118

Burke, Edmund, 580;
Döllinger's political model, 393, 417
French Revolution denounced by, 219
on the moral and political as distinct from the merely geographical, 294
on the partition of Poland, 275
on revolution, 587
cited on political oppression in Ireland, 253, note
on the rights of mankind, 56

Burning of heretics, Lea's view on, 568

Byzantine despotism, due to combined influence of Church and State, 33

Bzovius, authority on the Inquisition, 554


Cadiz Constitution, 1812., 89;
its overthrow the triumph of the restored monarchy of France, 89

Cæsarius of Heisterbach, authority of, distrusts by Lea, 567

Calhoun, J.C., indictment against democracy, 93

Calvin, John, 176, 585
action of, with regard to Servetus, 184;
and his defence of the same, 181
attitude of, to the civil power, 179-81
hostility to, of Lutherans, 145
republican views of, 42, 43
system of Church government, 177-79

Calvinism in Germany, 345

Calvinists, English, tolerated by Melanchthon, 170 & note

Camden, Lord, cited in disfavour of American taxation, 55

Campanella, ideal society of, 270

Campeggio, Cardinal, commentary of, on Zanchini, 559

Canello, cited on Machiavelli's unpopularity, 226

Canning, G., on the question as to who reigned, George III. or his ministers, 583;
his wisdom, 40

Capalti, Cardinal, junior President of Vatican Council, 534

Capecelatro, 412

Capilupi, Camillo, author of Lo Stratagemma di Carlo IX., 129;
its bearing on the position of the Cardinal of Lorraine, 130;
and others, on Alessandria's information as to forthcoming massacre of Huguenots, 114
family, glorification by, of Charles IX. for the St. Bartholomew, 128 et seq.
Hippolyto, Bishop of Fano, support given by, to Charles IX., 128-9

Capito, Wolfgang Fabricius, reformer, 172, 174

Capponi, friend of Döllinger, 420
as federalist, 414
Döllinger's study of, 402

Capuchins, General of, and the Inquisition, 553

Carbonari, supporters of, 284;
their impotence, 286

Carcassonne, no Huguenot massacres at, 142

Cardinal Wiseman, 436

Cardinals, approval by, of the St. Bartholomew, 140
opposition of, to Vatican Council, 493
French, and absolute monarchy, 41

Carena, "De Officio S.S. Inquisitionis," valuable matter in, on the Inquisition, 560

Carius, works of, edited by Trent Commissioners, 215

Carlstadt, Andreas, polygamy defended by, 159

Carlyle, Thomas, on truth as basis of success, 223

Carneades, his infusion of Greek ideas into minds of Roman statesmen, 16

Carouge, and the Rouen massacre of Huguenots, 119

Caspari, at Döllinger's house, 405

Castagna, Papal Nuncio, 117

Catechism of St. Sulpice, Lea's deductions from, 571

Catherine de' Medici, Queen-Mother of France, advisers urging, to destroy Coligny and his party, 108-9 & notes
challenge of, to Queen Elizabeth, 122
children of, trained on Machiavelli's principles, 215
hints of the intended massacre, 110, 111, 113-14
jealous for her merit in the St. Bartholomew, 130
levity of her religious feelings, 122
long premeditation by, of the massacre, 115
methods of, to balance Catholic and Huguenot power, 103
wrath of, at Gregory's demand for revocation of the edict of Toleration, 137
on the death of her daughter, Queen of Spain, 104 & note
cited, 580-81

Catholic attitude to Huguenot massacres, 146-8;
change in, how induced, 148
Church, see Church
countries, revolution more frequent in, than in Protestant, and why, 278
Emancipation Act, spiritual fruits of, gathered by Wiseman, 437
legitimists and democracy, link between, 590
literature, phases of, last hundred years as to principles in politics and science, 450-51
theory on the proper way to deal with heretics, discredit caused by, 140-41
use of subterfuge, 454

Catholic and Protestant intolerance, difference between, 165, 168-70, 186-7

Catholicism, in the Dark Ages, 200
ground lost by, since the Middle Ages, 593
holiness of, hated by its enemies, 437
identification of, with some secular cause an Ultramontane peculiarity, 451
liberal, supposed founder of, 588
spreads as an institution as well as a doctrine, 246
tendency of, 189

Catholics, English, peculiarities of their position, 438;
unity aimed at by them, ib.
treatment of, by the Reformers, 157, 162, 163, 168, 174, 178-9

Cavalli, Venetian ambassador, on the bad management of the St. Bartholomew, 109

Celts, Gallic and British, why conquered, 241
the materials less than the impulse of history supplied by, 240

Champel, half-burned book from, 569

Chanson de la Croisade, 565

Character, national, influence of, on events, limits of, 557

Charlemagne, 409

Charles Albert, King of Piedmont, revolution under, 285

Charles I., King of England, execution of, a triumph for Royalism, 51

Charles II., King of England, secret treaty between him and Louis XIV., 53

Charles V., Emperor, records of reign of, 409

Charles IX., King of France, active conciliation by, of Protestants, 105
alliances made by, with Protestant rulers, 105
attempts of, to appease Protestant powers after the massacre, 120
blamed for "leniency," "cruel clemency," etc., in the massacre, 126, 141, 143
Cardinal Lorraine's eulogy of, for the massacre, 112
civil war resulting from persecutions during his minority, 103
date when Catherine suggested the massacre to him, 115
desirous of thwarting Spain, his measures to that end, 104, 105
effect on his attitude to Rome of his success in crushing Huguenots, 137
explanations offered by, various, on the massacre, 118
hints dropped by, of the coming massacre, 111
letters of, to Rome, fate of, 101
letter from, to the Pope, announcing the massacre, 132;
reasons alleged in, 133
massacre of Huguenot prisoners ordered by, 141
methods of, in the provincial massacres, 118 et seq.
Naudé's Apology for its basis, 147
negotiations of, for Anjou's marriage with Queen Elizabeth, 105
Nuncio on Charles IX., tenacity of his authority, 137
panegyric on, by Panigarola, 125
personal share of, in the massacre, approved by Mendoça, 124
praised for his conduct as to the massacre, 112, 125, 128-9, 136, 140, 147
suppression by, of materials for history of the massacre, 121 & note
threats of Pius V. to, 139
tracts on his danger from Coligny, and on his joy at the massacre, 131
on his plan for the massacre, 117
death of, Sorbin's account, 126-7
his wife and her parentage, 105

Charron, on subordination to universal reason, 46

Chastre, La, refuses to execute Charles IX.'s orders as to Huguenot massacre at Bourges, 115

Chateaubriand, Marquis de, 464
liberalism of, discussed, 594
maxim of, on the timidity of the better sort of men, 582;
endorsed by Menou, ib.
transcription by, of Salviati's despatches, 102

Chatham, Lord, against taxation of American colonists, 55

Châtillon, House of, feud of, with the Guises, 112

Chemnitz, Lutheran divine, on Calvinists, 145

Cherbuliez, the elder, on the power of abstract ideas, 585

Cheverus, 402

Chinese, stationary national character of, 241

Christ, His divine sanction the true definition of the authority of government, 29

Christian states, constitution of the Church as model for, 192

Christianity, appeal to barbarian rulers, 33
considered as force, not doctrine, by Döllinger, 383-7
in the Dark Ages, 200
as history, Döllinger's view of, 380
how employed by Constantine, 30, 31
influence of, on the human race, 200;
and on popular government, 79
primitive, penetration of influence over State gradual, 27
progress of, must be supplemented by secular power, 246, 247
teaching of Stoics nearest approach to that of, 24, 25
universality of, influence of nations on, 317-21
why Romans opposed establishment of, 195, 198
freedom in, appeal of Christianity to rulers, 33
effects on, of Teutonic invasion, 32
influence on, of feudalism, 35
political influence of the Reformation on, 43
supplying faculty of self-government in classical era, 31
political advances of Middle Ages due to, 39
rise of Guelphs and Ghibellines as affecting, 36
rise and progress of absolute monarchy as affecting, 41, 47, 48
rise of religious liberty and toleration as resulting from, 52, 53
rise and progress of political liberty due to, 56, 57, 58
sovereignty of people in Middle Ages acknowledged in consequence of, 35

Christina, Queen, of Sweden, on truth, 316

Chronicle, The, Acton's leaders in, ix

Chrysippus, views of, 73

Church, the, see also Catholicism, Papacy, Popes, and Rome attitude of, to isolation of nations, 292
attitude of, to Wycliffe, Hus, and Luther, 271;
difference in their attitude to her, ib.
both accepting and preparing the individual to receive, 450;
how she performs this, ib.
censure of, ineffectual against Machiavelli's political doctrines, 218
condemnation of Frohschammer's book, and excommunication, 477
and the development of Machiavelli's policy, 225
difficulties of, how nourished, 455
Döllinger's vindication of, 404
effect on, of growth of feudalism, 245
fables of, Döllinger's investigation of, in Papstfabeln des Mittelalters, 418-21
free action of, test of free constitution of State, 246
Goldwin Smith's unfair estimate of, 234
in Ireland, Goldwin Smith's views on, 259
great work (salvation of souls) and its subsidiaries, 448-9
hostility to, roused by conflicts with science and literature, 461-91
indebted to the barbarians for corporate position, 244
manifestation of, how seen, 269
minority in, in agreement with Döllinger, 313
not justified in resisting political law or scientific truth on grounds of peril in either to the faith, 449 et seq.
not openly attacked, eighteenth century, 273-4
her peculiar mission to act as channel of grace not her sole mission, 448-9
political thoughts on, 188;
authority, supreme, the Church as, 192;
Catholicism in the "Dark Ages," 200;
Christianity, influence of, on human race, 200;
divine order in the world, establishment of, 189;
English race, Christianity a cause of greatness of, 204;
liberty, influence of Christianity on, 203;
religion, true, definition of, 197;
Romans, persecution of Christians by, reasons for, 196, 198
position of, in State, regulation difficult, 252
struggle of feudalism with, 35
tolerance of, in early days, 186
view of, on government, 260

Church discipline, Bucer's system of, 172-3
government, under control in the modern State, 151

Church of England, internal condition of, 437-8
establishment, English and Irish, difference between, 259

Church and State Teutonic, quarrel between, cause of revival of democracy, 80
relations of, 150-52, 162, 163-4
union of, creating Byzantine despotism, 33;
effect of, on paganism, 33
views on, of Anabaptists, 171-2;
Bucer, 172-3;
Calvin, 177 et seq.;
Luther, 154, 156, 157-8, 159, 161-4, 180;
Melanchthon, 164 et seq.;
Œcolampadius, 176-7;
Zwingli, 173-4;
Reformers in general, 181

Cicero, 409

Cienfuegos, Cardinal and Jesuit, view of, on Charles IX., 148

Circumspice, as motto for the Catholic Church, 269

Citeaux, 567

Citizenship in Athens, 68

"City of the Sun," an ideal society described by, 270

Civil authority over religious crime (see also Passive obedience), Beza's view, 146
liberty, point of unison of, with religious liberty, 151;
its two worst enemies, 300
War of America, consolidating effects of, on the Constitution, 579
society, its aim and end, 298

Civilisation, despotism in relation to, 5, 6, 27
liberty the product of, 596
mature, liberty the fruit of, 1
social, unconnected with political civilisation, 243
in Western Europe retarded by five centuries owing to Teutonic invasion and domination, 32, 33

Civilta Cattolica, organ of Pius IX., 497

Classical literature, subjects not found in, 25, 26

Clay, H., despondency of, as to American institutions, 579

Clement IV., Pope, directions of, for Inquisitors, 560

Clement V., Pope, decree of, on privilege of Inquisitors, deductions on, of Lea, 566
share of, in the trial of the Templars, 563
cited on political honesty, 214
publication of Il Principe authorised by, 214

Clement VIII., Pope (Aldobrandini), testimony of, on premeditation of the St Bartholomew, 114-15 & notes

Clergy, immunities of, 34;
unpopular in Italy, 363
upholders of absolute monarchy, 41

Clifford, Lord, acquaintance of, with Döllinger, 388

Colbert, admirers of, in accord with Helvetius, 220

Coleridge, S.T., metaphysics of, Döllinger's love for, 381

Coligny, Admiral de, 105;
death of, origin and motives of, discussed, 101 et seq., 117-18;
the story of, 106, 111 et seq., 118;
the question of its premeditation discussed, 106-7 et seq.
alleged plot to kill Charles IX., 131, 135, 136
murderer of, 124;
reward of, from Philip II., 123;
and presented to the Pope, 144 & note;
nationality (alleged) of, 124

Colocza, Archbishop of, head of Council of Bishops, 1867., 499

Cologne, Archbishop of, loose reading of terms of the legal reform of Index, 531

Cologne, Synod at, and infallibility, 499

Commines, Philip de, on levying of taxes, 39

Commonwealth, The American, by James Bryce, review, 575

Commonwealths, founders of, 70

Communism, a subversive theory, proclaimed by Babœuf, 273;
theory of its antiquity due to Critias, 17

Comte, Auguste, historic treatment of philosophy, 380

Concordat, Austrian, failure of, 292

Confederacy essential to a great democracy, 277

Confederate scheme of American government, 577

Conference of Bayonne, resolutions inimical to Huguenots taken at, 108-9 & notes

Confession of Anjou, on the Massacre of St. Bartholomew, 107

Confession of Augsburg, apology of, on excommunication, 158
importance of, recognised by Luther, 159

Conflicts with Rome, 461-91

Connecticut, Blue Laws of, 55

Conrad, Master (of Marburg), principles inspiring, 556;
as confessor of St. Elizabeth, 570

Conscience, freedom of, a postulate of religious revolution, 153
in politics, expedient elasticity of, 212-14

Conservateur, the, 594

Conservatism, indirect elections not always a safeguard of, 2;
restriction of suffrage in relation to, 96

Conservatism of American revolutionists, 580
European, 583

Constance, Council of, support of, to the Inquisition, 570

Constantine, donation of, 469;
political Christianity of, 30, 31

Constantinople, seat of Roman Empire transferred to, 30
Patriarchs of, see Eutychius

Constitution, American, consolidated by the Civil War, 579
despondency of its founders as to, 579
Hamilton's views on, 581-3
not understood by Tocqueville, 576

Constitution of England, Sir E. May on, 62

Constitutions, evolution of, 58
growth of, nature of, 5
Periclean, characteristic of, 10
view of Guelph writers respecting, 36
how ancient, differ from modern, 19
mixed, difficulty of establishing and impossibility of maintaining, 20

Contarini, Gaspar, 214

Contarini, Venetian ambassador, on the expected change in France (as to the Huguenots), 109

Conti, story of priests and the St. Bartholomew disproved, 126

Cooley, Judge, cited by Bryce, on American liberty and government, 580

Copernican system, the, derided by Luther, 160

Corsica, 105

Cortes, Donoso, classed as ultramontane, 451

Council of Arles and the Count of Toulouse, 565

Council of Constance, support of, to the Inquisition, 570

Council of Trent, 111, 138;
Döllinger's investigations of, 431;
and tradition, 513

Council of Ten, Molino on, 213

Cournot, intellectual qualities of, 589

Cousin, Victor, 224, 588, 589
historic treatment of philosophy, 380

Cranmer, 430

Creuzer, 405

Critias, cited, 70
originator of notion of original communism of mankind, 17

Croker, see Canning

Cromwell, Oliver, Constitutions of, short-lived, 50
study of, 410

Cromwell, Thomas, acquaintance of, with Il Principe, 214
death of, a joy of Melanchthon, 217

Culturgeschichte of Hellwald, 573

Cumberland, expositor of Grotius, 46

Cusa, Cardinal of, on Christian doctrine, 514


Daniel, historian, 588

Dante, Döllinger's return to study of, 433
key to, where found, 574
views of, on conscience, 562
and Cecco d'Ascoli, on schism, 564

Danton, his action in the Reign of Terror,