Grindstone in rain ceremony, 305
Gul bel (Tinospora cordifolia), 94
Gun fired off to accelerate childbirth, 54
Hair, burning, 53, 115;
offered to deity, 137, 138, 140–1;
to snakes, 135;
shaving, 22, 29, 45, 309;
singeing as omen, 35;
use in magic, 220, 248, 250, 253–5;
worn as charm, 193
Hair-balls vomited by cows, 61
——-marks (suli) in horses and cattle, 61–5
Hamstringing of murderer’s corpse, 257
Hand, imprint against evil eye, 119–20
Hanged person, bark of tree as charm, 194
Hanumān, 41, 186, 194, 195, 304
Homicide, 199–236;
as thank-offering for recovery from illness, 208;
for discovering treasure, 215–21;
to appease the earth spirit, 214,
215;
to cure possession by devil, 221;
to ensure good crops, 199–207;
to get rid of concubine, 231;
to get rid of sorcerer, 232–4, 236;
to increase fertility of the soil, 208–9;
to insure cattle against disease, 209;
to propitiate village deities, 214;
to secure fœtus for sorcery, 224–30;
to stay epidemic, 235–6
Hoofs burnt in lying-in chamber, 53
Hook-swinging, omens, 71
Horn burnt during eclipse, 44;
in lying-in chamber, 53
Horse, 29, 62, 64, 82, 166, 186–7
——, images set up in fields, and at Aiyanar shrines, 166–7
House occupation, omen, 44, 59
House-building, omens, 33, 39–40, 70
Human (meriah) sacrifice, 199–206
—— sacrifice, substituted ceremony, 205–7, 212
Husband’s name, pronouncing unlucky, 20
“Iguana” (Varanus), 16, 71, 100, 132, 220
Image reflected in oil, 45,
55;
cf. 127, 248
Incense, 14, 53, 102, 118, 130, 176, 177, 194, 200, 229, 260, 261, 284, 285, 286
Infanticide, Toda, 210
Insect in death ceremony, 106
Insects as omens, 72
Iron against evil eye, 117;
at puberty, marriage, death, etc., 69, 256;
chains dedicated to deity, 153–4;
hung on trees, 156;
worn by Saniyāsi, 184;
cure for scorpion sting, 105;
hooks in back, 140;
nails in magic, 148, 222, 247–50, 253–6;
omen, 17;
swinging on, 145;
ordeal, 52, 154;
piercing body, 144
Ivory beads worn as charm, 193
Jackal, 58, 78, 191;
spurious horns, 189–91
Jagganātha temple, Puri, 142
—— season, religious ceremony, 173–4
Jak (Artocarpus integrifolia), 46, 212, 213, 229, 293
Jokumara rain-making ceremony, 306, 307
Journey, omens, 23–5
Jupiter, planet, 276
Kaikōlan, 144
Kakkalan, 129
Kāli or Durga, festival, 282
Kalla Alagar, 42
Kallan, 42, 133, 169, 244, 286
Kāpu, 53, 87–8, 118, 266, 306, 307
Karamadai festival, 147–8
Kāvadi, fish, 138; milk, 137–40
Kēvuto, 82
Khatri, 118
Kōliyan, 117
Konda Dora, 265
Kondh, 21, 56, 66, 76, 83, 86, 87, 111, 199–207, 236, 260, 305
Konga Vellāla, 52
Korama, 58
Korava or Yerukala, 14, 21, 30, 34–5, 40, 55, 68, 75, 120, 208, 282, 283
Koyi, 21, 36, 56, 79, 87, 88, 90, 175, 207, 243, 262, 264, 265, 302, 303
Kudubi, 177
Kumbāra, 26
Kunkumam (red powder), 40, 144, 166, 176, 192, 269
Kurumba, 14, 232–4, 277, 299, 300
Kusavan potter, 166–7
Kuttichāttan, 237–8
Lambādi or Brinjāri, 101, 136, 154, 155, 181, 209, 210
Lamp and wick, 18, 32, 39, 50, 97, 106, 116, 117, 118, 121, 130, 136, 143, 149, 178, 184, 209, 212, 229, 243, 244, 251, 261, 268, 270, 278, 290, 294
Leaf garments, 149–52
Leather, beating with, 146–7;
burnt in lying-in chamber, 53;
refusal to touch, 81
Leaves, devil ceremony, 246;
omen, 40
Lime fruit, 22, 39, 50, 160, 244, 245, 249, 269
Lingadar bottles evil spirits, 250
Lingam, 91, 144–5, 183, 304, 305, 308
Lizard, 48–9, 70–1, 98–9, 105, 162, 253
Looking-glass (mirror), 17, 18, 20, 293
Loris, eye used as love charm, 240
Magicians pretend to cure disease, 264–5, 267–8;
to discover treasure, 268;
to drive out devils, 268–70;
to make stone bull eat, 272
Magnesite, legend, 88
Mahseer, 101
Malai Vellāla, 83
Mammals, superstitions, 73–85
Mannarsala, snake worship, 125–6
Mantram, 37, 92, 93, 133, 135, 163, 166, 180, 181, 182, 186, 187, 213, 225, 227, 242, 244, 247, 248, 250, 258, 261, 267, 269, 270, 276, 277
Mantrasara, 180–1
Māppilla, 87, 111, 128, 129, 187, 188, 193
Markandēya, 25
Marks, unlucky, in girls, 52, 180
Marriage of bachelor after death, 51;
of boys and girls to dolls, 159;
of idol to Paraiyan, 297;
omens, 14, 43–4, 47–50, 52,
55, 58, 63, 64;
wave offerings, 117–8
Marriage pots, sacrifice to, 119
Mātangi, 27
Mēlkote temple, 297
Menstruation, 21, 26, 46,
132, 185–6.
See Puberty
Mercury cups, 196
Meriah sacrifice, 199–207
Metal bowls, blessed at Mecca, 188
Metal votive, and other offerings, 160–4
Milk, 21, 35, 79, 82, 111, 118, 121, 124, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 139, 140, 285, 287, 300, 301, 304
——, human, for scorpion sting, 105
Milk-hedge (Euphorbia Tirucalli), 105, 259
—— post, 49, 50, 256 Mimusops hexandra, milk-post, 49
Minige (Argyreia) in Badaga ceremony, 301
Mohwa or ippa (Bassia), 56, 302
Mondi mendicant, 145
Monster, birth, 53;
regarded as a devil, 230
Months, lucky and unlucky, 45, 46
Moon, 17, 22, 43, 55, 104, 105, 190, 191, 220, 229, 239, 299, 302, 306
Moon-shaped amulets, 195
Morning, omen on waking, 19
Mouse, 240
Mouth-lock, 139
Muhammadan, 29, 30, 31, 98, 119, 120, 163, 164, 170, 171, 187, 188, 195, 230, 249, 266, 269, 297
Mungoose, 98