NOTES AND QUERIES:

A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.

"When found, make a note of."—Captain Cuttle.

CONTENTS.

Notes.

NAPOLEON A POET.

In a work entitled Littérature Française Contemporaine, vol. ii. p. 268., there is a notice of the Bonaparte family, in their connexion with literature, in which it is stated that Napoleon, at the age of thirteen, wrote the following fable:—

The writer of the notice (M. Quérard) says this "fable" was composed by Napoleon in 1782; and he thus explains the circumstances under which he obtained a knowledge of it:

"Cette fable a été imprimée dans un ouvrage dont nous ne pouvons donner le titre, parce que nous n'avons que le seul feuillet qui la contient. Nous ne savons aux soin de quel éditeur on doit de nous l'avoir fait connaître. Nous lisons au recto du feuillet en question, que, 'sans lui (l'éditeur), cette fable serait encore perdue peut-être parmi les accidens ignorés de cette contrée rocailleuse (de la Corse).' Cet apologue n'étant que peu ou point connu, nous croyons faire plaisir en le reproduisant."

My own conviction is, that the greatest "fable" of all is the ascription to Napoleon, at the age of thirteen, of a poem which would do no discredit to an older and more practised hand. In his maturer years he wrote the Mémoire sur la Culture du Mûrier, the Lettre à M. Matteo Buttafuoco, the Souper de Beaucaire, and the Discours upon a subject proposed by Abbé Regnal to the Academy of Lyons; and these productions are confessedly "au-dessous du médiocre." With what show of reason, then, can we accept him as the author of a poetical effusion which, considering the age at which it is alleged to have been written, would throw into the shade the vaunted precocity of such professed poets as Cowley, Pope, Chatterton, and Louis Racine?

But whatever may be the origin of this fable, the assigning of it to Napoleon is in itself a singular circumstance. The dog César, who holds the rabbit a prisoner in his "gîte," and who summons him to surrender; and the unfortunate rabbit who prefers making his escape, "en héros de garenne," are so obviously applicable to the personal history of Napoleon, that it is impossible to conceive how the French (except on the score of their infatuation in everything that relates to that great man) could represent him as the author of such a satire upon himself.

Henry H. Breen.

St. Lucia.

SMITH'S "DICTIONARY OF ANTIQUITIES" AND "DICTIONARY OF BIOGRAPHY AND MYTHOLOGY."

As one of the objects of your publication professes to be (Vol. i., p. 18.) the correction of errors in standard works, I beg leave to forward you a few instances of errata in the references, &c. occurring in The Dictionary of Antiquities (2nd edit.) and Dictionary of Biography and Mythology of Dr. Smith.

Dictionary of Antiquities.

Page 2. a, Abolla (bis), for "Juv. iv. 75.," read "Juv. iii. 75."

Page 163. b, Astronomia, for "Ov. Trist. i. 1. 13.," read "i. 11. 13."

Page 163. b, Astronomia, for "4th Nov.," read "6th Octob."

Page 230. b, Calendarium, for "Liv. xi. 46.," read "ix. 46."

Page 526. a, Fenus, for "25 per cent.," read "22½."

Page 663. b, Justitium, for "Har. Resp. 36.," read "26."

Page 666. a, Lampadephoria, for "Herod. viii. 9.," read "viii. 98."

Page 642. b, Interdictum, for "give full satisfaction," read "get," &c.

Page 795. b, Neocori, for "Plat. vi. 759.," read "Plat. Legg. vi. 759."

Page 827. b, Olla, for "πυρίστατης," read "πυριστάτης."

Page 887. b, Periœci, for "Thucyd. viii. 61.," read "viii. 6."

Page 1087. a, Synoikia, for "Thucyd. iii. 15.," read "ii. 15."

Index.

Page 1256., for "φροός," read "φορὸς."

Page 1256., for "φρμοὸς," read "φορμὸς."

Page 1259., Augurale, for "233., a." read "253. a."

Page 1279., Transvectio, for "437. a," read "473. a."

Dictionary of Biography and Mythology.

Vol. I.

Page 452. a, Bacis, for "Pax 1009.," read "1071."

Page 452. a, Bacis, for "Av. 907.," read "962."

Page 689. a, Charmides, for "Acad. Quæst. iv. 6.," read "ii. 6."

Vol. II.

Page 221. b, Gallio, for "Acts viii. 12.," read "xviii. 12."

Page 519. a, Horatius, for "Sat. i. 71. 5.," read "i. 6. 71."

Page 519. b, Horatius, for "Epist. xi. 1. 71.," read "ii. 1. 71."

Page 528. b, Hortalus, for "Aug. 41.," read "Tib. 47."

Page 788. b, Lityerses, for "Athen. 615.," read "415."

Page 931. a, Marcellus, for "297. b.," read "927. b."

Page 1124. a, Mus, for "ii. 19.," read "De Fin. ii. 19."

Page 1206. a, Nobilior, for "de Orat. iii. 63.," read "ii. 63."

Vol. III.

Page 175. b, Pelagius, for "218.," read "418."

Page 514. a, Potitia Gens, for "Liv. ix. 39.," read "29."

N.B.—a, b, refer respectively to the first and second columns in the pages.

P. J. F. Gantillon, B.A.

ST. COLUMBA'S CROSS.

In 1584 Sir John Perrot, lord-deputy of Ireland, writes to Sir Francis Walsingham, the secretary of state:

"For a token I have sent you holie Columkill's crosse, a god of great veneration with Surleboy (M‘Donnell) and all Ulster; for so great was his grace, as happy he thought himself that could gett a kisse of the said crosse. I send him unto you, that when you have made some sacrifice to him, according to the disposition you beare to idolatrie, you maie if you please bestowe him upon my good Lady Walsingham, or my Lady Sidney, to weare as a jewell of weight and bignesse, and not of price and goodness, upon some solempne feaste or triumphe daie at the Courte."

Walsingham's daughter was married to the celebrated Sir Philip Sidney; and afterwards to Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex; and, thirdly, to Richard De Burgh, Earl of Clanricard, when she embraced the Roman Catholic religion, that of her last husband, and may perhaps have regarded St. Columba's cross with more veneration than did the rugged old Perrot.

It may be possible to trace out this ancient relique to its present repository, if it be still in existence.

H.

Minor Notes.

The "Ball at Brussels," June, 1815.—Historical Parallel of April, 1605.—

"The archduke received the English ambassador (Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford) with all honour and state; but whilest they were feasting and merry at Brusselles, Prince Maurice had an enterprize upon Antwerp, so that Spinola, Velasco, Van de Bergh, Busquoy, with many commanders, were forced to packe away speedily for the defence of the country."—Grimeston's History of the Netherlands, 1608, p. 1346.

W. M. R. E.

Drawing an Inference.—The following is an amusing instance of false inference, drawn through ignorance of the original. William Rae Wilson is the innocent offender, in his Travels in Egypt and the Holy Land (London, Longmans, 1824, 2nd edition). The author remarks (p. 105.):

"This I am inclined to believe was not the track which was taken by the Apostle Paul, when he went up to Jerusalem from the coast, as he appears to have travelled in some conveyance moved on wheels; for it is so far from being in any degree possible to draw one along, that, on the contrary, a great exertion is necessary for travellers to get forward their mules."

On referring to his authority for such an unapostolic mode of locomotion, we find (Acts xxi. 15.) these words:

"And after those days we took up our carriages, and went up to Jerusalem."

"Μετὰ δὲ τὰς ἡμέρας ταῦτας ἀποσκευασάμενοι ἀνεβαίνομεν ἐις Ἱερουσαλήμ."

The word "carriages" conveyed to the mind of our traveller the idea of a "conveyance moved on wheels;" whereas our translators intended the term to signify anything carried. Professor Scholefield, in his Hints for an improved Translation of the New Testament, renders the passage, "We put up our baggage." In fact, carriage, luggage, and baggage may be termed synonymes; for carriage = that which is carried; luggage = that which is lugged; and baggage = that which is bagged. The word "carriage" is used in this sense, Judges xviii. 21., and again 1 Sam. xvii. 22.

R. Price.

Edmund Spenser.—The subjoined paragraph from The Times newspaper, the readers of "N. & Q." may perhaps wish to find in a less voluminous journal, but by biographers of Spenser more likely to be consulted.

"Edmund Spenser.—The literary world will be glad to learn that the locality of the illustrious author of The Faëry Queen has been ascertained. Mr. F. F. Spenser, of Halifax, in making some researches into the ancient residence of his own family, has been fortunate in identifying it with that of the great Elizabethan bard, and, we are informed, is about to lay the particulars before the public. The little rural village of Hurstwood, near Burnley, in Lancashire, is the honoured locality; and in the romantic Alpine scenery of that neighbourhood it is probable Spenser took refuge when he was driven by academical disappointments 'to his relations in the north of England.' The family of that great poet appear to have resided at Hurstwood about four hundred years, that is, from the early part of the reign of Edward II. to the year 1690."—The Times, Wednesday, June 16, 1841.

W. P.

The Mint, Southwark.—In the year 1723, an act was passed to relieve all those debtors under 50l., who had taken sanctuary there from their creditors. The following curious account of the exodus of these unfortunates, is given in the Weekly Journal of Saturday, July 20, 1723:

"On Tuesday last some thousands of the Minters went out of the Land of Bondage, alias The Mint, to be cleared at the Quarter Sessions at Guildford, according to the late Act of Parliament. The road was covered with them, insomuch that they looked like one of the Jewish tribes going out of Egypt: the cavalcade consisting of caravans, carts, and waggons, besides numbers on horses, asses, and on foot. The drawer of the two fighting-cocks was seen to lead an ass loaded with geneva, to support the spirits of the ladies upon the journey. 'Tis said, that several heathen Bailiffs lay in ambuscade in ditches upon the road, to surprise some of them, if possible, on their march, if they should straggle from the main body; but they proceeded with so much order and discipline, that they did not lose a man upon this expedition."

E. G. B.

Queries.

THE SPECTRE HORSEMEN OF SOUTHERFELL.

On this mountain, which I believe is in the barony of Greystoke, Cumberland, a remarkable phenomenon is said to have been witnessed more than a century ago, circumstances of which appear to have been these:—In 1743 one Daniel Stricket, then servant to John Wren, of Wilton Hill, a shepherd, was sitting one evening after supper (the month is not mentioned) at the door with his master, when they saw a man with a dog pursuing some horses on Southerfell-side, a place so steep that a horse can scarcely travel on it at all; and they seemed to run at an amazing pace, and to disappear at the low end of the fell. Master and man resolved to go next morning to the steep side of the mountain, on which they expected to find that the horses had lost their shoes from the rate at which they galloped, and the man his life. They went, but to their surprise they found no vestige of horses having passed that way. They said nothing about their vision for some time, fearing the ridicule of their neighbours, and this they did not fail to receive when they at length ventured to relate their story. On the 23rd June (the eve of St. John's Day) in the following year (1744), Stricket, who was then servant to a Mr. Lancaster of Blakehills, the next house to Wilton Hill, was walking a little above the house in the evening, about half-past seven, when on looking towards Southerfell he saw a troop of men on horseback, riding on the mountain side in pretty close ranks, and at the speed of a brisk walk. He looked earnestly at this appearance for some time before he ventured to acquaint any one with what he saw, remembering the ridicule he had brought on himself by relating his former vision. At length satisfied of its reality, he went into the house and told his master he had something curious to show him. The master said he supposed Stricket wanted him to look at a bonfire (it being the custom for the shepherds on the eve of St. John to vie with each other for the largest bonfire); however, they went out together, and before Stricket spoke of or pointed to the phenomenon, Mr. Lancaster himself observed it, and when they found they both saw alike, they summoned the rest of the family, who all came, and all saw the visionary horsemen. There were many troops, and they seemed to come from the lower part of the fell, becoming first visible at a place called Knott; they then moved in regular order in a curvilinear path along the side of the fell, until they came opposite to Blakehills, when they went over the mountain and disappeared. The last, or last but one, in every troop, galloped to the front, and then took the swift walking pace of the rest. The spectators saw all alike these changes in relative position, and at the same time, as they found on questioning each other when any change took place. The phenomenon was also seen by every person at every cottage within a mile; and from the time that Stricket first observed it, the appearance lasted two hours and a half, viz. from half-past seven until night prevented any further view. Blakehills lay only half a mile from the place of this extraordinary appearance. Such are the circumstances as related in Clarke's Survey of the Lakes (fol. 1789), and he professes to give this account in the words of Mr. Lancaster, by whom it was related to him, and on whose testimony he fully relied; and he subjoins a declaration of its truth signed by the eye-witnesses, William Lancaster and Daniel Stricket (who then lived under Skiddaw, and followed the business of an auctioneer), dated 21st July, 1785. Mr. Clarke remarks that the country abounds in fables of apparitions, but that they are never said to have been seen by more than one or two persons at a time, and then only for moment; and remembering that Speed mentions some similar appearance to have preceded a civil war, he hazards the supposition that the vision might prefigure the tumults of the rebellion of the following year.

My Query is, Whether any subsequent appearance of the same kind is recorded to have been observed on this haunted mountain, and whether any attempt to account for it on principles of optical science, as applied to a supposed state of the atmosphere, has ever been published?

One is reminded of the apparition said to have been witnessed above Vallambrosa early in the fourteenth century. Rogers, after mentioning in the canto on "Florence and Pisa," in his Italy, that Petrarch, when an infant of seven months old (A.D. 1305), narrowly escaped drowning in a flood of the Arno, on the way from Florence to Ancisa, whither his mother was retiring with him, says:

"A most extraordinary deluge, accompanied by signs and prodigies, happened a few years afterwards. 'On that night,' says Giovanni Villani (xi. 2.), 'a hermit, being at prayer in his hermitage above Vallambrosa, heard a furious trampling as of many horses; and crossing himself and hurrying to the wicket, saw a multitude of infernal horsemen, all black and terrible, riding by at full speed. When, in the name of God, he demanded their purpose, one replied, We are going, if it be His pleasure, to drown the city of Florence for its wickedness. This account,' he adds, 'was given me by the Abbot of Vallambrosa, who had questioned the holy man himself.'"

This vision, however, without doubting the holy man's veracity, may, I presume, be considered wholly subjective.

W. S. G.

Newcastle-on-Tyne.

Minor Queries.

Passage in Bacon.—What is the meaning of this saying of Bacon "Poetry doth raise and erect the mind by submitting the shows of things to the desires of the mind?"

Recnac.

Lamech killing Cain.—In the church of St. Neot, Cornwall, are some very interesting ancient painted windows, representing various legendary and scriptural subjects. In one of them, descriptive of antediluvial history, is a painting of Lamech shooting Cain with a bow and arrow. Are any of your readers acquainted with a similar subject? Is there any tradition to this effect? and does it throw any light on that difficult passage, Gen. iv. 23, 24.?

"And Lamech said unto his wives, Adah and Zillah, Hear my voice: ye wives of Lamech, hearken unto my speech: for I have slain a man to my wounding, and a young man to my hurt.

"If Cain shall be avenged sevenfold, truly Lamech seventy and sevenfold."

J. W. M.

Hordley Ellesmere.

Lord Chief Justice Popham.—C. Gonville says (Vol. vii., p. 259.) that Raleigh Gilbert "emigrated with Lord Chief Justice Popham in 1606" to Plymouth in Virginia. As this is a fact in the history of that learned judge with which I am unacquainted, I shall be obliged to your correspondent to favour me with some particulars. According to Anthony Wood he died on June 10, 1607, and was buried at Wellington in Somersetshire; and Sir Edward Coke (6 Reports, p. 75.) notices the last judgment he pronounced in the previous Easter Term.

Edward Foss.

"Her face was like the milky way," &c.—Where is the subjoined quotation taken from, and what is the context? I cannot be quite certain as to its verbal accuracy.

Via Lactea.

Nelson Rings.—I am in possession of a ring, which in place of a stone has a metal basso-relievo representation of Nelson (half-bust). The inscription inside the ring is as follows:

The late Mr. Thomas Moon was an eminent merchant of Leeds, Yorkshire, and the writer has always understood that the ring referred to is one of three or half-a-dozen, which were made subsequently to Nelson's death, the metal (blackish in appearance) forming the basso-relievo set in them, being in reality portions of the ball which gave the late lamented and immortal admiral his fatal wound at Trafalgar.

Can any of your readers furnish me with the means of authenticating this supposition? likewise I should be glad to know if other similar rings are at present in existence, and by whom owned.

R. Nichols.

Pelsall, Staffordshire.

Books Wanted.—

Life of Thomas Bonnell, Mayor of Norwich, published by Curl.

Samuel Hayne, Abstract of the Statutes relating to Aliens trading, 1690.^[1]

Lalley's Churches and Chapels in London.

Can any of your readers tell me where I shall find these books? I do not see them in the British Museum.

J. S. B.

Mr. Cromlin.—In Smith's History of Waterford (1746) are noticed "the thanks of the House of Commons given to Mr. Cromlin, a French gentleman naturalised in the kingdom, then actually sitting in the house," and the present to him of 10,000l. for establishing a linen manufactory at Waterford. Where shall I find the particulars of this grant recorded?

J. S. B.

Dr. Fletcher and Lady Baker.—Dr. Fletcher, Bishop of London, married a handsome widow, the Lady Baker, sister of George Gifford the Pensioner, at which marriage Queen Elizabeth being much displeased, the bishop is said to have died "discontentedly by immoderate taking of tobacco." (Athenæ.) Who was the Lady Baker's first husband? Who was George Gifford? Was she a Roman Catholic previous to her second marriage?

W. S.

Jeremy Taylor and Christopher Lord Hatton.—Bishop Jeremy Taylor, in his dedication of the Great Exemplar to Christopher Lord Hatton, entreats his lordship to "account him in the number of his relatives." Was Jeremy Taylor in any way connected with Lord Hatton by marriage? His first wife was a Mrs. Joanna Bridges of Mandinam, in the parish of Languedor, co. Carmarthen, and supposed to be a natural daughter of Charles I., to whom she bore a striking resemblance. Do any of your readers know of any relationship between this lady and Lord Hatton, or any other circumstance likely to account for the passage above mentioned?

Clarence Hopper.

"Pylades and Corinna."—Can anybody tell who was the author? Could it be De Foe?

P. R.

The Left Hand; its Etymology.—I have read with much pleasure Trench's Study of Words. The following passage occurs at p. 185:

"The 'left' hand, as distinguished from the right, is the hand which we 'leave,' inasmuch as for twenty times we use the right hand, we do not once employ it; and it obtains its name from being 'left' unused so often."

Now I should certainly be sorry to appear

I am not the person to aim a word at Mr. Trench's eye. Although I am Bœotian enough to ask, I am not too far Bœotian to feel no shame in asking, whether it is quite impossible that "left" should be corruption of lævus, λαιὸς. We have, at all events, adopted dexter, the "right" hand, and the rest of its family.

Bœoticus.

Edgmond, Salop.

The Parthenon.—M. de Chateaubriand says that the Greek, Theodore Zygomalas, who wrote in 1575, is the first among modern writers to have made known the existence of the Temple of Minerva or Parthenon, which was believed to have been totally destroyed. The Messager des Sciences et des Arts de la Belgique, vol. iv. p. 24., corrects Chateaubriand, and says that Ciriaco d'Ancona had, in the year 1436, described this celebrated monument, together with other ancient buildings of Athens. I am desirous of verifying this statement, and for this purpose beg the assistance of some of your learned correspondents, who may probably be able to inform me what is the title and date of the work of Ciriaco in which this description of the Parthenon occurs.

W. M. R. E.

Replies.

MEDIÆVAL OR MIDDLE AGES.

(Vol. v., p. 469.)

The question there put by L. T. is still constantly asked, and the answer given by a reference to Mr. Dowling's work may perhaps be unsatisfactory to many, as not sufficiently defining the period at which the Middle Ages may be said to terminate. By some of the best historical writers, the commencement and termination are variously stated. In a work recently published by George T. Manning, entitled Outlines of the History of the Middle Ages, with heads of analysis, &c., the Querist seems answered with more precision. Mr. Manning divides General History into three great divisions—Ancient History, that of the Middle Ages, and Modern History; the first division extending from the Creation to about four hundred years after the birth of Christ; the second from A.D. 400 to the close of the fifteenth century of the Christian era; the third embracing those ages which have elapsed since the close of mediæval times.

The Middle Age portions he divides into five great periods, denoted by the vast changes which took place in the course of that history, viz.:

The doubling of the Cape of Good Hope being the last important event, which he places in 1497.

This is nearly the same view as taken by M. Lamé Fleury, who commences with the fall of the Western Empire in 476, and closes with the conquest of Granada by the Spaniards in 1492: thinking that memorable event, which terminated in a degree the struggle of the Western against the Eastern Empire, a better limit ("une limite plus rigoureusement exacte") than the taking of Constantinople by Mahomet II. in 1453, the date when this historical period is generally terminated by most writers.

Appended to this little volume is a list of remarkable dates and events, as also of battles and treaties during the Middle Ages.

G.

CONSECRATORS OF ENGLISH BISHOPS.

(Vol. vii., pp. 132. 220.)

1. Ashurst Turner Gilbert, Bishop of Chichester, was consecrated Feb. 27, 1842, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, assisted by the Bishops of Lincoln and Llandaff.

2. Edward Field, Bishop of Newfoundland, April 28, 1844, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, assisted by the Bishops of London, Bangor, and Worcester.

3. Thomas Turton, Bishop of Ely;

4. John Medley, Bishop of Fredericton;

5. James Chapman, Bishop of Columbo; May 4, 1845, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, assisted by the Bishops of London, Rochester, Lincoln, Hereford, Lichfield, and Bishop Coleridge.

6. Samuel Gobat, Bishop of the United Church of England and Ireland in Jerusalem, July 5, 1846, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, assisted by the Bishops of London, Calcutta, and Lichfield.

7. George Smith, Bishop of Victoria;

8. David Anderson, Bishop of Rupert's Land; May 29, 1849, in Canterbury Cathedral, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, assisted by the Bishops of London, Winchester, and Oxford.

9. Francis Fulford, Bishop of Montreal, July 25, 1830, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, assisted by the Bishops of Oxford, Salisbury, Chichester, Norwich, and Toronto.

10. John Harding, Bishop of Bombay, Aug. 10, 1851, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, assisted by the Bishop of London and Bishop Carr.

11. Hibbert Binney, Bishop of Nova Scotia, March 25, 1851, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, assisted by the Bishops of London, Chichester, and Oxford.

12. John Lonsdale, Bishop of Lichfield, was consecrated in the chapel of Lambeth Palace.

I believe A. S. A. will find all his Queries answered in the above list; but as he may wish to know the names as well as the titles of the consecrating Bishops, I subjoin a list of them.

In the consecration of the first six bishops in the list, the Archbishop of Canterbury was Dr. William Howley; in all the others he was Dr. John Bird Sumner. The Bishop of Lincoln, wherever mentioned, was Dr. John Kaye. The Bishop of Llandaff was Dr. E. Coplestone; the Bishop of London was Dr. C. J. Blomfield; the Bishop of Bangor, Dr. Christopher Bethell; the Bishop of Worcester, Dr. H. Pepys; the Bishop of Rochester, Dr. George Murray; the Bishop of Hereford, Dr. Thomas Musgrave; the Bishop of Lichfield, Dr. John Lonsdale; the Bishop of Calcutta, Dr. Daniel Wilson; the Bishop of Winchester, Dr. C. R. Sumner; the Bishop of Oxford, Dr. Samuel Wilberforce; the Bishop of Salisbury, Dr. Edward Denison; the Bishop of Chichester, Dr. A. T. Gilbert; the Bishop of Norwich, Dr. Samuel Hinds; the Bishop of Toronto, Dr. John Strachan.

Tyro.

Dublin.

"GRINDLE."

(Vol. vii., p. 107.)

The question of C. G. supplies a new instance of an ancient and heroic word still surviving in a local name. The only other places in England that I have as yet heard of are, Grindleton in the West Riding of Yorkshire, and a Gryndall in the East Riding. The authority for this latter is Mr. Williams' Translation of Leo's Anglo-Saxon Names, p. 7., note 3.

In old England, the name was probably not uncommon: it occurs in a description of landmarks in Kemble's Codex Dipl., vol. ii. p. 172.: "on grendles mere."

There is a peculiar interest attaching to this word; or, I might say, it is invested with a peculiar horror, as being the name of the malicious fiend, the man-enemy whom Beowulf subdues in our eldest national Epic:

So he is introduced in the poem, when, in the dead of night, he comes to the hall where the warriors are asleep, ravining for the human prey. The following is something like the meaning of the lines:—