Loan Societies, object, 152;
simplest form, 152, 153;
feasts, 153;
societies charging interest, 154;
method of securing loans, 154, 155;
tables illustrating their working, 155, 156;
insuring payment, 157;
risks involved, 157, 158;
Hong Kong lawsuit re such societies, 158-160.

Local deity, T‘u-ti, 137, 138.

Lord Clive a Chinese bully in boyhood, 218.

“Lord-of-bitterness,” i. e., elder brother, 283.


Markets, why necessary, 146;
harmful to morals, 147;
“official” markets, 147;
number attending, 147;
use made of market taxes, 148;
market-day nomenclature, 148, 149;
“market” and “fair” differentiated, 149;
taxes levied, 149, 150;
coöperation most helpful in one respect, 151.

Mencius’ view of teachers, 70.

Men (See Boys and men).

Mill, James, and his method of teaching, 72.

Mind, characteristics of the Chinese, 102;
like a high bicycle, 103.

Ming Huang, the god of actors, 54.

Mohammedans exempt from temple assessment, 137.

Mothers-in-law, 276, 277.


Names of villages derived from surnames, 30;
from temples, 30;
confusion in names, 31, 32;
names derived from distances, 31;
villages nicknamed, 33;
singular names, 33, 34.

Naming children, 238;
a clue to relationship, 239.

New Year in China:
dumplings, 196, 197;
family reunions, 197, 198;
new clothes essential to, 198, 199;
New Year religious rites, 199, 200;
its social ceremonies, 200, 201;
universal leisure of the time, 201, 202;
gambling, 202, 203;
debt-paying, 203, 204;
lantern search for debtors, 208.

New Year Societies:
fees, 209;
use of funds, 209;
consequences if not paid, 210;
gamblers’ use of its funds, 210.


“Odes, Book of,” quoted, 237.


Parents, care of in Chinese theory, 328, 329.

Partial payments in China, 207, 208.

Peking Gazette, 99.

Pig-styes, 28, 29.

Pits near villages, 24.

Poisoning in China, 330, 331.

Population of China:
ignorance of the Chinese people concerning it, 17;
official ignorance on the subject, 17;
attempts of foreigners to ascertain density in certain districts, 18, 19;
too great, 308, 309.

Poverty characteristic of China, 310, 311;
its alleviation, 311.

Property, distribution of, 327-329.

Proverbs:
concerning teachers, 73, 74;
school discipline in last month, 76;
necessity of continuous study, 91;
reading required, if one would know history, 99;
funeral feasts, 192;
girls vs. boys, 258;
obstreperous women, 305;
daughters useless to mother’s family, 326.

Punctuality a lost art in China, 151.


Rain-making:
gods connected therewith, 169, 170;
iron tablets used, 170;
why these methods seem efficacious, 171;
detrimental influences, 171;
punishment of unsuccessful rain-gods, 172.

Reforms in China, how to be secured, 43;
difficult in educational matters, 107.

Relationships, assumed, 240.

Religious societies, four characteristics of, 141;
two varieties of “Mountain Societies,” 142, 143;
program on reaching the mountain, 144, 145;
the secret sects, 145.

Roads in villages used as shops, 35;
“low-ways,” 35;
why crooked, 35;
flanked by ditches, 36;
in rainy season often rivers, 36;
method of making new ones, 37;
road-building and la grippe, 38.


Scholars “not utensils,” 93;
economically they are useless, 94;
an exception, 94;
begging of foreigners, 94, 95;
without adequate literary apparatus, 96, 97;
their ignorance of history, 98, 100;
of geography, 101;
their conservatism, 103;
lack of literary judgment, 104;
ignorance of arithmetic, 105;
strolling scholars, 107-109;
functions at funerals, 133;
in lawsuits, 133;
subjectivity of, 313;
gullibility, 314;
riots due to their credulity, 314, 315.

Schoolboy beginning his studies, 80;
honoured in the family, 91, 92;
a spoiled child, 92;
effects of study, 92, 93.

Schoolhouses, 75;
their furniture, 75, 76.

Schools in villages, why important, 70;
prevalence of schools, 73;
abundance of teachers, 73;
salaries, 74;
school lists, 74;
arrangements concerning tuition, 75;
schoolhouses, 75;
furniture, 75, 76;
duration of school year, 76;
vacations, 76, 90;
honour shown to Confucius, 76;
school hours and intermissions, 77;
heating schoolrooms, 77;
returning from school, 77;
severity of discipline, 79, 80;
shouting in study, 80;
“backing,” 81, 82;
books studied, 82-85;
“explaining,” 85, 86;
writing exercises, 87;
studies interrupted by teacher’s guests and his examinations, 88, 89;
playing in the school, 89;
irregular attendance of pupils, 89, 90;
lack of classification, 90;
no genuine intellectual work done, 90;
two valuable lessons learned at school, 93;
do not teach arithmetic, 104, 105;
their strength and weakness, 106, 107.

Screens before gates, their use, 21.

Secret sects, 145.

Seers or “bright-eyes,” 283, 284.

Shan-tung productions, 161, 162.

Shops in villages, goods sold, 49, 50;
headquarters from which to radiate to fairs, 50;
hard lot of clerks, 51, 52;
case of meat seller, 51, 52;
cheating methods, 53.

Sorghum, 161;
stripping off lower leaves, 166.

Strolling scholars, 107, 109.

“Style” of individuals, 239, 240.

Suicide, punishment for inciting to, 322, 323.

Superintendent of Instruction, 130, 131.

“Surety” for literary candidates, 115, 116.

“Surnames, Book of,” 84.

Surnames, the four common ones, 31.

T‘ai Shan’s historical importance, 141;
its pilgrimages, 141, 142;
“Mountain Societies,” 142.

Taxes on “empty grain-tax land,” 329

Teacher’s hard lot as pictured in a play, 67, 68;
in proverbs, 73;
in experience, 74;
do not teach in their own towns, 74, 75;
their manner of life, 75;
honourable position, 76, 78;
unlimited power, 78;
relation to pupils, 78;
substitute teachers, 89;
Western criticism of, 102.

Temples to be used as schoolhouses, 135;
how village temples came to be built, 136;
reasons for their absence in some villages, 137;
two gods most commonly honoured with temples, 137, 138;
uses made of building fund surplus, 138;
resorts of thieves and beggars, 139;
temple expenses, 139;
as receptacles of coffins and funeral paraphernalia, 139;
different deities in same temple, 140;
temple tax at fairs, 149;
lawsuits over, 232.

Theatre, its origin in China, 54;
little understood by foreigners, 55;
the stage and its equipment, 55, 56;
the theatre an investment, 56, 57;
costumes, 57;
classes of players, 58;
amateurs, 58;
child apprentices, 58, 59;
plays a public benefit, 60, 65;
occasions for giving a play, 60, 61;
cost of presenting it, 61;
the “program bearer,” 62;
transporting stage properties, 62;
preparations for a theatre, 62;
used as a device for attracting customers for fairs, 62;
impression made by a play, 63;
plays as a social factor, 63, 64;
a drain upon hosts, 64;
subjects of plays, 66;
synopsis of one, 66-68;
the theatre an index of the Chinese theory of life, 68, 69.

Thieves’ action at theatres, 65;
use temples as resorts, 139.

“Thousand Character Classic,” 84.

Title deeds often lost, 27.

Torture as a means of raising temple funds, 136.

“Trimetrical Classic” quoted, 78;
origin, 82;
epitomised, 82-84;
its allusions often not understood, 100.


Village hunt, why possible in populous China, 174;
the bald annunciator of the hare-hunt, 175, 176;
the hunt described, 176;
resulting quarrels, 176-178.

Villages, number of in India, 15;
the residence of most Chinese, 15;
irregularly laid out, 21;
how first settled, 21;
streets and alleys, 21;
overcrowding, 21;
village walls and their use, 29;
nearness of one to another, 146, 147;
each village a principality, 226.

“Vinegar sipping,” 300.


Wages of farm labourers, 247;
of boys, 247.

Washington and the cherry tree in Chinese, 333-335.

Weddings:
a “joyful event,” 179;
wedding contributions, 179;
bride’s arrival the essence of the wedding, 180;
exposition of the “share” principle, 180;
account-keeping at weddings, 181;
duties of the wedding committee, 182;
city and village caterers, 182, 183;
three “wedding committees,” 183;
“borrowing” provisions, 184;
opium smoking stewards, 184;
poor relatives at weddings, 185;
“drawing friends,” 191;
pranks at, 251.

Week, unique survival of the, 192.

Wells, manner of digging, 44, 45;
driven wells, 45;
occasions of feuds, 45;
unpopular people forbidden to use, 45;
Western ideas needed for Chinese well-diggers, 46;
how a force pump was refused by a village, 46-48.

Western Learning Edict, 134, 135.

Wife of Tao-t‘ai envying a dog, 262, note.

Woman (See Girls and women).

Women have no name, 241;
terms used, 241.

Writing Chinese very difficult, 87, 88.


Yellow River, “China’s Sorrow,” 172, 173.