Absolute reality, 23, 27

Absolutism, 97, 190;
Kant and, 99

Abstract definition, 20

Abstractions, 149-150, 174

Absurdities, 10

Achievements, 194

Action, kind of, 80

Adult life, 185, 186

America, 41

Amoeba, 91

Animals, dramatisation in primitive life of man, 4

Antiquity, 33

Apprehension, 142

Aquinas, 55, 106

Argumentation, 31, 132

Aristotle, 13, 17, 19, 55;
Bacon's charge against, 30-31, 36;
distinction in ends, 171;
experience, 79, 80;
forms, 105;
on change, 107;
on philosophy as contemplation, 109, 110;
on slavery, 191;
theory of the state, 44;
ultimate reality, 106

Art, 34, 103, 211, 212

Artisan, 15;
knowledge, 110

Associations, 205;
voluntary, 203

Astronomers, 65, 113

Astronomy, 75

Athenians, 13, 19

Augustine, St., 111

Authority, 48, 139, 195;
final, 161;
seat of, 160.
See also Final good


Bacon, Francis, 28, 81, 97;
criticism of the learning of his day, 29-30;
experience, 97-98;
"knowledge is power," 29;
summary of ideas, 29

Being, perfect, 111

Being and non-being, 107

Beliefs and facts, 12

Bentham, 166, 182, 188

Bergson, 71

Berkeley, 50

Biology, 75, 84

Bliss, 111, 112

Bosanquet, 134

Bradley, 107

Bruno, 66

Business, 41, 43, 183

Butler, Bishop, 21


Capital, 43

Capital and labour, 191

Capitalism, 41, 182

Castes, material, 59

Casuistry, 166

Causation, 63

Causes, 59, 60

Certainty, 21, 22

Change, ancient idea of, 57;
existing view, 113;
law of the universe, 61;
Plato and Aristotle on, 107;
progress and, 116

Chemistry, 75

Child life, 91-92, 184

Christian mediaeval philosophy, 17, 19

Christian theology, 111

Church, 47;
universal, 45

Classes, 75, 152, 155;
in the ancient conception of the world, 59

Classic conception of philosophy, 17, 22, 24, 74, 105

Classification, 152, 169

Common sense, 100

Communication at a distance, 118, 120

Comte, Auguste, 10

Conceptions, 81, 144, 145;
reconstruction in, moral, 161;
truth, 156

Concrete cases, in morals, 161;
in social philosophy, 188

Concreteness, 150

Condillac, 81

Conduct, 80;
right course, 163

Conflict, 108, 138, 140;
of ends, 166

Conscience, 46

Consequences, investigating, 163-164

Conservatism, 18, 33, 40, 100

Constant, 61

Contemplation, 109, 111

Contract theory of the state, 45

Control, 42, 64

Co-operation in research, 37

Cosmogonies and cosmologies, 9

Cosmology, 70, 75

Craftsmen, 12, 13

Criteria, 77

Crusades, 39

Cults, 8;
consolidation, 9

Custom, 17, 161


Dante, 55

Darwin, 75

Deduction, 148

Delusions, 139

Democracy, 47, 186, 206;
of facts, 66;
significance, 209

Demonstration, 20, 21, 31;
discovery vs., 32

Descartes, 50

Desires, 110, 111;
frustration, 104

Details, 141

Development, Aristotle's use of term, 57, 58

Diagnosis, 142

Direction, 176

Disagreeable, 103

Discipline, 103, 104, 184

Discord, 108

Discovery, contacts of 16th and 17th centuries, 39;
demonstration vs., 32;
logic of, 31, 33;
moral, 174

Distance, 118-119, 120

Doctrines, 8;
consolidation, 9

Dogma, 145, 159

Dreams, 119, 120, 139;
world of, 7

Dualism, 173

Duties and rights, 207


Earth, ancient conception, 55;
relation to universe, 66

Economic ends, 171-172

Education, 125, 183, 209

Efficient cause, 59, 60

Emotion, 103, 210

Empirical and rational, 81, 87

Empiricists, 78, 82

Ends, conflicting, 166;
fixed, 70;
intrinsic and instrumental, 170, 172-173;
means and, 72-73;
values, 175

English empiricism, 99

Environment, 10;
life and, 84

Epistemology, 49, 70, 123, 126

Errors, 35

Esthetic and practical, 66

Estheticism, 115-116, 117, 180;
science and, reconciling, 127

Ether, 55, 56

Ethical theory, 161

Europe, nationalistic movement, 201;
social cause of intellectual revolution in 16th and 17th centuries, 38-39

Evil, problem of, 177

Evolution, in Aristotle, 58;
of the state, 200-201

Existence, two realms, 22

Experience, 32;
as a guide in science and moral life, 78;
basis of old notion of, 79;
changed conceptions, 77;
classic notion and modern, 81;
combined doing and suffering, 86;
evil result of unimaginative conception of, 100-101;
Greek, 79;
modern appeal to, 48;
new conception, 83;
Plato, 92;
principles and, 48;
self-regulative, 94-95;
true "stuff" of, 91

Experimental method, 13

Experimentation, 42

Exploration, 39, 40


Facing facts, 140, 141, 143

Facts, 10, 98

Falsity, 158

Family principle, 189;
in the world at large, 61-62

Fanaticism, 168

Fancy. See Imagination

Fear, 40

Feudalism, 43, 45;
of the universe in ancient conception, 59, 61-62

Fighting, 15

Final cause, 59, 60, 68

Final good, 161-162, 183;
existence of a single good questioned, 162

Fine arts, 126

Finite, 107

Finite and infinite, 66

Fire, 11, 56, 86

Fixed ends, 165

Flux, 57, 108

Formal cause, 59, 60

Forms of Aristotle, 105

Free will, 196

Freedom, law and, 207;
religious, 46

Future, 48

Future aim of philosophy, 26


General notions, in morals, 161;
in social philosophy, 188

Generalities, 174;
social affairs and, 198

Generalisations, 10, 151

Geology, 75

German political philosophy, 200, 208-209

German rationalism,