error m. error, mistake

escalera f. staircase

escalón m. step

escándalo m. scandal; astonishment

escapar(se) escape

escaso, -a scanty, trifling

escena f. scene, stage

esclavo m. slave

escoger choose

escolta f. escort

escoltar escort

esconder hide

escondido, -a (pp. of esconder) hidden

Escorial m. the Escorial, see note

escorpión m. scorpion

escriba m. scribe

escribir irreg. write

escrito, -a (pp. irreg. of escribir) written

escrito m. writing, manuscript; paper

escuchar listen, hearken to, hear

escudriñar scrutinize, examine

escupir spit

ese, -a, pl. esos, -as, that (near person addressed); those

ése, -a, pl. ésos, -as, that one, those

esencia f. essence

esforzarse irreg. make efforts, struggle

esfuerzo m. effort

eso that; ~ es that is right; por ~ for that reason, that is why

espacio m. space, place; interval of time; en breve ~ quickly

espada f. sword

espalda f. back, shoulders; a ~ s de back of, behind; a la ~ at the back, in the rear, up stage; llevar a la ~ carry, wear on one's back

espantajo m. scarecrow

espantar terrify, frighten

espanto m. consternation, fright, wonder

España f. Spain

español, -a Spanish

español m. Spaniard

espectro m. specter, shade

espejo m. mirror

esperanza f. hope

esperar await, expect, hope

espía m. f. spy

espíritu m. spirit

esposa f. wife

esposo m. husband

espuma f. foam; ~ s waves, seas

esquina f. corner

esquivar shun, avoid, evade

estado m. state, nation

estallar burst

estar irreg. be; suit, become; está bien all right; ~ para be about to; no está he is not here

este, -a, pl. estos, -as, this, these

éste, -a, pl. éstos, -as, this one, these; the latter

estimar esteem; ~ en mucho value highly

esto this

estorbar molest, prevent, interfere with, block

estorbo m. obstacle, hindrance

estrago m. damage

estrambote m. verses added to a sonnet or other metrical combination for the sake of greater emphasis or humor; envoy

estrella f. star; destiny; con mala ~ ill-starred

estrellarse be dashed to pieces, be shivered, be shattered

estremecerse irreg. shudder

estrenarse be presented for the first time (of a drama)

estrujar press, crush, crumple

estudio m. study

estupendo, -a stupendous

eternidad f. eternity

eterno, -a eternal

Europa f. Europe

evitar avoid, shun, save

exagerado, -a (pp. of exagerar) exaggerated

exaltación f. exaltation, passion

examinar examine, investigate

excelencia f. excellence; Excellency (usual title given to persons high in office or of istinction)

excelente excellent

excelso, -a high, sublime

excusado, -a (pp. of excusar) excused, reserved; calle ~ unfrequented street

excusar excuse, omit

execrar execrate, abominate

exhortar exhort, admonish

exigir demand

existencia f. existence

existir exist

expedito, -a free, open

experiencia f. experience

expirar expire

explicar explain

expresar express

expresión f. expression

exquisito, -a exquisite

exterior exterior, outside

extinguido, -a (pp. of extinguir) extinguished, extinct

extinguir extinguish

extranjero, -a foreign, strange

extranjero m. foreigner, stranger

extrañar marvel at, astonish; ~ se de marvel at

extrañeza f. strangeness; surprise, wonderment

extraño, -a strange, singular, extravagant, foreign

extraordinario, -a extraordinary

extravío m. deviation; disorder con ~ incoherently

extremo, -a extreme; en ~ extremely fácil easy

fachada f. façade

falsificar falsify, forge

falso, -a false

faltar be lacking, fail; lo que de Dios os falta what God has in store for you

fama f. fame, reputation

familia f.. family

famoso, -a famous; great, excellent

farol m. lantern

farolillo m. (dimin. of farol) little lantern

fascinar fascinate

fastidio m. annoyance

fatal fatal, ominous

fausto, -a happy, prosperous

favor m. favor

favorito m. favorite

faz f. face

fe f. faith; a ~ in truth, in good earnest; por mi ~ de caballero on my sacred honor, on my word as a gentleman

febrero m. February

felicidad f. happiness

Felipe Philip

feliz (pl. felices) happy, that brings happiness

ferocidad f. ferocity

feroz (pl. feroces) ferocious, wild, savage, rebellious

festejo m. feast, entertainment

fiel faithful, trustworthy

fijamente fixedly

fijarse en fix eyes or attention on

fijo, -a fixed

fila f. rank, row, file

filosofía f. philosophy

fin m. and f. end, conclusion; purpose; al ~ y al cabo after all is said and done, finally; dar ~ finish; en ~ finally, after all, in short; a ~ de que in order that; por ~ finally

final m. conclusion

fineza f. delicacy, favor

firma f. signature

firmar sign

firme firm, steady

Flandes m. Flanders

flor f. flower

fondo m. background (center), bottom, back (of stage)

forma f. form

formar form

fortuna f. fortune, chance; por ~ perchance

forzado, -a (pp. of forzar) forced

frágil fragile, frail, weak

Francisco proper name

frase f. phrase, sentence

frenesí m. frenzy

frente f. forehead, brow; en ~ de in front of, opposite; al ~ de in front of, at the beginning of; ~ a ~ face to face

frescura f. coolness, tranquillity

frialdad f. coldness; con ~ coldly

frío, -a cold

friolera f. trifle

frotar rub

fruto m. fruit

fuego m. fire

Fuenterrabía see note

fuera outside; ~ de outside of, beyond, away from, besides; ~ de sí beside himself

fuerte strong, powerful; bitter

fuerza f. force, strength, violence; es ~ it is necessary

fuga f. flight, escape

fugaz (pl. fugaces) fleeting

funesto, -a sinister, fatal

furibundo, -a furious

furioso, -a furious

furor m. fury

futuro, -a future gala f. parade, present, honor

galán gallant

galán m. gallant

galería f. gallery

gana f. desire; de mala ~ unwillingly, reluctantly

ganado, -a (pp. of ganar) won; winner

ganar gain, conquer, win

ganso m. goose

Gaspar proper name

gastar spend, waste; wear, use (habitually); act, behave (e.g. ~ mal humor be ill-humored)

gemido m. groan, moan

gemir irreg. groan; suffer

general general

general m. general

generoso, -a generous, noble

genio m. genius, character, temper, humor; embodiment

gente f. people, men

gesto m. face, expression

Girón proper name

gloria f. glory; ni en la ~ not even in heaven itself, what could be better?

glorioso, -a glorious

gobernador, -a governor

gobernar irreg. govern, rule

gobierno m. government

golpe m. blow, wound, shock, thrust

gota f. drop

gozar en, de, or con rejoice in, enjoy, revel in

gozo m. joy, rejoicing, keen pleasure

grabar engrave

gracia f. grace, wit, joke; favor; ~ s thanks; ~ s a Dios thank heaven; por ~ for a joke; hacer ~ a please, amuse; tener ~ be witty, be funny

gracioso, -a free, graceful, easy; gracioso porte easy carriage

grada f. step, stair; ~ s perron

gradería f. steps

grajo m. jackdaw

gran see grande

grande great, large

grandeza f. greatness, eminence

gratitud f. gratitude

grey f. flock

grillos m. pl. fetters, irons

grito m. shout, cry

grotesco, -a grotesque

grupo m. group

guardar guard, protect, keep, watch over; guárdeos Dios farewell; ~ silencio remain silent

guardarropa f. wardrobe, clothes-press

guardarropía f. wardrobe (theatrical)

guardia f. guard, policeman; ponerse en ~ put one's self on one's guard

guerra f. war

guiar guide, lead

gusto m. pleasure; a vuestro ~ to your liking; de ~ with pleasure

Guzmán family name; el de ~ = el Conde-Duque de Olivares haber irreg. have; ~ de have to, be to, must; hay, había, etc. there is, there are, etc.; ~ menester have need of; hay (etc.) que it is necessary, one must; qué ha habido what has happened; no ha mucho not long ago

hábil capable, clever, cunning

habilidad f. ability, cunning

habitación f. room, apartment, suite of rooms

hábito m. habit, custom; dress; insignia, order

hablar speak, talk, discuss; qué hablará consigo mismo what can he be muttering to himself; ~ para si talk to one's self

hacer irreg. do, make, act, cause, have; ~ se become; se hace tarde it is getting late; hace (in impers. expr. of time) ago; ~ agua leak; ~ compañía accompany; ~ la corte a do honor to, pay court to; ~ cruces cross one's self; ~ gracia please, amuse; ~ presente present, state, bring to one's attention; ~ voto vow; ~ una salva fire a salute

hacia toward; ~ aquí in this direction

halagüeño, -a attractive, alluring, flattering

hallar find; ~ se be (estar)

hambre f. hunger

harto, -a satiated

harto enough

hasta as far as, until, towards, even to, even; ~ que until

hazaña f. deed

hecho (pp. irreg. of hacer)

hecho m. deed, fact, action

helado, -a (pp. of helar) frozen, chilled

heredar inherit

heredero m. heir; príncipe ~ crown prince

herir irreg. wound, strike

hermana f. sister; prima ~ first cousin

hermano m. brother

hermoso, -a beautiful

heroico, -a heroic

heroísmo m. heroism

hidalgo m. nobleman

hiel f. bitterness, gall

hielo m. ice

hierba f. grass

hierro m. iron, steel; sword

hijo m. son, child

hipocresía hypocrisy, dissimulation

hipócrita m. hypocritical

historia f. history, story, fable, tale, yarn; rot!

hoja f. leaf; ~ s leaves of (folding or sliding) door

hola hello, ho

holgarse de irreg. take pleasure in

hombre m. man

hombro m. shoulder

hondo, -a deep, dark; honda querella bitter complaint

honor m. honor

honra f. honor

honrar honor

honroso, -a honorable, creditable

hora f. hour, appointed time; es ~ de que it is time that; a estas ~ s now, at this moment

horca f. gallows

horizonte m. horizon

horrendo, -a dreadful, hideous

horrible horrible

horror m. horror; qué ~ how horrible

hostilidad f. hostility

hoy to-day; ~ mismo this very day; de ~ en más from now on, henceforth

huirse irreg. flee, escape

humanidad f. humanity

humano, -a human

humedecer irreg. moisten; grow wet, grow moist

húmedo, -a damp, wet

humilde humble

humillación f. humiliation, abjectness

humillado, -a (pp. of humillar) humiliated, humbled

humillar humble, crush, degrade

humo m. smoke

humor m. humor; de mal ~ ill-humoredly; estar de ~ be in good humor

hundir plunge, crush; ~ se crumble, collapse idea f. idea

ideal ideal

ídem idem, the same

ignorar be ignorant of, be in ignorance

igual equal, similar, fair

ijar m. flank, side

iluminado, -a (pp. of iluminar) illuminated

iluminar illuminate

ilusión f. illusion

ilustre illustrious, glorious

imagen f. image

imaginar imagine

imaginario, -a imaginary

imbécil imbecile, mad

imbécil m. imbecile, ass

imitar imitate

impaciencia f. impatience

impacientarse grow impatient

impaciente impatient

impasible impassible, motionless

imperial imperial

imperio m. empire, command, imperiousness; con ~ arrogantly, in commanding tone

imperioso, -a imperious, commanding

impío, -a impious, wicked

imponer irreg. impose

importar be of importance, matter, concern; importe que importe matter what it may, at any rate

importuno, -a unseasonable, annoying

imposible impossible

impostor m. impostor

improviso, -a unexpected, unforeseen; de ~ suddenly, unexpectedly

impuro, -a impure, unfaithful

incapaz (pl. -ces) incapable

incauto, -a incautious, rash

incertidumbre f. uncertainty

incisivo, -a incisive

inclinación f. inclination, bow

inclinarse bow

ínclito, -a renowned, illustrious

incorporarse join, mingle with

indagar investigate, inquire

independiente independent

indiferencia f. indifference

indignado, -a (pp. of indignar) indignant, angry

indispuesto, -a indisposed, unwell

inédito, -a unpublished

Inés proper name

inevitable inevitable

infame infamous, abominable

infamia f. infamy

infante, -a infante, infanta (legitimate child of Spanish royal blood)

infeliz unhappy, wretched

inferir irreg. infer

infernal infernal, hellish

infierno m. hell

infinito, -a infinite; as adv. immeasurably

influir irreg. influence, exercise influence

infructuoso, -a fruitless, vain

infundir imbue with, inspire

ingenio m. talent, cleverness, brilliancy

iniquidad f. iniquity, wickedness

injusto, -a unjust

inmediatamente immediately, instantly

inmenso, -a immense, unbounded, infinite

inmóvil motionless

inocencia f. innocence

inocente innocent

inquietud f. disquietude; con ~ restlessly

inquirir irreg. inquire into, investigate

insistir (en) insist (upon)

instantáneo, -a instantaneous

instante m. instant

insulso, -a stupid, insipid

insultar insult

insulto m. insult

intacto, -a intact, untouched

inteligencia f. intelligence

intención f. intention, meaning

intentar try, intend, mean

intento m. intent, purpose, design

intercalado, -a (pp. of intercalar) interpolated

intercalar interpolate, insert

interceptar intercept

interés m. interest, advantage

interior interior, inside

interior m. interior

interpretar interpret

interrumpir interrupt

introducir irreg. introduce, lead in

inundar inundate, flood

inútil useless; me era ~ I had no occasion for

invención f. invention, fabrication

invocar invoke

ir irreg. go; be (with pres. part.); ~ se go away; vase exit; vamos come, why; vaya come, well, indeed; vaya un what a; ~ a (infin.) start to; vamos a otra cosa let's talk of something else; van ya muchos años que it is many years now since; todo va bien everything is all right; muy bien os va con you are making fine progress with; id con Dios God be with you, good-by; va de tahur a tahur it is gambler against gambler; va que se le lleva el aire he goes as if he were walking on air; se nos fué de entre las manos slipped from our grasp

ironía f. irony

irónicamente ironically

irónico, -a ironical

irresistible irresistible

irritar irritate; ~ se be stirred, be provoked, be aroused

isla f. island

ítem also, moreover; con el ~ with the additional circumstance

izquierdo, -a left (opp. of derecho) ja ha

jamás never, ever

jardín m. garden

jaspeado, -a (pp. of jaspear) spotted, mottled

Jesucristo Jesus Christ; good God!

Jesús Jesus; Lord!

jornada f. journey, expedition; occasion; nuestra es la ~ the day is ours; al fin de la ~ the day's work done

joven young

jovial jovial

joya f. jewel

joyel m. jewel

Juan John

júbilo m. jubilation, joy

Judás Judas (Iscariot)

jueves m. Thursday; ~ santo Maundy Thursday

jugar irreg. play

juglar m. buffoon

juguetón, -a playful, sportive

juicio m. judgment, opinion; good sense, prudence; perder el ~ lose one's head, go mad

junto, -a near, close, beside; ~ s together, side by side; ~ a beside, near, at the side of

jurar swear

juro m. right of perpetual property; ~ de heredad hereditary and perpetual property

justicia f. justice

justo, -a just, right, proper

juzgar judge, consider la the; her, it; to her, to it

labio m. lip

labor f. labor, undertaking; ~ de mujer embroidery, needlework

labrador m. laborer, workman

lacio, -a faded, flaccid, languid

lado m. side

La Grana proper name

lágrima f. tear

lance m. incident, situation, affair, quarrel

lanzar hurl; ~ se rush, dart

lanzón m. (augm. of lanza) great lance

largo, -a long; a paso ~ quickly, hurriedly

largueza f. largess, generosity

lástima f. pity; ~ que what a pity that; es ~ it is a pity

lastimarse grieve, complain

lateral lateral

latido m. beat, beating (of heart)

laurel m. laurel

lazo m. bond

le him, it; to him, to her, to it

leal loyal, true

lealtad f. loyalty

lector m. reader

lectura f. reading

leer read

lejano, -a distant

lengua f. tongue

lentamente slowly

lentitud f. slowness, deliberation

León m. city in northwestern part of Spain

letra f. letter

letrilla f. rondelet; usually humorous or satirical. It is divided into strophes, at the end of each of which the general thought of the composition is briefly repeated after the manner of a refrain

levantado, -a (pp. of levantar) raised

levantar raise; ~ se rise

leve slight

ley f. law; de ~ by law, by right; sin dios y sin ~ godless and lawless

librar free

libre free, unoccupied

libro m. book

lid f. contest, fight

lidiar fight

ligero, -a light, hasty, thoughtless

limpio, -a clean, neat; sacar en ~ find out definitely, come to a conclusion

línea f. line

linterna f. lantern

Lisboa f. Lisbon

liso, -a smooth

lisonja f. flattery, compliment

lisonjero, -a flattering, complimentary, agreeable

litera f. litter, stretcher

liviano, -a light, fickle, frivolous

lo it, him; the

loco, -a mad, crazy

lograr obtain, succeed in, attain

Lucifer Lucifer

lucha f. struggle

luchar struggle, fight, contend

luego soon, then, presently, at once; ~ que as soon as, when; hasta ~ good-by (implies only a short separation)

lúgubre sad, mournful, gloomy

luna f. moon

luto m. mourning

luz f. light; luces knowledge, enlightenment llamar call, summon; ~ se be called, named

llanamente frankly

llano, -a clear, evident

llanto m. weeping, tears

llave f. key

llegar arrive, approach, reach; ~ se approach; ~ a (infin.) come to, succeed in

lleno, -a full

llevar carry, bear, wear; ~ se take, carry off; ~ un golpe receive a blow; lleve tu palabra el diablo to the devil with what you've got to say

llorar weep, lament madre f. mother

Madrid m. Madrid

maestro m. teacher, tutor

magín m. fancy, imagination

majestad f. majesty

mal badly, ill; ~ seguro, -a unsafe, insecure

mal m. evil, harm, ill; por mi ~ to my injury, to my misfortune, to my sorrow

maldad f. wickedness

maldecir irreg. curse

maldito, -a (pp. irreg. of maldecir) cursed, accursed

maliciosamente maliciously, mischievously

malicioso, -a malicious, mischievous, sly

mal(o), -a bad, poor, ill, wicked

malvado, -a wicked, unscrupulous

malla f. coat of mail

mancebía f. brothel

mandar command, order

mandato m. order, command

mandíbula f. jaw; reírse a ~ s batientes laugh loud and long

mando m. command, bidding

manera f. manner

manifestar irreg. manifest

maniobra f. maneuver

mano f. hand

mansión f. mansion

manso, -a tame, meek, placid

mantener irreg. maintain, keep; ~ se continue

manto m. mantle, cloak

Mantua f. Mantua

maña f. skill, cunning

mañana to-morrow

mañana f. morning; ~ será otro día to-morrow things will be different

maquinación f. machination

maquinalmente mechanically

mar m. sea; pl. seas, waters

marcado, -a (pp. of marcar) marked

marcha f. march, departure; en ~ march

marchar march; ~ se go away

Margarita proper name

marido m. husband

marqués m. marquis

Marte Mars, god of war

mártir m. and f. martyr

martirio m. martyrdom

mas but

más more, most, further; of higher rank; ~ bien rather; a ~ further, besides; de hoy en ~ from now on, henceforth; mientras ~... ~ the more... the more; por ~ que however much

matador m. and adj. killer, murderer; murderously inclined

matar kill; put out, extinguish

materno, -a maternal

matrimonio m. matrimony, marriage

mayor (comp. of grande) greater, greatest

maza f. object fastened to a person's clothing in order to make sport of him; something noisy tied to dog's tail

me me, to me

Medina proper name

medio, -a half, middle

medio m. middle, means, resort; en ~ de in the middle of

meditar meditate

mejilla f. cheek

mejor (comp. of bueno) better, best; all the better; fine! ~ que ~ better than ever! great!

mejoreo m. advantage; constant use of the word mejor

mejoría f. betterment, advantage; improvement, superiority

memoria f. memory

memorial m. petition

Mendaña proper name

mendigar beg

menester necessary

mengua f. diminution, wane; disgrace, shame

menina f. little girl-in-waiting

menor (comp. of pequeño) smaller, less, least

menos (comp. of poco) less, least; of lower rank; por ~ at least; al ~ at least; lo ~ at least; no es para ~ la cosa the situation well warrants it

menos except

mental mental

mente f. mind, understanding, intelligence

mentir irreg. lie, misrepresent, attribute falsely

mentira f. lie, untruth; lies

meollo m. brain, marrow; understanding; tener seco el ~ have lost one's wits, have gone crazy

merced f. favor, grace

merecer irreg. deserve; receive a favor at the hands of

merienda f. lunch; food; siempre las memorias son ~ del olvido memories were ever food for forgetfulness

mes m. month

mesa f. table, desk

meseta f. landing (of stairs)

metralla f. grape-shot

mezquino, -a wretched

mi my

mí me

miedo m. fear; tener ~ be afraid

mientras while; during; ~ que while; ~ más (menos)... más (menos) the more (less)... the more (less)

mil thousand, a thousand

militar military, martial

millón m. million, a million

mina f. mine

ministro m. minister; ~ de Estado Secretary of State

minuto m. minute

mío, -a my; el mío, la mía, mine

mirada f. glance, gaze, look

mirar look at, regard, gaze upon, see; mira que consider that, remember that

misa f. mass

misericordia f. mercy

mísero, -a miserable, wretched; ~ de alas for

mismísimo, -a selfsame; el ~ diablo the very devil himself

mismo, -a self, same, very

misterio m. mystery, mysteriousness, secrecy

mitad f. half; middle, midst

modelo m. model

modo m. way, manner; de cualquier ~ in any way possible; en cierto ~ in a certain sense; de ~ que so that, in such a way that; con discretos ~ s cleverly

mofa f. mockery, ridicule

momento m. moment, instant; al ~ instantly, at once

monarca m. monarch

monta f. importance, moment

monte m. mountain

montón m. heap; a ~ es in great abundance

monumento m. monument

morada f. abode, dwelling

morar live, dwell

mordaza f. gag

moribundo, -a moribund, at point of death

morir irreg. die; ~ se die

mortal mortal; near death

mostrar irreg. show

movimiento m. movement, motion

mucho, -a much; pl. many

mucho much, very, greatly

mudar change; ~ de change one's

mudo, -a mute, silent

mueble m. piece of furniture

muerte f. death; a ~ o a vida life or death! a forlorn hope

muerto, -a (pp. irreg. of morir or matar) dead, killed; exhausted

muestra f. sample; sign, indication

mujer f. woman

mundo m. world

muralla f. wall (of town)

musa f. muse, inspiration

mustio, -a sad; languid

muy very, very much nacer irreg. be born

nación f. nation

nada nothing, anything; enough

nadie no one, nobody, anybody, somebody

nariz f. nose

narizado, -a big-nosed

narración f. narration, narrative, account

Nasón Publius Ovidius Naso, Latin poet, born 48 b.c., died 18 a.d.

natural natural

naturalidad f. naturalness

navío m. ship

necesario, -a necessary

necesitar need

necio, -a foolish, ignorant, stupid

necio m. fool

nefando, -a abominable

negar irreg. deny

negocio m. business, affair, occupation

negro, -a black, dark, gloomy, wretched; negro afán dire anxiety

nema f. seal

nequáquam by no means, not a bit of it

ni nor, neither, not even; ~ aun not even

nicho m. niche

nido m. nest; berth

nieta f. granddaughter

nieto m. grandson

niña f. child, girl

niño m. child, boy

nivel m. level

no no, not

noble noble, illustrious

noche f. night; de ~ at night; esta ~ to-night; buenas ~ s good night; ~ de truenos stormy night, black night

nombrar name, appoint

nombre m. name, fame, reputation; en su ~ for him; juro a mi ~ upon my honor

nos us, to us

nosotros, -as we, us

notar note

noto m. south wind

notorio, -a notorious; público y ~ see público

nube f. cloud; ~ s de arrebol brilliant sky

nuestro, -a our, ours; el nuestro, la nuestra, our, ours

nuevo, -a new, fresh; qué hay de ~ what is the news; de ~ again, anew

numen m. divinity, muse; inspiration

nunca never

nuncio m. messenger, harbinger

nupcial nuptial o or; ~... ~ either... or

obedecer irreg. obey

obediencia f. obedience

obediente obedient

obligación f. obligation

obligar oblige, force

obra f. act; pl. behavior, actions

obrar operate, act

observación f. observation, remark

observar observe

obtener irreg. obtain

Ocaña f. see note

ocasión f. occasion; a ~ dichosa at just the right moment

ocioso, -a idle

ocultar hide

oculto, -a hidden

ocupar occupy; ~ se de occupy one's self in, concern one's self about

ocurrencia f. occurrence; witty sally, idea

ocurrir occur

ocho eight

odiar hate

odio m. hatred; pl. hatred

oficio m. business, office, occupation

ofrecer irreg. offer, volunteer

oh oh

oído, -a (pp. of oír) heard

oído m. hearing, ear

oír irreg. hear, listen

ojo m. eye

ola f. wave

Olivares proper name

olvidado, -a (pp. of olvidar) forgotten; forgetful

olvidar forget; ~ se de forget

olvido m. forgetfulness; oblivion

opinión f. opinion

oponer(se) irreg. oppose

opuesto, -a (pp. of oponer) opposite

oración f. speech; sentence; prayer

orar pray

órden f. order, command, direction

órgano m. organ

orgullo m. pride

origen m. origin

orilla f. shore; morir ahogado en la ~ fail with success within one's grasp

Ormuz m. Ormuz, cf. note

oro m. gold

os you, to you

osado, -a (pp. of osar) daring, presumptuous

osar dare

oscuridad f. obscurity, darkness

oscuro, -a obscure, dark; a oscuras in the dark

Osorio proper name

ostentoso, -a ostentatious

Osuna Osuna, cf. Hist. Introd.

otro, -a other, another

Ovidio cf. Nasón Pablo proper name

pábulo m. food

padecer irreg. suffer

padecimiento m. suffering

padre m. father

padrón m. pattern, model; column, post with inscription; ~ de infamia mark of infamy

paga f. pay, reward

pagar pay, pay for

pago m. pay, payment; fee

paje m. page

pajuela m. sulphur match; piece of wicking dipped in sulphur

palabra f. word

palaciego, -a of the palace

palacio m. palace

Palermo m. Palermo, see note

pálido, -a pallid, pale

palma f. palm

palpar feel

pan m. bread

papel m. paper

papelito m. (dimin. of papel) slip of paper

par m. pair, equal, peer; sin ~ unequaled, matchless; a ~ together

para for, to, in order to; estar ~ be about to; ~ que in order to, in order that

parabién m. congratulations

parar stop, put a stop to; ~ se stop, pause

pardiez by Jove

parecer irreg. seem; me parece I think; al ~ apparently; ~ se a resemble

pared f. wall

pareja f. pair, couple

parentela f. kindred, relations

párpado m. eyelid

parte f. part, place, spot; en cualquier ~ anywhere

particular particular, special; personal, private

partida f. departure; ¡de ~ ! on our way!

partir part, divide; depart, start; share

pasar pass, happen; pierce; pass out; qué pasa por mí what is happening to me, what is wrong with me

pasearse walk about

pasión f. passion

paso m. step, passage, way; al ~ immediately; a ~ largo hurriedly, quickly; abrir ~ make way for; cerrar el ~ prevent, interfere; dar un ~ take a step, move; dar ~ make way; dejar ~ let pass, make way for

patria f. country, fatherland

pausa f. pause

paz f. peace; venir de ~ a friend (answer to challenge of sentry)

pecar sin, err

pecho m. breast, chest; heart

pedazo m. piece, fragment

pedir irreg. ask, ask for, demand

pedrisco m. hailstorm; shower of stones

pegado, -a (pp. of pegar) fastened, joined

peje m. fish; ~ espada swordfish

peligro m. danger

peligroso, -a dangerous

pena f. pain, trouble, affliction, penalty

pendiente pending, hanging in air; unfinished

pensamiento m. mind, thought

pensar irreg. think, intend

pensativo, -a pensive

pensión f. pension, toil

peor (comp. of malo) worse, worst

pequeño, -a small

percance m. mischance, misfortune

percibir perceive, feel; collect

perder irreg. lose, ruin; ~ se be ruined, be lost

perdido, -a (pp. of perder) lost, undone

perdón m. pardon

perdonar pardon

peregrino, -a strange

perfección f. perfection

perfectamente perfectly; all right, well and good

permanecer irreg. remain

permitido, -a (pp. of permitir) permitted

permitir permit

Pernambuco cf. note

pero but

perpetuo, -a perpetual

perro m. dog

perseguir irreg. pursue, beset, persecute

persona f. person

personaje m. personage; character (in theater)

persuasión f. persuasion

pesado, -a heavy, stupid, serious

pesar weigh, cause regret, trouble

pesar m. regret, sorrow; a ~ de in spite of; a su ~ in spite of herself

peso m. weight

pesquisa f. search, inquiry

petición f. petition, appeal

picante piquant, keen, stinging, hot

pie m. foot; al ~ de at the foot of, beside; al ~ de la letra literally

piedad f. mercy; por ~ for pity's sake

piloto m. pilot

pinta f. edge line on card denoting suit; outward appearance

pintado, -a (pp. of pintar) painted; os está que ni ~ nothing could be more becoming to you

pintar color, paint

pío, -a pious, devout

piropo m. compliment

pista f. trail, track, clue

pistola f. pistol

placer irreg. please, content; plega a Dios God grant

placer m. pleasure; ser de ~ be agreeable, be enjoyable

plan m. plan

plantar plant; ~ se el sombrero put on one's hat

plaza f. city square

plazo m. space of time, term

plazuela f. (dimin. of plaza) little square

plegaria f. prayer, petition

pleito m. lawsuit; estar en ~ be in the courts, be in doubt

pliego m. sheet of paper, folded paper

pliegue m. fold

plomo m. lead

plugo pret. of placer

pluma f. feather, quill, pen

pobre poor, wretched

poco, -a little, pl. few, a few, some; un poco a little; poco a poco little by little

poder irreg. can, be able, be able to do, be powerful; ~ lo todo be all-powerful; no puedo más I have reached the end of my resources; puede que it is possible that; ~ se be possible

poder m. power

poderoso, -a powerful

podrido, -a (pp. of podrir) rotten, decayed

podrir irreg. decay

poeta m. poet

Polimnia the muse of pantomime

polvo m. dust

pólvora f. powder; gastar la ~ en salvas waste one's strength

pompa f. pomp

poner irreg. place, put, put on; ~ se become; ~ en claro clear up, explain; ~ en salvo save; ~ en escena stage; me ha puesto descolorido el semblante has made me turn pale; ~ preso put under arrest

por by, for, in order to, from, for the sake of, through, over, on, in, about, around; ~ debajo beneath; ~ decirlo así so to speak; ~ eso that is why; ~ fin finally; poner ~ obra execute; ~ este lado on this side; ~ el contrario on the contrary; ~ cierto certainly, be sure; ~ qué why

porque because, for, in order that

portal m. portal, entrance, vestibule

porte m. nobility; size, quality, nature; bearing

Portugal m. Portugal

portugués, -a Portuguese

porvenir m. future

pos: en ~ afterward, behind; en ~ de after

posada f. inn, lodging

postrer see postrero

postrero, -a last, final

póstumo, -a posthumous

practicable practicable, usable

precio m. price

precipicio m. precipice; brink

precipitación f. precipitation

precipitarse rush

preciso, -a necessary, essential

preeminencia f. preëminence

preferencia f. preference

preferir irreg. prefer

pregunta f. question

preguntar ask (question)

premio m. reward, prize

prenda f. pledge, noble characteristic

prender irreg. arrest; fasten

preñado, -a (pp. of preñar) pregnant, charged with

preocupación f. preoccupation

preocupado, -a (pp. of preocupar) preoccupied

preparado, -a (pp. of preparar) prepared

preparar prepare

prescribir irreg. prescribe

presencia f. presence

presenciar witness, be present at

presentar present, bring forward

presente present; hacerse ~ make one's presence felt; tener ~ bear in mind

presente m. present, gift

preso, -a (pp. irreg. of prender) imprisoned, prisoner, in custody

prestar lend, furnish

presunción f. assumption

pretender pretend, claim, solicit

prevención f. warning, prejudice

prevenido, -a (pp of. prevenir) prepared, arranged

prevenir irreg. prepare, provide; warn, notify

prima f. cousin; ~ hermana first cousin

primer see primero

primero, -a first, best

primero first, before

primo m. cousin

principal principal, of high rank, of high importance

príncipe m. prince