E
Eastern countries:
Consuls in, 497
Protection of individuals in, 372, 395
Effect of treaties:
how affected by changes in government, 562
upon the parties, 561
upon the subjects of the parties, 562
upon third States, 563
Effective occupation. See Occupation.
Egypt, international position of, 142, 164, 498
international courts in, 498
possesses no right of legation, 441
Emigration, 373
loss of nationality through, 378
Emperor William Canal, 248
Enclosure, 230
Enemy goods covered by neutral flag, 588
Enquête, droit d', 336
Envoys extraordinary, 444, 445
Equilibrium, 80. See also Balance of power.
Error and delusion in parties to treaties, 547
Estate duty, 398
Étape, droit d', 278
European Concert, 170
European Danube Commission, 513
Exchange, case of the, 507
Exchange of State territory, 287
Exequatur:
requisite for consuls, 489, 493, 494, 496
revoked, 426
Exclusion of aliens in the discretion of every State, 391
Expiration, loss of nationality through, 378
Expiration of treaties:
in contradistinction to fulfilment, 570
through expiration of time, 571
through resolutive condition, 571
Explosives, discharge of from balloons prohibited, 39
Expulsion of aliens:
from Great Britain, 399
from Switzerland, 399
how effected, 402
in the discretion of every State, 400
just causes of, 400
Exterritoriality, 460
of a monarch's retinue abroad, 431
of consuls in non-Christian States, 497
of diplomatic envoys and the members of their suite, 460-469
of monarchs and the members of their suite, 430
of men-of-war in foreign waters, 506
of presidents of republics, 434
of the wife of a monarch, 430, 431
Extinction of States, 124
Extraditable crimes, 409
Extradition:
conception of, 403
condition of, 409
effectuation of, 409
municipal laws concerning, 406
no obligation to grant, 404
of deserters, 409
of political criminals, 409, 411-422
treaties of, 392
treaties stipulating, how arisen, 404
F
Family of Nations:
conditions of membership of, 31, 166
definition of, 11
position of States in the, 165
Faröe Island Fisheries, 353
Federal States, 136
as regards appointment of envoys by, 138, 441
as regards appointment of consuls by, 489
as regards conclusion of treaties by, 544
Female consuls, 488
Female diplomatic envoys, 446
Ferguson, 97
Fetiales, 51
Field, 36
Final Act of a Congress, 536
Finance Act (1894), 399
Fisheries:
around the Faröe Islands, 353
as servitudes, 278
in gulfs and bays, 265
in straits, 266
in the maritime belt, 258
in the North Sea, 316, 337, 349
in the Open Sea, 348-353
in the White Sea, 348
off the coast of Iceland, 348, 353
pearl, off Ceylon, 348
Fishery Commissions, 513
Fish in Africa, preservation of, 623
Fitzmaurice, Lord, 262
Flag:
abuse of, on the part of vessels, 336
claims of States to maritime, 326
claims of vessels to sail under a certain, 329
commercial, 327
enemy goods covered by neutral, 588
special, for bumboats, 351
Foreign Jurisdiction Act (1890), 395, 498
Foreign Offices, 435
Foreigner. See Alien.
Forerunners of Grotius, 83
Form of treaties, 550
France, as an International person, 122
Franchise de l'hôtel, 461
du quartier, 461
Franconia, case of, 29
Frankfort:
Peace Treaty of, 290, 291, 606
subjugation of, 304
Frederick III., Emperor of Germany, 316
Frederick William of Brandenburg, 464
Freedom of action necessary for consent to treaties, 547
French:
Constitution, 412
Frische Haff, 263
Fugitive Offenders Act (1881), 406
Fulfilment of treaties, 570
Funck-Brentano, 95
Fundamental rights of States, 165
G
Gabella emigrationis, 398
Gallatin, case of the coachman of Mr., 474
Gareis, 96
General Act of a Congress, 536
Geneva Convention, 70, 569, 589
Convention for its adaptation to Naval War, 594
Geneva, Lake of, 246
Genoa, her sovereignty over the Ligurian Sea, 316
Geodetic Association, International, 625
Germany, member-States of:
competent to conclude treaties, 544
recognised as independent, 61, 66
Ghillany, 102
Gibraltar, 278
Gore, American Commissioner, 513
Grand cabotage, 607
Great Powers, 3
hegemony of, 168
Greece, independence of, 68
Greeks, their rules for international relations, 49
Gregoire, Abbé, 35
Grotians, the, 92
Grotius, Hugo, 4, 59, 85-88, 283, 318, 438
Guarantee as a means of securing the performance of treaties, 567
Guarantee of government or dynasty, 191
Guarantee, treaties of, 599
collective, 601
conception of, 599
effect of, 600
pseudo-guarantees, 602-604
Guébriant, Madame de, 447
Gulfs, 262
Gulistan, Treaty of, 246
Gurney, case of, 473
Gyllenburg, case of, 459
H
Haggerty, case of, 489
Convention concerning conversion of merchant ships into war ships, 505
Convention (1882), concerning fisheries in the North Sea, 349
Convention concerning laws and usages of war, 552, 569, 586
Convention (1887), concerning Liquor Traffic on the North Sea, 351
Conventions (1907), 207, 213, 218, 538
International Court of Arbitration at the, 74, 274, 278, 518
First Peace Conference at the, 12, 37, 73, 534, 589, 591
Second Peace Conference at the, 12, 38, 77, 365, 534, 589, 592
Haiti, 32
Half-Sovereign States, 141
cannot send or receive diplomatic envoys, 441
competent to conclude treaties, 544
may be parties to international congresses, 534
Hamilton, A., 115
Hanover:
subjugation of, 304
Hanseatic League, 56
Havana, Treaty of, 181
Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, 251, 557, 559, 563, 592
Hay-Varilla Treaty, 252, 254, 564
Heads of States, 425-428
competence of, 427
honours and privileges of, 428
injurious acts of, 214
objects of Law of Nations, 427
position of, 427
predicates of, 174
privileges of, 428
recognition of new, 425
usurping, 427
Health Office, International, 518
Henry IV. of France, 58
Herring Fishery (Scotland) Act, 264
Hertslet, 103
Herzegovina, international position of, 233, 576
Hesse-Cassel, subjugation of, 304
Hinterland, 297
Holland, Professor, 85
Holldack, 104
Holy Alliance, 66, 68, 196, 413, 544, 596
Holy Roman Empire, origin of doctrine of servitudes in the, 275
cannot be party to international negotiation, 161, 441
receives ambassadors of first class, 444
Hostages as a means of securing the performance of treaties, 566
Hostilities:
convention relative to the opening of, 593
convention regarding enemy merchantmen, 593
Hovering Acts, 261
Huascar, the, 342
Hubertsburg, Peace treaty of, 64
Humanity, Unions in the interest of, 622, 623
Humbert of Italy, assassination of King, 418, 420
Hüningen, 279
Hutcheson, 90
Hydrographic investigation of the North Sea, 626
Iceland, fisheries around, 348, 353
Illegal obligations, 550
Immoral obligations, 549
Immunity of domicile, 461, 474
Independence of States:
consequences of, 178
definition of, 177
restrictions upon, 180
violations of, 179
Indian vassal States of Great Britain, 142
Indians, Red, 35
"Indigenousness," international, 367
Individuals:
never subjects of International Law, 19, 362
objects of International Law, 366
In dubio mitius, 584
Industrial property, union for protection of, 616
office of, 517
Informing gun, the, 337
Inquiry, international commissions of, 512
Institute of International Law, the, 36
règlement concerning acts of insurgents, 224
règlement concerning consuls, 494
règlement concerning men-of-war in foreign ports, 508
règlement concerning utilisation of flow of rivers, 243
rules concerning aliens, 391, 401
rules concerning double and absent nationality, 390
rules concerning extradition, 410, 417
rules concerning immunities of diplomatic envoys, 450, 457
vœux concerning emigrants, 374
Instructions of diplomatic envoys, 448
Insurgents and rioters, 223
Insurgents recognised as a belligerent Power, 107, 119
do not possess the right of legation, 442
règlement of the Institute of International Law concerning acts of, 224
send public political agents, 509
Integrate territory, 230
Intercession, 189
Intercourse of States, 199-201, 328
International bureau of the International Court of Arbitration, 516, 519
International Code of Signals, 333
International Commission concerning sugar, 515
International Commission of the Congo, 514
International Commission of the proposed Channel Tunnel, memorandum respecting, 359
International Commissions, 512
in the interest of foreign creditors, 515
of Inquiry, 512
International Council of Sanitation at Bucharest, 515
International Court of Arbitration at the Hague:
Awards of, 521
Bureau of, 519
deciding Tribunal of, 520
Permanent Council of, 518
International Court of Justice, proposed, 524
International Courts in Egypt, 498
International crimes, 209
International delinquencies, 209
International disputes, convention for the settlement of, 592
International Health Office, 518
International Jurists, schools of, 82, 89
basis of, 15
basis of international relations, 67
codification of, 35
definition of, 3
dominion of, 30
factors influencing the growth of, 24
legal force of, 4
periodicals relating to, 103, 104
relations between International Law and Municipal Law, 25
sources of, 20
States as subjects of, 19, 107
International Law Association, the, 37
International Maritime Committee, conference of (1910), 333, 339
International negotiation. See Negotiation.
International offices:
agriculture, 518
customs tariffs, 517
health, 518
industrial property, 517
maritime office at Zanzibar, 517
Pan-American Union, 517
post, 516
sugar, 517
telegraphs, 516
transports, 517
weights and measures, 516
works of literature and art, 516
International personality as a body of qualities, 166
definition of, 167
International persons, 107, 121, 125, 132, 154, 162
International Prize Court, 12, 522
convention concerning, 594
International Radiographic Convention, 236, 355
International Telegraph Union, 614
International transactions. See Transactions.
Internoscia, Jerome, 37
Internuncios, 445
Interpretatio authentica, 583
Interpretation of treaties, 582-586
Intervention, 81, 188
admissibility in default of right, 193
by right, 189
concerning a treaty concluded by other States, 568
concerning extradited criminals, 410
definition of, 188
for maintaining the balance of power, 193
in the interest of humanity, 194
on behalf of citizens abroad, 396
Ionian Islands, international position of, 146, 286
Inviolability:
of bearers of despatches, 512
of commissaries, 511
of consular buildings, 495
of consuls in non-Christian States, 497
of diplomatic envoys, 457-460
of members of international commissions, 514
of monarchs abroad, 429
of presidents of republics, 433, 434
of public political agents, 510
Irish Sea, 266
Isabella, Queen of Spain, 426, 432
Island, new-born, 301
Italy as a Great Power, 70, 171
her "Law of Guaranty" concerning the Pope, 158