Talbot, Lord, defeats the Burgundians, 313;
becomes Earl of Shrewsbury, 320;
defeated and slain, 323.
Tallages levied by Edward I., 221;
abolished by Edward III., 243.
Taxation, see Danegeld, Customs.
Templars, the Knights, 157.
Tewkesbury, battle of, 334.
Thames, the, early ferry over, 20.
Thanet, probable identification of Ictis with, 8;
Jutes established in, 27.
Thegns, how distinguished from Gesiths, 31;
their devotion to their lord, 44;
growing military importance of, 69.
Theodore, Archbishop, his influence on the Church of England, 50;
assembles the first Church Council, 52.
Thetford, removal of the see from, 107.
Thomas of London (Becket), Chancellor, 140;
being appointed Archbishop of Canterbury, resists Henry II., 143;
takes refuge in France, 145;
returns to England, 149;
is murdered, 150.
Thurstan, Archbishop, leads the levies at the Battle of the Standard, 132.
Tiberias, battle of, 157.
Tin, Phœnician and Greek trade in, 8.
Tinchebrai, battle of, 125.
Tintern Abbey, 129.
Togidumnus, death of, 13.
Tostig, Earl of North-humberland, 89;
driven from his earldom, 90;
allied to Harold Hardrada, 94;
killed at Stamford Bridge, 96.
Touraine conquered by Philip II., 176.
Towns, growth of, 62, 72, 168;
condition of the outskirts of, 191.
Townships, early political organisation of, 31.
Towton, battle of, 329.
Trade, see Commerce.
Transition from round-arched to Pointed architecture, 171.
Travelling modes of, 273.
Treasons, Statute of, 250.
Trent, the Anglian occupation of the Valley of, 36.
Tresilian, Chief Justice, hanged, 280.
Trinobantes, the geographical position of, 8;
side with Cæsar, 11;
submit to Cunobelin, 12.
Troyes, the Treaty of, 306.
Tudor, Owen, marries the widow of Henry V., 335.
Tumblers, 275.
Tyre in danger, 157.

Universities, growth of, 167.
Urban II., Pope, supported by Lanfranc, 118;
preaches a Crusade, 120.
Uriconium, see Viriconium.

Valence, William de, resists the Provisions of Oxford, 199.
Val-ès-dunes, battle of, 88.
Verneuil, battle of, 308.
Verulamium, Roman city at, 19;
martyrdom of St. Alban at, 23.
Vicar, meaning of the term, 129.
Villages, arrangements of, 75.
Villeins, the, uncertain origin of, 31;
increase of, 69;
position of, after the Norman conquest, 102;
partial commutation of the services of, 168;
effect of the Black Death upon, 248;
insurrection of, 268;
take refuge in towns, 275;
land ceases to be cultivated by, 320, 321.
Viriconium, Roman colony at, 14.
Vortigern establishes Jutes in Thanet, 27.

Wakefield, battle of, 328.
Wales reduced by Harold, 90;
Flemish settlement in, 128;
conquered by Edward I., 210;
marches of, ib.;
supports Richard II., 285.
Wallace, William, rises against Edward I., 221;
execution of, 222.
Wallingford, Treaty of, 137.
Walls, the Roman, 17.
Walter Map, 167.
Waltheof, Earl of Northamptonshire and Huntingdonshire, 90;
is beheaded, 110.
Wanborough, Ceawlin defeated at, 36.
War-band, the, composed of Gesiths, 30.
Warbeck, Perkin, insurrection of, 350-352;
execution of, 354.
Wardship, nature of the lord's claim to, 116;
results of the system, 330.
Wars of the Roses, origin of the name of, 324;
state of society during, 330.
Warwick, Earl of, opposes Richard II., 279;
banishment of, 282.
Warwick, Earl of (son of the Duke of Clarence), imprisonment of, 343;
execution of, 354.
Warwick, Richard Beauchamp, Earl of, regent in France, 313.
Warwick, Richard Nevill, Earl of (the King-maker), influence of, 324;
retires to Calais, and comes back and defeats the Lancastrians at Northampton, 326;
estranged from Edward IV., 332;
is reconciled to Queen Margaret, 333;
restores Henry VI., and is defeated and slain at Barnet, 334.
Wat Tyler, insurrection of, 268, 269.
Wedmore, Peace of (the so-called), 59.
Welsh, the, speak a language derived from that of the Britons, 7;
origin of their name, 31;
adopt the name Kymry, 37;
defeated by Æthelfrith near Chester, 43;
split up into three divisions, ib.;
driven out of Somerset, 53;
their relations with Ecgberht, 56;
see Wales.
Weregild, system of, 32.
Wessex, gradual formation of, 28, 34, 35;
is weakened by internal quarrels, 41;
accepts Christianity, 48;
growing unity of, 53;
causes of the supremacy of, 55;
an earldom under Godwine and Harold, 84, 89.
West Saxons, the, first conquests of, 28;
defeated at Mount Badon, ib.;
occupy Salisbury Plain, 34;
wage war with the men of Kent and with the Britons of the Severn Valley, 35;
are defeated at Faddiley, ib.;
see Wessex.
West Wales split off from other Welsh territory, 42.
Westminster Abbey, consecration of, 91;
coronation of William I. in, 100.
White Ship, the, wreck of, 129.
Wilfrid supports Papal authority, 50.
William I. (the Conqueror) declared heir of Eadward the Confessor, 88;
his rule in Normandy, ib.;
claims the crown from Harold, 91;
lands at Pevensey, and defeats Harold at Senlac, 96-98;
crowned at Westminster, 100;
progress of his conquest, 101-103;
devastates the Vale of York, 103;
subdues Hereward, and receives Malcolm's submission, 104;
his method of keeping English and Normans in subjection, 104-106;
his relations with the Church, 106-110;
suppresses the Rising of the Earls, 110;
lays waste the New Forest, ib.;
has Domesday Book prepared, 111;
receives oaths at Salisbury, 113;
death of, 114.
William II. (Rufus) is crowned King of England, 114;
is supported by the English against Robert, 115;
character of, ib.;
his treatment of Anselm, 117;
his quarrels with his brothers, 118;
his relations with Scotland, 119;
suppresses Mowbray's rebellion, 120;
last years of, 121;
is murdered, 122.
William, son of Henry I., wrecked, 129.
William Clito, son of Robert, 129.
William Longbeard, 169, 170.
William of Malmesbury, 129.
William of Newburgh, 167.
William the Lion, king of Scotland, acknowledges himself to be a vassal of Henry II., 154;
frees himself from vassalage, 159.
Winchelsey, Archbishop, 221.
Winchester, secular canons driven out of 68;
burial of William II. at, 122;
Stephen chosen king at, 131.
Winwæd, the battle of, 48.
Witenagemot, the, constitution of, 45;
discussion on the acceptance of Christianity in, 46;
constitutional powers of, 74;
becomes the Great Council, 113;
see Great Council, the.
Women, education of, in the Middle Ages, 65.
Wonderful Parliament, the, 280.
Worcester, secular canons driven from, 68.
Wroxeter, see Viriconium.
Wulfhere maintains the independence of Mercia, 48.
Wycliffe, John, his doctrines, 261;
summoned before an ecclesiastical court at St. Paul's, 262;
sends out 'poor priests,' and renounces transubstantiation, 266;
retires, and dies, 269.
Wykeham, William of, deprived of the Chancellorship, 260;
restored to the Council, and again dismissed, 262.

Yarmouth supports Stephen, 134.
York (see Eboracum) submits to Harold Hardrada, 95;
taken by William I., 102;
devastation of the Vale of, 103;
massacre of Jews at, 160.
York Archbishop of, his right to crown a king questioned, 149.
York, Archbishopric of, founded, 46.
York, Duke of Edmund (son of Edward III.), joins Henry IV., 285.
York, Richard, Duke of, (father of Edward IV.), is regent in France, 313;
governs Ireland, 319;
first Protectorate of, 323;
second Protectorate of, 324;
driven to Ireland, 326;
claims the throne, 327;
defeated and slain, 328.
York, Richard, Duke of (son of Edward IV.), lodged in the Tower, 341;
murdered, 342.