Adams, John, on American Peace Commission, 9 et seq.; personal characteristics, 10; negotiates commerical treaty with the Netherlands, 11; on fisheries question, 13-14; on settlement of commercial indebtedness, 14-15; on granting compensation to Loyalists, 20; complains of trade restriction for New England, 26.
Adams, Samuel, and the Constitution, 151, 152.
Albany Congress (1754), 49, 50.
Annapolis Trade Convention (1786), 100-106.
Anti-Federalist party, 147.
Articles of Confederation, adoption (1777), 49-50; ratification (1781), 50, 57-59; based on Franklin’s plan of Union, 51-52; provisions, 52-54, 67-68, 86, 100; questions of land ownership delay ratification, 56-57, 58; financial power of Congress under, 86; failure of Commercial amendment of 1784, 99; relation of Constitution, 125, 131, 144; defects corrected in Constitution, 142; attempt at revision, 144-145; text, 175-189.
Assenisipia, 69.

Bancroft, George, History of the Formation of the Constitution, cited, 103 (note).
Biddle, Charles, Autobiography, on the Constitution, 141.
Bowdoin, James, Governor of Massachusetts, and Shays’ Rebellion, 94, 95.
Bryce, Lord, cited, 13 (note).

Cambridge (Mass.), Shays’ Rebellion at, 94.
Canada, Loyalists go to, 19; Articles of Confederation on admitting, 67.
Channing, Edward, History of the United States, cited, 21 (note), 61 (note).
Cherronesus, 69.
Combe, George, Tour of the United States, quoted, 45.
Commerce, before Revolution, 24; conditions after Revolution, 24-27; commercial treaties, 26; development of trade with Far East, 28; phases of United States foreign trade, 28-29; domestic trade, 29-30; policy of reprisal, 97-99.
Committees of Correspondence, 49.
Confederation, the, 35 et seq., 108; see also Articles of Confederation.
Congress, Continental, advises States to adopt governments, 38; prints constitutions, 41; Declaration of Independence, 49, 63, 143-144, 167-174; Articles of Confederation, 49-50, 51, see also Articles of Confederation; Franklin’s plan of union, 50-51; composition, 85; financial problems, 85-86.
Congress, Federal, 52-53; powers and duties, 53-54; and Northwest Territory, 62; national system of coinage, 63-64; Land Ordinance (1785), 64-66, 71; Jefferson’s Ordinance of 1784, 69-71, 75; Ordinance of 1787, 72-80, 190-200; inefficiency, 81-84, 127; Revenue Amendment, 87; financial crisis, 87-88; commercial amendment of 1784, 98-99; calls Federal Convention, 106; reception of Constitution, 145-146; votes that presidential electors be chosen (1788), 63.
Congress, United States, Constitutional powers and limitations, 127-129, 130, 131, 136; objection to excessive power of, 161; revenue act (1789), 159.
Connecticut, State government, 44; ratification of Constitution, 149-150.
Constitution, development of, 108 et seq., 125 et seq.; great compromise of, 121-123, 127; transmitted to Congress, 145-146; contest over ratification, 146 et seq.; framed by propertied interests, 162-163; text, 201-218; bibliography, 221-222.
Cook, Captain James, 28.
Cornwallis, General Edward, surrender at Yorktown (1781), 5.
Crevècœur, letter to Jefferson, 165.
Cutler, Manasseh, 73-74.

Day, Clive, Encyclopedia of American Government, cited, 26 (note).
Declaration of Independence, adopted, 49; Jefferson drafts, 63; charges against the King, 143-144; text, 167-174.
Delaware, and western land policy, 57; Annapolis Trade Convention, 100; ratification of Constitution, 149.
Dickerson, Senator, of New Jersey, quoted, 78.
Dickerson, John, chairman of committee to prepare Articles of Confederation, 49, 51, 114; against centralized government, 114; District of Columbia, fear of a fortified stronghold, 161.
Duer, Colonel William, 74.
Dunn, J. P., Jr., Indiana: A Redemption from Slavery, quoted, 71.
Dunning, W. A., The British Empire and the United States, cited, 13 (note).

Elliot’s Debates on the Federal Constitution, cited, 160 (note).
Ellsworth, Oliver, delegate to the Federal Convention, 115, 124; on slavery, 130; report on Rhode Island’s ratification of the Constitution, 159.
England, see Great Britain. Executive, see president.

Federal Convention, 106-107, 108 et seq.; Records, cited, 30 (note).
Federalist, The, 157.
Federalist party, 147.
Finance, question of settlement of debts, 14-15, 147-148; conditions of currency, 31-32; national system of coinage, 63-64; Revenue Amendment, 87; financial crisis, 87-88; revenue act (1789), 159.
Fish, C. R., American Diplomacy, quoted, 27.
Fisheries, 13-14, 25.
Fiske, John, The Critical Period of American History, quoted, 81.
France, attitude toward United States, 4-5; relationship of United States with, 6-8; treaty with United States (1778), 7; excludes United States shipping, 26-27.
Franklin, Benjamin, authorized to negotiate consular convention with France, 5; on Peace Commission, 8-9, 11-12, 21; personal characteristics, 9; on settlement of debts, 14; Albany plan, 50; presents plan of Union to Continental Congress (1775), 50-52; in Federal Convention, 113, 120; on the new republic, 134-135; personal charge against, 161; bibliography, 222.
French and Indian War, effect on settlement, 56.

Georgia, ratification of Constitution, 149.
Germany, American missionary societies, 3.
Gerry, Elbridge, 115, 132, 135.
Gorham, Nathaniel, 113-114, 124.
Grayson, William, of Virginia, 64; quoted, 76-77.
Great Britain, attitude toward former colonies, 3; American missionary societies, 3; admits independence of colonies, 6; France and, 7; Spain and, 7; and United States boundary lines, 12-13; and fisheries, 13-14; relation to American trade, 24-28, 97-98; compact theory of government in, 39; military posts retained by, 84-85.
Grinsby, H. B., quoted, 15-16.

Hamilton, Alexander, at Annapolis Trade Convention, 104, 105; personal characteristics, 104-105; at Federal Convention, 115-116, 120; on Committee to revise constitution, 140; and The Federalist, 156-157; influence in New York convention, 157; bibliography, 222.
Hancock, John, 150, 151-152.
Henry, Prince, of Prussia, approached on subject of becoming king of United States, 134.
Henry Patrick, 61, 63, 155.
Hopkinson, letter to Jefferson, 161.
Hutchins, Thomas, Geographer of the United States, 64.

Illinoia, 69.
Illinois admitted as State (1818), 79.
Independent Gazetteer, The, 156.
Indian Queen Tavern, delegates to Federal Convention at, 109.
Indiana admitted as a State (1816), 79.

Jameson, J. F., quoted, 59-60.
Jay, John, on reciprocity of consular convention with France, 5; Peace Commissioner, 10, 11; personal characteristics, 10-11; sent to Spain, 11; on settlement of debts, 15; on compensation to Loyalists, 20; and The Federalist, 156-157.
Jefferson, Ferdinand, quoted, 174.
Jefferson, Thomas, on Peace Commission, 10; and land policy, 62-64; life and characteristics, 62-63; Ordinance of 1784, 67, 69-71, 75; on value of Continental scrip, 88-89; opinion of Federal Convention, 109, 116; spokesman for colonies, 143; on ratification of Constitution, 152; Hopkinson’s letter to, 161; Crèvocœur’s letter to, 165; bibliography, 222.
Jefferson’s Ordinance of 1784, see Ordinance of 1784.
Jennifer, Daniel of St. Thomas, 153-154.
Johnson, Dr., W. S., 115, 140.
Judiciary, 131-133.

Kames, Lord, Franklin corresponds with, 6.
Kent, Chancellor, 61.
Kercheval, Samuel, History of the Valley of Virginia, quoted, 33-34.
King, Rufus, in Federal Convention, 113, 132, 140; on three-fifths rule, 122; on form of executive, 134.
Knox, Henry, 61.

Lafayette, Marquis de, Washington’s letter to, 164-165.
La Luzerne, Chevalier de, French minister in Philadelphia, 7.
Land, question of ownership of western, 56-57; cession to United States by States, 58-59; American interest in, 59-62; Jefferson and land policy, 62-64; plan for sale under Ordinance of 1785, 65-66.
Land Ordinance of 1785, 64-65, 71.
Lansing, John, 116.
Laurens, Henry, 10.
Lecky, W. E. H., The American Revolution, cited, 32 (note).
Lincoln, General Benjamin, and Shays’ Rebellion, 94; letter to Washington, 152-153.
Lingelbach, W. E., cited, 3 (note).
Loyalists, question of compensation of, 16-17, 19-20; groups comprising, 17; treatment of, 18-19; Commissioners agree to restitution, 20.