National Policy Tariff, 414
Naval Treaty, 480
Necessity, Fort, 224
Neilson, John, Canadian journalist, 338, 339
Nelson, Wolfred, Canadian reformer, 330, 352, 356, 357, 368
Neutral Nation (Attiwandaronks), 117
Newark (Niagara), 306; burned by American troops, 330
New Brunswick, province of, 5, 6; separated from Nova Scotia, 302; enters Confederation, 373, 374, 412
Newspapers, 426
Niagara, falls of, 186
Niagara, Fort, 231, 247, 253, 426
Nipissing Lake, 81, 82; Indians of, ib., 115
Non-intervention, 460
Norse voyages to America, 19, 20
Northwest Company, 382-385
Northwest of Canada, 10, 11; history of, 381-401; resources and progress of, 11, 392; mounted police of, 401, 481; Indians of, rebellions in, 387-402; monuments to victims of, 400; government of, 428
Northwest Passage, 465
Norumbega, 28, 54; memorials of, ib.
Nova Scotia, 5, 6; named, 96; first assembly of, 302; enters Confederation, 373, 374, 413
Ocean steamships. See Royal William
Ohio, valley of the, contest for, 223, 229, 230, 242; Indian raids in (Pontiac's War), 273
Oil discoveries, 476
Oneidas, division of Iroquois Confederation, 118. See Iroquois
Onondagas, division of Iroquois Confederation, 118. See Iroquois
Onontio. See Montmagny
Ontario, province of, 10; name of, ib., 374; first known as Upper or Western Canada, 303; enters Confederation, 374; Hydro-Electric Commission, 476; Agricultural College, 482
Oregon boundary question, 375
Orleans, Island of, 36
Oswego (Choueguën), Fort, 222, 227
Ottawa River, 78
Otter, Colonel, 397
Ouigoudi (St. John's River, N.B.), 53
Papineau, Louis J., Canadian Reformer, 339; career of, 339, 351, 352, 357, 368; portrait of, 341
Parlby, Irene, 479
Parliament, House at Quebec, in 1792, 305; at Newark, 306, 307; burned at Montreal in 1849, 370; view of, at Ottawa, 427; constitution of Canadian, 428; at Ottawa burned, 468; rebuilt, 472
Peary, Admiral, 464
Peltrie, Madame de la, 131, 132
Pemaquid, Fort, 213
Pension Bill, 470
Phipps, Admiral, attacks Quebec, 199-201
Poets of French Canada, 450
Pontiac, Ottawa chief, 270, 271; his war against English, 271-274; death of, 274
Population of Canada; (in 1757), 225; (1792), 303; (1812), 320; (1838), 358; (1861), 366; French population, 358, 425
Port Arthur, 478
Port Royal, founded, 52, 54; destroyed by Argall, 64; restored, 99; taken by Nicholson, 206; called Annapolis Royal, ib.; its present aspect, 52
Postage reform, 432
Pouchot, 247
Poundmaker, Indian chief, 395, 398
Poutrincourt, Baron de, founds Port Royal, 54; career of, in America, 53-61; death of, 66
Prevost, General, Canadian governor, military incapacity of, 325, 332
Prince of Wales, 472
Prince Edward Island (St. Jean), 5, 243, 244; separated from Nova Scotia, 302; enters Confederation, 403. See Charlottetown
Privy Council. See Judicial Committee
Proclamation of 1763, 274, 275
Progressive Party, 474
Protective policy, 458
Quebec Act of 1774, 276-279
Quebec Bridge, 470
Quebec, city of, 1-3; named, 70; founded, 70; taken by Kirk, 88; besieged by Phipps, 199-201; by Wolfe, 248-257; plan of siege of 1759, 251; surrender of, 258; besieged by Lévis, 262; by Arnold and Montgomery, 284-286; view of, in 1760, 270; in 1896, 434. See Château St. Louis
Quebec Conference of 1864, Confederation proposed, 372
Quebec, province of, 8, 9; enters Confederation, 374
Radisson, Sieur, 17
Rale, Sebastian, missionary in Acadia, 212
Ramesay, M. de, in Acadia, 219; surrenders Quebec, 258
Razilly, Isaac de, in Acadia, 97-99
Rebellion Losses, Riots of 1849, 369, 370
Rebellions in Canada; of 1837, in Lower Canada, 338-343, 351, 353-357; in Upper Canada, 344-351, 353-355; in the Northwest (1869), 387-392; (1885), 393-400
Reciprocity Treaty, 376
Recollets or Franciscans, 80, 81, 89
Red River settlement (Assiniboia), 384-387; insurrection at (1869-70), 387-392. See Riel
Republican ideas, 462
Responsible Government in Canada, 361-365; in Nova Scotia, 362-364; in New Brunswick, 364; in P. E. Island, ib.; in British Columbia, 405; famous advocates of, 364, 365
Revenue and Expenditure of Canada, 425
Revolution, American. See American Revolution
Richardson, Major, Canadian author, 271
Richelieu, Cardinal, 86
Riel, Louis, rebels against Canada in 1869, 388; in 1885, 393-400; execution of, 379
Roberval, Jean François de la Roque, 45, 46
Robinson, Chief Justice, 344
Robinson, Christopher, 298
Roche, Marquis de la, 47
Rogers, Major Robert, 269
Rolph, Dr. John, Canadian Reformer, 353
Roman Catholics of Canada, freed from civil disabilities, 278
Root, Mr. Elihu, 430
Royal Mint, 468
Royal William, first steamship to cross Atlantic, 358
Rupert's Land, 381; history of, under fur traders, 381-386; part of Dominion, 387. See Northwest of Canada
Ryswick, Treaty of, 204
St. Alban's Bank, raid on, 377
Saint-Castin, Baron de, in Acadia, 171, 172
St. Croix, Island of, in Acadia, 53, 54
St. Croix River, 36
St. Foy, Battle of, 262
St. Ignace, mission of, attacked by Iroquois, 142
St. John River, 53; La Tour's fort on, 99, 103
St. Joseph, mission of, attacked by Iroquois, 142
St. Lawrence River, discovery of, 34, 35; valley of, 8; mountains of, ib.
St. Lawrence, deepening of canals, 418, 419
St. Louis, Château. See Château St. Louis
Saint-Lusson, Sieur, in the West, 177
St. Pierre and Miquelon, Isles of, 266
St. Sacrément, Lac du (Lake George), 137
Ste. Anne de Beaupré, Canadian Lourdes, 439, 440; view of church at, 441
Ste. Marie, Jesuit mission, 141, 143, 145
Saguenay River, 35
Salaberry, Colonel de, at Chateaugay, 328; portrait of, 329
Salle, Sieur de la, in the West, 183-188; on the Mississippi, 188, 189; assassination of, 190; autograph and portrait of, 185
"Sam Slick." See Haliburton
San Juan difficulty, 375
Saskatchewan River, Riel's rebellion in district of, 393-400; monument on, 400
Sault-au-Matelot, 286
Saunders, Dr. Chas. E., 463
Schools. See Education
Schultz, Dr., at Red River, 390
Scott, Thomas, murdered by Riel, 390, 391
Secord, Laura, her courage, 326
Seigniorial Tenure, 87, 165; abolition of, 367
Selkirk, Lord, on the Red River, 384; death of, 385
Senate of Canada, 428
Senecas, division of the Iroquois Confederation, 118. See Iroquois
Shipbuilding, 421
Shirley, General, 231
Sillery, 133
Simcoe, General, lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada, 306, 309-311; portrait of, 311
Six Nations. See Iroquois
Smith, Sir Donald, at Red River, 390
Smith, Mary E., 479
Souriquois. See Micmacs
South African War, 432-433
Stadacona (Quebec), 36
"Starved Rock" on the Illinois, 189
Stoney Creek, battle of, 325
Strachan, Bishop, 342, 347; portrait of, ib.
Strathcona, Lord, 465
Strange, Colonel, 397
Stefansson, Vilhjalmur, 464
Sulpicians in Canada, 133, 136, 157, 158
Sulte, Benjamin, French Canadian author, 448
Sydenham, Lord. See Thomson, Poulett
Talbot, Thomas, 310
Talon, J. Baptiste, Canadian Intendant, 157, 168
Tariff, revision of, 415; war with Germany, 415; British preference, 415, 416; commercial treaty with France, 416
Tecumseh, Indian Chief, 322, 327
Temple, Sir Thomas, in Acadia, 108
Thayendanegea. See Brant, Joseph
Thompson, Sir John, Canadian premier, 324, 415, 458
Thomson, Poulett (Lord Sydenham), Canadian governor, 361, 362
Ticonderoga (Carillon), Fort, 222, 248, 434
Tilley, Sir Leonard, Canadian statesman a founder of confederation, 412
Titles, 462
Tobacco Nation (Tionotates), 117, 144
Touty, Henry de (of the copper hand), 186, 188, 208
Toronto (Fort Rouillé), 222, 247; first known as York, 309; University of, 347
Tracy, Marquis de, Canadian viceroy, 152, 155
Trapper, Canadian, 173
Trinity, Cape, 9
Trinity College at Toronto, founded, 347
Tupper, Sir Charles, Canadian statesman, 298, 368; a founder of confederation, 373, 412, 415, 464, 465
Turner, Mr. George, 430
Tuscaroras. See Iroquois.