• Alberoni, Julio Abbé (afterwards cardinal), Prime Minister of Spain, deceives Madame des Ursins as to the character of Elizabeth Farnese, 270-289;
  • his representation of that most ambitious princess as “a jolly Parmesane fattened upon cheese and butter,” 291;
  • concerts with the Princess of Parma the ruin of Madame des Ursins, 292;
  • belonged to the intrepid race of political gamesters, 294.
• Amelot, the President, nominated ambassador for Spain by Madame des Ursins, 191.
• Anne of Austria (mother of Louis XIV.), an example among all queens, and almost among all women, of constancy in adversity, 17;
  • her reception of Mazarin after his exile, 18.
• Anne, Queen of England, her feeling towards the Whigs purely official, and not a genuine sympathy, 206;
  • she secretly leans towards the Tories, as defender of the royal prerogative, 206;
  • indolent and taciturn, she yields without resistance to the ascendency of Sarah Jennings, 215;
  • her unhappy married life, 215;
  • the Queen and Sarah treat each other as equals, writing under assumed names, 215;
  • state of parties on her accession, 218;
  • chooses a ministry combining both Whigs and Tories, 218;
  • entertains the Archduke Charles with truly royal magnificence, 218;
  • the Duchess of Marlborough surrounds the Queen with the chiefs of the Whigs against her will, 222;
  • an endless succession of jars and piques between the Queen and the Duchess, 222;
  • the insolence of the Mistress of the Robes towards the Queen, 226;
  • gives her favour and confidence to Mrs. Masham, 227;
  • Anne cautiously creeps out of her subjection to the Duchess, 230;
  • has some pangs of conscience in ill-treating Marlborough, 232;
  • gives up all regard for the Duchess or gratitude to the Duke, 233;
  • emancipates herself from obligations regardless of the confusion into which she casts the country, 234;
  • intrigues of the bed-chamber, 234;
  • a weak woman domineered over by one attendant and wheedled and flattered by another, 234;
  • gives herself up entirely to Mrs. Masham, 236;
  • dreading the furious violence of the Duchess, Anne leaves London, 237;
  • spares the Duke and Duchess not from compassion but fear, 242;
  • terrified at the Duchess’s threat to publish her letters, 242;
  • exonerates the Duchess from the charge of cheating, 243;
  • demands the return of the gold key from the Duchess, 244;
  • divides her Court places between Mrs. Masham and the Duchess of Somerset, 245;
  • writes with her own hand the dismissal of the Duchess, and gives herself up to her enemies, 246;
  • her apathetic remark on hearing that the Duke and Duchess had left England, 248;
  • she never sees again her great general or the woman to whom she was once so strongly attached, 248;
  • her conduct towards Madame des Ursins in the repudiation of Lexington’s convention, 281.
• Aubigny, Louis d’, equerry of Madame des Ursins, 178;
  • his character and familiar relations with the Princess, 178;
  • the intercepted letter intimating that they were married, 178;
  • becomes a perfect caballero, 260;
  • sent secretly to France by Madame des Ursins to negotiate with Torcy, 278;
  • despatched to Utrecht to negotiate the principality, 280;
  • obtains only vague hopes on the part of the Dutch, 281.
• Austria, Charles, Archduke of, the reservation, by will of Charles II., to renounce all claim to the empire of Germany, 129;
  • competitor of Philip V. for the crown of Spain, 169;
  • proclaimed Charles III. of Spain by the Emperor, 186;
  • lands at Lisbon and opens the campaign, 187;
  • lands in Catalonia, 191;
  • enters Barcelona as King of Spain, 197;
  • proclaimed in Saragossa and Valentia, 197;
  • his chief reliance the support of England, 207;
  • entertained with truly royal magnificence at Windsor, 208;
  • highly praises the beauty of Englishwomen, 218;
  • his gallantry to the Queen and Duchess of Marlborough, 219;
  • proclaimed at Madrid amidst a chilling silence, 251;
  • awaits in vain the homage and oaths of the grandees, 259;
  • is elevated to the imperial throne by the death of Joseph I., 265.

• Barrillon (the French ambassador), brings about the signature of the treaty of Niméguen by the help of the Duchess of Portsmouth, 113;
  • carries the message of the dying king’s (Charles) mistress to the Duke of York, 117.
• Beaufort, Francis de Vendôme, Duke de, commands the troops of Gaston and weakens the army by his dissensions with Nemours, his brother-in-law, 3;
  • kills Nemours in a duel, 14;
  • satisfied at seeing Madame de Montbazon satisfied, he retires to Anet, 21;
  • submits to the royal authority and obtains command of the fleet, 67;
  • commands the French men-of-war against England and Holland, 67;
  • goes to the aid of the Venetians against the Turks in Candia, and is cut to pieces in a sortie, 67;
  • he carries with him to Candia, disguised as a page, Louise Quérouaille, 95.
• Berwick, Duke of (natural son of James II.), does justice to Orry, 177;
  • commands the French corps in Spain, 179;
  • commands an Anglo-Portuguese army in Estramadura, 197;
  • his hatred pursues Louis XIV. on every field of battle, 197;
  • completely defeats the allies near Almanza, 252.
• Bolingbroke, Henry St. John, Viscount, his remark to Voltaire concerning Marlborough, 212;
  • his career, character, and abilities, 220;
  • possessed the talents and vices which have immortalised as well as disgraced Mirabeau, 221.
• Bouillon, Duke de, advises an immediate attack on Condé at the Faubourg St. Antoine, 8;
  • a first-class politician, but with only one thought—the aggrandisement of his house, 22;
  • a glance at his antecedents, 22;
  • obtains the title of Prince, 23;
  • is cut short in his ambitious career by death, 24.
• Boulay, Marquis de la, prevented from crossing swords with his rival, de Choisy, by Madame de Châtillon seizing a hand of each, 5.
• Buckingham, George Villiers, second Duke of, sent to Paris to inquire into the sudden death of Henrietta of England, 107;
  • he persuades Louise de Quérouaille to transfer herself to the service of the Queen of England, 108;
  • seeks to turn her to his own advantage by raising up a rival to the Duchess of Cleveland in the king’s affections, 108;
  • offers to escort her to England, but forgets both the lady and his promise, and leaves her at Dieppe, 109.
• Bussy-Rabutin, Count de, his account of a scene in public between Charles II. and the Duchess of Portsmouth, 113.

• Cambiac, Abbé, enamoured of the Duchess de Châtillon, 4;
  • retires on finding Condé is his rival, 5.
• Capres, Bournonville, Baron de, negotiates with the Dutch touching the principality for Madame des Ursins, 281;
  • liberally rewarded by Philip V., 281.
• Carignan, Princess de, her projects for governing her niece the Queen of Spain, 155.
• Charles II. of England, the unbounded power over his mind possessed by his sister Henrietta, Duchess of Orleans, 97;
  • falls into the snare laid for him by Louis XIV., and is captivated by Louise Quérouaille, 99;
  • the secret negotiation initiated at Dover by the Duchess, 99;
  • the key to his will found in La Quérouaille, 100;
  • the main features of the secret negotiation, 101;
  • he is rendered doubly a traitor by his abandonment of the latter condition, 101;
  • indignantly refuses to receive the Duke d’Orleans’ letter acquainting him with his sister’s death, 106;
  • he pretends to believe the explanations offered him, 106;
  • sends Buckingham to Paris ostensibly to inquire into the catastrophe, but in reality to conclude the treaty, 108;
  • France gives three million of livres for Charles’s conversion to Popery, and three for the Dutch war, 108;
  • creates Louise Quérouaille Duchess of Portsmouth, 110;
  • creates his son by her Duke of Richmond, 111;
  • Madame de Sévigne’s amusing account of Charles’s duplicate amours, 111;
  • his fatal seizure, 115;
  • declares his wish to be admitted into the Church of Rome, 117;
  • receives the offices of Father Huddlestone, 118;
  • in his last moments commends the Duchess of Portsmouth to the care of his brother James, 118;
  • the alleged poisoning of Charles II., 119.
• Charles II., King of Spain, secretly consults Pope Innocent XII. on the succession, 128;
  • declares Philip d’Anjou absolute heir to his crown, 129;
  • consults the mortal remains of his father, mother, and wife upon the sacred obligations of the will, and dies, 129.
• Châtillon, Isabelle Angelique de Montmorency-Bouteville, Duchess de, visits Nemours when wounded under various disguises, 4;
  • Condé not the only rival Nemours had to contend with, 4;
  • her condescension towards Cambiac, an intriguing, licentious priest, 4;
  • procures her an enormous legacy from the Princess-Dowager de Condé, 4;
  • Vineuil makes himself very agreeable to her, 5;
  • meeting her after the combat of St. Antoine, Condé shows by his countenance how much he despises her, 12;
  • is unable longer to counterbalance the counsels and influence of Madame de Chevreuse, 14;
  • her shameful league with La Rochefoucauld against Madame de Longueville, 38.
• Chevreuse, Marie de Rohan, Duchess de. She ultimately becomes resigned to Mazarin, 19;
  • warmly welcomes the return of the cardinal, 20;
  • summary of her political career, 49;
  • her elevated position side by side with Richelieu and Mazarin, 49;
  • her “marriage of conscience” with the Marquis de Laigues, 50;
  • marries her grandson, the Duke de Chevreuse, to Colbert’s daughter, 52;
  • survives all whom she had either loved or hated, 52;
  • dies in obscurity at Gagny, 53.
• Choisy, Count de, enamoured of Madame de Châtillon, is bent on fighting a duel about her with the Marquis de la Boulay, 5.
• Churchill, Arabella, mistress of the Duke of York, obtains her brother John (afterwards Duke of Marlborough) a pair of colours in the Guards, 208.
• Cleveland, Barbara Palmer, Duchess of, violently enamoured of the handsome John Churchill, 209;
  • presents him with 5000l. for his daring escape from the window of her apartment, 209;
  • Buckingham raises up a rival to her in the King’s affections in Louise Quérouaille, 108.
• Condé, Louis de Bourbon, Prince de, his small success in pleasing the fair sex, 4;
  • almost always badly dressed, 4;
  • his party very sensibly weakened by rivalries and gallant intrigues among the political heroines, 5;
  • fixes his head-quarters at St. Cloud, 6;
  • is distracted by different passions and feelings, 6;
  • betrayed on all sides amidst a series of impotent intrigues, 7;
  • his error in having preferred the counsels of his fickle mistress, Madame de Châtillon, to those of his courageous and devoted sister, 7;
  • his talent and courage in the struggle at the Faubourg St. Antoine, 8;
  • is saved from perishing by the noble conduct of Madame de Montpensier, 10;
  • his sore distress at the loss of his slain friends, 11;
  • his mind disabused with regard to Madame de Châtillon, he shows by his countenance how much he despises her, 12;
  • proposes such hard conditions to the Royalists that all accord with him becomes impossible, 13;
  • he retires to the Netherlands, and becomes generalissimo of the Spanish armies, 13;
  • is declared guilty of high treason and a traitor to the State, 14;
  • plunges deeper than ever into the Spanish alliance and the war against France, 14;
  • restored to his honours and power, the Princess de Condé becomes once more the despised, alienated, humiliated wife, 86;
  • he keeps her imprisoned until his death, and recommended that she should be kept so after his decease, 88.
• Condé, Claire Clémence Maillé de Brézé, Princess de (wife of the Great Condé), married at thirteen to the Duke d’Enghien, who yielded only to compulsion, 80;
  • the unenviable light in which she was held by her husband and relatives, 80;
  • a fair estimate of her qualities, 81;
  • her fidelity to her husband during adversity, 81;
  • her zeal during the Woman’s War, 81;
  • her truly deplorable existence from earliest childhood, 82;
  • her hour of fame and distinction, 83;
  • her letters to the Queen and Ministers stamped with nobility and firmness, 83;
  • she escapes from Chantilly on foot with her son and reaches Montrond, 83;
  • she escapes from Montrond under cover of a hunting party, 83;
  • escorted to Bordeaux by the Dukes de Bouillon and de la Rochefoucauld, 84;
  • becomes an amazon and almost a heroine in the insurrection at Bordeaux, 84;
  • scene in the Parliament chamber, 84;
  • her particular talent for speaking in public, 84;
  • works with her own hands at the fortifications of the city, 85;
  • all the conditions by the Princess, save one, conceded, 85;
  • Condé’s remark that “whilst he was watering tulips, his wife was making war in the south,” 85;
  • her rapturous reception of a tender note from Condé, 85;
  • she again becomes the despised and humiliated wife, 86;
  • a tragic event adds itself to the train of her tribulations, outrages, and troubles, 87;
  • imprisoned by the Prince at Châteauroux until his death, 88;
  • Bossuet in his panegyric of the hero gives not one word of praise to the ill-fated Princess, 89.
• Conti, Armand de Bourbon, Prince de, weakens the party of the Princes by his dissensions with his sister, Madame de Longueville, 3.

• Dartmouth, Lord, his version of the affair of the gold keys, 244.

• Estrées, Cardinal d’, directs the ultra-French political system at Madrid, 169;
  • a formidable adversary of Madame des Ursins, 172;
  • her tool, without knowing it, 173;
  • he demands his recall in accents of rage and despair, 175.
• Estrées, the Abbé d’, is laughed at and despised by Madame des Ursins, 176;
  • his letter to Louis XIV. scandalising her intercepted by her, 176;
  • the letter of Louis XIV. recalling him, 180.

• Farnese, Elizabeth, Princess of Parma, afterwards second consort of Philip V. of Spain, her lineage and true character, 294;
  • chosen by Madame des Ursins as consort of Philip V., 289;
  • her outrageous dismissal of the camerara-mayor, 292;
  • her character as sketched by Frederick the Great, 294.
• Ferté-Senneterre, Marshal de la, brings powerful reinforcements to the royal army from Lorraine, 7.
• Fiesque and Frontenac, the Countesses, the adjutant-generals of Madame de Montpensier in “the Women’s War,” 69.
• Force, Duke de la (father-in-law of Turenne), made Marshal of France, 24.
• Fronde, the army of the, discouraged and divided (July, 1652); the fight at the Faubourg St. Antoine an act of despair, 7;
  • the defeat of Condé destroys the Fronde, 11;
  • approaching its last agony, it treats with Mazarin for an amnesty, 13;
  • contrasted with the Great Rebellion in England, 29;
  • the revolt of the Fronde belonged especially to high-born Frenchwomen, 35.

• Gwynne, Nell, her rivalry of the Duchess of Portsmouth, 111;
  • difference in character of their respective triumphs, 112.
• Guise, Henri, Duke de, rallies to Mazarin after the Fronde, 28;
  • his violent passion for Mdlle. de Pons, 59;
  • elected by the Neapolitans their leader after Masaniello, 59;
  • defeats the Spanish troops and becomes master of the country, 59;
  • is betrayed through his gallantries and carried prisoner to Madrid, 60;
  • attempts to reconquer Naples but fails, 60;
  • is appointed Grand Chamberlain of France, 60;
  • his duels, his romantic amours, his profusion, and the varied adventures of his life, 60.

• Hallam, Henry (the historian), his remarks: “that the fortunes of Europe would have been changed by nothing more noble than the insolence of one waiting-woman and the cunning of another,” 246;
  • that “the House of Bourbon would probably not have reigned beyond the Pyrenees but for Sarah and Abigail at Queen Anne’s toilette,” 246.
• Harcourt, Duke d’, intercedes for the exiled Princess des Ursins, 185.
• Harley (afterwards Earl of Oxford), his talents and character, 219;
  • uses his relation, the bed-chamber woman, as a political tool, 222;
  • his plan to overthrow the Whigs by degrees, 233.

• Leganez, Marquis de, conspires in favour of the Archduke Charles, 191;
  • arrested and imprisoned at Pampeluna, 191.
• Lexington, Lord, signs a convention which engages to secure to Madame des Ursins “a sovereignty,” 277.
• Longueville, Anne de Bourbon, Duchess de, no longer guided by La Rochefoucauld, she loses herself in aimless projects and compromises herself in intrigues without result, 3;
  • the most ill-treated of all the political women of the Fronde, 36;
  • a retrospection of her career during the Fronde, 36;
  • though no longer the brilliant Bellona of Stenay, she does not dream of separating her fate from that of Condé, 38;
  • her conversion to be dated from her sojourn in the convent at Moulins, 38;
  • she implores pardon of her husband, 39;
  • she is taken from Moulins to Rouen by her husband, 39;
  • the fair penitent finds a ghostly guide in M. Singlin, 40;
  • who advises her to remain in the outer world, 40;
  • her desire to abstain from political intrigue looked upon incredulously for some years, 41;
  • still placed by Mazarin (in 1659) among the feminine trio “capable of governing or overturning three great kingdoms,” 41;
  • results of her long and rigid penitence, 41;
  • protects the Jansenists and earns the designation of “Mother of the Church,” 41;
  • acquires great reputation at the Court of Rome, 41;
  • the austerities and self-mortification of her widowhood, 42;
  • the death of her son, Count de St. Paul, the last blow of her earthly troubles, 43;
  • the scene depicted by Madame de Sevigné on the arrival of the fatal tidings, 43;
  • her death at the Carmelites, 44;
  • the funeral oration by the Bishop of Autun, 44;
  • three well-defined periods in her agitated life, 45;
  • Mrs. Jameson’s ideas of the mischievous tendencies of political women, as shown in the career of the Duchess, 46;
  • Mrs. Jameson’s erroneous estimate of the character of Madame de Longueville, 46-47.
• Louis XIV., King of France; his triumphant entry into Paris with his mother and Turenne, 15;
  • his attention drawn to the wit and capacity of Madame des Ursins, 134;
  • acts of violence against his Protestant subjects, 136;
  • endeavours to bend Spain to his own designs, 151;
  • recommends to his grandson an implacable war against Spanish Court etiquette, 163;
  • the long train of disasters which brought Louis to the brink of an abyss, 168;
  • the succession of Philip V. threatens to endanger the very existence of the French monarchy, 168;
  • desires to recall Madame des Ursins, but finds his hand arrested, 175;
  • writes to the Abbé d’Estrées touching the complaints against Madame des Ursins, 179;
  • his letters to the King and Queen of Spain, 183;
  • his insuperable objection to a government of Prime Ministers, and still more of women, 187;
  • in his restoration of the Princess des Ursins his sagacity triumphs over his repugnance, 188;
  • represented in Spain by his nephew, the Duke of Orleans, 254;
  • secretly assists the party in Spain of fara da se, 261;
  • his displeasure at Madame des Ursins delaying the signature of the Treaty of Utrecht, 282;
  • his tart letter to his grandson, 283;
  • limits Philip’s choice of a consort to three princesses, 287.
• Louville, Marquis de, the duel with Madame des Ursins, 171;
  • his fall: recalled from Madrid, 172;
  • accuses Madame des Ursins of being “hair-brained in her conduct,” 177.

• Maintenon, Françoise d’Aubigny, Marquise de, her star rises slowly above the political horizon, 114;
  • the secret of Madame des Ursins’ appointment first broached in her cabinet, 143;
  • favours that candidature, 145;
  • the dazzling aspect of her laurels in Madame des Ursins’ eyes, 148;
  • her letters reveal the policy of Louis XIV. with regard to Spain, 151;
  • her favourable intervention in behalf of the exiled Madame des Ursins, 185, 186;
  • her motives for supporting the Princess, 186;
  • dwells upon her equanimity, 193;
  • changes the tone of her letters to a cold and sometimes ironic vein, 257;
  • opposes the design of her old friend for a “sovereignty,” 269;
  • she divines the concealed project of Madame des Ursins, 277.
• Mancini, Hortensia, Duchess de Mazarin, cuts to the quick Charles II. of England, 114.
• Marlborough, Sarah Jennings, Lady Churchill, and subsequently Duchess of, her birth and parentage, 207;
  • peculiar graces of her mind and person, 208;
  • Swift renders homage to her virtue, 208;
  • aspirants to her hand, 208;
  • altogether portionless, wooed and won by the avaricious John Churchill, 208;
  • hard, vindictive, insatiable of wealth and honours, 210;
  • united to the pride of a queen the rage of a fury, 210;
  • brought up in close intimacy with the Princess Anne, her early assumed absolute ascendency, 215;
  • the grounds on which she obtained and held place in Anne’s service, 215;
  • intoxicated with her almost unlimited sway, 218;
  • no longer deigns to ask, but commands, 218;
  • her influence well understood by the Continental powers, 218;
  • domination her favourite passion, 221;
  • exercised her absolute sway over the Queen with an imprudent audacity, 222;
  • endless succession of piques, jeers, and misunderstandings between her and the Queen, 222;
  • become a Princess of the Empire, subordinate duties are repugnant to her, 223;
  • her benefactions to Abigail Hill’s relatives, 224;
  • perceiving the Queen’s confidence in Mrs. Masham, she heaps upon her every species of contempt, sarcasm, and insult, 225;
  • her insulting behaviour to the Queen at St. Paul’s, 225;
  • another altercation unduly breaks the links of their friendship, 226;
  • discovers that her empire over the Queen is gone, 228;
  • traces the whole system of deception carried on to her injury, 228;
  • curious predicament between sovereign and subject, 230;
  • her uprightness and singleness of mind, openness, and honesty, 230;
  • long-repressed malice pours forth its vengeance on the disgraced favourite, 234;
  • a fresh outbreak of violence precipitates her final disgrace, 236;
  • her account of her last interview with the Queen at Kensington, 237;
  • terrifies Anne by threatening to publish her letters, 242;
  • her economy in dressing the Queen, 242;
  • the return of the gold key, 244;
  • the resignation accepted with eagerness and joyfulness, 245;
  • the Duchess thinks only of some means or other of revenge, 246;
  • her directions when about to quit the sphere of her palace triumphs, 246;
  • withdraws to her country seat near St. Albans, 246;
  • becomes soured by adversity and disgusted with the Court and the world, 247;
  • disposed to wrangle and dispute on the slightest provocation, 247;
  • a great affliction in the death of a long-tried friend, Lord Godolphin, 247;
  • the Duke and Duchess leave England, 248;
  • the attitude assumed by the Duke and Duchess throughout the political conflicts which agitated the Court during her residence abroad, 307;
  • returns to England shortly after the death of Anne, 308;
  • very far from possessing the influence she had enjoyed during Anne’s reign, 308;
  • her feverish thirst for political and courtly intrigues return upon her despite the advance of old age, 308;
  • her shrewd and sound advice to her husband, 308;
  • survives her illustrious husband twenty-two years, 309;
  • her reply to the “proud Duke” of Somerset on the offer of his hand, 309;
  • the testimony of respect she owed to the memory of a husband who left so great a name, 309;
  • the instructive lesson derivable from her extraordinary and signal disgrace, as emphatically given by herself, 309, 310;
  • her death at eighty-four, 310;
  • her singular fate in private life—“that scarcely did she possess a tie which was not severed or embittered by worldly or political considerations,” 310.
• Marlborough, John Churchill, afterwards Duke of, son of a poor cavalier knight, he enters the army at sixteen, 208;
  • love, not war, the first-stepping-stone to his high fortunes, 208;
  • obtains a pair of colours in the Guards through the interest of his sister Arabella, 208;
  • known to the French soldiery as “the handsome Englishman,” 208;
  • complimented by Turenne on his gallantry and serene intrepidity, 209;
  • Turenne’s wager, 209;
  • solicits unsuccessfully the command of a regiment from Louis XIV., 209;
  • declared by Lord Chesterfield “irresistible either by man or woman,” 209;
  • rises rapidly at Court, 209;
  • his daring adventure with the Duchess of Cleveland, 210;
  • presented by her with 5000l., with which he buys an annuity, 210;
  • marries Sarah Jennings, 210;
  • testifies the greatest affection for his wife, 210;
  • climbs fast up the ladder of preferment, 211;
  • coldly forsakes his benefactor James II., 211;
  • created Earl and General by William III., 211;
  • Duke and Commander of the British armies by Queen Anne, 211;
  • his deceitful and selfish character, 211;
  • if his soul was mean and sordid, his genius was vast and powerful, 212;
  • his neglected education and consummate oratory, 212;
  • the most powerful personage in England, 214;
  • rules the household, parliament, ministry, and the army, 214;
  • rules the councils of Austria, States-General of Holland, Prussia, and the Princes of the Empire, 214;
  • as potent as Cromwell, and more of a king than William III., 214;
  • writes a stern letter to his wife on her dissensions with the Queen, 229;
  • detained in England by “the quarrel among the women about the Court,” 231;
  • Dean Swift’s unjust insinuations, 234;
  • his courage called in question, and he is represented as the lowest of mankind, 234;
  • his cold reception on his return from Flanders, 242;
  • his ruling passion—love of money—made him stoop to mean and paltry actions, 243;
  • his motives for retaining command of the army under a Tory Ministry, 245;
  • the mask of envy, hatred, and jealousy, 247;
  • the death of Lord Godolphin determines him to reside abroad, 247;
  • his request to see the Queen before his departure refused, 248;
  • furnished with a passport by his secret friend Lord Bolingbroke, 248;
  • his steady correspondence with his friends, 307;
  • refuses to approve of the Peace of Utrecht, or abandon his desire for the Hanoverian succession, 307;
  • sees the cabals of his native country reflected in the Court of Hanover, 307;
  • returns to England shortly after the death of Queen Anne, 308;
  • witnesses the triumph of the Whigs on their return to power at the accession of George I., 308;
  • reproached by the Duchess for no longer taking an active part in public affairs, 308;
  • attacked with paralysis which deprives him of speech and recollection, 308;
  • his death (in 1722), 308;
  • his gentleness and devotion towards his wife and children, 309;
  • how he governed his imperious consort, 309;
  • the testimony of respect shown to his memory by the Duchess refusing offers of marriage from Lord Coningsby and the Duke of Somerset, 309.
• Masham, Mrs. (afterwards Lady), her origin, related to the Duchess of Marlborough and Harley, 221;
  • appointed bed-chamber woman to the Queen, 221;
  • married to Masham when Abigail Hill, 221;
  • her lowly, supple, artful character, 222;
  • her servile, humble, gentle and pliant manner towards the Queen, 224;
  • coincides with Anne in political and religious opinions, 224;
  • strives to sap the power and credit of the Whigs and to displace Marlborough, 225;
  • after an altercation with the Duchess, the Queen gives her entire confidence to Mrs. Masham, 226;
  • ever on the watch to turn such disagreements to skilful account, 227;
  • gradually worms herself into the Queen’s affections and undermines the Mistress of the Robes, 227;
  • the petty and ungrateful conduct of the bed-chamber woman, 227;
  • mean and paltry instances of treachery to her benefactress, 227;
  • the upstart favourite exhibits all the scorn and insolence of her nature, 229;
  • an instance of Mrs. Masham’s stinging impertinence towards the Duchess, 230;
  • the influence of the favourite, 233.
• Mazarin, Cardinal, his exclamation on hearing that Mademoiselle de Montpensier had fired upon the king’s troops, 10;
  • quits France once more to facilitate a reconciliation with the Frondeurs, 13;
  • received on his return by the Parisians with demonstrations of delight, 15;
  • his triumph over the Fronde, the result of his prudent line of conduct, 16;
  • his reception at the Louvre by Anne of Austria and the Court, 17;
  • the heads of the two powerful families of Vendôme and Bouillon become the firmest supporters of his greatness, 20;
  • his good fortune opens the eyes of every one to his merit, 31;
  • his solemn reception by the King and Queen not an idle pageant or empty ceremony, 32.
• Medina-Cœli, Duke de, head of the purely political Spanish system, 169;
  • his double character, 196;
  • is arrested by Madame des Ursins, and ends his days in prison, 256.
• Meilleraye, Marshal la, advances against the Princess de Condé at Montrond, 83.
• Melgar, Admiral Count de, plots the downfall of Philip V. and the elevation of the Archduke, 170;
  • traitorously joins the Portuguese and their allies, 170;
  • his death from an insult, 171.
• Mercœur, Duke de (eldest son of Cæsar, Duke de Vendôme), married to the amiable and virtuous Laura Mancini, 21;
  • made Governor of Provence, 21.
• Montbazon, Marie d’Avangour, Duchess de, one of those who made most noise at Anne of Austria’s Court, 61;
  • summary of her character, 61;
  • a list of all her lovers, titled and untitled, not to be attempted, 61;
  • very nearly the cause of a duel at the door of the king’s apartments, 62;
  • often used as an instrument by Madame de Chevreuse, 62;
  • a dangerous rival to Madame de Guéméné, 62;
  • instigates the Count de Soissons to add outrage to desertion of Madame de Guéméné, 62;
  • her long exercised influence over Beaufort useful to the Court, 62;
  • wanting in all the better qualities of a political woman, 62;
  • proposes to enter into a treaty of alliance with De Retz, 63;
  • very mercenary both in love and politics, 64;
  • tricked out of 100,000 crowns by Condé and the Princess Palatine, 64;
  • returns to Court after an exile of five years, 65;
  • Madame de Motteville’s description of her well-preserved beauty, 65;
  • dies of the measles—three hours only accorded to her to prepare for death, 66;
  • looked back with horror on her past life, 66;
  • little regretted by any one save De Rancé, 66;
  • the sight of her sudden death determines De Rancé to withdraw from the world, 67;
  • Laroque’s version of the catastrophe, 67.
• Montpensier, Anne Marie Louise d’Orleans, called La Grande Mademoiselle Duchess de, mingles in all the intrigues of the Fronde, 6;
  • adopts unwise means to force herself as a bride upon the young king, 6;
  • by her noble conduct in the struggle at the Faubourg St. Antoine, she saves the live of Condé, 10;
  • her description of Condé’s most pitiable condition, 11;
  • characterises the Bourbons as much addicted to trifles, 69;
  • a hint by which, looking at her portrait, her character may readily be read, 69;
  • the commencement of her political and military career, 69;
  • her companions-in-arms, the Countesses Fiesque and Frontenac, 70;
  • she hoped to exchange the helmet of the Fronde for the crown of France, 70;
  • she describes the Civil War as being a very amusing thing for her, 70;
  • her defence of Orleans against the royal troops, 71;
  • thrust through the gap of an old gateway and covered with mud, 71;
  • hastens to arrest the massacre at the Hotel de Ville, 71;
  • driven out of doors by her father—her wanderings, 72;
  • expiates her pranks by four years’ exile at St. Fargeau, 72;
  • numerous pretenders to her hand, 72;
  • the masquerades of 1657 carry the day over the political aims of 1652, 73;
  • is reconciled to her cousin, Louis XIV., 73;
  • conflicts of the heart succeed to political storms, 73;
  • destined to extinguish with the wet blanket of vile prose the brilliancy of a long and romantic career, 73;
  • history ought not to treat too harshly the Frondeuse of the blood-royal, 73;
  • the supreme criterion for the appreciation of certain women is the man whom they have loved, 74;
  • Lauzun makes an impression upon her at first sight, 74;
  • her own account of the discovery of her love for him, 75;
  • asks the king’s permission to marry the Gascon cadet, 75;
  • after giving permission, Louis XIV. retracts, 75;
  • Mad. de Sevigné’s laughable account of Mademoiselle’s grief, 76;
  • probability that a clandestine marriage had been accomplished, 76;
  • Anquetil’s account of a putative daughter, 76;
  • a secret chamber occupied by Lauzun in the Château d’Eu, 76;
  • she obtains Lauzun’s release after ten years’ captivity, 77;
  • he shows her neither tenderness nor respect, but beats her, 78;
  • they separate and never meet again, 78;
  • her death at the Luxembourg, 78;
  • her creditable position among French writers and her encouragement of literary men, 79
• Montellano, Duke de, replaces Archbishop Arias in the presidency of Castile, 172;
  • counterbalances the authority of Porto-Carrero, 172;
  • offended at the attitude of the princess, he resigns, 196.

• Nemours, Charles Amadeus of Savoy, Duke de, wounded in the Fronde war, is visited in various disguises by the Duchess de Châtillon, 4;
  • wounded in several places in the combat at the Faubourg St. Antoine, 9;
  • is killed in a duel with his brother-in-law, Beaufort, 14.
• Noirmoutier, Duke de, circulates his sister’s annotated letter throughout Paris, 179.

• Orleans, Gaston, Duke d’, but for his daughter, his inaction would have allowed Condé to perish, 10;
  • his interview with Condé after the fight, 12;
  • exiled to Blois, 15;
  • passes there the remainder of his contemptible existence, 25.
• Orleans, Henrietta of England, daughter of Charles I., Duchess d’, admits Louise Quérouaille into her household as maid-of-honour, 96;
  • intrusted with the negotiating of detaching England from the interests of Holland, 97;
  • her character and personal attributes at five-and-twenty, 97;
  • her unbounded power over her brother, Charles II., 97;
  • the secret of Louis XIV.’s progress to Flanders, known only to her, 99;
  • embarks from Dunkirk for Dover, with La Quérouaille and initiates the secret negotiation with her brother, 99;
  • Charles falls into the snare and Henrietta carries most of the points of that disgraceful treaty, 99;
  • takes her maid-of-honour back to France to incite Charles’s desire to retain her in his Court, 100;
  • the Duchess thought more of augmenting the greatness of Charles than of benefiting England, 100;
  • her motives for undertaking all this shameful bargaining, 102;
  • on her return to Paris, a cabal in her household seeks to effect her destruction, 102;
  • the motives originating the plot, 103;
  • she is seized with a mortal illness at St. Cloud, 104;
  • the heartless indifference of all around her, save Madlle. de Montpensier, 105;
  • her dying declaration that she was poisoned, 105;
  • Bossuet consoles her in her last moments, 106;
  • the cause of her death falsely attributed to cholera-morbus, 106;
  • St. Simon’s statement of the poison being sent from Italy by the Chevalier de Lorraine, 107;
  • the intrigues which led to the murder present a scene of accumulated horrors and iniquity, 107;
  • the last political act of the Duchess calculated to secure the subjection of the English nation, 107.
• Orleans, Philip II. (nephew of Louis XIV. and afterwards Regent), Duke d’, represents Louis XIV. in Spain, 254;
  • distrusted by, but remains on the best footing with Mad. des Ursins, 254;
  • indulged the hope of being put in the place of Philip V., 255;
  • his suspicious negotiations with the Earl of Stanhope, 255;
  • Mad. des Ursins demands his recall and obtains it, 255;
  • denounced by Mad. des Ursins, and with difficulty escapes a scandalous trial, 256.
• Orry, Jean Louville’s accusations against him, 177;
  • Mad. des Ursins’ letter with friendly remembrances to d’Aubigny’s wife, 183;
  • recalled to France, 187;
  • reinstated by Mad. des Ursins, 190.

• Palatine, Anne de Gonzagua, Princess, if the Fronde could have been saved, her advice would have saved it, 18;
  • is associated with Mazarin’s triumph, 19;
  • her political importance dates from the imprisonment of the Princess, 54;
  • uses the feminine factionists as so many wires by which to move the men whom they governed, 54;
  • the opinions of De Retz and Mazarin upon her stability of purpose and capacity to work mischief, 54;
  • appointed superintendent of the young Queen’s household, 55;
  • retires from Court, and ends her days in seclusion, 56;
  • her conversion and penitence, 57;
  • Bossuet’s funeral oration, 57;
  • her account of her conversion addressed to the celebrated Abbé de Rancé, founder of La Trappe, 58;
  • a glance at the singular fortunes of the Duke de Guise, her first lover, 59.
• Peterborough, Lord, tears Barcelona from Philip V., 197.
• Philip V. (Duke d’ Anjou, grandson of Louis XIV.), King of Spain, grave questions raised by his accession, 151;
  • his character, 154;
  • Mad. des Ursins governs him through the Queen, 154;
  • in disguise, meets his bride at Hostalnovo, 157;
  • his mental defects—rather constituted to serve than reign, 166;
  • his first entrance into Spain radiant with youth and hope, 166;
  • Europe forms a coalition to snatch the two peninsulas from the domination of France, 167;
  • compels the recall of Cardinal d’Estrées, 174;
  • takes command of the army on the frontiers of Portugal, 179;
  • baffled at Barcelona, and takes, in mortal agony, the road to France, 198;
  • re-enters Madrid as a liberator, 252;
  • is thoroughly defeated by the Austrians at Saragossa, 257;
  • Louis XIV. advises him to abandon Spain in order to keep Italy, 257;
  • his noble letter in reply, 259;
  • his dismissal in mass of his French household, 260;
  • after the victory of Villaviciosa, sleeps on a couch of standards, 262;
  • in behalf of Mad. des. Ursins, refuses to sign the treaty of Utrecht, 281;
  • he signs the treaty unconditionally, 284;
  • his choice of a wife limited to three princesses by Louis XIV., 287;
  • secretly lends his hand to a coup d’état against Mad. des Ursins, 291;
  • gives authority to his new consort to take everything upon herself, 294;
  • succeeds in reducing Spain to obedience only a few days before the fall of Mad. des Ursins, 303.
• Porto-Carrero, Cardinal, exercises a powerful influence on Innocent XI. and Charles II. of Spain, 141;
  • is won over by Mad. des Ursins to favour the pretensions of the Duke d’Anjou, 142;
  • champion of the ultra-French political system, 169;
  • abruptly changes his policy, 172;
  • becomes a formidable adversary of the Princess des Ursins, 172;
  • refuses to act with Cardinal d’Estrées and resigns, 172;
  • the turncoat from every cause, and as a politician is annihilated, 173;
  • his intractable and arrogant temper, 173;
  • his cabal rakes into the private life of the camerara-mayor without success, 173;
  • he quits Madrid with all the French household, 174.
• Portsmouth, Louise Penhouet Quérouaille, Duchess of, the political errors of Charles II. primarily traced to her, 93;
  • more than any other of his mistresses odious to the English, 93;
  • the acme of splendour and corruption reached by the French court in 1670, 93;
  • the household of his sister-in-law, Henrietta of England, supplies Louis XIV. with a diplomatist in petticoats, 93;
  • the royal family used her as an instrument without caring about her origin, 94;
  • what Mad. de Sevigné says of her antecedents, 94;
  • revelations of the Histoire Secrète, 94;
  • the Duke de Beaufort enamoured of her, 95;
  • carries her off to Candia disguised as a page, 95;
  • on his being cut to pieces, she returns to France, 96;
  • this prank of hers proves the foundation of her fortunes, 96;
  • Henrietta of England, interested in her romantic tale, admits her as one of her maids-of-honour, 96;
  • Louis XIV. finds her an apt and willing instrument in the secret negotiation, 98;
  • the pretext of a progress to Flanders resorted to by Louis XIV. to bring La Quérouaille under the notice of Charles II., 98;
  • she embarks with the Duchess at Dunkirk for Dover, where she captivates the king, 99;
  • Louise returns to France with the Duchess of Orleans, 100;
  • the key to the will of Charles II. found in Louise, 100;
  • Louis XIV. promises of handsomely rewarding the compliant maid-of-honour, 102;
  • the Duke of Buckingham seeks to turn her to his own advantage as a rival to the Duchess of Cleveland, 108;
  • an invitation formally worded sent her from the English Court, 109;
  • is left in the lurch at Dieppe by Buckingham, 109;
  • Lord Montague has her conveyed to England in a yacht, 109;
  • she is appointed maid-of-honour to the queen, 109;
  • the intoxication of Charles at “les graces décentes” of Louise, 109;
  • the purpose of her receiving an appointment at the Court of St. James’s foretold by Madame de Sevigné, 109;
  • St. Evremond’s equivocal advice, 110;
  • created Duchess of Portsmouth, 110;
  • the domain of d’Aubigny conferred upon her by Louis XIV., 111;
  • Charles Lennox, her son by Charles II., created Duke of Richmond, 111;
  • put out of countenance by Nell Gwynne, 112;
  • in conjunction with Barillon obtains an order which suddenly changed the face of Europe, 113;
  • her triumphant sway in political matters, 113:
  • generously sacrifices her political rôle in the matter of the “bill of exclusion,” 114;
  • her correspondence with Madame de Maintenon, 115;
  • Louis XIV. confers upon her the title of Duchess d’Aubigny, 115;
  • her creditable behaviour during the fatal seizure of Charles II., 115;
  • magnificence of her apartments, 116;
  • Barillon finds her in an agony of grief, 116;
  • the message of the mistress to the dying king’s brother, 117;
  • her political attitude during the last months of Charles’s life, 119;
  • she returns to France with a large treasure of money and jewels, 120;
  • is the object of a rigid surveillance, 120;
  • Louvois, Courtin, and the lettre de cachet, 120;
  • passes in profound obscurity the remainder of her life, 121;
  • so reduced as to solicit a pension, 121;
  • the power she possessed over the mind of Charles II., 122;
  • her beauty not comparable to that of Madame de Montespan, 123.

• Rancé, Armand, Jean Le Bouthillier (the reformer of La Trappe), the lover who regretted Madame de Montbazon the most sincerely, 6;
  • the sight of her sudden death determines him to withdraw from the world, 67;
  • the skull of the Duchess said to have been found in his cell at La Trappe, 67.
• Retz, Cardinal de, chills the Duke d’Orleans into inaction during the struggle of Condé with Turenne, 10;
  • imprisoned at Vincennes, 15;
  • obtains the red hat from Louis XIV., 26;
  • entering upon his old intrigues, he is arrested and imprisoned, 26.
• Rochefoucauld, Francis, Duke de la, blinded by a ball through his face in the fight at the Faubourg St. Antoine, 9;
  • retires to his estates, and for a few years buries himself in obscurity, 27;
  • is again received into favour, and obtains a thumping pension, 28.

• Saint-Simon, Duke de, his explanation of the ascendency of Madame des Ursins, 168;
  • his elaborate portrait of the Princess, 304.
• Savoy, Marie Louise of (daughter of Amadeus II., first wife of Philip V. of Spain), quits Italy with Madame des Ursins for Spain, 153;
  • description of her at fourteen, 153;
  • the camerara-mayor becomes indispensable to her, 154;
  • incidents of the journey to Spain, 156;
  • her first interview with Philip, who is disguised as a king’s messenger, 158;
  • the marriage at Figuieras, 158;
  • untoward incident of the supper there, 159;
  • Spanish versus French cookery, 159;
  • her indignation at the conduct of the Spanish ladies, 159;
  • attributes the audacity and rudeness of the Spanish dames to the King, 159;
  • ends by making the amende to Philip V., 169;
  • the arrival at Madrid, 160;
  • the Queen governs Philip V., and Madame des Ursins governs the Queen, 168;
  • her education and mental characteristics, 168;
  • a happy conformity of tastes, views, and dispositions attaches the Queen to Madame des Ursins, 169;
  • maintains the royal authority by the spell of her gentle and steady virtues, 198;
  • her destitution at Burgos, 199;
  • forsaken by her Court, seeks an asylum in old Castile, 200;
  • in childbirth, appeals touchingly to the attachment and courage of Madame des Ursins, 257;
  • dies suddenly at the age of twenty-six, 267.
• Spain, two political systems confront each other at Madrid, 169;
  • both reduced to impotence by Madame des Ursins, 169;
  • Gibraltar torn away for ever from Spain by a handful of British seamen, 187;
  • defenceless state of the country, 187;
  • necessary to have almost an army in each province, 199;
  • the last remnant of the army surrenders without fighting, 199;
  • the aim of the Great Alliance, 205;
  • solves by her own efforts the great question which had kept Europe so long in arms, 262;
  • called upon alone to pay the costs of the pacification (Treaty of Utrecht), 267.
• Swift, Dean, covers the Duchess of Marlborough with ridicule and obloquy, 234;
  • represents her in print as a pickpocket, 243.

• Tessé, Marshal de, commands in Spain, 191;
  • a cunning courtier but mediocre general, 197.
• Torcy, Marquis de (Prime Minister of Louis XIV.), favours the candidature of Madame des Ursins, 145;
  • his confidence in her, 152;
  • a copy of Madame des Ursins’ annotated letter sent him, 179.
• Tories, the, ousted by the Whigs, 218;
  • their dismissal demanded by the Queen’s favourite, 219;
  • with Harley and Bolingbroke at their head they work in the dark to regain power, 219;
  • set up Mrs. Masham to oppose and undermine the influence of the favourite, 224;
  • they foster the Queen’s grief at the bloodshed in the Low Countries, 235;
  • dwell upon the odious tyranny of the Duchess of Marlborough, and promise to deliver Anne from it, 236;
  • the Whigs replaced by Bolingbroke, Harley, Earl of Jersey, and the Dukes of Ormonde and Shrewsbury, 242.
• Turenne, Marshal de, his error in attacking Condé without his entire force, 7;
  • rivals Condé in boldness and obstinacy, 8;
  • his frigid, reflective, and profoundly dissembling character, 22;
  • carefully conciliated and caressed by Mazarin, 24;
  • made Governor of Auvergne, and the Viscounty of Turenne erected into a principality, 24;
  • his wager on the subject of Churchill’s gallantry, 211.

• Ursins (Orsini), Marie Anne de la Tremouille-Noirmoutier, Princess de, untoward result of the dramatic vicissitudes of a life devoted to the pursuit of political power, 131;
  • married to the Prince de Chalais, 132;
  • joins her husband in Spain, whither he had fled from the consequences of a duel, 133;
  • first meeting with Madame Scarron, 133;
  • left a childless widow on her arrival in Rome, 133;
  • the attention of Louis XIV. directed to her wit and capacity, 134;
  • she marries, with a political purpose, the Duke de Bracciano, 134;
  • her mode of life and career at Rome, 134;
  • character of the Duke, 135;
  • untoward misunderstandings arise through her extravagances, 136;
  • the passion for politics and power obtains mastery over her mind, 137;
  • the Orsini in some sort a sacerdotal family, 137;
  • dogmatic questions prove a stumbling block to conjugal harmony, 138;
  • forms a close intimacy with the Maréchale de Noailles, 138;
  • her varied resources appreciated by the minister Torcy, 138;
  • presented to Madame de Maintenon on visiting Versailles, 138;
  • reconciled to her husband, the Duke, on his death-bed, 139;
  • is highly esteemed by the cabinet of Versailles, 140;
  • wins over Innocent XI. to favour the pretensions of the Duke d’Anjou, 141;
  • she aspires to govern Spain, 142;
  • manœuvres to secure the post of camerara-mayor, 142;
  • the art and caution with which she negotiates with the Maréchale de Noailles, 143;
  • the astute programme traced by her for de Torcy, 145;
  • naïve expression of delight at her success, 146;
  • sets forth regally equipped to conduct the Princess of Savoy to her husband, 148;
  • enters upon her militant career at an advanced age, 148;
  • entirely possessed by her painstaking ambition, 149;
  • enters upon her new mission with zeal, ardour, and activity, more than virile, 149;
  • truly devoted to Spain, without failing in her devotion to France, 152;
  • wages a determined war against the Inquisition, 152;
  • seeks to establish her power by masking it, 152;
  • first meets Maria Louise, of Savoy, at Villefranche, 153;
  • makes herself acceptable to the young Queen, 153;
  • her wrath and stupefaction at the French dishes being upset, 159;
  • installed definitively as camerara-mayor at Madrid, 160;
  • onerous and incongruous duties of the post, 162;
  • her policy of keeping to herself sole access to the King and Queen, 163;
  • sacrifices her dignity to her power and influence, 163;
  • by familiarising the Queen with politics, she penetrates every state secret, 164;
  • renders the Queen popular among the people of central Spain, 164;
  • her wise policy for the regeneration of Spain, 165;
  • reduces both the ultra-French and purely Spanish political systems to impotence, 169;
  • fathoms the intrigues and baffles the manœuvres of Melgar, 170;
  • Louville succumbs to her, 171;
  • Porto-Carrero tenders his resignation, 172;
  • Cardinal d’Estrées her tool without knowing it, 173;
  • the Cardinal’s cabal “rakes into her private life,” 173;
  • the Queen defends her with earnest importunity, 174;
  • holds the Abbé d’Estrées in contempt, 176;
  • the intercepted letter and its marginal note, 176;
  • makes a false step in her statecraft, 176;
  • the blunder leads to a great imbroglio, 177;
  • did she always use her influence over the young Queen in a purely disinterested way? 177;
  • at the age of sixty still had lovers, 177;
  • her relations with d’Aubigny, her equerry, 178;
  • gallantry and l’entêtement de sa personne, St. Simon asserts to be her overwhelming weakness, 178;
  • she rashly resents the accusation of her marriage with d’Aubigny, 179;
  • nicely balances Louis XIV.’s power in his grandson’s Court, 180;
  • her egotistic and impatient ambition, 181;
  • the stately haughtiness of her submission to Louis XIV., 181;
  • her adroit flattery of Madame de Maintenon, 182;
  • quits Madrid as a state criminal for Italy, 184;
  • permitted to take up her abode at Toulouse, 184;
  • her artful letters and politic conduct, 185;
  • receives permission to appear at Versailles and justify herself, 186;
  • the triumph of her restoration suddenly transforms her into “a court divinity,” 188;
  • she affects to be in no hurry to return to Spain, 189;
  • procures the admission of d’Aubigny into the cabinets of Louis XIV. and Madame de Maintenon, 190;
  • authorised to form her ministry, 191;
  • her return to Spain prepared by the arrest of Leganez, 191;
  • she triumphs at Versailles, 192;
  • her lively appreciation of Louis XIV.’s mental qualities, 192;
  • the question of the prospect of her replacing Madame de Maintenon, 193;
  • Louis XIV. seduced both by her grace and talent, 193;
  • turns all things to her advantage through her lucid common sense, 194;
  • returns to Spain strengthened by disgrace, 194;
  • determines to break up the cabal of the grandees, 195;
  • foils the underhanded opposition of the high aristocracy, 196;
  • triumphs on the very brink of a volcano, 197;
  • nothing more honourable to her memory than her letters at this period of disaster, 200;
  • by speeches, letters, and overtures, she consolidates the King’s authority in Old Castile, 200;
  • one of the most vigorous instruments ever made use of by Providence, 201;
  • she flatters Madame de Maintenon about St. Cyr, 201;
  • suffering from rheumatism and a painful affection of her sight, acts in the capacity of field-marshal to the Queen, 202;
  • her courage allied with good temper, amiability and beau sang, 203;
  • her wretched quarters at Burgos, 203;
  • her temperament contrasted with that of Madame de Maintenon, 204;
  • her delicate and perilous position, 253;
  • overcomes Montellano and the friends of the old system, 253;
  • distrusts the Duke of Orleans, but remains on the best footing with him, 255;
  • opposes his policy, demands his recall and obtains it, 255;
  • has to choose between the French policy of Louis XIV. and the Spanish policy of Philip V., 257;
  • the young Queen appeals touchingly to her attachment and courage, 257;
  • resolves to remain upon the theatre of events, 258;
  • throws herself headlong into the mêlée, 258;
  • reproaches Madame de Maintenon for preferring the King’s case to his honour, 258;
  • inspires Philip V. with an energy truly worthy of the throne, 259;
  • places herself at the head of the national movement, 259;
  • flatters alike the democracy and the grandees by throwing Philip into the arms of the Spaniards, 260;
  • in deference to popular sensibilities she sacrifices Amelot and Orry, 261;
  • implores that Vendôme might be sent to command the Spanish forces, 261;
  • the victory of Villaviciosa definitely seats the Bourbons on the throne of Spain, 262;
  • sees her steadfast policy crowned by accomplished facts, 262;
  • receives the title of Highness, 262;
  • her share in the treaty of Utrecht, 264;
  • her perseverance unexampled both in idea and conduct, 264;
  • undismayed by reverses, never intoxicated by success, 264;
  • her letters to Madame de Maintenon assume a somewhat protective tone, 265;
  • at this culminating point of her greatness a humiliating catastrophe is impending, 265;
  • the measures taken by her to consolidate the power of Philip V., 266;
  • the question of the erection of a territory into a sovereignty for her, 266;
  • she is overwhelmed with reproaches on all sides, 267;
  • this check the first of a series of misfortunes which death alone closed, 267;
  • Marie Louise, of Savoy, dies suddenly, 267;
  • what mysteries did the Medina-Cœli palace witness? 268;
  • the loss of her royal mistress the remote signal which heralded her fall, 268;
  • she destroys with her own hands the structure of her individual fortunes, 268;
  • she imprudently attacks the Spanish inquisition, 269;
  • fails in the attempt and creates a host of enemies, 269;
  • Louis XIV. has a grudge against her for delaying the signature of the Treaty of Utrecht, 269;
  • the storm darkens thickly over her head, 270;
  • she consults Alberoni on the choice of Elizabeth Farnese as consort of Philip V., 270;
  • Alberoni deceives her in the representation of the Princess of Parma’s character, 270;
  • by Alberoni’s first move Madame de Ursini’s game was lost, 271;
  • she finds herself friendless in Spain, 272;
  • she neglects to conciliate her enemies, 272;
  • suspicious jealousy of domination over Philip V., 273;
  • scandal of the construction of the secret corridor in the palace, 273;
  • her error in not renouncing the idea of the principality, 275;
  • Lord Lexington signs a convention with her in which Queen Anne “engaged to secure her a sovereignty,” 277;
  • Madame de Maintenon divines her concealed project, 277;
  • sends d’Aubigny secretly to France to negotiate with Torcy, 278;
  • her proud feeling of returning to France as a sovereign princess, 278;
  • her towering rage on hearing of the repudiation of the convention by Queen Anne, 279;
  • she believes herself tricked by the English, 279;
  • despatches d’Aubigny to Utrecht, 280;
  • selects a more important personage to continue the negotiations—the Baron de Capres, 281;
  • the delay in the conclusion of the general peace imputed to her, 282;
  • Madame de Maintenon’s letter to her on that subject, 282;
  • hitherto so noble-minded, she is no longer comprehensible throughout this affair, 283;
  • nothing left but to give way; and the Treaty is signed unconditionally, 284;
  • her mortification at the failure of her pretensions, 284;
  • the Court of France is turned against her, 284;
  • she is addressed harshly and laconically by Madame de Maintenon, 284;
  • the Duke of Berwick proves unfriendly, 284;
  • she keeps Philip V. from all private audience, and scandal becomes again busy with her name, 285;
  • an anecdote circulated throughout the French world of fashion—the pendant of “Oh! pour mariée, non!” 285;
  • Philip grows wearied of the complaints, murmurs, and idle talk, 286;
  • his exclamation “Find me a wife! our tête-à-têtes scandalise the people,” 286;
  • her difficulties in the choice of a consort for Philip, 287-289;
  • selects Elizabeth Farnese, 289;
  • her uneasiness at the contradictory reports of the Princess of Parma’s character, 290;
  • she attempts too late to break off the match, 291;
  • that unskilful and tardy opposition prepares her ruin, 291;
  • her prompt, cruel, and decisive disgrace, 291;
  • her meeting with Elizabeth Farnese at Xadraque, 292;
  • the Queen outrageously thrusts Madame des Ursins out of her cabinet, orders her to be arrested and instantaneously conveyed to the French frontiers, 293;
  • her sufferings during the mid-winter journey, 293;
  • her touching relation to Madame de Maintenon, 293;
  • in her seventy-second year she sustains the strength and constancy of her character, 294;
  • recovers all her strength, sang-froid, and wonted equanimity, 295;
  • her just estimate of human instability, 295;
  • St. Simon’s impressive narrative of the terrible night of her rude expulsion (December 24th, 1714), 295;
  • the hard fate reserved for a woman—the founder of a dynasty and liberator of a great kingdom, 295;
  • the active correspondence of her numerous enemies both at Versailles and Madrid, 296;
  • her hopes of returning to the Spanish Court frustrated, 296;
  • the Queen leaves her letters unanswered, 296;
  • Philip declares himself “unable to refuse the maintenance of the measure taken at the instance of the Queen,” 296;
  • Louis XIV. is compelled to be guided by the decision of his grandson, 296;
  • Madame de Maintenon replies by evasive compliments, 296;
  • she perceives that all is at an end as regarded her resumption of power, 296;
  • arrives in Paris and is coldly received by Louis XIV., 296;
  • she quits France and once more fixes her abode in Rome, 297;
  • attaches herself to the fortunes of Prince James Stuart, the Pretender, and does the honours of his house, 297;
  • her death at fourscore and upwards, 297;
  • who were the real authors of the Princess’s disgrace? 297;
  • her political life in Spain characterized, 301;
  • the difference arising from the respective characters of Madame des Ursins and Madame de Maintenon, 301;
  • summary of her life and character, 303;
  • St. Simon’s elaborate portrait of the Princess, 304;
  • his remark—“She reigned in Spain, and her history deserves to be written,” 305;
  • its lesson—the fruitlessness of the devotion of a most gifted woman’s life to the pursuit of politics, 306.

• Vendôme, Cæsar, Duke de, blockades Bordeaux, 14;
  • is made High Admiral and State Minister by Mazarin, 21;
  • pursues the Spanish fleet and threatens the relics of the Fronde at Bordeaux, 21.
• Vendôme, Louis Joseph, Duke de (son of Cæsar), his victory at Villaviciosa, 262;
  • it definitely seats the Bourbons on the throne of Spain, 262.
• Vineuil, M. de, proves a dangerous emissary in Condé’s courtship of “the Queen of Hearts,” Madame de Châtillon, 5;
  • Madame de Montbazon, Madame de Mouy, and the Princess of Wurtemberg, successively experience the effects of his seduction, 5.

• War of the Spanish Succession, the more immediate circumstances that brought it about, 128;
  • Charles II. consults Innocent XI., and secretly bequeaths his crown to the Duke d’Anjou, 142.
• Whigs, the, Queen Anne’s feeling towards that party purely official, 206;
  • they labour to secure the adhesion of Lady Churchill, 207;
  • they triumph in the first struggle, 218;
  • they eject Mansel, Harley, and Bolingbroke, 218;
  • they reckon amongst their ranks Marlborough, Godolphin, Walpole, the army, public opinion, and parliament, 218;
  • the fall of the Ministry through disunion in itself, 233;
  • Dr. Sacheverel’s affair contributes to ruin the Whigs in the Queen’s favour, 234;
  • the disgrace of the Duchess involves the fall of the Whigs, 242.