• Academies, 238, 243
• Actors, 242
• Agriculture, 167 et seq.
• Alfonso XII., 28, 104, 144, 268, 273
• Alfonso XIII., 98, 272
• Amadeo, King, 143
• American War, 192 et seq.
• Amusements, 111 et seq.
• Andaluces, 33
• Andalucia, 33
• Apostolic party, 9
• Aragon, 29
• Army, 183 et seq.
• Art, 236 et seq.
• Artillery, 187
• Artistic furniture, 176
• Arts and crafts, 175, 176
• Asturian nurses, 27
• Asturias, 26
• Asturias, Princess of, 103, 219
• Austrian kings, 15, 21, 22
• Autos-da-fé, 18, 200, 201
•  
• Bank of Spain, 265
• Barcelona, 266
• Basque Provinces, 26, 27, 188
• Basques, 28
• Beggars, 226
• Berwick y Alva, Duke of, 184
• Bilbao, 11, 161, 177, 178, 266
• Boletin de la Cámara de Comercio, 163, 265
• Bueyes, 28
• Bull-fighters, 126 et seq.
• Bulls, 95 et seq.
• Bureaucracy, 148, 156
•  
• Cabestros, 95
• Caciqueism, 145, 148 et seq.
• Cæsars, Spanish, 11, 12
• Camarilla, 6
• Campoamor, 61
• Cánovas del Castillo, 136
• Capital, 174, 175
• Carlos, Don, 7, 9, 10
• Carriages, 88-90
• Casa de Campo, 84, 85
• Castelar, 139 et seq.
• Castellano, 266
• Castile, 31
• Castilians, 11, 25, 32
• Catalans, 25
• Cataluña, 17, 175, 266
• Cats, 79 et seq.
• Cervantes, 47, 48
• Cervera, Admiral, 47, 190, 193
• Cesantes, 145-147
• Characteristics, 38 et seq., 260
• Charitable institutions, 227
• Charles III., 22
• Charles V., 14
• Children, 233
• Church, the, 9, 199
• Cigar industry, 177
• Clerical question, 21, 221, 272
• Climate of Madrid, 65 et seq.
• Climates of Spain, 167, 170
• Cock-fighting, 112
• Colonies, 147
• Commerce, 156 et seq.
• Concas Palan, 190
• Confessional, 218, 222, 223
• Conscription, 188
• Constitution, 154
• Consumption, 67, 68
• Costume, national, 78, 79
• Courage, 42 et seq.
• Court, 97 et seq.
• Cristina, Queen, 9, 98
• Cuba, 147, 195
•  
• Dance and song, 113 et seq.
• Dances, modern, 58, 59
• Dances, national, 112 et seq.
• Dances, religious, 208
• Daoiz y Valarde, 46
• Democratic feeling, 6, 39
• Dignity, 38
• Donkeys, 90, 92
• Dos de Mayo, 45
• Drama, modern, 209, 240 et seq.
• Dramas, religious, 209-212
• Dress of Spanish women, 62
•  
• Echegaray, 241
• Education, 159, 213
• Electra, 219, 242
• Electrical science, 214
• Elephant and bull, 126
• Emperors, Roman, 12
• Empleomania, 145, 146, 152
• Engineers, 214
• Espinosa, Monteros de, 102
• Estremadura, 32
• Etiquette of Spanish Court, 100 et seq.
• Exports, 177
•  
• Factories, 175, 176, 266
• Ferdinand and Isabella, 5, 13, 15
• Ferdinand VII., 8, 22
• Feria of Seville, 34
• Fertility of soil, 73
• Fiestas, 116, 206
• Flowers, 73
• Folklore, 253 et seq.
• Ford, 51
• French influence, 173
• Fuente Castellana, 78
• Fueros, 10, 28, 188
• Fueros of Aragon, 29
•  
• Gala procession, 108, 109
• Galdós, 219, 248
• Galicia, 25, 26
• Gallegos, 26, 87
• Games, national, 111
• Gayangos, 246
• Geographical features, 178
• Gloriosa, La, 10, 262
• Goths, 12, 24
• Government, 142 et seq.
• Government, local, 153
• Grandes of Spain, 100
• Guitar, 113, 238
•  
• Hippodrome, 62
• Horse-racing, 125
• Horses, 91 et seq.
•  
• Iberian rejon, 118
• Iberian unity, 251
• Incas, 18
• Independence, War of, 45
• Industries, 161, 263 et seq.
• Infantas, 54, 103, 106
• Influence of the Press, 129
• Inquisition, 19, 199, 200, 271
• Irrigated land, 172
• Irrigation, 171 et seq.
• Isabel II., 6, 53, 107, 207
• Isabel la Católica, 5, 8, 15, 29, 270
•  
• Jaime, Don, 8
• Jota Aragonesa, 114
• Jesuits, 199, 213, 217, 218, 220 et seq., 272
• Journalists, 130
•  
• King Alfonso XIII., 272, 273
• Kings, Austrian, 21, 22
• Kings, Bourbon, 8, 22, 118
•  
• Labour, 174
• Lace, 165
• Lagartijo, 122 et seq.
• Land and people, 1
• Land laws, 173
• Landscape round Madrid, 71, 72
• Land value, 172
• Language, 266 et seq.
• Literature, modern, 246 et seq.
•  
• Madrazo, 239, 244
• Madrid, modern, 77
• Madrid, old, 77
• Mañana, 52, 74, 195, 197
• Manners, 40
• Mantilla, 79
• Manufactures, 164, 165, 175 et seq.
• Manzanares, 83
• Marriage customs, 229 et seq.
• Medical science, 215
• Meetings, political, 138
• Mendizábal, 9, 23
• Metal work, 176
• Military system, 183 et seq.
• Mineral wealth, 160 et seq.
• Montpensier, Duke of, 104 et seq.
• Moors, 17 et seq.
• Mules, 90, 188, 255
• Music, 81, 236
•  
• Narvaez, 249
• National feeling, 184, 185, 193
• National games, 31
• Navy, 47, 189 et seq.
• Newspapers, 132 et seq.
• Nicknames, 106
• Noche Buena, 108
•  
• Orders, religious, 203, 213, 219, 221, 272
• Ostriches, 85
• Outlook, 260 et seq.
• Oxen, draught, 94
•  
• Pacing horses, 90
• Painters, 239 et seq.
• Palace Royal, 61
• Palaciö, 23
• Pardo Bazan, 251
• Pardo, el, 85
• Parque de Madrid, 71
• Pasos, 210
• Passion plays, 209, 212
• Pavía, 140
• Pavo, pelando el, 230
• Peasants, 24 et seq.
• Pelayo, 61
• Pelota, 31, 111
• People, 38 et seq.
• Philip II., 16, 202, 271
• Pigs, 166, 167
• Poetry, 114, 268
• Politeness, national, 39, 40, 51, 52
• Political parties, 7, 134 et seq.
• Politicians, 50, 135
• Pollos and pollas, 88, 89
• Ports and harbours, 178
• Pottery, 175, 176
• Poverty, 226
• Press, 129 et seq.
• Priesthood, 199, 218
• Prim, 142-144
• Procrastination, 52
• Productive land, 172
• Pronunciamientos, 144, 145, 147, 186
• Protestants, 216
• Pyrenees, 25, 30
•  
• Queen Cristina, 97, 98, 103
• Queen Mercédes, 97, 106
• Quemadero, 20, 201
• Quijote, Don, 48
• Quixotic characteristics, 48
•  
• Race, 24
• Railways, 157 et seq.
• Regent, 9, 98, 145
• Religion, 37, 109, 198 et seq.
• Republic, 139, 141
• Restoration, 144
• Revolution, 10, 262
• Rice, 161
• Riding, 89
• Roads, 180
• Roman Spain, 11, 12
• Romero Robledo, 136, 137
•  
• Sagasta, 151
• Sala, 33
• Salic Law, 8, 9
• Schools, 159, 160
• Seises, los, 208, 209
• Sericulture, 164
• Serrano, 105
• Sheep, merino, 32, 166
• Shipping, 178
• Silk manufactures, 16, 164
• Silvela, 151
• Smoking, 36, 60
• Society, 55 et seq.
• Songs, 33, 81, 82, 114, 238
• Songs and dancing, 114
• Spanish-American War, I, 192 et seq.
• Sugar industry, 168
• Superstitions popular, 102, 205, 233
•  
• Teatro Real, 62
• Telegraphic system, 181
• Terror of 1824, 22
• Tertulia, 56 et seq.
• Theatres, 62, 116
• Tobacco, 177
• Toledo, 15
• Toothpicks, 63
• Toreros, 121
• Tribunal de las Aguas, 34
•  
• Universities, 159
• Usted, de, 98
•  
• Valencia, 34
• Valera, Juan, 61
• Velo, 79
• Verse-making, 257
• Virgin, 37, 203
•  
• War of Independence, 45 et seq.
• War, Spanish-American, 1, 192 et seq.
• Wars, Carlist, 9
• Water, want of, 169
• Wellington, Duke of, 26
• Weyler, General, 186
• Wines, 162 et seq.
• Women, 53, 62, 229 et seq., 249
• Wood-carving, 176
• Woollen manufactures, 164
• Working men, 21, 83, 241, 261
•  
• Zarzuela, 116
• Zorilla, 122, 252
• Zortico zorisco, 115

PORTUGUESE LIFE

• Agriculture, 301, 302
• Aloes, 301
• Amanhã, 280
• Amusements, 296, 302
• Army, 298
• Artisan class, 292
•  
• Bacalhao, 294
• Bargaining, love of, 287
• Brazilian elements, 287-291
• Bull-fighting, 307 et seq.
•  
• Camoens, 281
• Characteristics, 278 et seq., 284, 285
• Charities, 296
• Chula, 296
• Cleanliness, 289
• Coimbra, 283
• Costumes, 285, 300
• Customs, 285
•  
• Dances, 296
• Decorations and forms of address, 289
•  
• Fish, 294
• Fish-girls, 293
• Funerals, 306
•  
• Gallegos, 292
• Gallenga, 293
• Government, local, 310
•  
• Insects, 290
• Institutions, 298
• Intellectual life, 281
•  
• Land and people, 277
• Language, 283
• Laws, 312
• Lisbon, 281
• Londonderry, Lord, 277
•  
• Manners and morality, 289
• Medical training, 288
• Military system, 298
• Mineral wealth, 281
• Moustachios, ladies', 286
•  
• National fare, 294
• Navy, 299
• Newspapers, 284
•  
• Octroi duties, 295
• Oporto, 293
• Oxen, 300
•  
• Peninsular War, 277
• Police, 311
• Postal service, 284
• Prisons, 313
•  
• Religion, 304, 305 et seq.
•  
• Scenery, 285
• Servants, 290
• Society, 286
•  
• University, 283
•  
• Wages, 292
• Wealth, 292
• Wealth, mineral, 281
• Women, 285, 287, 307