Galileo, condemned to disavow his own opinions, i. 28; his annotations on Tasso, ii. 444.

Gamesters, memoirs of celebrated, i. 190.

Gaming, a universal passion, i. 187; treatises on, ib.; among the nations of the East, 188, 189; the ancients, ib.; picture of a gambling-house in 1731, ib.

Gardens, mediæval, ii. 154, note; gradual introduction of fruits and flowers, 151-157.

Gas, origin of the word, iii. 282.

Gayton, Edmund, his pleasant notes upon Don Quixote and other works, i. 139, note.

Gemara.—See Talmud.

Genius, inequalities of, i. 88; men of, deficient in conversation, 103; modern persecution of, 197.

Gerbier, Sir Balthazar, a confidential agent of the Duke of Buckingham, ii. 358; notices of his Memoirs, 359-369; his account of the preparations for the siege of Rochelle, 368.

Gestures significant, used by the ancients and by modern Neapolitans, ii. 119, note.

Gethin, Lady Grace, her statue in Westminster Abbey, ii. 270; her papers collected and published, under the title of Reliquiæ Gethinianæ, 271; character of the book, ib.; Congreve’s laudatory lines on, ib.; its authenticity doubted, 272; her considerations on the choice of a husband, 273.

Ghosts, theory of, iii. 287, 288.

Giannone, his History of Naples, iii. 184; threatened by the Inquisition, 185; died in the citadel of Turin, ib.

Gibbon, his mode of study useful to students, ii. 89.

Gill, Alexander, committed by the Star Chamber, ii. 373.

Gloves, supposed to be mentioned in the 108th Psalm, i. 235; account of, by Xenophon, ib.; mentioned by several ancient writers, ib.; use of, universal in the 9th century, 236; regulations concerning, ib.; employed on great and solemn occasions, such as investitures, ib.; Abbots forbidden to use, ib.; blessing of, 237; deprivation of, a mark of degradation, ib.; challenging by, ib.; used for secret correspondence, ib., note; use of, in carrying the hawk, 238; formerly forbidden to judges, ib.; singular anecdote concerning, ib.; ancient, in the Denny family, 239.

Glove-money, i. 238.

Goff, Thomas, a tragic poet, specimens of his works, ii. 42.

Gondoliers of Venice, description of their chanting the verses of Tasso and Ariosto, i. 388.

Gough, the antiquary, anecdote of, iii. 319.

Gray, loss of his MSS., ii. 451.

Grotius, account of his life and studies, i. 129, 130.

Grub-street Journal, extract from, ii. 492; its authors, ib., note.

Guelphs and Ghibellines, iii. 89.

Gueux, iii. 81.

Guibert, foretold the French Revolution, iii. 300.

Guicciardini, his history posthumous, iii. 180; first editions of his works castrated, ib.; continuation of his history by Adriani, ib.

Guilt, trials and modes of proof of, in superstitious ages, i. 161-166.

Gulliver’s Travels, account of the first edition, i. 320, note.

Hair, early taste in the colour of, ii. 33, and note.

Halifax, Marquis of, his MS. memoirs suppressed, ii. 447.

Hall, Bishop, his belief in witches, iii. 293, and note.

Halley, anecdote of his perseverance and sagacity, iii. 411.

Hamilton, Elizabeth, her projected series of comparative biography, iii. 424.

Hans Carvel, origin of Prior’s story of, i. 111.

Hardi, a French tragic author, ii. 41.

Harlequin, his Italian origin, ii. 117; turned into a magician by the English, ib.; the character essentially Italian, 118; treatises written on it, 121; a Roman mime, ib. and note; his classical origin, 123, note; his degeneration, 125; his renovation under the hand of Goldoni, ib.; improved into a wit in France, ib.

Hartlibb, Samuel, a collector and publisher of manuscripts on horticulture and agriculture, ii. 153.

Harvey, his discovery of the circulation of the blood, iii. 412.

Hazlerigg, Sir Arthur, “an absurd bold man,” a violent leader of the Rump Parliament, iii. 487.

Heart of a lover, story of, i. 233, 234.

Heavy hours of literary men, i. 392.

Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven, topographical descriptions of, i. 202; treatises on, 204, 205.

Hemon de la Fosse, a modern Polytheist, executed in 1503, i. 216.

Henrietta, queen of Charles I., her character, ii. 337; anecdote illustrative of, ib.; after the Restoration, 338; various descriptions of her person, ib.; her contract with the Pope, 339; account of her journey to England on her marriage, 340; her French establishment, 341; anecdote of her confessor’s conduct, 342; the dismissal of her French attendants, 345; the amount of her supposed influence over her husband, 348.

Henry the Seventh, anecdote of, ii. 10.

Henry the Eighth, anecdote of, ii. 10; his proclamation against reading the Bible in English, iii. 373, note.

Henry, prince, son of James I., anecdote of, iii. 186-194.

Henry, the English historian, loose and general in his references, ii. 418.

Heretics, a classification of, i. 350.

Hermippus Redivivus, a curious jeu-d’-esprit, i. 320.

Heylin, a popular writer, died in 1662, iii. 215; his rival biographers, 216-221; his History of the Puritans and Presbyterians, 239.

High Sheriff’s Oath, exceptions taken to, by Sir Edward Coke, iii. 446.

History, of events which have not happened, a good title for a curious book, ii. 428; speculative history of the battle of Worcester, had it terminated differently, 429; a history of this kind in Livy, ib.; subjects for, 430-438.

History of New Words.—See Neology. Of suppressed opinion, iii. 150-163; of writing masters, 167-177.

Historians, remarks on the infidelities of, i. 191; Italian, commended, iii. 177; notices of the most celebrated, 180-186; wrote for posterity, 182, 183; fate of Giannone, who published in his life-time, 185; observations on, 186.

Holyday, Barton, author of the comedy “The Marriage of the Arts,” ii. 43.

Home, the author of the tragedy of “Douglas,” persecuted for composing it, i. 197.

Homer, notice of his detractors, i. 24; profound knowledge of history, geography, arts, sciences, and surgery ascribed to, 303.

Hudibras, attacks upon Butler, the author of, ii. 491; various accounts of the original of the character, 492; indecency avoided in, 493; epitaph on the author of, ib.; attacks on Butler’s character, 494; and vindication of, 495.

Hugh of Lincoln, legend of, iii. 145, note.

Huguenot, origin of the term, iii. 82.

Hume, his carelessness in research, iii. 368.

Humphrey, Duke, origin of the phrase “dining with,” ii. 169, note.

Hurd, Bishop, his proposed book of parallels, iii. 425.

Hymns set to popular tunes, ii. 149, note.

Idleness punished among the ancients, i. 199, 200.

Ikon Basilike; its probable effects had it appeared a week sooner, ii. 435.

Iliad, in a nut-shell, i. 275.

Image-breakers, proclamation by Elizabeth against, iii. 375, 376.

Imitators, masterly, i. 258, 261.

Imitations, of Cicero, i. 67; Le Brun’s religious Virgil and Ovid, ib.; Sannazarius’s poem de Partu Virginis, 68; Arruntius an ancient imitator of Sallust, ib.; modern, ib.; Arabian anecdote, 69.

Imitations and Similarities, Poetical, various and curious instances of, ii. 92-110.

Independents, their intolerance, iii. 85.

Index, of prohibited books, ii. 216; Expurgatory, ib.; Congregation of the, ib.; reprinted by the heretics with annotations, 217; effect of, in raising the sale of books, 219.

Indexes, Fuller’s observations on, i. 72.

Influence of a name, ii. 65-75.

Inghirami, and forged Etruscan antiques, iii. 307.

Inigo Jones, his excellent machinery for exhibiting masques, iii. 12, 13.

Ink, inferiority of modern, ii. 29; various kinds anciently used, 30.

Inquisition, establishment of, at Toulouse, i. 166; in Spain, 167; first proceeding of, ib.; taciturnity of the Spaniards attributed to, ib.; anecdotes concerning, 168-170; history of, by Orobio, 167.

Intemperance in study, i. 8.

Introducers of exotic flowers, fruits, &c., ii. 151, 157.

Ireland, W. H., his Shakesperian forgeries, i. 137, note.

Isabella-colour, origin of term, i. 217.

Italians, their national genius dramatic, ii. 118.

Italian Historians, iii. 177-186.

Italic letter, introduction of, i. 77; formerly called the Aldine, 78.

Jacquerie, iii. 82.

James the First gave credit to physiognomy, i. 149; injustice done to his character for wit, 156; distinguished as Queen James, 462; his ambassador’s speech, 463; cleanliness of his court, ib.; his effeminacy, ib.; his general character, ib.; his imbecility in his amusements, 464; his pedantry, 465; account of his death, 466; results of the author’s further inquiry into the character of, 467; his conduct regarding his son’s expedition into Spain, ii. 2; his objections to Laud’s promotion, iii. 297; his character vilified, 333; his attention to the education of his children, ib.; his conduct towards his wife, 334-337.

James the Second, kept a diary, ii. 214.

Jamet l’Aîné, proposes to edit a new edition of the Dictionary of Trevoux, iii. 232.

Jansenists, the Methodists of France, i. 373; cause a Biographical Dictionary to be compiled, devoted to their cause, in opposition to that of L’Avocat, ib.; specimens of this dictionary, 373, 374; their curses never “lapsed legacies,” 375.

Jerusalem, Arabic chronicle of, only valuable from the time of Mahomet, i. 191; several portions translated by Longuerue, ib.

Jesuits, a senate of, sent by Sigismund, King of Sweden, to represent him at Stockholm, destroyed by stratagem, i. 231-233.

Jesuit’s snuff poisoned, ii. 442, note.

Jews of York, history of their self-destruction, ii. 75-79.

Jocular Preachers, i. 251-258.

Jodelle, Etienne, the first author of French tragedy, ii. 40.

Johnson, Dr., his original Memorandum of Hints for the Life of Pope, ii. 380-382.

Jonson, Ben, Fuller’s character of, i. 380; his arrogance, 381; his Ode on the ill reception of his play of “The New Inn” quoted, 382; Owen Feltham’s Ode in reply, 383; Randolph’s Consolatory Ode to, 385; his poem on translation, ii. 501; employed on court masques, iii. 6-8, 12.

Joseph Vella, pretended to have recovered seventeen of the lost books of Livy, i. 135; patronized by the king of Naples, ib.; discovered and imprisoned, 136.

Journals.—See Literary Journals.

Journalist, Public, indispensable acquirements of a, i. 16.

Judicial Combats, anecdotes of, i. 162, 163.

Kings, remark of St. Chrysostom on, i. 173; willing to be aided, but not surpassed, 174; anecdotes of, ib.; observations of the Duke of Alva and of Dr. Johnson on, 176; divine honours bestowed on, 179; dethroned, 181; anecdotes of, and their families, in misfortune, 181, 182; descendants of, found among the dregs of the populace in conquered countries, 183; funeral honours paid to, by the Goths and Huns, 196.

Kirk, Colonel, original of the horrid tale of, related by Hume, iii. 148.

Kissing hands, customary among the ancients as an act of adoration, ii. 81; used by the primeval bishops, ib.; declined with Paganism, ib.; prevailed at Rome, 82; an essential duty under the emperors, ib.; practised in every known country, ib.

Knox, John, his Machiavelian politics, iii. 242; his opinions on toleration, 251; his predictions, 277, 278.

Lambe, Dr., a magician, murdered in the streets of London, ii. 364; fine and assessment on City companies in consequence, ib., note.

La Mothe Le Vayer, a great quoter, ii. 417.

Lamps, Perpetual, i. 243; possibility of, ib.; Rosicrucians, ib.

La Rue, i. 257.

Latimer, Bishop, curious sermons by, i. 256, and note; his youthful history, ii. 39, note.

Latour du Chatel, a neglected contributor to the Dictionary of Trevoux, procures the mediation of the French government, iii. 231.

Lauder, William, pretended discovery of plagiarisms of Milton, i. 137, and note.

Laureats, sketch of the history of, i. 454; ancient, ib.; Petrarch the first modern, ib.; degrees granted to, ib.; formula employed in granting the degree of, 455; their honours disgraced in Italy, ib.; Querno crowned in a joke, ib.; honours lavished on, by Maximilian I., 456; honours still conferred on, in Germany, ib.; unknown among the French, ib.; appointment of, in Spain, ib.; in England never solemnly crowned, 457; salary of, in England, ib.

Lazzaroni, iii. 82.

Lazzi, dramatic side-play, ii. 128.

League, the, its pretext and its cause, iii. 142, 143.

Learned men, persecution of, i. 27; poverty of, 29; imprisonment of, 35; amusements of, 38.

Le Clerc, antagonist of Bayle, and author of three Bibliothèques, the Universelle et Historique, Choisie, and Ancienne et Moderne, i. 15.

Le Fevre, Nicholas, edition of his works by Lenglet du Fresnoy, iii. 249, and note.

Legends, origin of, i. 89; Golden, 90; of the Seven Sleepers, 91; account of several, 92, 93; Golden, abounds in religious indecencies, 366; of St. Mary the Egyptian, ib.

Leibnetz, his admiration of Barclay’s Argenis, iii. 339; anecdote of, iii. 455.

Lenglet du Fresnoy, his “Méthode pour étudier l’Histoire,” iii. 221; his peculiar character, ib.; history of his Méthode, 222, 224, and note, ib.; his literary history, 224; a believer in alchymy, 225; his political adventures, 227.

Le Kain, anecdote of, i. 251.

Leo the Tenth, motive of his projected alliance against the Turks, iii. 142.

L’Estrange, Sir Roger, a strong party writer for Charles II., i. 159; his Æsop’s Fables, 160.

Lettres de Cachet, invented by Father Joseph, confessor to Richelieu, iii. 196.

Libel, singular means used to discover the author of a, ii. 314.

Libels on the Duke of Buckingham, ii. 365-370.

Liberty of the Press, restrictions on, ii. 216-227; its freedom did not commence till 1694, 227; reflections on, 228.—See Censors.

Libraries, i. 1; celebrated Egyptian and Roman, 1-3; public, in Italy and England, 3, 4; in France and Germany, 6, 7; use of lights in, 7; that of the Palatine Apollo destroyed by Pope Gregory VIII., 50; in Bohemia, destroyed by the Jesuits, ib.; destruction of, under Henry VIII. ib.; astronomical, in the ark of Noah, 303; Irish, before the Flood, ib.; Adams’s, ib.; modern opinion on their utility, iii. 345.

Licensers of the Press.—See Censors.

Lights, in public libraries, ordered in France by Charles V., i. 6; objection to, 7.

Lilly, the astrologer, notices of, i. 280-283; his great work, 282; an exquisite rogue, ib.

Lipogrammatic works, i. 293.

Lipsius, Justus, his opinions on toleration, iii. 253.

Literary Blunders, a pair of lexicographical, i. 305; instances of curious, 320-327.

Literary Composition, ii. 85-92.

Literary Controversy, specimens of Luther’s mode of managing, i. 308; Calvin’s conduct of, 309; Beza imitates Calvin’s style in, 310; opinion of Bishop Bedell on, ib.; conduct of the fathers in, ib.; grossness used in, 311; of the Nominalists and Realists, 312.

Literary Fashions, ii. 113; applause given to a work supposed to be written by a celebrated man, ib.; notices of various, ib.; love all the fashion, 114; Spenser’s Faerie Queen became one, ib.; the translation of Greek tragedies, a, ib.; of the seventeenth century, 115; of the time of Charles I., ib.; of Charles II., and of more modern times, ib.

Literary Follies, instances of various in the fantastical composition of verses, i. 293-307; strange researches made in antediluvian times to be classed with, 301-303; anecdote of a malicious one, ib.; various anecdotes concerning, 301-307.

Literary Forgeries, by Dr. Berkenhout, a letter from Peele to Marlow, i. 380; by George Steevens, iii. 297; history of one, 299, 300; by Horace Walpole, 302; anecdote of Steevens and Gough, 303, 304, and notes; by De Grassis, ib.; by Annius of Viterbo, 305, and mischievous consequences of, ib.; Sanchoniathon, 306; of Etruscan antiquities, ib.; the false Decretals of Isidore, 308; in the prayer-book of Columbus, ib.; in the Virgil of Petrarch, ib.; by the Duke de la Vallière, 309; by Lauder, 310; by Psalmanazar, 311.

Literary Friendships, ii. 55-58.

Literary Impositions, curious anecdotes of, i. 260, 261.

Literary Impostures, i. 132; by Varillas, the French historian, ib.; supposed by Gemelli Carreri, but afterwards discovered to be fact, ib.; Du Halde’s account of China compiled, 133; Damberger’s Travels, ib.; titles of works announced by the historiographer Paschal, his works at his death amounting to six pages, ib.; by Gregorio Leti, ib.; forgeries of Testaments Politiques, ib.; pretended translations, 134; Travels of Rabbi Benjamin, ib.; by Annius Viterbo, ib.; by Joseph Vella, who pretended to have recovered seventeen of the lost books of Livy, 135; by Medina Condé, 136; by George Psalmanazar, ib.; Lauder’s, 137; Ireland’s, ib.; by a learned Hindu, ib.; anecdotes concerning, 138.

Literary Journals, i. 12; originated with the Journal de Sçavans, by Denis de Sallo, counsellor in the Parliament of Paris, 13; Nouvelles de la République des Lettres, published by Bayle in 1684—continued by Bernard, and afterwards by Basnage in his Histoire des Ouvrages de Sçavans, 15; Le Clerc’s Bibliothèques Universelle et Historique, Choisie, and Ancienne et Moderne, ib.; Apostolo Zeno’s Giornale de Litterati d’Italia, ib.; Bibliothèque Germanique, 16; Bibliothèque Britannique, ib.; Journal Britannique by Dr. Maty, ib.; Review conducted by Maty, jun., 16; Mémoire des Trévoux, ib.; Journal Littéraire, ib.; Memoirs of Literature and Present State of the Republic of Letters, the best early English, ib.; monthly, ib.

Lollards, oath against them enforced upon sheriffs until reign of Charles I., iii. 447; repealed by the political feeling of Coke, ib.

Longolius, or Longueil, composed a biographical parallel between Budæus and Erasmus, iii. 425.

Lorenzo de’ Medici, effect of his death, ii. 436.

Louis the Eighth, singular anecdote of the cause of his death, ii. 32.

Louis the Eleventh, anecdote of, ii. 10, 11.

Louis the Twelfth, cause of his death, ii. 34.

Louis the Fourteenth, chose his courtiers by the rules of physiognomy, i. 148; some remarks on his real character, ii, 449; passages suppressed in his instruction to the Dauphin, 450.

Louis L’Abé, the Aspasia of Lyons, i. 362; wrote the morality of “Love and Folly,” ib.

Loups-garoux, iii. 293.

Lucullus, description of the library of, i. 3.

Luke, Sir Samuel, the true prototype of Hudibras, ii. 491, and note.

Lunsford, Colonel, imputed a cannibal, iii. 149, note.

Luther, Martin, remarks on, and extracts from, his controversial writings, i. 308, 309; caricatures on, 309, note; Jansenist character of, 374; anecdote of, from Guicciardini, ii. 479, 480; his political conduct, iii. 144.

Luynes, Duc de, his origin, ii. 11.

Luxury, in dress, an old dramatist’s opinion on, iii. 400; doctrines of political economy concerning, 401; excessive amongst our ancestors, ib.; the Pas de Sandricourt, 402-405; ruinous in the reigns of Elizabeth, James I., and Charles I., 405.

Mabbe, James, translator of “Guzman” and “Celestina,” Spanish plays, ii. 501; Ben Jonson’s verses in praise of, ib.

Machiavel discovered the secret of comparative history, iii. 179.

Mackenzie, Sir George, notice of his Treatise on Solitude, ii. 50.

Mad-song, specimen of an ancient, ii. 315.

Magic, instances of many learned men accused of, i. 27-29; Solomon accounted an adept in, 122.

Magius, Charles, a noble Venetian, iii. 136; his travels and adventures contained in a volume of paintings, ib.; detailed description of, 137-141.

Magliabechi, Anthony, celebrated for his great knowledge of books, i. 394; description of him and his mode of life, 394-397.

Maii, the discoverer of Cicero’s treatise de Republica, i. 18, and note.

Maillard, Oliver, a famous cordelier and preacher, i. 252.

Maine, Duc de, instituted the Journal de Trévoux, iii. 230; and the Dictionary of Trévoux, ib.

Maintenon, Madame de, marries Scarron, i. 424; corrects his style, ib.

Malherbe, his love of Horace, iii. 340.

Malignants, iii. 86.

Man of one book, iii. 337-340.

Mandrake, i. 246.

Manners, anecdotes of European, ii. 30-39; domestic, among the English, 42-44.

Manuscripts, more valued by the Romans than vases of gold, i. 2; two thousand collected by Trithemius, abbot of Spanheim, who died 1516, 7; recovery of, 17-24; of the classics, disregarded and mutilated by the monks, 18; researches for, at the restoration of letters, 19; great numbers imported from Asia, 20; of Quintilian discovered by Poggio under a heap of rubbish, ib.; of Tacitus found in a Westphalian monastery, ib.; of Justinian’s code found in a city of Calabria, ib.; loss of, ib.; unfair use made of by learned men, 22; anecdotes concerning, 22-25; of Galileo, partly destroyed by his wife’s confessor, 28; ancient, frequently adorned with portraits of the authors, 42; destruction of, at the Reformation, 51; of Lord Mansfield destroyed in the riots of 1780, and of Dr. Priestley by the mob at Birmingham, 53; loss of many of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu’s letters, 54; loss of letters addressed to Peiresc, ib.; of Leonardo da Vinci, ib.; anecdotes of manuscripts of several celebrated works, 375-377; description of the ancient adornments of, ii. 28; of Pope’s versions of the Iliad and Odyssey, 110; of Sir Matthew Hale, bequeathed to Lincoln’s Inn, to avoid their mutilation by the licensers of the press, 220; slaves employed to copy, 398; of the Vision of Alberico, preserved in the king’s library at Paris, 422: of Galileo’s annotations on Tasso, 444; destruction of Hugh Broughton’s, by Speed, 445; destruction of Leland’s, by Polydore Vergil, ib.; dilapidation of the Harleian, 446; suppression of one relating to Sixtus IV. by Fabroni, ib.; of the Marquis of Halifax suppressed, 447; Earl of Pulteney’s and Earl of Anglesea’s MS. Memoirs suppressed, ib.; anecdotes of the suppression of various, 448-452; mutilators of, 448; of Oldys’s, iii. 493.

Marana, John Paul, author of the Turkish Spy, i. 377-379.

Marbles, presenting representations of natural forms, i. 244-247.

Mare Clausum, written by Selden in answer to the Mare Liberum of Grotius, ii. 80; copies preserved in the chest of the Exchequer and in the Court of Admiralty, ib.

Marionettes, improved by the English, iii. 238.

Marlborough, the great Duke of (See Blenheim), account of his wealth, iii. 108.

Marolles, Abbé de, a most egregious scribbler, i. 350; wrote his own memoirs, 351; good advice in the postscript to the epistle dedicatory of that work, ib.; his memoirs, ii. 538; anecdote of him and De L’Etang, a critic, 539; notices of his voluminous works, ib.; his magnificent collection of prints, 541.

Marot, Clement, his character, ii. 474; his translation of the Psalms, ib.; sung to the airs of popular ballads, 476; his Psalms the fashion, 477; edition published by Theodore Beza, set to music, ib.; his Psalms declared Lutheran, and himself forced to fly to Geneva, ib.

Mar-Prelate, the book suppressed, ii. 453.

Masks, worn by Italian actors, ii. 124.

Massinger a student of the Italian drama, ii. 138.

Masques, notices of magnificent, in the time of Charles I., ii. 327; the farewell masque of the Duke of Buckingham, 369; mistaken notions of commentators regarding, iii. 5; their real nature, 7, 8, 9; description of the masque of Night and the Hours, 10; their ultimate ruin, by their splendour, at the court of Louis XIV., 13, note.

Massillon, i. 250.

Master of the Ceremonies, created by James the First, ii. 196.

Masterly Imitators, i. 258-261.

Matrimony, its suitableness to learned men considered, i. 332-334; opinions of Sir Thomas Browne upon, 335; not borne out by his practice, ib.

Maximilian the First, founds a poetical college at Vienna, i. 456.

Meals, hours of, ii. 315.

Medal, struck by the Catholics to commemorate the massacre of the Huguenots, iii. 249.

Medals, satiric, used as money in the Saturnalia, iii. 151; modern applications of, 158-160.

Medicine and Morals, considerations on their connection, ii. 464-469; connection of the mind with the body, 470.

Medina Conde, forges deeds and inscriptions to benefit the Church, i. 136; sold a bracelet to the Morocco ambassador, as part of the treasure of the last Moorish king, yet in fact fabricated by himself, ib.

Memoirs, remarks on their interest as compared with history, i. 462.

Mendelssohn, anecdote of, i. 392.

Mendicity, punished among the Jews and nations of antiquity, i. 199, 200; first made a trade of by liberated Christian slaves, 201; punishment of in China, 202.

Menot, Michael, a celebrated preacher, specimen of his sermons, i. 256.

Mental Disorders, singular mode of cure of, ii. 466; remarkable anecdotes of, 468-470.

Metempsychosis, doctrines of, advocated in the present age, i. 192; notion long extant in Greece before the time of Pythagoras, ib.; taught by the Egyptians, ib.; entertained by many Eastern nations and by the Druids, ib.; Welsh system of, explained by Sharon Turner, 193; believed in Mexico, 194; Plutarch’s description of, ib.

Michael Angelo, anecdote of, i. 258.

Mignard, a celebrated painter, curious anecdote concerning, i. 258, 259.

Milton, his controversy with Salmasius and Morus conducted with mutual revilings, i. 152, 153; absurdly criticised by Bentley, 370-373; indebted to Andreini for the first idea of Paradise Lost, ii. 141; his works suffered at the hands of both Royalist and Republican licensers, 223; his Areopagitica, 225; a passage in his History of England suppressed, but preserved in a pamphlet, 448; his Comus escaped the destruction of the Bridgewater papers, 451; the story of him and the Italian lady, probably an invention of George Steevens, iii. 299; copied from a French story purporting to be of the 15th century, 300.

Milliners’bills, ancient and modern, ii. 39.

Mimes, Arch-mime followed the body of Vespasian at his funeral, iii. 120.

Mimi, an impudent race of buffoons, ii. 120; harlequin, a Roman mime, 121, and note.

Ministers, origin of the term as applied to the pastors of Christian churches, i. 128; palaces built by, notices of several, iii. 186-192; Sir Robert Walpole’s remarks on the imprudence of their erecting such, 193; yet builds one himself, ib.

Minstrels, ancient and modern, pickpockets, ii. 146, note.

Mishna, see Talmud.

Missals, gross adornments of, i. 366.

Modern stories and plots, many derived from the East, i. 111, 112.

Modes of salutation in various nations, ii. 12.

Monk, General, anecdote of him and his wife, i. 468; his conduct towards Charles II. at his landing, iii. 389.

Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley, suppression of her MSS., ii. 450.

Montfleury, a French actor, death of, i. 248.

Montluc, Bishop of Valence, his negotiations for the election of the Duke of Anjou as King of Poland, iii. 349-362.

Moraliities, see Mysteries and Moralities.

Morality of “Every Man,” referred by Percy to the class of tragedy, ii. 278.

More, Doctor, his extravagant Platonic opinions, i. 216.

Morus, controversy of Salmasius with Milton, continued by, with mutual abuse, i. 153.

Music, use of, in discovering indispositions by the voice, i. 151; influence of, in the cure of diseases, 269-271; effect of, on animals, 272-274.

Mutilations commonly practised in the middle ages, ii. 311.

Mysteries, Ancient, bibliographical note of such as are printed, i. 352, note; one still performed in Bavaria, i. 360, note.

Mysteries and Moralities introduced by pilgrims, i. 352; subsequently distinguished characters actors in, 353; performed in open plains, ib.; indulgence granted to frequenters of, ib.; at Chester, ib.; singular anecdotes concerning a mystery, 354; specimens from French mysteries, 355; observations of Bayle and Warton on, 357; distinguished from each other, ib.; specimen of a morality, 358; moralities allegorical dramas, ib.; passion of René d’Anjou for, 360; triple stage used for representation of, 361; anecdote relating to an English mystery, ib.; morality of “Love and Folly,” 362; at Kendal, Yorkshire, iii. 442; usually performed in the festival of Corpus Christi, ib., note.

Names, anecdotes relating to, and to their effect on mankind, ii. 65-75; orthography of proper, ii. 237-239; names of our streets, 239-243.

Names, significance of Roman, ii. 75, note.

Nardi, his history of Florence, iii. 181.

Natural Productions resembling artificial compositions, i. 244-246.

Neal, his account of the Nonconformists, iii. 240.

Needham, Marchmont, the great patriarch of newspaper writers, i. 158; short account of, ib.

Neology, or the novelty of new words and phrases, remarks on, iii. 23; Neological Dictionary proposed by Lord Chesterfield, 26; not always to be condemned, 27; examples of the introduction of various new words in French and English, 28-32; the term “fatherland” introduced by the author, 31; picturesque words, 32.

Nerli, Philip, his “Commentarj de Fatti Civili,” iii. 182.

Newcastle, Margaret, Duchess of, celebrated among literary wives, i. 327-337; her account of her husband’s mode of life, ii. 38, 39.

Newspapers, forged, and used unsuspectingly by historians, i. 156, note.

Newspapers, originated in Italy, i. 155; called Gazettas, ib.; first a Venetian, published monthly, ib.; circulated in manuscript, ib.; prohibited by Gregory XIII., ib.; first English, 156; much used by the English during the Civil Wars of Cromwell, and notices of these, 157-159; origin of, in France, 160; first daily one after the Restoration, ib.; only one daily, in the reign of Queen Anne, ib.; union between them and literary periodicals, opinions expressed on, ib.

Newton, remarks on, iii. 413.

Niccoli, Nicholas, founded the first public library in Italy, i. 4.

Nicknames, use of, practised by political parties, iii. 80; instances of many, 81-89; serve to heat the minds of the people, 83; of various Parliaments, 85; effect of, on ministers, 89.

Nobility, conduct of kings towards, ii. 11, 12.

Noblemen turned critics, pair of anecdotes concerning, i. 131.

Nominalists and Realists, i. 312.

Nostrodamus, consulted by Catherine de’ Medici, i. 279.

Novels, the successors of romances, i. 450; Adam Smith’s favourable opinion of, ib.

Numerical Figures, of Indian origin, i. 276; introduction of Arabic, 277; Roman, ib.; origin of Roman, ib.; falsification of Arabic, 278.

Obscurity, in style, taught by a professor, i. 401; Lycophron possessed this taste, 402; defence of, by Thomas Anglus, ib.; Gravina’s observations on, ib.

Old Age, progress of, in new studies, i. 98; remark of Adam Smith, on resumption of former studies in, ib.

Oldys, a literary antiquary, iii. 493; caricature of, by Grose, 495; released from the fleet by the Duke of Norfolk, and made Norroy King at Arms, ib., and note; author of the anacreontic, “Busy, curious, thirsty fly,” 496; placed in the library of the Earl of Oxford, 497; his integrity, ib., and note; his literary labours, 497-499; his life of Rawleigh, 499; history of his two annotated copies of Langbaine, 502; fate of his MSS., 503; his diaries, 504; his readiness to aid others with his knowledge, 506; his Dissertation on English Poetry curtailed by the bookseller, 507; extracts from his diaries, 508-511; his intended Life of Shakspeare, 509; anecdote of him and Pope, 511.

Olivetan Bible, iii. 155.

Opinions, suppressed, modes of expressing them in ancient and modern times, iii. 150; in the Saturnalia, ib.; by carvings and illuminations, 152; preceding the Reformation, 153; instance of the Olivetan Bible, 155; by medals and prints, 156.

Orchis, Bee and Fly, i. 245.

Ordeals, i. 161-166.

Ordinaries, the “Hells” of the 17th century, ii. 165; description of the arts practised at, 165-167.

Orobio, his description of his imprisonment in the Inquisition, i. 167.

Orthography of proper names, ii. 261; of the name of Shakespeare, ii. 238, note; of Sir Walter Raleigh, iii. 111.

Osman, Sultan, promotes his gardener, ii. 10.

Oxford, Edward Vere, Earl of, his secret history, ii. 243-245.

Palaces built by ministers, iii. 186-192.

Palingenesis.—See Regeneration.

Palmer, the actor, his death, i. 249.

Pamphlets, sketch of Myles Davis’s history of, i. 343; origin and rise of, 344; one pretended to have been composed by Jesus Christ, ib.; Alexander Pope denounced as a plotter in a, 345; etymologies of the word, 345-347.

Pantomime, French verses in praise of, and translation of, ii. 116; Cervantes and Bayle’s delight in, 116, 117; harlequin, 119; of the lower Italians in their gestures, ib.; treatises on, 121; transmitted from the Romans, 123; improvement of, by Ruzzante, 124; the history of a people traced in, 125; description of the various characters in Italian, 126.

Pantomimi, tragic actors usually mute, ii. 120; Seneca’s taste for, ib.; their influence over the Roman people, 121.

Pantomimical Characters. See Pantomime; Massinger and Molière indebted to, ii. 138; remarks on Shakspeare’s “Pantaloon,” 139.

Paper, among the ancients, ii. 27, 28; introduction into England, 29; various sorts of modern, ib.

Paracelsus, his receipt for making a fairy, iii. 286, 287.

Paradise Lost, prose and verse versions of, i. 305.

Parisian Massacre, apology for, iii. 255-260, 352.

Park, Mungo, his book interpolated and altered by his editor, Bryan Edwards, ii. 453.

Parker, Bishop of Oxford, iii. 279, note.

Parodies, anecdote relating to, ii. 453; resembles mimicry, 454; not made in derision, ib.; practised by the ancients, 455; ancient, of Homer, ib.; modern, 456; dramatic, anecdotes of modern, 458-460; legitimate use of, ib.

Parpaillots, or Parpirolles, iii. 82.

Particular Providence, various opinions on, ii. 428-431; the granting a free-conduct to Luther, by Charles V., possibly one, 432.

Pasquin and Marforio, account of, i. 208.

Pasquinades, origin of, and instances of several, i. 208.

Patrons, their treatment of authors, i. 82; anecdotes regarding, 83, 84; opinion of Dr. Johnson upon, 83.

Paulus Jovius, description of the country-house and collections of statues, books, and portraits belonging to, i. 45; description of the villa built by, iii. 397.

Pazzi, Cavaliero, founder of the Accademia Colombaria, ii. 483.

Peg-tankards, ii. 296, and note.

Peiresc, a man of incessant literary occupations, and an enthusiast in the importation of exotic plants, ii. 151; anecdotes of, iii. 409.

Pembroke, Anne, Countess of, designed a history of her family, iii. 421.

Perfumery and costly washes, introduced into England by the Earl of Oxford, i. 225.

Petitions, to Parliament against the Drama, ii. 289; mock, ib.

Petitioners and Abhorrers, iii. 87.

Petrach, formula used at his coronation with the Laurel Crown, i. 455; his passion for literary composition, ii. 592; his Laura, iii. 309.

Pictorial Biography.—See Magius.

Pisistratus, the first projector amongst the Greeks of a collection of the works of the learned, i. 2.

Philip the First of Spain, i. 469; his marriage with Mary of England, ib.; sought Queen Elizabeth in marriage, 470; offered himself to three different sisters-in-law, ib.; his advice to his son, ib.; his death-bed, ib.; his epitaph, 471.

Philosophy, dreams at the dawn of, iii. 280-290; mechanical fancies, 291, 292; inquiries after prodigies, 293; further anecdotes of, 294-296.

Physiognomy, credited by Louis XIV. and James I., i. 148, 149.

Picart, his impostures innocentes, i. 259.

Pictures belonging to Charles I., ii. 332, 333.

Pinamonti, his book on the eternal punishments, i. 204, note.

Pinelli, his great library, and its partial destruction, i. 57, and note.

Plagiarism, in printed sermons, i. 400; a professor of, ib.

Plants, presenting representations of natural forms, i. 245.

Plantyn the printer, and his office at Antwerp, i. 77, note.

Platina, his account of his persecution and tortures, for having been a member of the “Academy” at Rome, ii. 486.

Plato, Aristotle studied under, i. 143; parallel between him and Aristotle, ib.; contest between him and Aristotle, 144; the model of the moderns who profess to be anti-poetical, 433; a true poet himself, ib.

Platonism, modern, originated among the Italians, i. 213; system of, by Gemisthus Pletho, ib.; professed by a Mr. Thomas Taylor, 215; by a scholar in the reign of Louis XII., 216; by Dr. More, ib.

Pletho, or Gemisthus, a remarkable modern professor of Platonism, i. 213.

Platts or Plots, theatrical discovery of curious ones at Dulwich College, and remarks upon, ii. 138-140; see Scenario.

Plott, Dr., his project of a tour, iii. 292.

Plunder, etymology of, iii. 87, and note.

Poets, Plato’s description of the feelings of, in the Phædon, i. 433; opinions of various learned men on the works of, 433; remarks on the habits of, 434, 435; behaviour of Frederic King of Prussia (father of the Great Frederic) to, 436; different conduct of other kings towards, 437; honours paid to, in the early stage of poetry, ib.; anecdote of Margaret of Scotland and Alain the poet, 438; opinions of the pious on the works of, ib.; too frequently merely poets, 439; hints to young, 440; to veteran, ib.; mistresses of, 441; change their opinions of their productions, ib.; antiquity of the custom of crowning, 454; abolished in the reign of Theodosius, ib.; regal, 457; condemned, ii. 303-308; laureat, see Laureats.

Poetical Garland, i. 247.

Poetical imitations and similarities, ii. 92-113.

Point-device, etymology of, iii. 188, and note.

Poland, history of the election of the Duke of Anjou as King of, iii. 346-363.

Polichinello.—See Punch.

Politian, Angelo, a polished Italian writer of the 15th century, i. 457; his dedicatory epistle, prefixed to his epistles, 458.

Political Nicknames, iii. 80-90.

Political Reports, false maxim on the efficacy of, ii. 438; ancient instances, ib.; of the battle of Lutzen, 439; on the battle of the Boyne, ib.; other anecdotes, modern and ancient, of the effect of, 440-443.

Political Religionism, illustrations of its effects, iii. 238-244.

Political Prognostics.—See Predictions. Dugdale hastened his labours in anticipation of the disorders of the Rebellion, iii. 261.

Political Parallels, iii. 267.

Polydore Vergil, a destroyer of MSS., ii. 445.

Pomponius Lætus, in the 15th century raised altars to Romulus, ii. 485; chief of the “Academy” at Rome, 486.

Pope, his manuscripts, ii. 110; passage from, with the various alterations, 111, 112; Dr. Johnson’s memorandum of hints for the life of, 381; anecdote of, iii. 397.