Fences, legislation as to, 4.
Fens, the, 78, 123, 170, 318.
Feversham, fruit growing near, 128, 171.
Fifteenth century, character of, 68.
Figs, 15, 93, 136.
Filberts, 93, 136.
Fitzherbert, 31, 61, 76, 77, 83-5, 111, 132, 135.
Fixtures, 301.
Flanders, cattle, 338;
clover from, 111, 166;
hops from, 86, 150;
wool exported to, 39, 327;
sheep exported to, 326.
Flax, 17, 105, 135, 141, 151-2, 191, 251, 331, 332.
Fleece, weight of, 37, 41, 104, 200, 215.
Fleta, quoted, 12, 13.
Floor, for hop-picking, 91, 151.
Flour, exports and imports of, 348-9.
Fluctuations in price of corn, 35, 66, 89, 133, 142, 157, 186, 221,
223, 277.
Fold soke, 9.
Folding quality, of sheep, 253.
Food, labourer's, 9, 25, 34, 37, 53, 54, 61, 62, 102, 110, 134,
139-40, 164, 200-8, 211, 240n., 268, 290-1, 297, 308, 311;
farmer's, 101, 128, 213, 240n., 246, 308.
Foot-and-mouth disease, see Cattle Plagues.
Foot-rot, 294.
Foreman, requirements of, 139.
Forncett, manor of, 25, 45, 46.
Fountains Abbey, 81.
Four-course rotation, 183.
Four-field system, 99.
Fourteenth century, characteristics of, 38.
Fowler, John, 304.
Fox, the, 140, 244.
France, exports to, 349;
imports from, 243, 323;
livestock in, 334;
small holders of, 202-3;
wheat crops in, 332.
Freeholders, see also Yeoman, 119, 121-2.
Freemen, 7.
Free tenants, 24, 29, 45.
Free trade, 161, 277-81, 323;
effect of, 281, 284, 288, 293, 296.
French War, great, see Wars.
Fruit, 15, 93, 128, 143;
imports of 305.
Fruit-growing in seventeenth century, 129-131, 132, 136;
in eighteenth century, 171, 186-9;
in nineteenth century, 319, 329, 330.
Furlongs, 3, 118.
Furniture of manor house, 52;
labourer's home, 52.
G
Gafol, 9, 10.
Galloway cattle, 169, 343.
Game, damage by, 302.
Game law, the first, 55.
Gang system, 292.
Geese, 34, 170. (See Poultry.)
Gentry, at the Revolution, 156;
estates of under Walpole, 183;
status of 50, 97;
supplanted, 122, 128, 137, 140, 156, 184, 211, 312, 310.
(See Landlords and Squire).
Gerard, 106, 111.
'Gerefa, the', 15.
Germany, exports to, 63;
imports from, 20, 66, 69, 241, 243, 262, 323-4, 328;
livestock in, 334;
wheat crops in, 332n.
Gilbert, 275.
Gilbert's Act, 237.
Gilbey, Sir W.,335.
Glamorganshire, vineyards in, 145.
Glastonbury Abbey, 13.
Gleaning, 133.
Gloucestershire, 19, 78, 128, 136, 143, 144, 173, 207, 295, 344.
Gloves, gifts of, 62.
Gold premium, 305.
Googe, Barnaby, 144, 173.
Gooseberries, 331.
Grafting in seventeenth century, 130.
Grain crops, chief source of lord's income, 25.
Grapes, 136, 329 (see Vineyards).
Grass, acreage under, in 1877 and 1907, 331-2;
in 1850, 353;
arable land laid down to, 56, 58, 75, 79, 91, 93-4, 117-9, 120, 196,
219, 231, 305;
converting, to tillage, 231, 263;
more profitable than arable, 199;
seeds, 165, 191, 194, 226-7.
Grass land, price of, see Pasture and meadow, price of;
ploughed up, 186, 218, 245.
Grass section of England in 1893, 306n.
Grasshoppers, plague of, 185.
Graziers, profits of, 184,
Greycoats of Kent, 259.
Ground Game Act, 303.
Guano, 232, 276.
Guernsey cattle, 342, 343.
Gun, the, in seventeenth century, 140.
H
Haggard, Rider, Mr., 314-5.
Hallam, 210.
Hambleton, Sir A. Barker of, 142.
Hamlets, 5.
Hampshire, 28, 36, 79, 116, 132, 145, 165n., 240, 253, 266, 268, 306n.,
309, 314;
sheep, 275, 288, 344, 345.
Handborough, 53.
Harrison, 'Description of England,' 19, 28, 50, 56, 86, 91, 95, 101,
104, 149.
Harrow, the, and harrowing, 17, 65, 84, 125, 135, 141, 153-4, 166,
176, 176, 179, 194, 201, 203, 246.
Hartlib, Simon, 127, 128, 130, 131, 132, 142-3.
Harvest, importance of, 9, 108.
Harvest homes, 104, 269.
Harvest work, 25, 62, 125, 138, 209.
Hatfield Chase, 78.
Hawsted, 20, 30, 35, 54, 57, 58, 62, 63, 67, 112, 115, 116, 178,
179, 205, 207.
Hay, 112;
price of, see Prices;
carrying off, 178, 219, 302;
imports of, 262.
Hay tedder, 304.
Haymaking, 4, 44, 124, 125, 138, 142.
Headlands, 3.
'Heaths', Shropshire, 220.
Hedges, 124, 148, 150, 163, 178, 282.
Hemp, 100, 105, 135, 151.
Henley, Walter of, 19n., 31, 36, 83.
Henry of Huntingdon, 327.
Hens, number of eggs from, 35.
Herdwick sheep, 344, 346.
Hereford cattle, 233, 235, 274, 288, 336, 338-40, 342.
Herefordshire, 5, 40, 128, 130, 132, 136, 143, 171, 186-7, 188, 240,
247, 249, 250, 267, 291, 306, 309, 316.
Hertfordshire, 150, 174, 179, 225, 238, 306n.
Hentzner's description of English fanning, 104.
Hide, 16.
Highland, West, cattle, 217, 343.
Hoeing, 153, 166, 188, 201-2, 354;
horse, 198, 201.
Holder, the small, 73, 76, 119, 121-2, 164, 191, 195, 202, 205, 220,
253-61, 268, 308, 310, 311, 316-9;
decrease of, causes of, 122, 259;
new class of, 260.
Holderness cattle, 337.
Holdings, various sizes of, 334.
Holland,
Shorthorns from, 337;
live stock in, 334;
wheat crops in, 332n.
Honey, 10, 144.
Hops, 28, 86-7, 89-91, 111, 125, 128, 143, 149, 150, 171, 297-9,
329-30, 331;
acreage of, in 1729, 171, 297-8, 329;
average crop, 333;
duty on, 297-8;
imports of, 329-30;
profit on, 90, 150, 171, 298-9, 330;
substitutes, 298, 329.
Horse fairs, 105.
Horse shoes, 36.
Horses,
deterioration of; 85, 146;
export of, 325-6;
kinds of, 274, 335;
number of, 333;
size of, 104, 105, 217;
tax on, 249;
working powers of, 31, 153, 204.
(See Prices.)
Houghton, account of potatoes, 106, 127, 165.
Houses, wooden, 50 (see Farmhouses);
of the squire and yeoman, 103, 212.
Housing cattle and horses, 126.
Howberry, 175-6.
'Hubback', 234.
Hundred Rolls, 28, 76, 327.
Hunting, 140, 210.
Huntingdonshire, 3, 25n., 72, 120, 123, 222,306n., 309.
Hurdles, 354.
Husbandry, old and new, see Cultivation.
I
Implements, cost of, rises, 242;
in seventeenth century, 135, 152-3, 154;
in eighteenth century, 188, 194, 203, 229, 236;
in nineteenth century, 271, 273-5, 276, 287n., 303-4, 316;
improvement in, 113;
list of, in eleventh century, 17-52;
prices of, 83, 138.
Importing country, England becomes an, 163.
Imports cause low prices, 295.
Imports
of clover seed, 166;
of corn, 20, 63n., 66, 69, 70, 159-61, 183, 184, 223, 224, 230, 240,
241-4, 247, 248, 249, 262, 266, 267, 277-80, 287, 293, 305, 323-4,
330, 348-9;
of dairy produce, 325;
of fruit, 188, 329;
of hops, 150;
of linen, 105;
of livestock, 161, 280-1, 305, 324-6, 337;
of meat, 161, 305, 325, 330;
of wool, 39, 161, 305, 328, 354.
Improvements, amount expended in, 320-1;
needed in eighteenth century, 191;
in farming in eighteenth century, 192 (see Agriculture, state of), 193,
204 (see Farming).
Inbreeding, Bakewell and, 214;
the Collings and, 234-5.
Income and expenditure of landed classes (1688), 156.
Incubators, early, 132.