Q

Quabbe, 604

Quidquid est in territorio est etiam de territorio, 178, 231

Qui in territorio meo est, etiam meus subditus est, 231

R

Rachel, 90

Radiotelegraphy, 236

office of, 516

on the Open Sea, 355

Radiotelegraphic Convention, 355

Union, 614

Railway transports and freights, Union concerning, 614

Office of, 517

Rank of States, 171

Rastadt and Baden, Peace Treaty of, 63

Ratification of treaties:

by whom effected, 558

conception of, 553

effect of, 561

form of, 557

not absolutely necessary, 554

not to be partial or conditional, 559

rationale for, 554

refusal of, 556

space of time for, 555

Rationale for the freedom of the Open Sea, 327

Real Union of States, 123, 131, 134

Rebus sic stantibus, clause of, 280, 573-574

Recall of diplomatic envoys, 477

Reception of diplomatic envoys, 449, 451, 452

Reception of aliens:

may be received conditionally only, 392

no obligation to receive aliens, 390

Recognition:

of a change in the form of government, 120

of a change in the title of a State, 121, 173

of a new head of a State, 425

of a State through appointment of consul, 489

of States, 116-121

of insurgents as a belligerent Power, 119

Reconduction of foreigners, 402

Reconfirmation of treaties, 581

Recousse, droit de, 347

Red Indians, 35

Redintegration, acquisition of nationality by, 376

Redintegration of treaties, 581

Regents, 432

Registration of Aliens, Act for the, 398

Reign of Terror, 412

Release, loss of nationality through, 378

Religious disabilities, 364, 368

in Roumania, 388

Renewal of treaties, 580

Renunciation as an international transaction, 539

Renunciation of a treaty, 571

Renvoi, droit de, 402

Reprisals, 396

Republics:

American, 624

Italian, 438

Negro, 32

Presidents of, 433, 434

Rescission of treaties, 571

Res extra commercium, 323

Residents, 445

Responsales, 437

Responsibility of States, 206-225

for acts of courts of justice, 216

for acts of diplomatic envoys, 215

for acts of heads of States, 214

for acts of insurgents and rioters, 222

for acts of members of Governments, 215

for acts of officials and military forces, 218

for acts of Parliaments, 216

for acts of private individuals, 221

Res transit cum suo onere, 128, 288

Retinue of diplomatic envoys, 472-475

of monarchs abroad, 430

Retorsion, 391, 396, 400

Revenue Laws, 261

Revolt as a mode of losing territory, 312

Rhine, the river, 241

Rhodian laws, 56

Ricci-Busatti, 104

Right:

of asylum, 392, 461, 462

of chapel, 467

of contiguity, 295

of legation, 440

of protection over citizens abroad, 395, 400

of pursuit on the sea, 336

Right of legation:

by whom exercised, 442

conception, 440

not possessed by a revolutionary party recognised as a belligerent Power, 442

what States possess the, 441

Rights of mankind, 35, 367, 369

Rights of Nations, Declaration of, 35, 65

Rioters, règlement of the Institute of International Law concerning Acts of, 224

Ripperda, case of the Duke of, 461

Riquelme, 97

Rivers, 239

abandoned beds of, 302

international, 240

South American, 242

utilisation of the flow of, 243

See also Navigation.

Rivier, 97, 101, 103

Roeskild, Peace Treaty of, 63

Rolin, 103

Roman Catholic Church, 8

Roman Law, 283

Romans, their rules for international relations, 50

Rome, Congress at, 613

Ross, case of Bishop, 443

Roumania:

Convention of 1877 with Russia, 597

independence of, 71;

restricted, 183

treatment of Jews in, 388

Rousseau, J. J., 113

Rousset, 102

Royal honours, States enjoying, 172

Russian Ambassador, case of, 457

Rutherford, 90

Rymer, 102

Ryswick, Peace Treaty of, 63

S

Sà, case of Don Pantaleon, 475

Saalfeld, 96

Sackville, case of Lord, 455

St. George's Channel, 266

St. Lawrence, navigation on the river, 243

St. Petersburg:

Convention of, 614

Declaration of, 70, 537, 590

Sale of State territory, 287

Salvage, 339

Samos, international position of, 144

San Domingo, 32

San Marino, international position of, 146

San Stefano, Peace Treaty of, 71, 549, 568

Sandona, 96

Sanitary Conventions, 620

Sanitary laws, 261

Sanitation, International Council of, at Bucharest, 515

Santa Lucia, case of, 313

Sarawak, 282

Sarpi, Paolo, 319

Savarkar, case of, 410

Scheldt, the river, 241

Schmalz, 95

Schmauss, 102

Schnaebélé, case of, 511

Schools of International Jurists, 82, 89

Scientific Research, Unions in the interest of, 625, 626

Scott, James Brown, 104

Scott, Sir William, 98. See also Lord Stowell.

Sea-brief, 331

Sea-letter, 331

Seal fisheries in the Behring Sea, 351, 623

Sealing Conference, pelagic, 352, 623

Secret political agents, 510

Secret protocol, 555

Secretaries of Legation, 472

Secretary for Foreign Affairs, 435

Seismologic Association, International, 625

Selden, John, 89, 318

Self-jurisdiction:

of diplomatic envoys, 468

of monarchs abroad, 429, 430

Self-preservation, 184-187

Semi-sovereign. See Half- and Part-Sovereign.

Seneca, 230, 283

Senigallia, 104

Seoul, Peace of, 75

Servia, independence of, 71

restricted, 183

Servitudes, 273-281

Servitus in faciendo consistere nequit, 279

Servitutes juris gentium naturales, 274

Servitutes juris gentium voluntariae, 274

Shenandoah, case of the, 343

Shimonoseki, Peace Treaty of, 72, 568

Ship. See Vessel.

Ship-papers, 331, 491

Shipwreck on the Open Sea, 339

Siam, international position of, 164

Slave-trade, 66, 348, 368, 588, 591, 622

Smith, F. E., 94

Solent, the, 266

Solferino, battle of, 544

Sorel, Albert, 95

Soudan, international position of, 232

Soulé, case of, 470

Sound dues, 267

Sources of International Law, 20

South African Republic, 74, 142, 181, 304, 441

her alliance with the Orange Free State, 597

Sovereignty:

conception of, 110, 112, 177

divisibility of sovereignty contested, 110

history of meaning of sovereignty, 111-115

in contradistinction to suzerainty, 141

Sovereignty of monarchs, 428

Spheres of influence, 297

Spies, 510

Spirit-trade in certain parts of Africa, 591

Spitzbergen, 232

Sponsio, 545

Springer, case of, 461

State, conception of, 108

State property. See State territory.

States:

American, 163

a product of law, 14

changes in the conditions of, 121-125

confederated, 135

dignity of, 174-177, 456

equality of, 20, 168

European, 162

extinction of, 124

Federal, 130, 136

full- and not-full Sovereign, 109

heads of. See Heads of States.

independence of, 177

intercourse of, 166, 199-201

jurisdiction of, 201-205

neutralised, 147-154

new-born, 281

non-Christian, 154, 497

order of precedence of, 172

part-Sovereign, 141

personal supremacy of, 177

personal union of, 133

possessing royal honours, 172

rank of, 171

real union of, 123, 131, 134

recognition of, 116-121

responsibility of, 206-225

self-preservation of, 184-187

suzerain, 140, 190

territorial supremacy of, 177

titles of, 173

under protectorate, 144

vassal, 140

State servitudes, 273-281

State territory:

cession of, 285

definition of, 229

different kinds of, 230

different parts of, 235

dismembered, 230

importance of, 231

inalienability of parts of, 238

integrate, 230

loss of, 311-314

modes of acquiring, 281-284

servitudes on, 273-281

States under protectorate cannot cede territory without consent of the superior State, 286

Status quo:

in the Baltic, 604

in the Mediterranean, 603

in the North Sea, 603, 604

treaties guaranteeing maintenance of, 602-604

Stettin, Bay of, 263

Stockton, Capt. C. H., 38

Stoerk, 103

Story, 137

Stowell, Lord, 98, 302

Straits, 265

of Kara, 266

of Kertch, 267

of Magellan, 267

of Yugor, 266

Strupp, 102

Stuart Pretender, the, 278

Suarez, 84

Subject of a State, his position when a diplomatic envoy of a foreign State, 450

Subjugation:

conception of, 302

consequences of, 305

in contradistinction to occupation, 303

justification of, 304

of the whole or of a part of enemy territory, 304

veto by third Powers, 307

acquisition of nationality through, 306, 377

Subsoil, territorial, 235

beneath the sea bed, 357

Substitution of one treaty for another, 571

Substitution, loss of nationality through, 378

Succession of States, 125-132

Suez Canal, 249, 514, 591

Sugar Convention, 617

Office of, 517

Sujets mixtes, 386

Sully, 58

Sully, case of, 468

Sun Yat Sen, case of, 464

Suzerainty, conception of, 141

Sweden, her sovereignty over the Baltic, 316

Sweden-Norway, Real Union dissolved, 135

Swiss Confederation reorganised, 61

Switzerland, neutralisation of, 66, 151, 588

member-States conclude treaties, 544

without a maritime flag, 327