ix., p. 374.).—Robert Eden, Archdeacon and Prebendary of Winchester, was the son of Robert Eden, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. The Edens of Auckland and the Edens of Newcastle were descended from two brothers. The Archdeacon was fourth cousin of the first baronet. His daughter, Mary, married Ebenezer Blackwell, Esq., and their daughter, Philadelphia, married Lieut.-Col. G. R. P. Jarvis, of Doddington, in Lincolnshire. I am descended from a first cousin of the Archdeacon, and could furnish R. E. C., if I knew his address, with farther particulars respecting the Edens of Newcastle.

E. H. A.

Dates of Maps (Vol. ix., p. 396.).—I think the answer to Mr. Warden's very just complaint respecting maps not being dated is easily accounted for, much more easily, I fear, than reformed. The last published map is considered the most exact and useful; it, therefore, is the interest of the map-seller to sell off all of the old ones that he can; hence it is difficult, unless some pains are taken, to ascertain which is the last. A. publishes a new map of France, B. then publishes one; but both avoid putting the date, as the oldest date would sell fewer, and the newer map proprietor expects a still newer one soon to appear. By A. I do not mean to allude to Mr. Arrowsmith in particular, who is one of the best, if not the best, map-seller we have. But why are large military map-sellers so much dearer with us than on the Continent? I must except the Ordnance map, which is now sold cheaply, thanks entirely to Mr. Hume's exertions in parliament.

A. (1)

Miss Elstob (Vol. iii., p. 497.).—This surname is so uncommon that I have met with but three instances of persons bearing it; one was the lady referred to by your correspondent, the second was her brother, the Rev. William Elstob, and the third was Dryden Elstob, who served for some time in the 3rd Light Dragoons, and also, I believe, in the Royal Navy,—at least I know that he used to wear a naval uniform in the streets of London. I believe that the family was settled at one time at Newcastle-on-Tyne.^[5] What is known of the family?

Juverna.

Corporation Enactments (Vol. ix., p. 300.).—Your correspondent Abhba having omitted to mention where he found the curious piece of information which under this title he supplied to you, I beg leave to supply the deficiency. The same paragraph, nearly verbatim, has been long since published in a book which is by no means rare, the Dublin Penny Journal, vol. i. p. 226. (No. 29, January 12, 1833), where it appears thus:

"In the town books of the corporation of Youghal, among many other singular enactments of that body, are two which will now be regarded as curiosities. In the years 1680 and 1700, a cook and a barber were made freemen, on condition that they should severally dress the mayor's feasts, and shave the corporation—gratis!"

Is not this the very paragraph which has been supplied to you as an original? The attempt to disguise it by the alteration of two or three words is below criticism. Surely, if passages from common or easily accessible books are to occupy valuable space in the pages of "N. & Q.," it is not too much to expect that reference be honestly given to the work which may be cited.

Arterus.

Dublin.

Misapplication of Terms (Vol. ix., p. 361.).—Your correspondent is quite entitled to the references he demands, and which I had considered superfluous. I beg to refer him to the school dictionaries in use by my boys, viz. Mr. Young's and Dr. Carey's edition of Ainsworth, abridged by Dr. Morell; also to the following, all I possess, viz. Dr. Adam Littleton's, 4to. 4th ed., 1703; Robertson's ed. of Gouldman, 4to., 1674; and Gesner's Thesaurus, 4 vols. fol. I may add that the observations of Horne Tooke are quite to my mind, especially when applied to the "legendary stories of nurses and old women." (Todd's Johnson.)

Working in the same direction as your correspondent who has caused this invasion of your space, I cannot resist the opportunity of protesting against the use of "opened up" and "opened out," as applied to the developments of national enterprise and industry. These expressions, common to many, and frequently to be read in the "leading journal," stand a fair chance of becoming established vulgarisms. It is, however, something worse than slipshod when a paper of equal pretension, and more particularly addressed to the families of the educated classes, informs its readers "that some of the admirers of the late Justice Talfourd contemplate the erection of a cenotaph over his grave in the cemetery at Norwood." (Illustrated News, March 25, 1854.)

Squeers.

Dotheboys.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.

On the publication of the first volume of Mr. Peter Cunningham's edition of The Works of Oliver Goldsmith, we did not hesitate to pronounce it "the best, handsomest, and cheapest edition of Goldsmith which has ever issued from the press." The work is now completed by the publication of the fourth volume, which contains Goldsmith's Biographies; Reviews; Animated Nature; Cock Lane Ghost; Vida's Game of Chess (now first printed as it has been found transcribed in Goldsmith's handwriting from the original MS. in the possession of Mr. Bolton Corney), and his Letters. And after a careful revision of the book, we do not hesitate to repeat our original opinion. It is a book which every lover of Goldsmith will delight to place upon his shelves.

We have to congratulate Mr. Darling, and also all who are interested in any way in theological literature, on the completion of that portion of his Cyclopædia Bibliographica which gives us, under the names of the authors, an account, not only of the best works extant in various branches of literature, but more particularly on those important divisions, biblical criticism, commentaries, sermons, dissertations, and other illustrations of the Holy Scriptures; the constitution, government, and liturgies of the Christian Church; ecclesiastical history and biography; the works of the Fathers, and all the most eminent Divines. We sincerely trust that a work so obviously useful, and which has been so carefully compiled, will meet with such encouragement as will justify Mr. Darling in very speedily going to press with the second and not less important division—that in which, by an alphabetical arrangement of subjects, a ready reference may be made to books, treatises, sermons, and dissertations on nearly all heads of divinity, theological controversy, or ecclesiastical inquiry. The utility of such an Index is too obvious to require one word of argument in its favour.

The subject of the non-purchase of the Faussett Collection by the Trustees of the British Museum was brought before Parliament by Mr. Ewart on Thursday, 1st June, when copies were ordered to be laid before the House of Commons "of all reports, memorials, or other communications to or from the Trustees of the British Museum on the subject of the Faussett Collection of Anglo-Saxon Antiquities."

Books Received.—Miss Strickland's Lives of the Queens of England, Vol. VI. This volume is entirely occupied with the biography of Mary Beatrice of Modena, the Queen of James II., in which Miss Strickland has availed herself of a large mass of inedited materials.—Selections from the Writings of the Rev. Sydney Smith, forming Nos. 61. and 62. of Longman's Traveller's Library, and containing his admirable Essays on Education, the Ballot, American Debts, Wit and Humour, the Conduct of the Understanding, and Taste.—Critical and Historical Essays, &c., by the Right Honourable T. B. Macaulay, People's Edition, Part III., includes his Essays on Lord Mahon's War of Succession, Walpole's Letters, Lord Chatham, Mackintosh's History of the Revolution, and Lord Bacon.—Annotated Edition of the English Poets, edited by Robert Bell. This month's issue consists of the second volume of the Poetical Works of William Cowper.

BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES

WANTED TO PURCHASE.

Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are given for that purpose:

The Trials of Robert Powell, Edward Burch, and Matthew Martin, for Forgery, at the Old Bailey. London. 8vo. 1771.

Ayre's Life of Pope. 2 Vols. 1741.

Pope and Swift's Miscellanies. 1727. 2 Vols. (Motte), with two Vols. subsequently published, together 4 Vols.

Familiar Letters to H. Cromwell by Mr. Pope. Curl, 1727.

Pope's Literary Correspondence. Curl, 1735-6. 6 Vols.

Pope's Works. 4to. 1717.

Pope's Correspondence with Wycherley. Gilliver, 1729.

Narrative of Dr. Robert Norris concerning Frenzy of J. D. Lintot, 1713.

The New Rehearsal, or Bayes the Younger. Roberts, 1714.

Complete Art of English Poetry. 2 Vols.

Gay's Miscellaneous Works. 4 Vols. 12mo. 1773.

Richardsoniana, or Reflections on Moral Nature of Man. 1776.

A Collection of Verses, Essays, &c., occasioned by Pope and Swift's Miscellanies. 1728.

A true Account of the Voyage of the Nottingham-galley of London, &c., by Captain John Dean. 8vo. London, 1711.

A Falsification of the above, by Longman, Miller, and White. London, 1711. 8vo.

A Letter from Moscow to the Marquis of Carmarthen, relating to the Czar of Muscovy's Forwardness in his great Navy since his return home, by J. Deane. London, 1699. Fol.

Hours of Idleness, Lord Byron. 8vo. Newark, 1807.

Bacon's Essays in Latin.

The Church of England Magazine. Vol. XXI. 1846. In good order, and in the cloth case.

Father Bridoul's School of the Eucharist. Trans. by Claget. London, 1687.

Freitaghii Mythologia Ethica, with 138 Plates. Antv. 1579. 4to.

Notices to Correspondents.

Y. S. M. The letter to this Correspondent has been forwarded.

W. S. Can our correspondent find a more correct report of the lines quoted at the meeting of the Peace Society? Those sent to us are certainly inaccurate.

R. B. Allen. The monument in the chancel of the church of Stansted Montfichet, in Essex, is to Sir Thomas (not Hugh) Middleton. See Wright's Essex, vol. ii. p. 160.

Other Correspondents shall be answered next week.

Errata. Vol. ix., p. 193., throughout the "Curious Marriage Agreement," for Jacob Sprier read Jacob Spicer. He was an inhabitant of Cape May County, New Jersey.—Page 468. col i. line 26., for 1789 read 1759.—Page 477., in art. "Old Rowley," for "father of the Jury," read "father of the Turf."—Page 469., in quotation from Ausonius, for "erplevi" read "explevi."

Our Eighth Volume is now bound and ready for delivery, price 10s. 6d., cloth, boards. A few sets of the whole Eight Volumes are being made up, price 4l. 4s.—For these early application is desirable.

"Notes and Queries" is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the Saturday.

Gratis and Post Free on application.

FOREIGN THEOLOGY AND ORIENTAL BOOKS.—MR. BROWN'S Catalogue, No. 24., contains Bibles in most languages, Books in all Branches of Biblical Criticism and Ecclesiastical History, Liturgies, Councils, a good collection of the Fathers, Works relating to the Greek Church, a large number of books relative to the Jesuits, Metaphysical Works, a capital selection of Hebrew and Oriental Philology, &c. &c.

London: WILLIAM BROWN, 130. 131. and 132. Old Street.

OLIVER CROMWELL AND KING CHARLES.—A FAC-SIMILE of an exceedingly curious and interesting NEWSPAPER, published during the Commonwealth, announcing the DEATH of OLIVER CROMWELL. Also, a Fac-Simile of KING CHARLES'S NEWSPAPER, containing curious Gossip about many Eminent Persons and Extraordinary Occurrences. Sent (Post Free) on receipt of 12 Postage Stamps.

Address, J. H. FENNELL, 1. Warwick Court, Holborn, London.

ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description of upwards of 100 articles, consisting of PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, Ladies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH-BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and other travelling requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post on receipt of Two Stamps.

MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best articles of the kind ever produced.

J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand.

PIANOFORTES, 25 Guineas each.—D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square (established A.D. 1785), sole manufacturers of the ROYAL PIANOFORTES, at 25 Guineas each. Every instrument warranted. The peculiar advantages of these pianofortes are best described in the following professional testimonial, signed by the majority of the leading musicians of the age:—"We, the undersigned members of the musical profession, having carefully examined the Royal Pianofortes manufactured by MESSRS. D'ALMAINE & CO., have great pleasure in bearing testimony to their merits and capabilities. It appears to us impossible to produce instruments of the same size possessing a richer and finer tone, more elastic touch, or more equal temperament, while the elegance of their construction renders them a handsome ornament for the library, boudoir, or drawing-room. (Signed) J. L. Abel, F. Benedict, H. R. Bishop, J. Blewitt, J. Brizzi, T. P. Chipp, P. Delavanti, C. H. Dolby, E. F. Fitzwilliam, W. Forde, Stephen Glover, Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. Hassé, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W. H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F. Kiallmark, E. Land, G. Lanza, Alexander Lee, A. Leffler, E. J. Loder, W. H. Montgomery, S. Nelson, G. A. Osborne, John Parry, H. Panofka, Henry Phillips, F. Praegar, E. F. Rimbault, Frank Romer, G. H. Rodwell, E. Rockel, Sims Reeves, J. Templeton, F. Weber, H. Westrop, T. H. Wright," &c.

D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square. Lists and Designs Gratis.

BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION. No. 1. Class X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and 4l. Thermometers from 1s. each.

BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,

65. CHEAPSIDE.

WHITEFIELD'S PULPIT.

The Executrix of a deceased Clergyman, amongst other interesting local Relics collected by her late husband, is possessed of the PULPIT in which Whitefield is supposed to have preached his First Sermon; and, at the time of the restoration of St. Mary-de-Cryps, Gloucester, passed into the present owner's possession.

The Pulpit is Oak, with carved panels, in shape hectagonal, and has a sounding-board. Application for farther particulars to be addressed to

MESSRS. DAVIES & SON, Booksellers, Gloucester.

ROSS & SONS' INSTANTANEOUS HAIR DYE, without Smell, the best and cheapest extant.—ROSS & SONS have several private apartments devoted entirely to Dyeing the Hair, and particularly request a visit, especially from the incredulous, as they will undertake to dye a portion of their hair, without charging, of any colour required, from the lightest brown to the darkest black, to convince them of its effect.

Sold in cases at 3s. 6d., 5s. 6d., 10s., 15s., and 20s. each case. Likewise wholesale to the Trade by the pint, quart, or gallon.

Address, ROSS & SONS, 119. and 120. Bishopsgate Street, Six Doors from Cornhill, London.

ONE THOUSAND BEDSTEADS TO CHOOSE FROM.—HEAL & SON'S Stock comprises handsomely Japanned and Brass-mounted Iron Bedsteads, Children's Cribs and Cots of new and elegant designs, Mahogany, Birch, and Walnut-tree Bedsteads, of the soundest and best Manufacture, many of them fitted with Furnitures, complete. A large Assortment of Servants' and Portable Bedsteads. They have also every variety of Furniture for the complete furnishing of a Bed Room.

HEAL & SON'S ILLUSTRATED AND PRICED CATALOGUE OF BEDSTEADS AND BEDDING, sent Free by Post.

HEAL & SON, 196. Tottenham Court Road.

PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.

THE EXHIBITION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, by the most eminent English and Continental Artists, is OPEN DAILY from Ten till Five. Free Admission.

Miniatures, Oil Paintings, Water-Colour, and Chalk Drawings, Photographed and Coloured in imitation of the Originals. Views of Country Mansions, Churches, &c., taken at a short notice.

Cameras, Lenses, and all the necessary Photographic Apparatus and Chemicals, are supplied, tested, and guaranteed.

Gratuitous Instruction is given to Purchasers of Sets of Apparatus.

PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION,
168. New Bond Street.

THE LONDON SCHOOL OF PHOTOGRAPHY, 78. Newgate Street.—At this Institution, Ladies and Gentlemen may learn in One Hour to take Portraits and Landscapes, and purchase the necessary Apparatus for Five Pounds. No charge is made for the Instruction.

WHOLESALE PHOTOGRAPHIC DEPOT: DANIEL M^cMILLAN, 132. Fleet Street, London. The Cheapest House in Town for every Description of Photographic Apparatus, Materials, and Chemicals.

^*_*^* Price List Free on Application.

COLLODION PORTRAITS AND VIEWS obtained with the greatest ease and certainty by using BLAND & LONG'S preparation of Soluble Cotton; certainty and uniformity of action over a lengthened period, combined with the most faithful rendering of the half-tones, constitute this a most valuable agent in the hands of the photographer.

Albumenized paper, for printing from glass or paper negatives, giving a minuteness of detail unattained by any other method, 5s. per Quire.

Waxed and Iodized Papers of tried quality.

Instruction in the Processes.

BLAND & LONG, Opticians and Photographical Instrument Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street, London.

^*_*^* Catalogues sent on application.

THE SIGHT preserved by the Use of SPECTACLES adapted to suit every variety of Vision by means of SMEE'S OPTOMETER, which effectually prevents Injury to the Eyes from the Selection of Improper Glasses, and is extensively employed by

BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet Street, London.

IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.—J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, have, by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a Collodion equal, they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of Negative, to any other hitherto published; without diminishing the keeping properties and appreciation of half-tint for which their manufacture has been esteemed.

Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of Photography. Instruction in the Art.

THE COLLODION AND POSITIVE PAPER PROCESS. By J. B. HOCKIN. Price 1s., per Post, 1s. 2d.

PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS, MATERIALS, and PURE CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS.

KNIGHT & SONS' Illustrated Catalogue, containing Description and Price of the best forms of Cameras and other Apparatus. Voightlander and Son's Lenses for Portraits and Views, together with the various Materials, and pure Chemical Preparations required in practising the Photographic Art. Forwarded free on receipt of Six Postage Stamps.

Instructions given in every branch of the Art.

An extensive Collection of Stereoscopic and other Photographic Specimens.

GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London.

PHOTOGRAPHY.—HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light.

Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment.

Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this beautiful Art.—123. and 121. Newgate Street.

PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.

OTTEWILL AND MORGAN'S Manufactory, 24. & 25. Charlotte Terrace, Caledonian Road, Islington.

OTTEWILL'S Registered Double Body Folding Camera, adapted for Landscapes or Portraits, may be had of A. ROSS, Featherstone Buildings, Holborn; the Photographic Institution, Bond Street; and at the Manufactory as above, where every description of Cameras, Slides, and Tripods may be had. The Trade supplied.

Patronised by the Royal Family.

TWO THOUSAND POUNDS for any person producing Articles superior to the following:

THE HAIR RESTORED AND GREYNESS PREVENTED.

BEETHAM'S CAPILLARY FLUID is acknowledged to be the most effectual article for Restoring the Hair in Baldness, strengthening when weak and fine, effectually preventing falling or turning grey, and for restoring its natural colour without the use of dye. The rich glossy appearance it imparts is the admiration of every person. Thousands have experienced its astonishing efficacy. Bottles, 2s. 6d.; double size, 4s. 6d.; 7s. 6d. equal to 4 small; 11s. to 6 small; 21s. to 13 small. The most perfect beautifier ever invented.

SUPERFLUOUS HAIR REMOVED.

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BEETHAM'S PLASTER is the only effectual remover of Corns and Bunions. It also reduces enlarged Great Toe Joints in an astonishing manner. If space allowed, the testimony of upwards of twelve thousand individuals, during the last five years, might be inserted. Packets, 1s.; Boxes, 2s. 6d. Sent Free by BEETHAM, Chemist, Cheltenham, for 14 or 36 Post Stamps.

Sold by PRING, 30. Westmorland Street; JACKSON, 9. Westland Row; BEWLEY & EVANS, Dublin; GOULDING, 108. Patrick Street, Cork; BARRY, 9. Main Street, Kinsale; GRATTAN, Belfast; MURDOCK, BROTHERS, Glasgow; DUNCAN & FLOCKHART, Edinburgh. SANGER, 150. Oxford Street; PROUT, 229. Strand; KEATING, St. Paul's Churchyard; SAVORY & MOORE, Bond Street; HANNAY, 63. Oxford Street; London. All Chemists and Perfumers will procure them.

PHOTOGRAPHY.

ON THE PRODUCTION OF WAXED-PAPER NEGATIVES, by JAMES HOW.—Just published in THE CHEMIST, a Monthly Journal of Chemical and Physical Science. Edited by JOHN and CHARLES WATT. June. Price 1s.

London: SAMUEL HIGHLEY, 32. Fleet Street.

WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.

3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.

Founded A.D. 1842.

Directors.

Trustees.—W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq.,
T. Grissell, Esq.

Physician.—William Rich. Basham, M.D.
Bankers.—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.

VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.

POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in the Prospectus.

Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in three-fourths of the Profits:—

ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.

Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.

ALLSOPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE.—MESSRS. S. ALLSOPP & SONS beg to inform the TRADE that they are now registering Orders for the March Brewings of their PALE ALE in Casks of 18 Gallons and upwards, at the BREWERY, Burton-on-Trent; and at the under-mentioned Branch Establishments: