[421] As to the British Neutrality Regulations, see 2 Ferguson, Appendix F, p. 77; 2 Lorimer, 446.
[422] 3 Whart., § 402; U. S. For. Rel., 1870.
[423] Proc. and Decrees of the war with Spain, Brazil, XVI, p. 15.
[424] Wheat, D., § 425; Dana, contra, note 203; 1 Kent Com., pp. 49, 116; Bluntschli, § 759; Woolsey, § 165.
[425] Hall, § 217, p. 621.
[426] 15 U. S. Sts. at Large, 259.
[427] 3 Whart., § 391.
[428] U. S. Rev. Sts., § 5288.
[429] 1 Amer. State Papers, 116.
[430] p. 627, § 221.
[432] 3 Whart., § 402 a, p. 632.
[433] Bonfils, "Droit Int. Public," § 1494 ff.; Despagnet, "Droit Int. Public," § 682 ff.
[434] Walker, "Science of Int. Law," p. 296.
[435] See Treaties of U. S. under respective dates.
[437] For the discussion of "the immunity of private property on the high seas," at the Hague Peace Conference, see Holls, 306 et seq.
[438] Proclamations and Decrees during the war with Spain, pp. 77, 93.
[439] 3 Whart., § 391.
[441] "De Jure Belli," Bk. III., Ch. i., 5; The "Petershoff," 5 Wall., 28, 58.
[442] Woolsey, "Int. Law," § 194.
[443] U. S. Naval War Code, Arts. 34, 36; Appendix, p. 412; see Propositions Institute Int. Law, Cambridge, 1895, §§ 3 and 4.
[444] The "Commercen," 1 Wheat., 382.
[445] See article of John Bassett Moore in Review of Reviews, May, 1899.
[446] The "Jonge Tobias," 1 C. Rob. 329.
[447] The "Staadt Embden," 1 C. Rob. 26; Takahashi, p. 94.
[448] Perels, "Manuel Droit Maritime," § 46, p. 283.
[449] p. 690, § 247.
[450] In some cases, belligerents exercise the so-called right of using or destroying belligerent property on the plea of necessity, giving compensation. This practice is called "angary" or "prestation," and is by most jurists either condemned or regarded with disfavor. An illustration is the sinking, during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, by the Germans, of several British merchant ships in the Seine to prevent French gunboats from going up the river. During the same war, the Germans seized in Alsace, for military purposes, certain railway carriages of the Central Swiss Railway and certain Austrian rolling stock, all of which remained in the possession of the Germans for some time. See Lawrence, § 252; Hall, p. 765, § 278. See Appendix, p. 402.
[451] 6 C. Rob. 440, 454.
[453] The "Orozembo," 6 C. Rob. 430.
[454] Wheat., D., p. 648.
[455] The "Kow-Shing," Takahashi, 24-51.
[456] 1 C. Rob. 340, 359.
[457] The "Marianna Flora," 11 Wheat., 1.
[458] "International Law," Naval War College, p. 164; Lawrence, §§ 124, 210.
[461] U. S. Naval War Code, Art. 33; Appendix, p. 410. Most of the forms are given in Glass's "Marine International Law."
[462] Hall, p. 644, § 277.
[463] Takahashi, 16-23.
[464] Gessner, "Le droit des neutres sur mer," Ch. IV.; Perels, "Manuel Droit Maritime," § 56.
[465] U. S. Naval War Code, Art. 30.
[466] Takahashi, p. 13.
[468] Walker, "Science of Int. Law," p. 304.
[470] President McKinley's Proclamation of Blockade, during the war with Spain, is given in Proclamations and Decrees, p. 75, and President Lincoln's, during the war with the South, in 12 U. S. Sts. at Large. Appendix, ii, iii.
[473] Calvo, § 2841.
[474] "International Law," Naval War College, p. 155.
[475] "Juffrow Maria Schroeder," 3 C. Rob., 147, 153, 154.
[476] See 3 Phillimore, Chap. XI.
[477] The "Maria," 5 C. Rob., 365, 368.
[478] 5 C. Rob., 385, 396.
[479] p. 695 n, § 247.
[480] 3 Wall., 514.
[481] Blatchford's Prize Cases, 387, 405, 407; Snow's "Cases," p. 509.
[483] U. S. Naval War Code, Arts. 13, 14, 21.
[484] Lawrence, § 212.
[485] Takahashi, p. 105.
[486] U. S. Rev. Sts., § 563, cl. 8; 18 St., 316, c. 80.
[487] U. S. Rev. Sts., § 4618, also 1624, par. 16-17; 4615, 4617, 4621; The "Nassau," 4 Wall., 634.
[488] Wheat., D., n. 186, III.; U. S. Rev. Sts. § 4622.
[489] Wheat., D., n. 186, III.; The "Springbok" 5 Wall., 1; The "Sir William Peel," ibid., 517.
[490] Wheat., D., n, 186, III.
[491] The "La Manche," 2 Sprague, 207. The method of procedure in a prize court, in case of enemy property, is given in Appendix, p. 421 et seq. With a few changes, the same forms may be used in the case of neutral property. See further on the method of procedure in a prize court, Takahashi, pp. 11 et seq., 73-107, 172-191.
[492] Lawrence, § 212.
[493] Perels, "Manuel Droit Maritime Int.," p. 457.
[494] 30 U. S. Sts. at Large, 1007.
[496] This translation is by W. E. Hall, member of the Institute.
[497] See Holls, "Hague Peace Conference," 457.
[498] The modified text alone is given. The entire report of the proceedings by Sir A. Horsford will be found in 2 Lorimer, 337 et seq.
[499] See Glenn, 373; Holls, "Hague Peace Conference," 457.
[500] See Holls, "Hague Peace Conference," 121 et seq.
[501] The British Foreign Enlistment Acts of 1819 and 1870 may be found in 2 Lorimer, 476 et seq.
[503] See 1 Whart., § 67.
[504] See ibid., §§ 21, 50 c., 3 ibid., § 350.
[505] Attorney Gen'l v. Sillem et als, 2 Hurlstone v. Coltman, Exchequer Reports, 431.
[506] Page 544. For the cases of the "Pampero" and the two iron-clad rams, see Wheat., D., note p. 572 et seq.
[507] The American view may be found in Cushing's "Treaty of Washington," and the British in Bernard's "Historical Account of the Neutrality of Great Britain during the American Civil War."
[508] See Wheat., D., note p. 553 et seq.
[509] Hall, § 225.
[510] U. S. Treaties, 481.
[511] Argument of Sir R. Palmer in the "Argument at Geneva," published by the United States at p. 426 et seq.
[512] 7 Cranch, 116.
[513] Argument of Mr. Evarts in "Argument at Geneva," p. 448 et seq.
[514] Decision and Award of the Tribunal of Arbitration in 3 Wharton, § 402 a.
[515] pp. 553, 554.