Madison, James, Va., attends convention, i., 2;
moves question of representation in legislature, 36;
Pierce's sketch of, 36, n.;
favors proportional representation, 36, 38, 253;
favors election to House by popular vote, 41, 86;
opposes district elections to Senate, 44;
opposes defining powers of national legislature, 47;
opposes use of force against recalcitrant states, 47;
moves consideration of powers of executive, 52;
opposes removability of executive on motion of state legislatures, 63;
favors qualified negative of executive on legislation, 71;
favors inclusion of judiciary with executive in negative on legislation, 75, 91;
opposes appointment
of judges by legislature, 77, 131;
favors ratification of constitution by popular vote, 80, ii., 36;
favors creation of inferior judicial tribunals, i., 83;
opposes elections to Senate by state legislatures, 99;
favors a small Senate elected by the people, 96;
favors negative by national legislature of state laws, 102, 106, 373;
favors three years' term for Representatives, 124;
favors national compensation of members of national legislature, 125, 212;
favors seven years' term for Senators, 128;
moves to define jurisdiction of judiciary, 130;
thinks Senate should have power to originate money bills, 133;
opposes Jersey plan, 167;
thinks national government in danger from state governments, 202;
opposes annual elections of Representatives, 208;
favors compensation of Representatives by fixed standard, 211;
favors ineligibility of Representatives to other offices, 218;
favors partial ineligibility of Representatives to other offices, 221;
moves debate on mode of voting in Senate, 235;
sets forth objects of Senate, 238;
opposes compensation of Senators by state legislatures, 345;
opposes equal state representation, 264, 276, 357, 363;
would preserve state rights, 282;
opposes compromise committee on representation in Senate, 292, 296;
thinks question of representation vital, 315;
suggests representation by free population in House and by free and slaves in Senate, 321;
moves increase in representation of all states, 325;
thinks basis of representation should be fixed, 335;
favors census at least every fifteen years, 340;
favors adjustment of taxation to representation, 348;
favors independence of executive, 380;
thinks tendency is to give executive too little power, 382;
favors appointment of judges by executive and one-third of Senate, 385;
moves appointment of judges by executive and two-thirds of Senate, 387;
objects to power to increase judges' salaries, 388;
favors continuance of old Congress to prevent interregnum, 390;
favors national guaranty against domestic violence, 391;
favors election of executive by the people, ii., 6;
favors varying ratio for electors to choose executive, 10;
favors impeachability of executive, 12;
seconds motion to include judiciary in revisionary power, 18, 22;
moves appointment of judges by executive and Senate, 26;
is willing to allow a majority of Senate to reject appointment of judges, 28;
speaks on mode of election of executive, 49;
thinks each voter may vote for two persons for executive, 54;
thinks persons indebted to government should be excluded from legislature, 60;
moves that property qualification be not confined to landed property, 62;
opposes mutual negative of each branch of legislature over acts of the other, 92;
suggests that time of meeting of legislature be not fixed in constitution, 92, 93;
favors fixing time of meeting of legislature provisionally, 94;
favors changing time of meeting of legislature from December to May, 95;
favors power of suffrage by freeholders, 99;
views on suffrage, 100, n.;
favors requiring Representatives to be inhabitants of their states, 107;
opposes proposition that Representatives be required to reside seven years in their states, 108;
objects to fixed ratio of Representatives to inhabitants, 111;
moves representation of not more than 1 to 40,000 inhabitants, 136;
opposed to originating money bills in House, 116;
moves that vacancies in Senate must happen by refusals, resignations, etc., 117;
thinks provision as to money bills valueless to large states, 118;
opposes fourteen years' citizenship as necessary for Senators, 121;
opposes leaving time and mode of electing Representatives wholly to state legislatures, 126;
writes to Jefferson on progress of the convention, 126, n.;
thinks property qualification for members of government should be fixed in constitution, 130, 131;
moves that expulsion from legislature be by two-thirds vote, 135;
moves legislature have power to compel attendance, 135;
moves that Senate shall publish its legislative journal, 137;
insists upon central location for capital, 139;
thinks legislature should not have power to change place of meeting, 138;
writes to his father, 142, n.;
thinks citizenship and inhabitancy alone necessary for Representatives, 144;
thinks government responsible for what states have done, 146;
thinks Senate may decrease money bills, 152;
thinks constitution should regulate compensation of legislature, 167;
moves that laws be revised by executive and judiciary, 172;
thinks power to tax exports desirable, 176;
opposes power to emit bills of credit, 181;
thinks punishment of piracies, etc., ought not to be fixed by legislature, 184;
moves that legislature define piracies, etc., 185;
moves that rebellion to be suppressed be against government, 187;
moves to give legislature power to declare war, 188;
submits power over public lands, Indians, seat of government, charters, copyrights, university, forts, 189;
favors national control of militia, 197;
moves power to create offices in legislature, 203;
thinks treason should be broadly defined, 203, 204;
thinks treason may be against nation and a state, 205;
thinks treason should not be twice punishable, 207;
thinks present representation temporary, 211;
favors power to tax exports, 215;
favors taxation of exports by two-thirds legislature, 217;
on committee on navigation acts, 226;
thinks new government should have power to fulfil engagements of old government, 229;
explains provisions as to militia, 230;
favors national control of militia, 232;
proposes states appoint militia officers under rank of general, 233;
thinks disunion the greatest danger, 234;
moves to commit question of negative of state laws, 236;
moves to include President in treaty-making power, 238;
suggests inconvenience of legal ratification of treaties, 238;
suggests varying participation of legislature in different treaties, 240;
thinks larger states should have larger vote in election of executive, 244;
moves extension of appointing power of executive, 246;
opposes slave-trade extension, 250;
opposes admitting property in men in constitution, 252;
moves that treaties be supreme law, 252;
thinks president of Senate should not be in executive succession, 256;
moves amendment to oath of executive, 256;
favors fixed salaries for judges, 258;
proposes salaries of judges be not changed for three years, 258;
moves judiciary have jurisdiction over cases in which U. S. is a party, 259;
thinks judicial power should not extend to all cases under constitution, 259;
moves verbal change in judiciary clause, 260;
thinks states should not have power to interfere in private contracts, 263;
thinks retrospective laws are prohibited, 263;
moves states be forbidden to pass embargoes, 264;
moves to forbid states to lay imposts, 264, 265;
objects to imposts by states, 266;
favors committing clause on state acts, 267;
thinks commercial regulations not injurious to south, 272;
thinks western states entitled to an equality with others, 274;
opposes guaranty of public lands, 281;
thinks constitution may go into operation without a majority in favor, 284;
moves ratification by seven states and thirty-three Representatives, 285;
thinks ratification conventions necessary, 286;
thinks it inconvenient if vessels must enter and clear at their own ports, 291;
on committee of August 31, 292;
offers amendment strengthening interstate validity of state acts, 293;
fears election of President will be thrown on Senate, 300;
doubts if legislature should judge of privileges of its members, 304;
thinks legislature should not participate in electing President, 309;
proposes that election of President may be by one-third of whole number of electors, 310;
moves that electors not voting be not counted, 311;
moves that two-thirds Senate be present when voting for President, 318;
shows President may be elected by two states, 319;
moves that election of President by legislature when Vice-president also dies be temporary, 323;
seconds motion that no state vote for President in legislature by less than three Representatives, 325;
thinks some cure required to prevent minority in legislature electing President, 325;
proposes treaties of peace be by majority of Senate, 330;
proposes two-thirds Senate make treaties of peace without President, 330;
favors executive council, 332;
thinks treaties have been too easily made in past, 334;
moves quorum of Senate be two-thirds, 406;
thinks impeachment of President should not be on vague grounds, 335;
moves supreme court try President, 335;
seconds motion to increase representation, 339;
thinks clause relative to amendments should be reconsidered, 340, 341;
favors three-quarter vote to override President's negative, 363;
favors state export duties, 365;
thinks supreme court can negative state laws, 365;
moves verbal amendment to clause relative to negative of bills, 368;
moves words "by lot" be struck out for classifying Senators, 369;
thinks President ought not to be suspended when impeached, 370;
favors national charters where states are incompetent, 372;
moves power to establish university, 374;
favors limiting standing army, 374;
moves public accounts be published from time to time, 376;
writes to J. Q. Adams, 378, n.;
favors national control of commercial regulations, 380;
thinks Senate may participate in pardons for treason, 382;
thinks superior officers may make appointments, 383;
thinks legislature may propose amendments, 385;
opposes special provisos in constitution, 386.

Madison, Rev. James, of William and Mary, writes to James Madison on prospects of convention, ii., 75, n.

Manufactures, encouragement of, by imposts, debate on. ii., 264, 265;
regulation of, debated, 265.

Marque and reprisal, letters of, power to grant, proposed, iv., 366.

Martin, Alexander, N. C., attends convention, i., 2;
insists upon equal power of states, 188;
favors elections of Representatives regulated by state legislatures, 204;
favors ineligibility of Representatives to other offices, 218;
Pierce's sketch of, 218, n.;
on compromise committee on representation, 292;
moves increase in representation of North Carolina, 325;
opposes fixing national capital at same place with a state capital, ii., 66;
seconds motion for commercial regulations, 269.

Martin, Luther, Md., attends convention, i., 107;
opposes oath from state officers to national government, 123;
Pierce's sketch of, 189;
opposes legislature of two branches, 195;
wishes to preserve state governments, 248, 250;
insists on state sovereignty, 268, 287;
favors two confederacies if states cannot have equal vote in Senate, 356;
opposes national negative on state laws, 373;
moves that national laws be binding on state judiciary, 374;
favors election of executive by electors chosen by state legislatures, 378;
moves to consider question of re-eligibility of executive, 383;
favors appointment of judges by Senate, 384;
opposes creation of inferior judicial tribunals, 384;
opposes power in national government to suppress rebellion in states, 391;
moves ineligibility of executive to re-election, 8, 42;
opposes inclusion of judiciary in revisionary power, 21;
opposes voting in Senate per capita, 38;
favors disqualification from legislature of debtors to government, 64;
moves eleven years' term for executive, 43;
favors state compensation of Senate, 169;
asks definition of "duties" and "imposts," 176;
opposes power to subdue rebellion in a state without its consent, 186;
favors provision against large army in time of peace, 195;
moves treason be punishable on confession, 208;
proposes direct taxation by quotas from states, 212;
moves that states be permitted to tax migration of slaves, 218;
on committee on navigation acts, 225;
favors state control of militia, 232;
moves clause to prevent discrimination in ports of entry, 252;
moves to restrict executive power of pardoning, 255;
withdraws motion, 255;
opposes requiring large states to consent to forming new states, 275;
opposes admission of new states by two-thirds vote, 275;
favors committing motion to require consent of states to dismemberment, 277;
thinks new states should be formed without consent of old states, 279;
moves that land claims be examined by supreme court, 282;
moves guaranty of domestic tranquillity on state executive's application, 283;
insists upon ratification by state legislatures, 289;
thinks the people will not vote for constitution, 289.

Mason, George, Va., attends convention, i., 2;
objects to report of committee on rules, 6;
Pierce's sketch of, 6, n.;
thinks government should operate on individuals, 34;
favors seven years' term for executive, 54;
favors election of executive by the people, 55;
opposes subordinating executive to legislature, 63;
opposes single executive, 72;
favors election of Representatives by the people, 86, 205;
favors separation of purse from sword, 93;
favors election of Senators by state legislatures, 100;
favors provision for amendments to constitution, 122;
favors national compensation of Representatives, 126;
favors two branches of legislature, 192;
favors biennial elections of Representatives, 208;
moves that Representatives be at least twenty-five years of age, 213;
favors ineligibility of Representatives to other offices, 215, 222;
opposes ineligibility of Representatives to other offices, 218;
favors representation in Senate by states, 235;
favors property qualification for Senate, 246;
on compromise committee on representation, 292;
supports report of compromise committee on representation, 302;
moves to refer question of voting in Senate to committee, 308;
thinks money bills should originate in House, 309, ii., 115, 118;
favors an increase in representation, i., 326;
favors representation based on population, 329;
thinks slaves should have proportion in representation, 332;
thinks legislature ought not to fix representation, 334;
thinks constitution ought to fix representation, 338;
thinks taxation should be according to representation, 344;
opposed to direct taxation proportioned to number of Representatives, 349;
opposes election of executive by the people, 377;
opposes election of executive to serve during good behavior, 381;
opposes appointment of judges by executive, 384, ii., 28;
favors institution of inferior judicial tribunals, i., 389;
favors guaranty of republican government to the states, 391;
favors impeachability of executive, ii., 11;
favors inclusion of judiciary in revisionary power, 19, 23;
thinks constitution should be ratified by the people, 31;
opposes three Senators from each State, 38;
favors election by legislature of executive for not more than six years in twelve, 52;
moves seven years' term and ineligibility for executive, 59;
proposes property qualification for legislature, 59;
moves to exclude from legislature debtors to United States, 59;
moves that national capital be not at a state capital, 66;
withdraws the motion, 67;
doubts propriety of mutual negative of each branch of legislature on the other, 91, 92;
thinks time of meeting of legislature should not be fixed by constitution, 94;
thinks suffrage question should be left to the states, 97;
favors free general suffrage, 98;
thinks seven years' citizenship should be required of Representatives, 107;
moves that Representatives be required to be inhabitants of their states for one year, 109;
favors postponing question of voting in Senate, 118;
favors postponing question of originating money bills, 120;
thinks aliens should not be in legislature, 121;
thinks quorum in legislature should be a majority, 133;
approves expulsion from legislature by two-thirds vote, 135;
thinks yeas and nays should be required, 136;
thinks publication of journal of legislature necessary, 138;
thinks government not bound by state laws on naturalization, 149;
thinks first money bills should originate in House, 149;
moves to allow members of legislature to hold any office, 159;
thinks Representatives should be independent of state legislatures, 168;
thinks revenue bills should originate in House, 170;
thinks Senate may alienate territory, 171;
moves that no tax be laid on exports, 179;
favors power to emit bills of credit, 181, 183;
favors appointment of treasurer by legislature, 184;
thinks punishment may be fixed in cases of piracy, etc., 184;
opposes giving power of war to executive, 188;
thinks general government should regulate militia, 190;
thinks funds may be diverted in time of war, 191;
appointed on grand committee, 193;
favors partial national control of militia, 195, 196;
favors power to make sumptuary laws, 202;
thinks treason may be against a state, 205;
thinks treason should be defined, 208;
calls up amendment as to money bills, 211;
thinks states should retain power over exports, 216;
denounces slavery and slave trade, 219;
asks how legislature can negative state laws, 231;
objects to compelling settlement of old debts, 347;
opposes naming slave-importing states, 250;
thinks tax on importation of men necessary, 252;
on committee of August 25, 254;
moves amendment to executive's oath, 256;
thinks judges' salaries should be fixed, 258;
thinks states may interfere in private contracts, 263;
thinks states may lay embargoes, 264;
thinks states may wish to encourage industries by imposts, 265;
thinks two-thirds vote necessary for commercial regulations, 271;
thinks western people should be treated with equality, 274;
thinks nine states may ratify constitution, 288;
declares he will not sign constitution, 289;
approves amendment relative to interstate validity of state acts, 293;
thinks members of legislature should not hold other offices, 296;
thinks President will usually be chosen by Senate, 301;
thinks election of President by electors objectionable, 308;
thinks President may be elected by minority, 309;
moves that Senate choose President from three highest candidates, 311;
thinks system of electors autocratic, 312;
prefers eventual election of President by House of Representatives, 318;
approves increasing number for quorum to elect President, 319;
thinks Vice-President will encroach on Senate's rights, 326;
favors an executive council, 331;
moves to extend reasons for impeaching President, 335;
moves to postpone motion for second convention, 347;
thinks two-thirds vote may override President's negative, 362;
thinks bill of rights necessary, 364;
moves states may levy export duties, 364;
moves clause for sumptuary laws, 366;
on committee on sumptuary legislation, 366;
favors state tax on exports, 367;
moves publication of all proceedings of House, 370;
favors power to cut canals, 373;
opposed to standing armies, 374;
moves to strike out prohibition of ex post facto laws, 375;
moves verbal amendment to capitation tax clause, 375;
moves annual publication of expenditures, 376;
thinks states may lay tonnage dues, 380;
thinks President should not have power to pardon for treason, 382;
thinks legislature should have pardoning power for treason, 382;
disapproves provision for amendments, 385;
objects to navigation acts by majority, 387;
announces he cannot sign constitution, 387;
refuses to sign, 398.