a to, at, on, by, with, in, according to, within; as sign of personal object is not to be translated; ~ muerte o ~ vida it is life or death; ~ pesar de in spite of; ~ qué why; ~ no ser por were it not for; ~ través de across, through

abajo below, beneath

abalanzarse sobre rush impetuously at

abandonar abandon, forsake

abierto, -a (pp. of abrir) open

abismado, -a (pp. of abismar) buried in thought, dejected

abismo m. abyss

abonar support, bear out

aborrecer irreg. abhor, hate

abortar miscarry, fail

abrasar burn, fire; madden

abrazar embrace

abrigar shelter

abrir irreg. open; ~ la marcha go at the head, lead; ~ paso clear the way

abrumar crush, weary

absorto, -a (pp. irreg. of absorber) absorbed, amazed

aburrido, -a (pp. of aburrir) bored

aburrirse de be bored with

acá here, hither

acabar finish, come to an end; ~ de have just

acaloradamente heatedly, earnestly

acaso perhaps, perchance

acatar respect, observe

acceso m. access, attack (of illness or emotion)

acción f. action

acento m. accent, tone, voice

aceptar accept

acerbo, -a bitter

acercarse approach

acero m. steel; sword

acertar irreg. hit by chance, guess rightly; happen to, succeed in

acompañado, -a (pp. of acompañar) accompanied

acompañar accompany, escort

acordar irreg. resolve, determine, grant (used of king when he determines something which he will later authorize with his official seal and signature); ~ se remember, recall; ~ se de remember

acosado, -a (pp. of acosar) pursued closely

acosar harass, pursue, beset

actitud f. attitude, position; en ~ de marcharse as if about to go away

acto m. act

actor m. actor; primer ~ leading man

actriz f. actress

acudir a go to, attend, repair to, have recourse to

adalid m. chief, champion

Adán Adam

adelantar advance; ~ se advance, approach

adelante ahead, forward

ademán m. look, appearance, expression, gesture

además besides, moreover

adentro inside, within

adiós good-by

adivinar guess, foretell

admirable admirable

admirar admire, wonder at

adornar adorn

adulador m. flatterer

advertir irreg. observe; give notice, give warning, acquaint

afán m. anxiety, eagerness

afanoso, -a anxious, eager

afectado, -a (pp. of afectar) affected

afectar affect, feign

afectuoso, -a affectionate

afición f. fondness, attachment

afirmar declare, assert

afirmativo, -a affirmative

aflicción f. affliction

afligirse grieve, repine

afogonarse miss fire

afrentar affront, insult, shame

afuera outside

agitado, -a (pp. of agitar) agitated

agitar agitate, perturb; wave, shake; ~ se be busied

agonía f. last moments, agony

agotar exhaust; ~ se become exhausted

agua f. water; hacer ~ leak

aguardar wait for, await (expectantly)

agudo, -a acute, shrewd

ah ah, oh

ahí there (near person addressed); here

ahogado, -a (pp. of ahogar) stifled, drowned; morir ~ en la orilla cf. orilla

ahogar stifle; ~ se be smothered, be suffocated, be drowned

ahora now; por ~ for the time being, now

ahorcar hang

aire m. air, expression, look, demeanor

ajeno, -a strange, foreign, belonging to another, of another

al = a + el

ala f. wing

alabarda f. halberd, pike

alabardero m. halberdier, pikeman

alambicar distill; be unnecessarily particular

alarde m. ostentation, boast, manifestation; en regio ~ as if she were the sovereign himself, with royal show

alargar extend, hold out

alborozo m. gayety, joy, rejoicing

albur m. first draw at monte; chance, risk; jugar un ~ take a risk, take a chance

alcaide m. governor (of castle), warden, guardian

alcalde m. mayor; ~ mayor de casa y corte judge who with his fellows formed one fifth of chamber of Consejo de Castilla, see note, l. 2340

alcanzar overtake, grasp, obtain, attain

alcázar m. castle, palace

alcotán m. lanner (hawk)

alegrarse de rejoice in, be delighted at

alegre cheerful, gay, joyous

alegría f. joy, gladness

alejar remove; ~ se move away, go away; ~ del bien lead astray

alerta vigilantly, on the watch

alfiler m. pin; prender con ~ es pin up, pin on, pin together, fig. put together flimsily

alfombra f. carpet

algarabía f. jargon, gabble, hubbub

algo something, anything, somewhat

alguacil m. constable, bailiff

alguien some one

algún see alguno

alguno, -a some, any, some one

aliento m. breath

alivio m. relief

alma f. soul, heart; del ~ beloved

alojamiento m. lodgings

alquitara f. still

alquitarado (pp. of alquitarar) -a distilled, purified, put through a purifying process

alrededor around, round about; ~ de about, around; a su ~ around her etc.

alternativamente alternately

alteza f. highness

altivez f. arrogance, pride

altivo, -a arrogant, proud, haughty

alto, -a high, noble; deep

altura f. height, summit, heights

alumbrado, -a (pp. of alumbrar) lighted

alumbrador m. torch-bearer, light-bearer

alumbrar illuminate, enlighten, light

alzar raise; ~se rise; rebel

allá there, thither; por ~ in that direction

allí there; por ~ that way, there

amanecer irreg. dawn

amante loving

amante m. or f. lover

amar love

amargo, -a bitter

amargura f. bitterness

amarillo, -a yellow

ambición f. ambition

ambicionar pursue as an ambition; covet

ambos, -as both

amén amen

amenazante threatening, menacing

amigo, -a friend

amistad f. friendship

amor m. love; pl. love affair(s)

amparo m. protection, refuge

ancho, -a broad

andar irreg. go, walk, act, go about; often equivalent to estar; ~ por las ramas fix one's attention on the least important part of the question, beat about the bush

ángel m. angel; ~ malo evil genius

angustia f. anguish, suffering

anhelar long for, desire anxiously

aniquilar annihilate, destroy

aniversario anniversary

anochecer irreg. become night, grow dark; al ~ at nightfall

ansia f. anxiety, eagerness

ansiedad f. anxiety; con ~ anxiously

ante before, in front of

antecámara f. antechamber

anterior preceding, former

antes formerly, before; ~ de before

anunciar announce

añadir add

año m. year; al ~ yearly

aparato m. pomp, ostentation, show

aparecer irreg. appear

aparentar make a false show, feign, sham

apartar remove, put aside, part, withdraw; ~ se withdraw, move away, leave

aparte aside

apasionadamente passionately

apelar appeal

aplaudir applaud

aplazar postpone, delay

aposento m. room, apartment

apoyarse lean, rely on

apresuramiento m. hastiness, eagerness

apretar irreg. compress, hold, clutch; distress, harass

aproximarse approach

apuntar aim

apurar consume, drain, exhaust; ~ se worry, fret

apuro m. perplexity, difficulty, affliction, straits, want

aquel,-lla that, the former

aquél,-lla that one, the former

aquí here, now; hacia ~ hither; por ~ hither, this way

árbol m. tree

arcabuz m. harquebus

arder burn, glow

ardid m. stratagem, cunning, trick

arma f. arm, weapon; pl. troops; armorial bearings

arrancar pull, tear, force out

arrastrar drag, draw

arrebol m. red sky

arreglar arrange, dispose

arrepentido, -a (pp. of arrepentirse) repentant

arrepentirse irreg. repent

arriba above; hasta ~ (l. 384) as far as the top (of the steps)

arriesgado, -a (pp. of arriesgar) risky, hazardous

arriesgar risk, venture

arrimar approach, place near; ~ un hombro lend aid

arrimo m. protection, support

arrodillarse kneel

arrogancia f. arrogance; con ~ arrogantly

arrojar throw, fling, cast, hurl (away)

arruinar ruin

artista m. or f. artist

asaduras f. pl. entrails; echar las ~ laugh one's head off

asaltar assail; occur suddenly

asentimiento m. assent

asesinar assassinate, murder

asesino m. murderer, assassin

así thus, so, in this way

asir irreg. seize, take, grasp; ~ se de clutch, lean upon; take advantage of, have recourse to

asomarse show one's self, appear

asombrar surprise, astonish; ~ se de be astonished at, be surprised at

asombro m. surprise, astonishment

aspecto m. aspect, look

aspirar aspire

astucia f. astuteness, cunning

asunto m. subject, matter, affair

asustar frighten

atado, -a (pp. of atar) bound

atajar stop, interrupt

atar bind

atención f. attention

atender irreg. attend, pay attention; atendiendo a out of respect for

atentamente intently

aterrado, -a (pp. of aterrar) terrified

atesorar treasure up, possess

Atocha formerly a suburb southeast of Madrid

atragantar choke

atrás back, backward

atravesar irreg. cross, traverse

atreverse a dare to

atrio m. porch, portico

audacia f. audacity, boldness

audaz (pl. audaces) bold

audiencia f. audience

aun or aún yet, still, notwithstanding, even; ni ~ not even

aunque although

aura f. air

aurora f. dawn

ausencia f. absence

autor m. author

auxiliar help, aid

avanzar advance

avisar advise, warn, give notice of

aviso m. warning, notice

ay ah, alas; ~ de vos etc. alas for you etc.

ayer yesterday; su ~ his past

ayuda f. help

ayudar help

azar m. accident, disappointment, hazard

azorado, -a (pp. of azorar) terrified, confused

azul blue báculo m. staff

bailar dance

baile m. dance

bajada f. descent

bajar lower, descend

bajo, -a low

bajo under, beneath, subject to

bala f. bullet

balcón m. balcony

bandeja f. tray, salver

barato, -a cheap, cheaply

barbado, -a bearded; muy ~ with a very long chin

barbarie f. barbarousness, cruelty

bárbaro, -a barbarous, cruel

bastante enough; considerably, sufficiently, quite

bastar be enough, suffice

bastardo, -a bastard, illegitimate

batalla f. battle

batiente see mandíbula

beldad f. beauty

Belona Bellona, goddess of war, sister or wife of Mars

bello, -a beautiful

bendito, -a blessed

beneficiado, -a (pp. of beneficiar) object of benefit, person for whom a benefit performance is given

beneficiar benefit

beneficio m. benefit; a ~ de for the benefit of

beodo, -a drunk, intoxicated

besamanos m. act of kissing the hand, salute

besar kiss

bicho m. small insect; coxcomb

bien well; very; all right; ~ que although; ahora ~ now then; this being so; más ~ rather

bien m. good; nunca para el ~ fué tarde it is never too late to mend

billete m. note

bisoño, -a inexperienced

bisoño m. raw recruit, novice

blanco, -a white

blasón m. armorial bearings, blazon; glory

boca f. mouth; ~ arriba face upward, flat on one's back

boda(s) f. wedding

bolsillo m. pocket

bondad f. goodness, kindness, clemency

Borgoña f. Burgundy (see note)

Borja proper name

borrar blot, erase

Braganza see note

bravo, -a brave, excellent, fine; bravo!

brazo m. arm

breve brief, short; en ~ in short, in a few words

brillar shine, gleam

brindar drink a health, toast; offer

brotar bud, spring up; appear

brusco, -a brusque, gruff

bueno, -a good, faithful, noble, clear

bulto m. object not clearly seen, form

bulla f. crowd; noise, shouting (of crowd); de ~ in high good humor

buque m. ship

burlar joke, make sport of, fool

busca f. search; en ~ de in search of, after

buscar seek, look for, try to get caballero m. knight; gentleman

caber irreg. be contained in, fit, find room, have the right of admission; qué duda cabe what doubt can there be

cabeza, f. head; con la ~ baja with bowed head

cabo m. end; al ~ finally; al fin y al ~ after all is said and done

cacumen m. top, head; understanding

cada each; ~ cual each one

cadáver m. dead body, corpse

caer irreg. fall; be situated

calar penetrate; ~ el sombrero press one's hat down tight

calavera f. skull

calcular calculate, reckon

Caliope the muse of eloquence and heroic poetry and chief of the muses

calma f. calm, peace

calmar calm, soothe

calor m. heat, warmth

calumniar calumniate, slander

callar be silent; ~ se be silent

calle f. street

cámara f. chamber

cambiar (de) change, exchange

cambio m. change, exchange

camino m. way, road

campanada f. stroke (of bell)

campaña f. campaign

cancel m. glass screen in a church or chapel behind which is the royal seat; extreme limit or boundary

candelabro m. candelabrum

candelero m. candlestick

cansado, -a (pp. of cansar) tired, weary

cansar tire, weary; ~ se grow tired

canto m. song, singing

cañón m. cannon; ~ de metralla long-barreled piece of artillery used formerly for firing grape-shot

capa f. cloak

capaz (pl. capaces) capable, able

capilla f. chapel

capitán m. captain

capricho m. whim

cara f. face

caracol m. snail; winding staircase

carácter m. character, condition

caracterizar characterize, act (a part), interpret (a part)

carcajada f. burst of laughter

cárcel f. prison

cariño m. affection

cariñoso, -a affectionate

carnicero m. butcher

caro, -a dear; venderse caro be sold at a high price

carroza f. state coach

carta f. letter

casa f. house

casado, -a (pp. of casar) married

casar marry, give in marriage; ~ se con marry

cascabel m. bell

cascajo m. gravel; rubbish

casi almost

caso m. case; hacer ~ pay attention; es el ~ que the fact is that

castigar punish

castigo m. punishment

Castilla proper name

Castilla f. Castile

casualidad f. chance, accident, coincidence

catorce fourteen

causa f. cause, reason; por ~ de because of

causar cause

cautelosamente stealthily, cautiously; guilefully

cauteloso, -a cautious, wary; stealthy, guileful

cazar hunt, obtain by exercise of particular skill, catch

ceder cede, grant, relinquish, give in

céfiro m. zephyr

cegar irreg. grow blind, be blinded

celebrar celebrate, applaud

celestial celestial, heavenly

celo m. ardor, zeal; ~ s jealousy

celoso, -a jealous

centro m. center

ceñir irreg. gird, crown

ceñudo, -a frowning, ominous

cerciorar assure, affirm; ~ se de make sure, ascertain

cerebro m. brain, mind; trastornar el ~ turn one's head

ceremonia f. ceremony

cerrado, -a (pp. of cerrar) closed, inclosed

cerrar close; ~ el paso a stand in the way of, prevent

certero, -a well aimed, unerring

cesar cease; sin ~ incessantly

cetro m. scepter

ciego, -a blind

cielo m. heaven, heavens, sky; ¡~ s! great heavens!

cien one hundred

cieno m. filth, mud, mire

ciertamente certainly, surely

cierto, -a certain; certainly; por ~ to be sure; de ~ certainly

cinco five; las ~ five o'clock

cisne m. swan; singer, poet, bard

cita f. appointment, rendezvous, tryst

citar summon, make an appointment with

ciudad f. city

cizaña f. darnel; sembrar ~ sow tares, sow discord

clamor m. clamor, uproar

clarito, -a (dimin. of claro); pronto y clarito see pronto

claro, -a clear; claro está it is evident

claustro m. cloister

clavar fix, nail, fasten, transfix

cobarde cowardly; nunca pequé de ~ I was never guilty of cowardice

cobarde m. coward

cobrar gain, draw (pay); collect (debt)

coche m. coach, carriage

codo m. elbow; por cogote y ~ s see cogote

cogote m. back of neck; discurro hasta por ~ y codos I am racking my brains with a club

cólera f. anger

colérico, -a choleric, angry

colmar (de, con) heap upon, bestow liberally, fill, lavish upon

colocado, -a (pp. of colocar) placed

colocar place

color m. color; ~ es color

colorar paint, tinge, color; ~ se blush, redden

columbrar spy, discern at a distance, descry

columna f. column, pillar

combatir combat, fight

comenzar irreg. commence, begin

comer eat; ~ se adds a little energy to the verb

comitiva f. suite, retinue

como as, as if, like, if only, provided that; ~ puedo as best I can; ~ si as if

cómo how, why, what, is it possible; el ~ the way of it

compaña f. company, escort

compañía f. company

compasión f. compassion, pity; por ~ for pity's sake

competir irreg. compete, rival

complacencia f. complacency

completar to complete

completo, -a complete

componer irreg. compose

comprado, -a (pp. of comprar) bought

comprar buy

comprender understand, grasp

comprensión f. comprehension

común common

comunión f. communion, fellowship, association

con with, by, among; on account of; ~ todo after all, nevertheless

conceder concede, grant

concentrado, -a (pp. of concentrar) concentrated, tense

conciliar conciliate, compose, bring into agreement; arrange

concluir irreg. conclude, finish

conde m. count

condenado, -a (pp. of condenar) condemned

condición f. condition, rank, class; stipulation, circumstance; ~ oscura obscure origin, low birth

conducido, -a (pp. of conducir) led, conducted

conducir irreg. conduct, convoy, lead

confesar irreg. confess

confesión f. confession

confianza f. confidence

confiar trust, hope, have confidence

conforme alike, corresponding to, as; ~ a consistent with; según y ~ see según

confundir confuse, confound; mezquino entre los hombres me confundo I am worthless as men go; ~ se be bewildered, be perplexed, be puzzled

confusión f. confusion

confuso, -a (pp. irreg. of confundir) confused, in confusion

conjetura f. conjecture, guess

conjurar conjure; implore; avert

conjuro m. incantation, charm; entreaty

conmigo with me, on my side

conocer irreg. know, be acquainted with, recognize

conocido, -a (pp. of conocer) known, recognized, well known

conque so then

conquista f. conquest

conquistar win

consagrado, -a (pp. of consagrar) consecrated

consagrar consecrate, devote; direct

conseguir irreg. obtain, attain, succeed

consejo m. council; advice, counsel

conservar keep

consignar consign, devote; state in writing

consigo with or by himself etc.

consonancia f. consonance, rime

consonante m. a rime

conspirar conspire, plot

constar impers. be clear, be evident, be recorded

consuelo m. consolation, comfort

consultar consult; advise; determine (of administrative body)

consumir consume

contacto m. contact, touch

contado, -a (pp. of contar) counted, told; por de ~ of course

contar irreg. count, tell, relate; ~ con count upon, reckon with

contemplar contemplate, regard, watch

contener irreg. contain

contentamiento m. contentment, satisfaction

contentar content, please

contento, -a content, satisfied, happy, pleased

contento m. contentment

contexto m. context, contents

contigo with you

continuación f. continuation; a ~ below

contra against; en mi ~ against me, to my disadvantage

contrario, -a opposed, contrary; por el ~ on the contrary

contrario m. opponent, antagonist, adversary

contraste m. contrast

convencer convince

conveniencia f. convention, convenience

conveniente suitable, convenient

convenir irreg. suit, become, be advantageous

convento m. convent

conversación f. conversation; subject of conversation

convertido, -a (pp. of convertir) converted, changed

convertir irreg. convert

convicción f. conviction, firm belief

convulsión f. convulsion

convulsivamente convulsively

convulsivo, -a convulsive

copa f. cup, goblet, vase

copiar copy

corazón m. heart; courage

corchete m. bailiff

cordero m. lamb

corona f. crown, diadem

coronar crown

Corpus see note

corredor m. corridor

correr run, circulate

corro m. group, circle

cortado, -a (pp. of cortar) cut; broken (of phrase)

cortar cut, cut off, cut out

corte f. court; capital

cortesano, -a pertaining to the court, courtier

cortesano m. courtier

cortesía f. courtesy, compliment, attention, bow

corto, -a short; ~ de vista near-sighted

cosa f. thing, matter, affair; ~ s de Quevedo son it is some folly of Quevedo's, it is some prank of Quevedo's; ~ es clara it is clear enough

costa f. cost; a ~ de at the cost of

costumbre f. custom; es ~ it is customary

costurera f. seamstress, dress-maker

cota f. coat of mail; armor

creador, -a creator

crear create

crecer irreg. grow

credencial lending credit, lending authority

credencial f. credential

credo m. creed; con el ~ en la boca facing death or danger

creer believe, think

criba f. crib

crimen m. crime, guilt

crispado, -a (pp. of crispar) clenched

cristiano, -a Christian

Cristo Christ; por ~ an emphatic oath, by heavens!

cruel cruel

crujir crackle, creak

cruz f. cross

cruzado, -a (pp. of cruzar); ~ de brazos, con los brazos cruzados, with folded arms

cruzar cross, traverse

cuadrar suit, be appropriate

cual like, as; ~ nunca as never before; cada ~ each one

cuál which, which one

cualquier see cualquiera

cualquiera whatever, whoever, anybody, any; ser un ~ be of no account, be a nobody

cuando when, as, since

cuándo when?

cuanto, -a how much (pl. how many), as much, as much as, all that, what, how; ~ más... más the more... the more; ~ menos... menos the less... the less

cuánto, -a how much, how; pl. how many, how much, how!

cuarteto m. quatrain

cuarto, -a fourth

cuatro four

cubierto, -a (pp. of cubrir) covered

cubrir irreg. cover; ~ se cover one's head

cuchillada f. knife-cut, slash with a knife; quarrel

cuchillo m. knife

cuenta f. account; eso de mi ~ corre that is my affair; tener en ~ take into account, remember

cuento m. story, tale; ~ de alabarda ferrule, end of halberd

cuerdo, -a sensible, wise

cuerpo m. body, substance; tomar más ~ grow firmer

cuestión f. question, subject, matter under consideration

cuidado m. care, pains

cuidar take care

cuita f. affliction, trouble

culebra f. serpent, snake

culpa f. blame, fault, guilt

cumplido, -a (pp. of cumplir) large, full, ample; cumplida merced signal favor

cumplir fulfill, carry out, execute; be fit, be convenient

curiosidad f. curiosity

curioso, -a curious, inquiring chacota f. uproarious mirth

chancero, -a jocose, merry

chanza f. joke, jest; estar de ~ be joking, be in a joking mood

chato, -a flat, flat-nosed; chata razón stunted intellect

chist ssh, hush

chiste m. joke

chistoso, -a cheerful, funny dado, -a (pp. of dar) given to, devoted to

dama f. lady

dar irreg. give, cause; ~ con find, come upon; ~ en strike, touch, happen, come to; ~ fin end, come to an end; ~ muerte kill; ~ muestras show signs; ~ un paso take a step; ~ principio begin; ~ la vuelta return; ~ la hora strike the hour; un soneto da catorce a sonnet makes fourteen

de of, from, for, through, at, in, by, with, than; ~ cierto certainly; ~ improviso unexpectedly; ~ nuevo again, anew; ~ seguro surely, undoubtedly

deber owe, ought, must, be to

deber m. duty

debido, -a (pp. of deber) due

débil weak, fragile, feeble

decir irreg. say; es ~ that is

declarar declare

decoración f. setting

decoro m. respect, reverence due a person

dedicar dedicate, devote

dedo m. finger

defender irreg. defend

defensa f. defense

deferencia f. deference, condescension

dejar leave, leave off, cease, let, permit; ~ de (infin.) cease etc.; ~ caer drop; ~ paso give way before, let pass

del = de + el

delante in front, before; ~ de before, in front of

delirar be delirious, rave; talk nonsense

delirio m. delirium

delito m. crime

demanda f. demand, petition, request

demás further, besides, in addition; lo ~ the rest; los ~ the rest, the others; with a pl. without art. other

demasiado, -a too much, too many

demonio m. devil; the devil! the deuce!

demora f. delay

dentro within, inside; ~ de within, inside of

derecho, -a straight; right (opposed to izquierdo)

derecho straight, direct, directly

derechura f.: en ~ directly, straight

derrocar overthrow, demolish

derrumbarse fall headlong; crumble away

desafuero m. injustice, outrage

desaliento m. dismay, dejection

desamparo m. abandonment, helplessness

desaparecer irreg. disappear

desatarse break loose, break out

desatinado, -a (pp. of desatinar) wild, incoherent, foolish

desatino m. foolish act, folly, error

desazón f. displeasure, annoyance, offense

descansado, -a (pp. of descansar) easy, quiet; comfortable, at ease

descansar rest

descanso m. rest

descolorido, -a discolored, pale

desconcertar irreg. disconcert, disturb, confuse

descubierto, -a (pp. of descubrir) uncovered, bare

descubrir irreg. reveal, discover, uncover

desde from, since; ~ luego at once; ~ que since, that

desdén m. disdain, scorn

desdeñosamente disdainfully

desdeñoso, -a disdainful, scornful

desdichado, -a unhappy, unfortunate

desdoblar unfold

desear desire, wish

desechar reject, put aside

desembarazarse uncover one's self, disembarrass one's self; ~ de relieve one's self of

desengaño m. discovery of an error, disillusionment, disappointment

desentonado, -a (pp. of desentonar) out of tune, gruff

desenvainar unsheathe, draw

desesperación f. desperation, despair; passion

desfallecimiento m. weakness, dejection

desfilar defile, march by files, pass in review

desgarrar rend, tear

desgracia f. misfortune; por ~ unfortunately

desgraciado, -a unfortunate, object of misfortune

deshacerse de irreg. get rid of

deshonrar dishonor

designio m. design, plan, intention

desigual unequal

desleírse irreg. dilute, weaken, dissolve, melt

desmán m. excess in words or action, insulting breach of etiquette, affront

desmayado, -a (pp. of desmayar) fainting, in a faint

desmayar be dispirited; dismay, discourage; ~ se faint, grow faint

desnudo, -a naked, bare, drawn

desollar irreg. flay, skin

desorden m. disorder, confusion, turmoil

despacio slow, slowly, at leisure

despacito (dimin. of despacio) at leisure

despacho m. dispatch, official communication

despecho m. spite, malevolence

despedida f. good-by, farewell; hacer ~ take leave of

despedirse de irreg. say good-by to, take leave of

despreciado, -a (pp. of despreciar) scorned

despreciar scorn, despise

despreciativo, -a scornful

desprecio m. scorn

después after, then, later, afterward; ~ de after

desterrado, -a (pp. of desterrar) banished

desterrar irreg. banish

destierro m. banishment, exile

destino m. destiny, fate

destruir irreg. destroy

desvanecer irreg. vanish

desvarío m. extravagant action, delirium; con ~ distractedly, wildly

desventura f. ill fortune, calamity, misery, unhappiness

desventurado, -a unhappy, luckless

desviar turn aside, ward off, thrust aside; ~ se turn aside, turn away, take the wrong road

detener irreg. detain, stop; ~ se stop

determinar determine, decide

detrás back, behind; ~ de after, in pursuit of; por ~ behind, from behind

deuda f. debt

devoción f. devotion; pl. devotions (religious)

devolver irreg. return, restore

día m. day, light of day; algún ~ some day, once; todo el ~ all day

diablo m. devil; qué ~ s what the deuce

dicha f. happiness

dicho, -a (pp. irreg. of decir) said, (the) aforesaid, same

dicho m. saying

dichoso, -a happy, prosperous, fortunate

diente m. tooth

diestro, -a skillful, expert, prudent, cunning

diez ten; para las ~ for ten o'clock

diferente different

diferir irreg. defer, delay, postpone

difícil difficult

dignarse deign, condescend

dignidad f. dignity

digno, -a worthy

dilación f. delay

dilatarse broaden, grow broad

dinero m. money, funds

dios m. god, God; vive ~ see vivir; gran ~ great heavens! ~ mío heavens!

dirección f. direction

director m. director; ~ de escena stage-manager

dirigir direct, address; ~ se go, turn (toward), make one's way (toward)

discreción f. discretion, judgment, prudence

discreto, -a discreet; witty

discurrir reflect, reason; plan, scheme

disgusto m. disgust, annoyance, unpleasantness

disiparse fade away

disparar shoot, fire off

disparo m. discharge, shot (of firearm)

dispensar dispense, grant, excuse

disponer irreg. arrange, dispose, order, direct

dispuesto, -a (pp. of disponer) prepared, ready

disputar dispute, debate, argue, quarrel

distancia f. distance

distinción f. distinction

distinguido, -a (pp. of distinguir) distinguished, eminent

distinguir irreg. distinguish, single out

distinto, -a distinct, different

distracción f. distraction, absent-mindedness

diversión f. diversion, amusement

divertido, -a (pp. of divertir) amusing

divertir irreg. divert, turn away; amuse

diz it is said, people say

doblar double, bend

doblez (pl. dobleces) fold, crease; en tres dobleces thrice folded

dogal m. halter, noose, hangman's rope

dolor m. grief, sorrow, pain

dominado, -a (pp. of dominar) dominated; ~ por la situación overwhelmed by the situation

dominador, -a dominating

dominador m. dominator

dominar dominate

dominio m. dominion

dominión f. dominion

don, doña, title of courtesy given to gentleman or lady, now equivalent to Mr. etc., but used only before given names

donaire m. witticism, joke, humor

donde where, in which; en ~ in which; a ~ whither

dónde where? a ~ whither? en ~ where?

doquier anywhere, wherever, everywhere

dormir irreg. sleep; ~ se fall asleep

dos two; los (las) ~ both

dosel m. canopy, dais

drama m. drama, play

ducado m. duchy

ducho, -a skillful, experienced

duda f. doubt

dudar doubt, hesitate; ~ de doubt

duelo m. duel, combat; sorrow; duelo ni quebranto see note

dueña f. duenna, lady-in-waiting

dulce sweet, gentle

dulzura f. sweetness, gentleness; con ~ graciously, gently

duque m. duke

duquesa f. duchess

durante during

dureza f. rigor, severity

duro, -a hard, cruel; thankless, costly e and

ea come!

eco m. echo

echado, -a (pp. of echar): con el velo echado with her veil drawn, with her veil let down

echar throw, cast; ~ el aliento blow; ~ abajo pull down, draw down; ~ a reír burst out laughing

edad f. age

el, la, lo, pl. los, las, the

él, pl. ellos, he, him, it

elefante m. elephant

elegir irreg. choose

elogio m. eulogy, praise

ella she, her

ello it; ~ es que the fact is that; ~ por ~ a fair exchange

embajador m. ambassador

embargo: sin ~ nevertheless

emboscada f. ambuscade, surprise

embozado, -a pp. of embozar

embozarse muffle one's self, fasten upper part (embozo) of cloak about neck and throat

embozo m. muffler, fold of cloak that covers lower part of face; disguise

eminente eminent, signal, distinguished

emoción f. emotion

empeñarse en persist, endeavor, insist upon

empezar irreg. begin

empinar raise; ~ el codo raise the glass, crook one's elbow

empresa f. undertaking, enterprise

en in, on, upon, at, into, to; ~ mi contra against me, to my disadvantage; ~ cuanto as soon as; ~ pos de after, behind; ~ torno de about, around

enaltecer irreg. raise aloft, exalt; heighten

enamorar enamor, inspire love; charm; ~ se de, ~ se con, fall in love with

encaminar guide, direct; ~ se go toward, start

encanto m. charms, attractions

encarado, -a (pp. of encarar): mal ~ ill-featured, badly adjusted

encarar face, point; ~ se con face, confront

encarecer irreg. extol, exaggerate, emphasize

encarecimiento m. exaggeration

encargar recommend, charge, commend; ~ se de take charge of, take upon one's self

encender irreg. kindle

encerrar irreg. inclose, contain

encoger contract; discourage; ~ se de hombros shrug one's shoulders

encomendar irreg. commend, commit, entrust

encomio m. encomium, eulogy, praise

encono m. malevolence, ill will

encontrar irreg. find, encounter; see; ~ se be

encresparse grow rough, grow choppy (of sea)

encubierto, -a (pp. irreg. of encubrir) hidden, masked

encuentro m. encounter, meeting; salir al ~ de come out to meet

endulzar sweeten, soften, lighten

enemigo, -a hostile

enemigo m. enemy

énfasis m. emphasis

enfermo, -a ill, sick, suffering

engañar deceive; ~ se make a mistake, be mistaken

engaste m. setting (of jewels)

engolfado, -a (pp. of engolfar) engulfed, absorbed

engrandecer irreg. aggrandize, ennoble, exalt

enhiesto, -a upright, erect

enjaulado, -a (pp. of enjaular) caged, confined

enjuto, -a dry

enmudecer irreg. become mute, become silent

enojar annoy, trouble, vex, offend; ~ se be annoyed, become angry

enojo m. annoyance, offense; si no lo habéis por ~ if it be not offensive to you

enredijo m. tangle

enredo m. tangle, entanglement; mischief

ensangrentado, -a blood-stained

ensangrentar irreg. stain with blood

ensartar string together, link together; ~ mil gracias be full of jokes

ensayo m. assay, trial, experiment

enseñar show

ensimismado, -a (pp. of ensimismarse) absorbed in thought

entendedor m.: a buen ~ (the full form of the proverb is a buen entendedor, breve hablador, or al buen entendedor, pocas palabras) a word to the wise is sufficient

entender irreg. understand

entendido, -a (pp. of entender) understood

enterar inform; ~ se de find out about

enternecer irreg. move to pity, soften, affect; ~ se soften, be affected

entero, -a complete, entire

entonces then

entrada f. entrance; admission, admittance

entrambos, -as both

entrañas f. inmost feelings

entrar enter, bring in; entra (in stage directions) exit

entre between, in the midst of, in, among

entreabierto, -a (pp. irreg. of entreabrir) half opened

entregado, -a (pp. of entregar) surrendered

entregar deliver, hand over, surrender, entrust

entretanto in the meantime

entretenido, -a (pp. of entretener) amusing, interesting

envainar sheathe

enviado, -a (pp. of enviar) sent, envoy

enviar send

envidia f. envy

envilecer irreg. vilify, debase, degrade

epitafio m. epitaph

época f. epoch, period

equivocación f. mistake, misunderstanding

equivocarse be mistaken

erguido, -a (pp. of erguir) erect, straight

errar irreg. err, wander, be mistaken