Self-sizing device, Gorham's invention of, 117

Seneca, quoted, 154

Serfs, 15, 124

Servia, conditions in (1809), 4

Sèvres porcelain, 53

Seward, William H., 91, 98, 155

Sewerage, none in Chicago when Cyrus H. McCormick came, 70

Sewing-machine, 17, 49, 69, 131, 210

Seymour, Morgan & Co., 66, 116, 119, 120

Sheffield steel used in manufacture of Reapers, 74

Sherwood farm, near Elgin, Ill., 111

Shipping, Chicago becomes centre for, 73, 215

Siberia, Russia seeking seaport for, 204;
wheat crop of, 209, 217;
railway across, 212;
development of, 228;
might take lesson from Red River Valley, 231

Sickle, its use in 1809, 5

Side-draught construction of Reaper, 33, 34

Side-delivery machine, first practical, 46

Skulls, pyramid of, 4

Slaves, work of, 191

Smith, Abraham, 60, 62

Smith, Joshua, 57

Smith, Sidney, 130

Social conditions in 1809, 79

Solomon, 206

South Carolina, 97

Spain, in 1809, 4;
wheat imported by, 241

Spaulding, George H., 115

Speculators, grain, 224, 225

Spencer, Herbert, 51

Spring, Charles, 143

Stanton, Edwin M., 91, 99

Staunton, Virginia, 2, 40, 57, 58, 60

Steamboat, invention of, 210

Steele, Eliza, 37

Steele, John, 37, 40

Steele's Tavern, Virginia, 37

Stewart, A. T., 21, 81

Stock-yards not located at Chicago when Cyrus H. McCormick came, 70

Storage of wheat, 213, 214

Suez Canal, 70, 210

Sulina, 217, 218

Surveying, Cyrus H. McCormick's study of, 27

Sweden in 1809, 4;
speculation in grain in, 224;
wheat production in, 241, 242

Switzerland, 225, 242

T

Taylor, Dr., 40

Taylor, Hon. William, 39, 40

Tecumseh, 4

Tehuantepec Inter-Ocean Railroad, 144

Telegraph, 49, 50, 70, 131, 210

Telephone, 210

Temperance society at Saratoga, 7

Tennessee, Scotch-Irish in, 20;
first Reaper purchased in, 63;
comparison of grain production of, 242

Tennyson, 1, 51

Texas, Scotch-Irish in, 20;
not in the Union in 1831, 51

Theatres in early Chicago, 70, 71

Thompson, J. Edgar, 101

Tilden, 76, 165

Times, Chicago, 166

Times, London, 130

Town and city dwellers, proportion of, 195, 196

Town laborers become farmers, 11

Trans-Siberian railway, 212

Transportation charges on wheat, 213

Transportation of Reapers from Virginia farm, 64

Tribune, of Chicago, founded, 71

Trolley, introduction of, 210

Tunis, 242

Turks in Servia (1809), 4

Tutwiler, Colonel, 63

Twine-mill in McCormick factory, Chicago, 197

Twine self-binders, 115118, 121

Tyre, King of, 206

Tyrol, riot in (1809), 4

U

Ulster, county of, 19, 21, 22

Union Army in Rockbridge County, Virginia, 36

Union Pacific Railway, 144

United States, in 1809, 4 et seq.;
Scotch-Irish in, 1821;
papers printed in (1831), 48;
railways in (1831), 49;
extent and development of (1831), 50;
Buffalo chief grain market of, 69;
London Exposition display from, 126;
inventions credited to, 130;
reasons why Reapers were invented in, 136, 201;
McCormick's place in history of, 153;
production of wheat in, 188, 189;
manufacturing and labor in (1884), 189;
Reaper little used in, until after 1849, 190;
Reaper appreciated in, 191;
industrial supremacy of, 195, 229;
harvesting machinery industry in, 201;
wheat crop of, 209;
cost of production of wheat in, 209;
railway across, 211;
grain inspection in, 222;
speculation in, 225;
cultivation of semi-arid land in, 228;
consumption of bread in, 239;
area and population of, compared with India, 242, 243

V

Van Buren, Martin, 76, 178

Vermont hay crop, relative value of, 5

Victoria, Queen, 125, 132

Virchow, 51

"Virginia Reapers," 64

Virginia, Scotch-Irish in, 20;
main wheat State in 1831, 51, 193;
supremacy passing to Ohio, 67

W

Wages of harvesters at time of introduction of Reaper, 38

Wallace, Andrew, 40

Wallace, Henry, 106, 107

Wallace's Farmer, 106

Walton, N. Y., 76

Warder Reaper manufacturer, 103, 120

Warehouses at Reaper agencies, 83, 84

Warfare, expenses of modern, 233

Washburn, William D., 235, 236

Washington, George, 5, 6, 11, 15, 17, 20, 81, 234

Washington State, 238

Watson, Peter H., 91, 99

Watt, 131

Weaving machinery, inventors of, 53

Webster, Daniel, 15, 76, 95, 164

Weed, Thurlow, 72

West, orders for Reapers from the, 63;
transportation to the, 64;
McCormick visits the, 65;
need of quicker method of cutting grain in the, 65, 66;
Chicago helped by use of Reaper in, 73;
McCormick's policy developed the, 86;
Reaper preceded railway in the, 192;
wheat crop of the, 193;
railways in the, 211;
Reaper advance-machine of civilization in, 227

Wet grain, adaptation of the Reaper to cut, 33, 61, 62

"Whaleback" grain ships, 210

Wheat, 51, 67, 69, 70, 73, 188196, 201, 203, 205 et seq.

Wheat Congress, international, 233

Wheat-ships, 210213

Whiteley, William N., 45, 46, 120, 150

Whitney, Eli, 52, 97, 191

Whittier, 51

Willmoth, improver of battleship turret, 95

Wilson family from Ayrshire, Scotland, 86

Wilson, Hon. James, 86, 87, 192

Winnipeg Grain Exchange, 225

Wire self-binders displaced by twine self-binders, 115117

Wisconsin, 50, 63, 114

Withington, Charles B., 109115

Wood, Jethro, 49, 53

Wood, Walter A., 103, 112, 120

Woodworth, inventor, 95

World's Fair, Chicago, 1893, 124

Wright, Joseph A., 134

Written guarantees given with McCormick Reapers, 79

Y

Yellow fever in the McCormick family, 16