PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY

Pronunciation of Geographical Names Occurring in this Work

• Aachen (or Aix-la-Chapelle) ah'ken
• Aalst (or Alost) alst
• Ablain ab-lan'
• Ablainzeville ab-lanz-veel'
• Abu Zenaima aboo' zay-ny'ma
• Achi Baba achee baba
• Achiet-le-Grand ashyay'-la-grong'
• Adige adee'ghay (Austrian) adee'jay (Italian)
• Aerschot ahr-scot'
• Agincourt a-zhan-koor'; Eng. aj'in-kort
• Agordo agor'doh
• Ahrweiler ar'wi-ler
• Aidin i-deen'
• Aiguizy ay-gwee-zee'
• Ailly-sur-Noye ah-yee'-sur-nwa'
• Aisle ale
• Aix ex
• Aix-la-Chapelle ex-la-shapell'
• Aix-Noulette ex-noolet'
• Akabah akah'ba
• Akhtunski Pass akhtoon'sky
• Albert al-bair'
• Aldershot awl'dershot
• Alexinatz alexee'nats
• Allenstein al'en-shtine'
• Alost alost'
• Alsace German "elsass"
• Alsatian alsay'shen
• Alt-Aux alt-owts'
• Altigny at-in-yee'
• Altkirch alt'kirk
• Ambleny om-ble-nee'
• Amiens ah'mee-en
• Ampezzo am-pet'so
• Ancerville anser'vee
• Andrechy andreshee'
• Anizy an-ea-sy'
• Annopol anno'pol
• Antheuil an-tuh'eel
• Apremont apr'mong
• Arco ar'ko
• Ardahan ardahan'
• Ardennes arden'
• Argonne argonn'
• Arleux ar-luh'
• Arlon ar-lon'
• Armentières armangtyare'
• Arras arass'
• Artois ar-twa'
• Arusha arro'sha
• Asiago azeeah'go
• Asma Dere dai'ray
• Asnieres ass-nee-air'
• Assobam assobahm'
• Atakpame a'tak-pah'may
• Ath-Waremme at-war-em'
• Attigny a-tee-nyee'
• Aube (river) ob
• Aubenton o-ban-ton'
• Aubercourt obey-coor'
• Auberive oh-breev'
• Aubers oh-bear'
• Aubigny o-be-nyee'
• Aubilly o-bee-yee'
• Auchy o-she'
• Audenarde (or Oudenarde) ou-de-nar'de
• Auerstadt our'statt
• Augustijnow avgoostee'noff
• Augustovo avgoost'ava
• Aulnoye ohl-nwa'
• Auronzo ou-ront'so
• Autrèches oh-tresh'
• Aveluy av-lwee'
• Avesnes a-vayn'
• Aviano a-vyah'no
• Avlona avlo'na
• Avre avr
• Avricourt a-vree-koor'
• Ayette ah-yet'
• Ayun Monsa a'yoon
• Azannes az-an'
• Azerbaijan azerbyjan'
• Azizi azee'zee

• Babina Glava ba'beena gla'va
• Baccarat bak-a-rah'
• Badia bah-de'a
• Badonviller bah-don-vee-yay'
• Baghche bag'cheh
• Bailleul bah-yul'
• Bailly bah-yee'
• Baku ba-koo'
• Bâle (or Basel) bahl
• Banais ba-nice'
• Bapaume ba-pom'
• Baranovitchy barano'vichy
• Baraque de l'Épine barrack del epeen'
• Barbarano bar-ba-rah'no
• Barchon Fort barshong'
• Bar-le-Duc bar'-le-dük'
• Barr bahr
• Basancourt bazancoor'
• Basel (or Bâle) bah'zel
• Basozches ba-zosh'
• Bassano bas-sah'noh
• Bassée, La la ba-say
• Bastogne bas-ton'y
• Batum batoom'
• Bavai bav-eye'
• Bazar Siak syak
• Beaumont bo-mon'
• Beauséjour boh-sezhoor'
• Beauvais bo-vay'
• Beauvraignes bo-vrain'
• Bedzin bedzeen'
• Belfort bel-for'
• Belgrade bel-grad'
• Bellewaarde Wood belleh-ar'deh
• Belloy bell-wah'
• Belluno bel-loo'no
• Berchem-Sainte-Agathe ber'shen-sant-agaht'
• Beresina berrezee'na
• Bereza beray'zah
• Bergen-op-Zoom zome
• Berjan ber-jan'
• Berlaimont ber-le-mon'
• Berry-au-Bac o-bac'
• Bertincourt ber-tan-koor'
• Bertrix ber-treece'
• Besançon be-zan-son'
• Bethany bettah'nee
• Béthune bettune'
• Beuthen boi-ten
• Beuvraignes bövrain'
• Bezzecea betsek'ka
• Biecz beeyets'
• Bielostok byai-lo'stok
• Bienvillers bee-an-veeyay'
• Biercza be-yertsa
• Bijeljina be-yel-yee'na
• Bir Mabeiuk ma-bay'yook
• Bitburg beet'boork
• Bitolia bee-tol'ya
• Bitsch bitsch
• Bixschoote bix-sko'teh
• Blamont blamong'
• Blankenberghe ber'gay
• Blaques blahk
• Blerancourt bler-an-coor'
• Bligny blin-yee'
• Blonie blo-nee'
• Bober bobr
• Boche French slang for a German "Square-head"; "Thick-head"
• Bochina bokh'nya
• Boesinghe boo-sing'er
• Bohain bo-an'
• Bois Bolante bwa bolant'
• Bois d'Ailly bwa dah'yee
• Bois de Forges forzh'
• Bois de Mont-Mare mong-mar'
• Bois-des-Loges bwah-day-lozh'
• Bois-le-Peetre pater
• Boisleux bwah-luh'
• Bolimow bolee'moff
• Bologna bolon'ya
• Boloto bolo'toh
• Bonaberi bonnabay'ree
• Bonnay bon-ay'
• Bordeaux bordoh'
• Boshdarevatz bozhdaray'vats
• Bosphorus (or Bosporus) bos'po-rus
• Bosut boss'oot
• Botoshani bo-to-shan'y
• Bouchain boo-shan'
• Boudonville boodong-vee'
• Bouillon boo-yon'
• Boulogne boo-lon'y; Eng. boo-lon'
• Bouresches boo-resh'
• Bouvines boo-veen'
• Boves bov
• Bozanne boz-an'
• Brabant-le-roi bra-ban'-le-rwah'
• Braila bra-e'la
• Braine-le-Comte bra'-le-kont'
• Braisne brain
• Bramont bramong'
• Branjevo branyay'vo
• Braunsberg brouns'berk
• Braye brah-ee'
• Bray-sur-Seine bray'-sür'-san'
• Brazincourt brazangcoor'
• Brecy bre-see'
• Breganze bray-gant'say
• Breisgau brice'gow
• Brescia bres'chiah
• Brest-Litovsk brest'-lye-tofsk'
• Breza bray'za
• Bribano bri-bah-noh
• Briey bree-ay'
• Brimont breemong'
• Brindisi brindee'zee
• Brodjanska Glavitza brudyans'ska-gla'veetsa
• Brouillet broo-yay'
• Bruges brüzh
• Brusa (or Brussa) broo'sa
• Bruyères bru-yair'
• Brzezany bzhe-zah'nee
• Brzostek bzhos'tek
• Bucquoy bu-kwah'
• Buczacz boo-sass'
• Bug (river) boog
• Bukharest (or Bucharest) boo-ka-rest'
• Bukowina booko-vee'na
• Burano boo-rah'no
• Burnhaupt boorn'howpt
• Bussières buss-yair'
• Butaniyeh bootanee'yay

• Caestre ca-est'
• Calais callay'
• Cambrai cambray'
• Cambrin com-bran'
• Camisano ka-me-zah'no
• Camp de Mailly may'yee
• Canteleux cantlö
• Cantigny kon-tee-nyee'
• Caorle ka-or'leh
• Caprino ka-pre'no
• Carency caran'see
• Carignan car-i-nyan'
• Carlepont kar-le-pohng'
• Carole ka-ro'lay
• Carvin car-van'
• Casarsa caz-ar'sah
• Castelfranco kas-tel-fran'ko
• Cateau, Le le ka-to'
• Cattaro cat'taro
• Cavalese ka-va-lay'zay
• Cavarzere ka-var'dzay-ray
• Cernavoda (or Tchernavoda) cher-na-vo'da
• Cettinje setteen'yay
• Challerange shal-e-ronzh'
• Châlons-sur-Marne sha-lon'-sur'-marn'
• Chalon-sur-Saône sha-lon'-sur'-son'
• Chambley shom-blay'
• Chambrettes shom-bret'
• Chamery sha-mer-ee'
• Champagne-Pouilleuse pooee-yös'
• Champigny shan-pee-nyee'
• Champlat-Bligny shon-pla-blinyee'
• Chantilly shon-tee-yee'
• Chapelle St. Roch shapell' St. Rosh
• Charleroi sharl-rwa'
• Charleville sharl-veell
• Charmel shar-mel'
• Châteauroux sha-to-roo'
• Château-Thierry shatto'tee-err'y
• Châtel sha-tel'
• Châtelet shatlay'
• Chatillon-sur-Marne sha-te-yon'-sur'-marn'
• Chaudfontaine sho-fonten'
• Chaulnes shown
• Chaumont sho-mon'
• Chauny sho-nee
• Chemin-des-Dames shman-day-dam'
• Cherbourg sher-boor'
• Chevrincourt shev-ran-coor'
• Chezy-sur-Marne che-zee-sur-marn'
• Chimay shee-may'
• Chiny she-nee'
• Chioggia kyod'ja
• Chipres sheepr
• Chocimierz khotsimyerts
• Chodorow khodo'roff
• Cholm kholm
• Choruk kho'rook
• Chotin khotin
• Chyrow khee'rov
• Cierges see-erzh'
• Ciezkovice-Walastow ches'kovitz-valas'tov
• Cilicia selish'ya
• Ciney see-nay'
• Cirey see-ray'
• Cittadella cheet-ta-del'la
• Cittanuova chit-ta-nu-oh'va
• Cividale chivvy-dah'ler
• Civy-Salsogne see-vee-sal-sun'ye
• Clary kla-ree'
• Clermont clare-mohng'
• Coblenz ko'blents
• Codroipo ko-dro'ee-po
• Coeuvre cuv
• Col de Bonhomme bonnom'
• Cologne ko-lohn'
• Combles kon'bl
• Combres com'ber
• Comines commeen'
• Commercy ko-mer-see'
• Compiègne comp-yen'
• Condé kon-day'
• Conegliano ko-nal-yah'no
• Conflans kon-flan'
• Conselve kon-sel'vay
• Constanta (or Kustendje) kon-stan'tsa
• Corbie cor-bee'
• Cortina kor-tee'na
• Coucy koo-see'
• Coucy-le-Château coossee'le-shatto'
• Coulommiers coolomeer'
• Coulonges coo-lonzh'
• Courcelles koor-sell'
• Courmont coor-mong'
• Courpoil coor-pwol'
• Courrières coo-ree-air'
• Courtrai coortray'
• Couvrelles coovrell'
• Cracow (or Krakow) krah'ko
• Crajova (or Craiova) kra-yo'va
• Craonne kra-on'
• Crécy (or Cressy) kray-se'; Eng. kres'i
• Crécy-sur-Serre kray-se'-sur'-sair'
• Creil cray-eel'
• Crepy cre-pee'
• Crimea kri-me'a
• Crise kreez
• Croiselles crwah-sell'
• Croix Ricard krwah-rik-ahr'
• Ctesiphon tay'zee-fon
• Cuinchy canshee
• Cutry ku-tree'
• Cuvilly cu-vee-yee'
• Cuxhaven cooks-hah'fen
• Czarkowa tsar'kova
• Czenstochowa chen-sto-ko'va
• Czernovicz tser'novits

• Dammartin dan-mar-tan'
• Damvillers dan-vee-yay'
• Daniele da-nyay'lay
• Dannemarie dan-mah-ree'
• Danzig (or Dantzic) dan'tsik
• Dardanelles dar-da-nelz'
• Daume dome
• Debreczen debrets'en
• Dedeagatch day-day-ah-gatch'
• Delatyn (pass) de-lah'tin
• Dembica dembits'a
• Demir Kapu cap'poo
• Denain de-nan'
• Dendermonde (or Termonde) den-der-mon'de
• Diarbekr (or Diarbekir) de-ar-bek'r
• Diedenhofen (or Thionville) de'-den-hof-en
• Dieppe dee-ep'
• Dieuze dee-uhz'
• Dijon dee-zhon'
• Dinant deenang'
• Dixmude dixmoo'deh
• Djakova jak'ova
• Djamschato jamshah'toh
• Dnieper (river) ne'per
• Dniester (river) nees'ter
• Dommary Barancourt barancoor'
• Dommiers dom-ee-ay'
• Dompaire don-pair'
• Domremy dong-ray-mee'
• Donaueschingen doh'now-esh'ingen
• Dormans dor-mongse'
• Douai doo-ay
• Douaumont do-oh-mohng'
• Doullens doo-lan'
• Dravigny dra-vi-nyee'
• Driegrachten dree'grakhten
• Drina River dree'na
• Drocourt dro-coor'
• Droghitchin dro-ghit'chin
• Drohobycz dro-ho'bich
• Dubiecko doo-be-ets'ko
• Dubno doob'no
• Dubovitza doo-bo-veet'sa
• Dubowoje doobovo'yay
• Duffel düf-fell
• Dukla Pass dook'la
• Dulcigno dool-cheen'yo
• Dunajec River doo'nayets
• Dunquerque dun-kerke'
• Dun-sur-meuse dun'-sür'-muhz'
• Durazzo doorat'so

• Ecaffaut ekaffo'
• Ecurie ay-curee'
• Eecloo ay-klo'
• Eghezee eggay-zay'
• Elabe ellah'bay
• Epagny ay-pa-nyee'
• Epehy ep-hee'
• Epernay a-per-nay'
• Epieds e-pyay'
• Epinal epee-nahl'
• Epine de Vedegrange epeen'de-vaid-grahnj'
• Epirus e-pi'rus
• Eregli er-e-gle'
• Erivan eri-vahn'
• Ermenonville veel'
• Erzerum erts-room'
• Erzingan er-zin-gan'
• Estaires es-tair'
• Esti es'tee
• Estrées St. Denis esstray-san-denee'
• Etain a-tan'
• Etampes ai-tonp'
• Etchmiadzin etch-mya-zeen'
• Euphrates (river) u-fra'teez
• Evegnee Fort ev-en-yea'
• Eydtkuhnen eit-koo'nen
• Eylau eye-low

• Faverolles fav-rull'
• Feltre fell'treh
• Fère Champenoise fair shamp-nwahz'
• Fère-en-Tardenois fair'-an'-tard-nwah'
• Fère, La la fair'
• Ferfay fer-fahee'
• Ferme-des-Loges ferm-day-luzh'
• Ferté-Gaucher, La la fer-tay'-go-shay'
• Ferté-sous-Jouarre, La la fer-tay'-soo'-zhoo-ar'
• Festubert fest-u-bair'
• Filipkowu ko'voo
• Fisme feem
• Fiume fee-oo'meh
• Flanders flan'ders
• Fleurbaix flörbay'
• Fleury flur-ee'
• Flirey flir-ee'
• Fontainebleau fone-tan-blow'
• Fontenoy fone-te-nwah'
• Fonzaso fon-tsah'zo
• Forest of Compiègne compe-eñ'
• Fort Belfort beh-for'
• Fort Besançon bay-zang-sson
• Fort Breedonck bray-donk'
• Fort Broeckem broo'kem
• Fort of Boncelles bong-sell'
• Fort Carnot carno'
• Fort Douaumont doo-omong
• Fort Emines emmeen'
• Fort of Loncin long-san'
• Fort Maizeret maze-ray
• Fortress Osowic vits
• Fort Stabroek stabrook
• Fort Yeni Kale kah'ler
• Fort Zwyndreeht zwine'drekt
• Foucaucourt foo-koh-coor'
• Fouquescourt fook-es-coor'
• Fourmies foor-mee'
• Framerville fram-ay-veel'
• Franvilliers fran-vee-yay'
• Fresnes frane
• Fresnes-en-Woëvre fren'-an'-vo-ev'r
• Fresnoy fren-wah'
• Fromentieres fro-mong-teeair'
• Fruges früzh
• Fumes fürns

• Gaba Tepe teh-peh
• Galatz ga'lats
• Galicia galish'yeh
• Gallipoli gallip'poli
• Garbunovka garboonof'ka
• Gargnano gar-nyah'no
• Gebweiler geb'wi-ler
• Gembloux zhom-bloo'
• Gemona ja-mo'na
• Genappe zhe-nap'
• Gerardmer zhair-ar-mare'
• Gerbeviller zhair-bay-vee-yay'
• Gerechamp ger-shong' (G hard)
• Gimors zhee-morse'
• Gironville zhee-ron-veel'
• Givenchy zhivon-shee
• Givet zhe-vay'
• Gleiwitz gley'vits
• Gnesen g'nay'zen
• Gorizia, Italian; Austrian, Görz, or Göritz
• Gorlice Gorleet'sa
• Gouzeaucourt goo-zo-coor' (G hard)
• Grabiowiec grabyo'vyets
• Gradisca gra-dees'ka
• Grado grah'do
• Grafenstafel grah'fens-tah'fel
• Gravelotte grahv'lot
• Gricourt gri-coor' (G hard)
• Grivillers gri-veeyay'
• Grootfontein grote'fontane
• Grybow gree-boff'
• Guillaucourt gee-oh-coor' (G hard)
• Guiscard gees-kar'
• Guise gheeze
• Gumbinnen goom-bin'en

• Haelen hah'len
• Haftdewan dewan'
• Hailles ah-yeel'
• Haisnes aynes
• Hal hal
• Halicz ha'litch
• Hamel am-el'
• Hangard ang-aar'
• Harbonnieres ar-bon-yair'
• Hartennes ar-ten'
• Hartmannsweilerkopf vilerkopf
• Hasselt has'selt
• Hautebraye oat-brah-yee'
• Haute Chevauches ote-shevoshe'
• Hautmont o-mon'
• Hazebrouck has-brook'
• Hebuterne ebu-tern'
• Heldhoek helt'hook
• Helgoland (or Heligoland) hel'go-lant
• Hericourt ayr-i-coor'
• Herzegovina vee'na
• Hesdin hes-deen'
• Hinges anzh
• Hirson eer-son'
• Horodenka ho-ro-den'ka
• Houdain oo-dan'
• Hulluch hoollookh
• Huy hoi

• Inovolodz eenov'olodge
• Isonzo eez-on'zoh
• Issy les Molineaux issee-lay-mo-leeno'
• Ivangorod eevango'rod

• Jamboli (or Yamboli) yam'bo-le
• Jaroslav (or Jaroslau) ya-ros'laf
• Jasiolda River yashold'a
• Jassy (or Yassy) yas'e
• Jaulgonne zhohl-gun'
• Jazarzew ya'zar-zef
• Jena yay'na
• Jonchery zhon-she-ree'
• Juniville zhü-ne-veel'

• Kaisarieh (or Kaisariyeh) ki-sa-re'ye
• Kaiserslautern key'sers-low-tern
• Kalisz kalish
• Kaluszin ka-loosh'in
• Karun River karoon'
• Katchanik katcha'nick
• Keetmanshoop kate-mans-hope
• kekkau kek-cow
• keltsy (or Kielce) kyel'tsi
• Kholm kolm
• Khorassan san'
• Khotin ko'tyen
• Kiao-Chau kee-ah-o-chow'
• Kief (or Kiev) kee'yef
• Kielce Hills kyel'tse
• Kishinef (or Kishinev) ke-she-nyef'
• Kniashevatz knya-zhevatz
• Kolomea ko-lo-may'a
• Königsberg köniks-berk
• Koprikeui koy
• Korelitchy korell'itchy
• Kovel ko'vel-y
• Koziany kotsee-ah'ny
• Koziowa kotsee-o'va
• Kragujevatz goo'ye-vats
• Krakow (or Cracow) krah'ko
• Kremenchug (or Krementchug) krem'en-chook
• Kremnitz krem'nits
• Kreuznach kroits'nahk
• Kuczurmik koot'soormik
• Kum Kale koom-kah'leh
• Kuprikeui see Koprikeui
• Kur or Kura (river) koor; koo'ra
• Kurische Haff koo'risheh
• Kurschany koorsha'nee
• Kurumum kooromoon
• Kustendje (or Constanta) kus-ten'je

• La Bassée bassay'
• La Cour de Soupir coor-de-soopee'
• La Fère fair
• La Fère-Champenoise la fair'-shan-pe-nwahz'
• Le Ferté Gaucher go-shay'
• La Ferté Milon la fert-meelohng'
• La Ferté-sous-Jouarre la fer-tay'-soo'-zhoo'-ar'
• La Fontaine-aux-Charmes fonten-o-sharm
• Lagny lan-yee'
• Landrecies lan-dres-see'
• Langres lan'gr
• Languion lan-ge-on'
• Laon laun
• Lassigny lass-in-yee'
• Latisana la-te-sah'na
• Laventie la-vong-tee'
• Laversine la-ver-seen'
• Le Cateau catto'
• Le Catelet le cat-lay'
• Le Châtelet luh-shat-lay'
• Le Chesne luh-shane'
• Le Mesnil mez-neel'
• Le Nouvion luh-noo-veeohng'
• Le Ployron le-plwah-rohng'
• Le Quesnoy le ka-nwah'
• Le Thillot le-tee-yoh'
• Le Thiolet le-tee-olay'
• Legnago la-nyah'go
• Lemberg (or Lwów) lem'berk
• Lendmara lend-mah'ra
• Lens lans
• Les Esparges lays es-parzh'
• Leuze lez
• Levico la'vee-ko
• Liancourt le-an-koor'
• Liart lee-ahr'
• Libau lee'bou
• Liège lee-ezh'
• Lierre le-air'
• Ligny len-yee'
• Ligny-en-Barrois len-yee'-an'-ba-rwah'
• Lille (or Lisle) leel
• Livenza (river) le-vent'sah
• Locon lo-kohng'
• Locre loke'
• Lodz (or Lódz) lodz; looj
• Lomza lom'zha
• Longarone lon-gah-ro'nay
• Longwy lon-vee'
• Loos lohs
• Lorraine (or Lothringen) lo-rain'
• Losnitza lozh-nee'tsa
• Lothringen (or Lorraine) lot'ring-en
• Lötzen löt'sen
• Louvain loovang'
• Lublin (or Lyublin) lyoo'blyen
• Ludihorecza loodihor'etcha
• Lunéville lü-nay-veel'
• Lutzy (or Lutsk) lootsk
• Luxemburg loox'em-boork
• Lwów (or Lemberg) lvoof
• Lys (river) lees

• Maastricht mahs'strickt
• Magyars mad'yars
• Mährisch-Ostrau may'rish-os'trou
• Main de Massiges man-duh-masseezh'
• Mainz (or Mayence) meynts
• Maisons-Alfort ma-zon'-zal-for'
• Maizieres may-zeeair'
• Malamocco ma-la-mok'ko
• Malines maleen'
• Malmedy mal-muh-dee'
• Mannheim man'hime
• Mantua man'tu-a
• Marche marsh
• Marcoing mar-kwan'
• Marienburg ma-re'en-boork
• Marqueglise mark-ai-gleese'
• Marquivillers mar-key-vee-yay'
• Marseilles mar-say-yee'
• Massevaux mas-vo'
• Massiges masseezh'
• Massil mass-eel'
• Matigny ma-tin-yee'
• Maubeuge ma-bözh'
• Maupertuis mo-per-twee'
• Mayence (or Mainz) ma-yans'
• Meaux mo
• Meduno med-u'no
• Melicocq mel-ee-cuk'
• Melincourt melan-coor'
• Memel may'mell
• Mendawi men-da'wee
• Menin muh-nan'
• Merville mer-veel'
• Messancy me-san-see'
• Messines messeen'
• Mestre mes'tray
• Meuniere men-ee-air'
• Meurthe mört
• Meuse Valley möz'
• Mézières mez-yare'
• Mezo-Laborcz laborts'
• Mezzo-Lombardo met'so-lom-bar'do
• Miedzyrzets mezheretch'ye
• Miraumont meeromong'
• Mirecourt meer-koor'
• Mitau (Russ.) meeta'va
• Mitrovicza (or Mitrovitz) me-tro-vet'sa
• Mlawa mla'va
• Mocziska mot-chees'ka
• Moggio mod'jo
• Mohileff mo-ghee-leff
• Mojkovac mozh'kovats
• Moldava (river) mol-dah'va
• Molsheim mols'hime
• Monastir mon-as-teer'
• Monastryzek monastree'zhek
• Monfalcone mon-fal-co'neh
• Mons mons
• Montagnana mon-ta-nyah'nah
• Montcornet mohng-cor-nay'
• Montcourt mohng-coor'
• Montdidier mon-dee-dyay'
• Montebelluna mon-teh-bell-u'na
• Montfaucon mon-fo-kong'
• Monthureux mon-tü-ruh'
• Montmédy mon-may-dee'
• Montmirail mongmee-rye'
• Montreuil mon-truhy'
• Morbecque mor-bek'
• Moreuil mo-ruh'y
• Morisel mor-ee-sel'
• Morlancourt mor-lan-coor'
• Moronvillers morongveeyay'
• Moselle mo-zell'
• Mount Croce cro'cheh
• Mt. Lovcen lof'chen
• Mount Turchenkeui koy'
• Mount Viatrovka vyatrof'ka
• Mourmelon moor-melohng'
• Mouvaux moo-vo'
• Mouzon moo-zohng'
• Moyenmoutier mwa-yan-moo-tyay'
• Muchavka moc-chaf-ka
• Muizon mwi-zohng'
• Mulchy mul-shee'
• Mülhausen mül-hou'zen
• Mulhouse mül-hooz'
• Munkacs moon-katsh'
• Münster mün'ster
• Mush moosh

• Nagy Polena nady
• Nakhitchevan na-ke-che-van'
• Nampoel nam-poh-el'
• Namur nammür'
• Nancois nong-swa'
• Nancy nan-see'; Eng. nan'si
• Narew or Narev (river) nah'ref
• Nesle nail
• Neufchâteau nuh-sha-to'
• Neuilly-sur-Marne nu-ye'-sur'-marn'
• Neu Sandek noi-zan'dek
• Neutitschein noi'tit-shin
• Neuve Chapelle nuv-sha-pel'
• Nida River nee'da
• Niemen River nee'men
• Nieuport neev'port
• Nikolaief nyee-ko-lah'yef
• Nîmes (or Nismes) neem
• Nivelles nee-vell'
• Nizankowice nee-zan'ko-vits
• Nogen no-zhan'
• Nomeny no-me-nee'
• Norrent-Fontes nor-rong-fohnt'
• Nouvron noo-vrong'
• Novogeorgievsk no-vo-ge-or'ge-yefsk
• Novo Radowsk ra'dofsk
• Novy-Sacz satch
• Noyon nwa-yong'

• Oderzo o-dert'so
• Oikovice o-ee-ko'vits
• Oise wahz'
• Old Zuczka Tsootch'ka
• Olizy ul-ee-zee'
• Olmütz ol'mütz
• Opoczno opoch'no
• Orchies or-shee'
• Orsova or'shova
• Ostiglia os-teel'ya
• Ostrog os-trok'
• Ostrow os'trof
• Oudenarde ou-de-nar'deh
• Oulchy ool-shee'
• Ourcq oork'
• Ourthe oort'

• Padua pad'u-a
• Pagny pan-yee'
• Pagny-sur-Meuse pan-yee'-sür-muhz
• Paliseul pal-ee-sull'
• Palmanova pal-ma-no'va
• Pancsova pantch'ova
• Parenzo pa-renz'oh
• Pas de Calais pa-de-callay'
• Passchendaele pass'ken-dah-lay
• Pellestrina pel-les-tree'na
• Perarolo pay-rah-roh'lo
• Péronne pay-ron'
• Pervyse per-vie'zeh
• Peschiera pa-sky-ay'ra
• Petrokov (or Piotrków) pye-tro-kof'
• Philippeville fe-lep-veel
• Piacenza pya-chent'sa
• Piave (river) pyah'va
• Picardy pee-car-dee'
• Pierrefitte pyair-feet'
• Pierrefonds pyair-fon'
• Pierrepont peeair-pohng'
• Pietro pye'tro
• Pieve di Cadore pyeh'vay do kah-do'ray
• Pilaskowice pilasko'vits
• Pilisca pee-leets'a
• Pilwiszki pill-vish'ki
• Pinczow pinchoff
• Pion pee-ohng'
• Piotrkow pyotter-koff
• Piove pyo'vay
• Pirano peer-ah'noh
• Ploegsteert ploog'stairt
• Podgorze pod-goo'zheh
• Poelcapelle pool-capel'leh
• Poissy pwa-see'
• Poitiers pwa-tyay'
• Poix pwah
• Pomme-Py pom-pee'
• Pont-à-Mousson pon'-ta'-moo-son'
• Pont Arcy pohng-ar-see'
• Pontebba pon-teb'ba
• Pontoise pon-twahz'
• Pont Ste. Maxence pon' sant'-ma-sans'
• Pordenone por-da-no'nay
• Portogruaro por'to-groo-ah'ro
• Pouillon pooee-yong'
• Pozieres poz-eeair'
• Pozzachio pod-zak'kio
• Prague prahg'
• Predazzo pra-dat'so
• Primolano pree-mo-lah'no
• Pripet pree'pet
• Prisrend pree'zrent
• Proszowicz prosh-o'vitz
• Provins pro-van'
• Proyart prwah-yar'
• Pruszkow proosh'koff
• Pruth (river) proot
• Przasnysz pshas'nish
• Przeczyca pzhe-sheet'sa
• Przemysl pzhay'misl
• Puisieux pwis-yuh'
• Pultusk pool'toosk
• Pusterthal Railway poos'ter-tahl

• Quatre-Bras ka-tr'-brah'
• Quennevières ken-vyare'
• Quesnoy, Le le kay-nwah'
• Quinchy kanshee'

• Radom rah'dom
• Radzivilov rad-zee'vee-lof'
• Rajac rah'yats
• Ramillies ra-me-yee'
• Ramscappelle rams-ca-pel'leh
• Raon-l'Étape ran'la-tap'
• Rastenburg ras'ten-boork
• Raucourt ro-koor'
• Rawa ra'va
• Rawa-Ruska ra'va-roos'ka
• Reillon ray-eeyong'
• Remiremont ruh-meer-mon'
• Ressons-sur-Matz ressohng'-sur-mats
• Rethel re-tel'
• Rheims ranz'
• Ribecourt reeb-koor'
• Ribemont reeb-mon'
• Riga ree'ga
• Rochefort rosh-for'
• Roclincourt roclan-coor'
• Rocroy ro-krwah'
• Roermond roor'mohnt
• Roisel rwah-zel'
• Roisières rwaz-eeair'
• Romilly ro-mi-yee'
• Roubaix roo-bay'
• Rouen roo-ong'
• Rougemont roozh-mohng'
• Roulens roo-longse'
• Roulers roo-lay'
• Roverbella ro-ver-bel'la
• Roveredo ro-va-ray'do
• Rovigo ro-vee'go
• Roye Rwah'
• Rozoy-sur-Serre ro-zwa'-sür'-sair'
• Rue d'Ouvert doovair'
• Rue du Marais marray'
• Rzezow zheshoff

• Saar (river) zar
• Saar-Albe sar-al'beh
• Saarbrücken zar-brük'en
• Sacile sa-chee'lay
• Sadowa-Wisznia sado'va-vish'nya
• Saghandere sa-gan-day'reh
• Sailly sah-yee'
• Saint-Amand san-ta-man'
• Saint-Denis san'-de-nee'
• Saint Dié san-dee-eh'
• Saint-Hilaire santil-lair'
• Saint Hubert san-tü-bair'
• Saint-Omer san-to-mair'
• Saint-Quentin san'-kan-tan'
• Saint-Souplet soo-play'
• Saint-Trond san'-tron'
• St. Dizier san dee-zee-ay'
• St. Eloi ell-wa'
• St. Goar san go-ar'
• St. Gobain san-go-ban'
• St. Just-en-Chaussee san-zhost-en-shossay'
• St. Laurent san-lorong'
• St. Maur san more'
• St. Menehould main-ool'
• St. Mihiel mee-yel'
• St. Pol san-pul
• St. Simon san-see-mohng'
• St. Stefano san-stef-ah'no
• St. Valery san val-er-ee'
• St. Venant san-venong'
• St. Vito san-vee'to
• St. Wendel san ven'del
• S. Bonifacio san-bonif-a'chio
• S. Giorgio san geor'gio
• S. Martino san-mar-tee'no
• Salins sal-an'
• Salò sa-lo'
• Saloniki sa-lo-ni'ki
• Salvore sall-vo'reh
• Sambre (river) san'br
• Santa Maria san'ta ma-ree'ah
• Sarajevo sarra-yay'vo
• Sarrebourg sarr-boorg'
• Sarreguemines sar'-guh-meen'
• Save River sah-veh
• Saverne sa-vern'
• Savieres sah-vee-yair'
• Scheldt skelt
• Schio skee'o
• Schirmeck sher'meck
• Schlettstadt shet'staht
• Schoorbakke shore-bak'keh
• Scutari (or Skutari) skoo'ta-re
• Sedan se-dan'
• Seicheprey saish-pray'
• Senlis sen-lee'
• Seres ser'es
• Sereth (river) say-ret'
• Sergy ser-zhee'
• Seringes ser-anzh'
• Sézanne sa-zan'
• Siedlce (or Syedlets) shel'tse
• Siegen zee'gen
• Signy l'Abbaye seen-ye' la-bay'
• Sinob (or Sinope) se-nob'
• Sinope (or Sinob) si-no'pe
• Sivas see-vas'
• Skierniewice skyer'nee-vits
• Skoplje (or Usküp) skop'lye
• Sofia (or Sophia) so'fee-a; so-fee'a
• Soissons swa-son'
• Sokolof (or Sokolow) so'ko-lof'
• Soldau zol'dow
• Solesmes so-laim'
• Somme (river, department) som
• Souain soon-ang'
• Souchez soo-shay'
• Steenwoorde steen'wurde
• Stettin shte-teen'
• Stralsund shtrahl'zoont
• Strassburg stras'boork
• Stryj stree
• Strypa stree'pa
• Suippes sweep
• Suwalki Province soo'valkee
• Swinemünde svee-ne-mün'de
• Syedlets (or Siedlce) syed'lyets
• Szaki shak'ee
• Szcezerzyny shtchet'ser-tseenee

• Tabriz ta-breez'
• Tagliamento tal-ya-men'toh
• Tarcento tar-chen'to
• Tarnopol tar-no'pol-y
• Tarnoviec tar-no-viets
• Tarnow tar'noof
• Tchernavoda (or Cernavoda) cher-na-vo'da
• Telepovce telepoft'seh
• Tepe teh'peh
• Termonde (or Dendermonde) ter-mond'
• Thann tann'
• Thiaucourt tee-o-coor'
• Thielt teelt
• Thiene tye'nay
• Thionville (or Diedenhofen) tyon-veel'
• Thuin tu-an'
• Tilicz Pass tillish
• Tilloy til-wah'
• Tintigny tan-tin-yee'
• Tirlemont teer-le-mohng'
• Tolmezzo tol-met'so
• Tomaszow toh-mash'off
• Tongres ton'gr
• Toul tool
• Tourcoing toor-kwang'
• Tournai toor-nay
• Tracy trah-see'
• Tregnano tray-nyah'no
• Trélon tray-lon'
• Tresnes tren
• Treviso tray-vee'zo
• Trier: German for Trèves
• Trieste (or Triest) tree-est'
• Trou Bricot troo-briko'
• Troyes troo-wah'

• Udine oo'dee-na
• Umago oom-ah'go
• Urmiah (or Urmia, Urumiah) oor-mee'a
• Usküb (or Usküb, Skoplje) üs-küp'
• Ustanov oos-ta'noff
• Uzsok ootsok

• Valenciennes va-lan-syen'
• Valjevo (or Valyevo) val'yay-vo
• Varennes va-renn
• Vauclerc vo-clair'
• Vaudelicourt vode-li-coor'
• Vauquois voh-kwa'
• Vaux vo
• Veldhoek felt'hook
• Venezia (or Venice) vay-net'sya
• Venice (or Venezia) ven'is
• Venzone ven-zoh'neh
• Verdun ver-dun'
• Vereczke veresh'keh
• Verlorenhoek ferlo'ren-hook
• Verona ve-ro'na; It. vay-ro'na
• Versailles ver-sah'y; Eng. ver-sailz'
• Verviers ver-vi-ay'
• Vervins ver-van'
• Vicenza vee-chent'sa
• Vieux Berquin vyu-ber-kan'
• Villafranca veel-la-fran'ka
• Ville-en-Tardenois veel-an-tar-duh-nwah'
• Ville-en-tourbe veel-ong-toorb'
• Villeneuve veel-nuv'
• Villers-Bretonneux veeyay-bre-ton-nuh'
• Villers-Cotterets veeyay'-cutray'
• Villers-la-Ville ve-lair'-la'-veel'
• Vimy vee-mee'
• Vincelles van-sell'
• Violaine vee-olain'
• Visé ve-zay'
• Visnyvtszyk vis-nift-sheek
• Vistula (or Weichsel) vis'tu-la
• Vitry-en-Artois vee-tree'-an'-ar-twah'
• Vitry-le-François vee-tree'-le-fran-swah'
• Vittorio vit-ohr'yoh
• Vlamertinghe fla'mer-tin-gay
• Volga vol'ga; Russ. vol'ga
• Volhynia vol-in'i-a
• Volovco volof'tso
• Volta vol'ta
• Voormezeele vor-mez-eele'
• Vosges vohzh'
• Vouziers vooz-yea
• Vysztyt Lake vishtit

• Waerloos var'lohs
• Warta (or Warthe) var'te
• Wassigny va-se-nye'
• Wavre vav'r
• Weichsel (or Vistula) vike'sel
• Weissenburg weis'en-boork
• Wieliczka vee'lish-ka
• Windhoek vind'hook
• Woevre wo-ayvr'
• Wola-Szydlowieca vola-sheed-lo-veets'a
• Würzburg würts-boork
• Wyszkow Pass vish'koff
• Wytschaete vite-shah'teh

• Yassy (or Jassy) yas'e
• Ypres eep'r
• Yser ee'zer
• Yvoire e-vwar'

• Zabern tsah'bern
• Zaleszczyki za-lesh-chik'ee
• Zamosk (or Zamosc) za'moshch
• Zamszysko zam'shees-ko
• Zandvoord zant'fort
• Zeebrugge zay'broog-geh
• Zell zell
• Zittau tsit'ou
• Zloczow zlo'choof
• Zweibrücken zwi'brück-en

INDEX

• Administration, criticisms of, 118
• Aerial warfare, 260-268
• Air, mastery of, by Allies, 312
• Aisne, American troops along, 365
• Aisne area, German wedge in, 312
• Aisne, French attack north of, 47
• Aisne, French offensive of October, 1917, 48
• Allied counteroffensive, beginning of, 328
• Allied opinion of American troops, 393
• Allied Powers' attitude toward Pope's proposals, 99
• Allied prisoners in May offensive, 310
• Allied War Conference, results of, 80
• Alsace, French operations in, 56
• Alsace, operations in January, 1918, 74
• America at Allied War Conference, 77
• American army, scope of operations, 81
• American artillery near Rheims, 364
• American coast, German submarines along, 464
• American cooperation with Australians, 399
• American cooperation with French, 405
• American declaration of war with Austria-Hungary, 105
• American engineers at Chauny, 368
• American engineers, deeds of, at Cambrai, 94
• American expeditionary force in France, 83
• American fishing schooners, sinking of, by submarines, 467
• American force in the great offensive, 377
• American forces in France, 351
• American forces on Murman coast, 441
• American front, extent of, 373
• American front, winter conditions on, 96
• American Independence Day, celebration of, by Allies, 321
• American losses on sea, 463
• American participation in Siberia, 449
• American prisoners first taken by Germans, 88
• American reenforcement of Allies, 371
• American soldiers first killed in battle, 91
• American successes at Jaulgonne, 327
• American successes at Seicheprey, 360
• American successes at Xivray, 364
• American successes west of Soissons, 329
• American troops, Allied opinion of, 393
• American troops, first engagement of, 86
• American troops in Italy, 346
• American troops, training of, in France, 84, 85
• American troops, urgent need of, 82
• Amiens, April offensive against, 289
• Amiens, German threats against, 274
• Amiens-Paris railway, German efforts to capture, 289
• Anglo-French forces in Italy, 207
• Ansonia, British transport, sinking of, 464
• Arabia, campaigns in, 238-240
• Arras, operations around, in March, 1918, 281
• Artillery, American, work of, at Belleau Wood, 390
• Asiago sector, operations in, 213
• Australians at Polygon Wood, 40
• Australians, defeat Germans at Morlancourt, 304-306
• Australians in Flanders, 36
• Australian troops, successes of, 320
• Austria-Hungary, American declaration of war with, 105
• Austrian attitude toward peace, 110
• Austrian defense of Russian invasion, 340
• Austrian prisoners taken by Italians, 189
• Austrian reply to Pope Benedict, 101
• Austrian retreat in Italy, 458
• Austro-German offensive in Italy, 200-213
• Aviators, American, training of, 120
• Aviators, French and British, work of, around Lens, 21

• Bagdad, operations around, 242
• Bailleul, capture of, by Germans, 295
• Baker, Secretary, criticism of, 114
• Baker, Secretary, statement of performances by, 115
• Bapaume, German attacks against, in March, 1918, 280
• Bavarian troops, capture of British trenches by, 73
• Belgium, British air raids in, 75
• Belleau Wood, American marines in, 381, 384
• Belleau Wood, description of fighting in, 388
• Belleau Wood, German assaults against, 387
• Below, General Fritz von, attacks Rheims salient, 317, 379
• Below, General Otto von, commanding German seventh army, 273
• Bessarabia, annexation to Rumania, 438
• Böhm, General, facing French third army, 274
• Boehm, General von, commanding German troops on the Marne, 327
• Bolsheviki, emergence of, 135
• Bolsheviki leaders, characteristics of, 147-153
• Bolsheviki negotiations with Germany, 155
• Bolsheviki propaganda, attempt to spread, 417
• Bolshevist revolution, 142
• Bombing raids in Germany, 477
• Bouresches, capture of, by American marines, 384
• Bouresches, German attempts to retake, 391
• Bourlon Wood, British withdrawal from, 67
• Bourlon Wood, fighting in, 62
• Brest-Litovsk conference, renewal of, 418
• Brest-Litovsk negotiations, result of, 420
• Brest-Litovsk, peace negotiations at, 163
• Brilliant, sunk to block the harbor of Zeebrugge, 470
• British assault at Ypres in October, 43
• British center, withdrawal of, 293
• British counterattacks at Merville, 318
• British operation in Flanders in 1917, 30
• British successes between Ancre and Somme Rivers, 304
• Bullecourt, German operations around, 72
• Byng, General Sir Julian, commanding British third army, 273

• Cadorna, General, preparations of, 201
• Cadorna, General, superseded by Diaz, 209
• Cambrai area, German gains in, 66
• Cambrai, deeds of American engineers at, 94
• Cambrai, fighting around, in March, 1918, 276
• Cambrai, operations around, 60
• Cambrai salient, German assaults against, 285
• Camp conditions, investigation into, 117
• Canadians, capture of Passchendaele by, 55
• Canadian successes around Lens, 23
• Canadian troops at Lens, 10
• Cantigny, capture of, by Americans, 374
• Carey, General, closes gap before Amiens, 369-371
• Carpathia, sinking of, 467
• Cattaro, naval mutiny at, 474
• Champagne, French activities in, 34
• Château-Thierry, American defense of, 380
• Château-Thierry, Americans at, 378
• Château-Thierry, evacuation of, by Germans, 331
• Château-Thierry, German advance upon, 308
• Chemin-des-Dames, German assault upon, 307
• Chemin-des-Dames, German retreat from, 54
• Coal famine in United States, 131
• Coblenz, British air raids on, 482
• Commodity prices, rise of, 125
• Concrete blockhouses, German system fails, 37
• Conflans, bombing of, by British airplanes, 477
• Congress, war appropriations by, 111
• Congressional investigation into camp conditions, 117
• Constituent assembly, dissolution of, 183
• Cossacks, rebellion of, 160
• Council of the Russian Republic, 141
• Courtrai, British air raids upon, 479
• Czecho-Slovaks in Siberia, 444
• Czernin, Count, address on Wilson's peace aims, 109

• Daimler motor works, British air raids on, 481
• Dead Man Hill, capture of, by France, 26
• Democratic Congress in Petrograd, 140
• Destroyers, employment of, 120
• Diaz, General Armando, American troops under, 346
• Diaz, General Armando, Italian commander in chief, 209
• Dieterichs, General, 446
• Dixmude, German attacks upon, 270
• Drafted men, first engagement of, 395
• Dukhonin, General, murder of, 160

• East Africa, conquest of, 244
• Einem, General von, commanding German troops in Champagne, 327
• Embargo on neutral exports, 128
• Engineers, American, at Chauny, 368
• Engineers, American, deeds of, at Cambrai, 94
• Epieds, American struggle for, 409
• Explosive capsules used by Germans, 14

• Fère-en-Tardenois-Buzancy line, fighting along, 338
• Finland, agitation for separate Government, 140
• Finland, attitude toward the Germans, 431
• Finland, German operations in, 431
• Finland, relations with Russia, 183
• Finnish Government, aims of, 431
• First American army corps, 400
• Fishing schooners, American, sinking of, by submarines, 467
• Fismes, American arrival at, 416
• "Flaming bullets," use of, by Germans, 38
• Flanders, Franco-British offensive, 9
• Flanders, general British offensive in, 46
• Flanders, German raids in, March, 1918, 272
• Foch, General Ferdinand, appointment as generalissimo, 283
• Foch, General Ferdinand, begins counteroffensive, 405
• Foch, General Ferdinand, success in counteroffensive, 406
• Food administration, campaign of, 127
• Food as a war factor, 124
• Food control, governmental, 125
• Food exports to neutral countries, 128
• Food substitutes, 126
• Fourteen articles for peace, 106
• Franco-British offensive in Flanders, 9
• French advance in Flanders in October, 1917, 51
• French attack north of the Aisne, 47
• French counterattack at St. Quentin, 16
• French offensive at Verdun, renewal of, 28
• Fresnoy, British air raids upon, 480

• Garfield, Harry A., Federal fuel administrator, 131
• George, Lloyd, statement in relation to peace, 103
• German activities in February, 1918, 269
• German advance in Russia, 422
• German aggressions in Russia, 429-431
• German artillery operations around Cambrai, 71
• German assault against American troops, 366
• German assaults on American lines, 356
• German assaults on the Meuse, 39
• German attack in Flanders, 37
• German attacks against Americans in Lorraine, 347
• German casualties at Seicheprey, 362
• German cities bombed by British aviators, 476
• German comments on American troops, 89
• German counterattacks in Bourlon Wood, 63
• German defeat by Americans in Lorraine, 355
• German defense, changes in, 21
• German defense, weakness of, 44
• German destroyers, raid of, 468
• German discussion of Wilson's fourteen articles, 106
• German evasion of American strength, 400
• German loss in great offensive, 303
• German losses in October offensive, 44
• German losses in retreat across the Marne, 404
• German March offensive, results of, 286
• German March offensive, second phase of, 284
• German offensive around Cambrai, 69
• German offensive, checking of, 288
• German offensive in Flanders, March, 1918, 273
• German offensive, renewal of, 306
• German opinion of American troops, 394
• German peace terms, acceptance of, by Russia, 425
• German prisoners, 330
• German prisoners in great British offensive, 62
• German prisoners taken at Ypres, 41
• German prisoners taken by the French in October offensive, 53
• German reenforcements from Russia, 282
• German reply to Pope Benedict, 100
• German repulse at Lens, 12
• German repulse by Americans at Jaulgonne, 379
• German retreat, beginning of, 330
• German retreat, continuation of, 336
• German retreat from Château-Thierry, 381
• German retreat to Oureq River, 335
• German reverses west of the Oise, 315
• German ships seized by America, 123
• German strength at Verdun, 42
• German strength in great March offensive, 275
• German strength in third offensive, 325
• German strength on Franco-British front in November, 1917, 70
• German strength on western front in January, 1918, 76
• German terms of peace with Russia, 176-179
• German third offensive, beginning of, 325
• German troops from Russia, 76
• German troops in Russia, 422
• Germans, hatred of, in Russia, 443
• Germans in American uniforms, 411
• Gough, General Sir Hubert, commanding British fifth army, 273
• Glenart Castle, sinking of, 462
• Gouzeaucourt, capture of, by Germans, 65
• Governmental control of railroads, 133
• Greece, conditions in, 247
• Guynemer, George, death of, 39

• Haig, Field Marshal, attacks east of Ypres, 35, 40
• Haig, Field Marshal, strikes at Ypres, 43
• Haig, Field Marshal, begins offensive on Flanders front, 46
• Hamel, capture of, by Australians, 321
• Hangard, fighting around, 296
• Havrincourt, capture of, by British, 60
• Hedjaz, revolt in, 240-242
• Hertling, Count von, address before Reichstag, 106
• Hill 204, capture of, by Americans, 401
• Hill 304, capture of, by French, 28
• Hindenburg line, British offensive against, 58
• Hoover, Herbert C., 125
• Horne, General Sir Henry, commanding British first army, 273
• Horvath, General, 447
• House, Edward M., at Allied War Conference, 77
• Humbert, General, commanding French third army, 274
• Hutier, General von, 321

• Indian scouts, with Pershing on the Marne, 331
• Industries, closing of, to conserve coal, 131
• "Infiltration" of troops, employment of, 401
• Inter-Allied Naval Council, 81
• Intrepid, sunk to block the harbor of Zeebrugge, 470
• Iphigenia, sunk to block the harbor of Zeebrugge, 470
• Irkutsk, capture of, by Allies, 446
• Italian offensive, 456
• Italian offensive in August, 1917, 188
• Italian successes, 192
• Italy, American troops in, 346
• Italy, Austrian retreat in, 458
• Italy, Austro-German offensive in, 200-213
• Italy, revival of military strength, 450

• Japan, action of, in Siberia, 432
• Jerusalem, capture of, 223-232

• Kaiser William on Ukraine peace, 339
• Kaledine, General, 139
• Kato, Admiral, Japan, proclamation of, 438
• Kattegat, British naval raid on, 470
• Kawachi, Japanese battleship, sinking of, 468
• Kerensky, beginning of downfall, 137
• Kerensky, efforts to revive Russian army, 134
• Kerensky, flight from Petrograd, 146
• Keyes, Vice Admiral, commanding raids at Zeebrugge and Ostend, 470
• Kornilov, General, rebellion against Soviets, 435
• Kornilov, General, rebellion of, 137
• Kornilov, General, speech of, 136

• Lake Moor, sinking of, 463
• Lancashire troops, performances of, 58
• Langemarck, capture of, by Allies, 19
• Lansdowne, Marquis of, efforts toward peace, 101
• Lenine, declaration on peace, 154
• Lenine, Nikolai, 148-155
• Lens, British success at, 13
• Lens, Canadian successes at, 32
• Lens, result of German bombardment of, 18
• Liberty Loan, second, 112-113
• Liggett, General Hunter, commands first army corps, 400
• Liquid fire, employment of, against Americans, 350
• Livonia, German attitude toward, 439
• Loos, British bombardment of, 17
• Lorraine, American operations in, 347
• Lorraine, American successes in, 351
• Lorraine front, occupation of, by Americans, 358
• Ludendorff, General, plans new German offensive, 305
• Lunéville, American operations around, 352
• Lys region, fighting in, 297

• McAdoo, Wm. G., appointed Director General of Railroads, 131
• Machine gunners, German, in Epieds Forest, 411
• Mainz, British air raids upon, 481
• Malmaison Plateau, capture of, by French, 48
• Marine Corps, exploits of, 395
• Marines, American, success in Belleau Wood, 384
• Marne, American sortie across, 391
• Marne, crossing of, by Americans, 407
• Marne, crossing of, by Germans, 327, 402
• Marne, French counterattack on, 406
• Marne, German advance along, 310
• Marne, new battle of the, 325
• Marne, recrossing of, by Germans, 404
• Marne salient, German strength in, 333
• Marwitz, General von der, commanding German second army, 273
• Massed formation, employment of, by Germans, 65
• Matz, French retreat along, 313
• Menin, British air raids upon, 480
• Messines Ridge, attempts of Germans to capture, 293
• Meuse, French lines on, 30
• Milne, General G. F., commanding British troops in the Balkans, 245-246
• Minnetonka, steamship, sinking of, 462
• Mirbach, General Count von, assassination of, 442
• Moldavia, transport, sinking of, 464
• Montdidier, French successes at, 1918, 314
• Montdidier, German successes around, in June, 1918, 312
• Montdidier, operations around, in March, 1918, 283
• Monte di Val Bella, capture of, 458
• Monte Santo, capture of, 187
• Mont Kemmel, assault against, by Germans, 300
• Moreuil, operations around, 287
• Murman coast, American forces on, 441
• Murman Peninsula, German desire to seize, 439

• National army, training of, 116
• Naval Conference, Inter-Allied, 81
• Naval engagements, 468
• Navy, expansion of, 119
• Neutral countries and food exports, 128
• Neutral shipping, submarine destruction of, 463
• Neutral vessels in American ports, 128
• Neuve Église, capture of, by Germans, 294
• Nicholas II, murder of, 447
• Nieuport sector, artillery operations in, 75
• Norwegian marine, losses of, by submarines, 463

• O. B. Jennings, sinking of, 466
• Oise, operations along, 308
• Ostend Harbor, blocking of, 473
• Ourcq, French and American successes along, 332

• Palestine, campaign in, 214-238
• Passchendaele-Gheluvelt Ridge, capture of, by British, 43
• Peace efforts of Pope Benedict, 97
• Peace move of Bolsheviki, 153
• Peace negotiations of Bolsheviki and Germany, 156, 157
• Péronne, operations around, in March offensive, 278
• Pershing, General John J., announces Americans in the trenches, 85
• Pershing, General, message of, to War Department, 368, 369
• Pershing, General, offers American troops to Foch, 346
• Pershing, General, report of, on Belleau Wood, 387
• Pershing, General, report of, on Cantigny, 376
• Pétain, General, reputation of, 284
• Pétain, General, receives American reenforcements, 327
• Pétain, General, troops of, in Picardy, 324
• Petrograd Council, reaction in, 139
• Piave, Italian halt at, 208, 209
• Picardy battle, American operations in, 372
• Poison gas, employment of, by British, 35
• Pope Benedict, efforts at peace, 97
• Pope Benedict, reply of Wilson to, 99
• Portuguese troops, performances of, 291
• President Grant, sinking of, 463
• President Lincoln, sinking of, 464
• Prices, increase in, 125
• Prisoners, Allied, in great German offensive, 277
• Prussian Guards, defeat of, by Americans, 412

• Railroads, American condition of, 133
• Railway construction, American, in France, 344
• Rawlinson, General, praises American engineers, 369
• Remières Wood, capture of, by Americans, 361
• Rheims, attacks of Germans around, 57
• Rheims, German attack upon, 317
• Roye, capture of, 280
• Rumania, conditions in, 250-252
• Russia, German advance in, 436
• Russia, German peace with, 420
• Russia, National Conference in, 135
• Russia, refusal of Central Powers to withdraw from, 419
• Russia, result of collapse of, on German forces, 76
• Russian constituent assembly, failure of, 168
• Russian counter-revolution, attempt at, 165-168
• Russian Grand Dukes, arrest of, 137
• Russian hatred of Germans, 443
• Russian peace terms with Germany, 424
• Russian peace treaty, divisions of, 426
• Russian peace treaty, ratification of, 428
• Russian state documents, secret, publication of, 158
• Russian surrender to Germany, 423
• Russian territory taken by Germans, 426

• Saarbrücken, British air raids on, 50
• St. Gobain Forest, German assault against, 76
• St. Mihiel salient, American operations in, 349
• San Diego, American cruiser, sinking of, 468
• Sarrail, General, commanding Allied troops in the Balkans, 245, 246
• Scherpenberg, assaults of Germans against, 302
• Second Liberty Loan, 112, 113
• Seicheprey, American losses at, 362
• Seicheprey, attack on Americans at, 359
• Seicheprey region, fighting in, 318
• Sergy, capture of, by Americans, 413
• Sergy, fighting around, 337
• Seringes, capture of, by Americans, 414
• Shipping Board, performances of, 122
• Shipping, investigation of, 121
• Siberia, American attitude to Japanese intervention in, 433
• Siberia, American participation in, 449
• Siberian Government proclaimed, 447
• Skoropadsky, Hetman of Ukrainia, 436
• Sneezing powder, use of, by Germans, 305
• Soissons, French successes around, 322
• Soissons, operations around, 311
• Soissons-Rheims salient, Allied progress in, 332
• Somme, British retreat from, 285
• Sophia, Queen of Greece, intrigues of, 248
• Soviets, President Wilson's message to, 428
• Spanish losses at sea, 462
• Stuttgart, British air raids on, 481
• Submarine blockade, results of, 460
• Submarines destroyed by U. S. naval vessels, 457
• Submarines, German operations of, 253-256
• Supreme war council, 81

• "Tanks," employment of, by British, 59
• Tanks, first employment of, by Germans, 298
• Thetis, sunk to block the harbor of Zeebrugge, 470
• Third French army, operations of, 274
• Titles, abolition of, in Russia, 169
• Tonale region, operations in, 456
• Torcy, capture of, by Americans, 382
• Toul sector, American operations in, 353, 354
• Trench fighting, first American experience in, 88
• Trentino, operations along, 191
• Trèves, bombing of, by British airplanes, 477
• Trotzky, Leon, beginning of power, 141, 142
• Trotzky, Leon, career of, 152
• Trotzky, Leon, denunciation of German imperialism, 419
• Trugny, American struggle for, 409
• Tuscania, sinking of, 461

• Udine, capture of, by Austrians, 206
• Ukraine, agitation for separate government, 140
• Ukraine, independence of, 161
• Ukrainia, conditions in, 185
• Ukrainia, German policy in, 418
• Ukrainia, invasion of, by Germans, 429
• Ukrainia, martial law in, 435
• United States, dependence on, by Allies, 77
• United States military railroad in France, 344

• Vaux, capture of, by Americans, 319, 397
• Vaux, German counterattacks at, 398
• Verdun, French gains at, 25
• Verdun, German assaults upon, 22, 23
• Verdun, German attacks northwest of, 52
• Villers-Bretonneux, capture of, by British, 299
• Villers-Cotterets Wood, French successes in, 319
• Vindictive, in raids at Zeebrugge and Ostend, 473
• Vladivostok, occupation of, by Czecho-Slovaks, 446

• War aims of Allies, restatement of, 102
• War appropriations by Congress, 111
• War Department performances, 119
• Weather conditions on western front, 72
• Westhoek Ridge, German assaults upon, 15
• Wheat requirements of Allies, 127
• Wien, Austrian battleship, sinking of, 468
• Wilson, President, address of, April, 1918, 349
• Wilson, President, address to Congress on peace, 103
• Wilson, President, message to Russian Soviets, 428
• Wilson, President, reply to Pope Benedict, 99
• Wolf, German cruiser, vessels destroyed by, 468

• Xivray, German attack upon, 363

• Ypres, bombardment of, by Germans, 301
• Ypres, British attack around, 35
• Ypres, British retirement from, 297
• Ypres-Commines Canal, German attacks on, 12
• Ypres-Menin road, British lose ground on, 37
• Ypres-Menin road, operations around, 29

• Zeebrugge Harbor, blocking of, 470-473