Able, Mrs., sister of Mary Owens, 55, 60

Adams, Charles Francis, member of Congress, United States minister to England, sent to England, 211

Alabama, State of, admitted as State, 1819, 19

Alabama, the, Confederate cruiser, sunk by the Kearsarge, 525

Albemarle, the, Confederate ironclad, destruction of, October 27 1864, 525

Albert, Prince Consort, drafts note to Lord Russell about Trent affair, 247

Alexander II, Czar of Russia, emancipates Russian serfs, 101

Alexandria, Virginia, occupation of, 214

American Party, principles of, 101, 102;
nominates Millard Fillmore for President 1856, 102

Anderson, Robert, brevet major-general United States army, transfers his command to Fort Sumter, 177, 178;
reports condition of Fort Sumter, 182;
notified of coming relief, 188;
defense and surrender of Fort Sumter, 189, 190;
telegram about Frémont's proclamation, 240;
sends Sherman to Nashville, 254;
turns over command to Sherman, 254;
raises flag over Fort Sumter, 531

Antietam, Maryland, battle of, September 17 1862, 31

Arkansas, State of, joins Confederacy, 200, 204;
military governor appointed for, 419;
reconstruction in, 426, 427;
slavery abolished in, 427;
slavery in, throttled by public opinion, 473;
ratifies Thirteenth Amendment, 475

Armies of the United States, enlistment in, since beginning of the war, 353, 354;
numbers under Grant's command, March 1865, 507;
reduction of, to peace footing, 527;
grand review of, 527-529

Armstrong, Jack, wrestles with Lincoln, 25

Arnold, Samuel, in conspiracy to assassinate Lincoln, 534;
imprisoned, 544

Atlanta, Georgia, siege of, July 22 to September 1 1864, 407

Atzerodt, George, in conspiracy to assassinate Lincoln, 534;
assigned to murder Andrew Johnson, 535;
deposits arms in tavern at Surrattsville, 536;
execution of, 544


Bailey, Theodorus, rear-admiral United States navy,
in expedition against New Orleans, 284

Bailhache, William H., prints Lincoln's first inaugural, 168

Baker, Edward D., member of Congress, United States senator,
brevet major-general United States Volunteers, at Springfield, Illinois, 52;
nominated for Congress, 73;
in Mexican War, 75

Ball's Bluff, Virginia, battle of, October 21, 1861, 262

Baltimore, Maryland, Massachusetts Sixth mobbed in, 193;
occupied by General Butler, 199;
threatened by Early, 403;
funeral honors to Lincoln in, 546

Bancroft, George, Secretary of the Navy, historian,
minister to Prussia, letter to Lincoln, 321

Banks, Nathaniel P., Speaker of the House of Representatives,
major-general United States Volunteers, in Army of Virginia, 310;
forces under, for defense of Washington, 317;
operations against Port Hudson, 382;
captures Port Hudson, 383, 384;
reply to Lincoln, 425;
causes election of State officers in Louisiana, 425, 426;
opinion of new Louisiana constitution, 426

Barton, William, governor of Delaware,
reply to Lincoln's call for volunteers, 193

Bates, Edward, member of Congress, Attorney-General,
candidate for presidential nomination 1860, 144;
vote for, in Chicago convention, 149;
tendered cabinet appointment, 163;
appointed Attorney-General, 182;
signs cabinet protest, 311;
rewrites cabinet protest, 312;
resigns from cabinet, 491

Beauregard, G.T., Confederate general, reduces Fort Sumter, 188 -190;
in command at Manassas Junction, 215;
understanding with Johnston, 216;
battle of Bull Run, July 21 1861, 226-229;
council with Johnston and Hardee, 267;
succeeds to command at Pittsburg Landing, 273;
losses at Pittsburg Landing, 274;
evacuates Corinth, 275;
united with Hood, 409;
orders Hood to assume offensive, 410;
interview with Davis and Johnston, 520

Bell, John, member of Congress, Secretary of War,
United States senator, nominated for President 1860, 143;
vote for, 160

Benjamin, Judah P., United States senator,
Confederate Secretary of State, suggestions about
instructions to peace commissioners, 482;
last instructions to Slidell, 501, 502

Berry, William F., partner of Lincoln in a store, 35;
death of, 36

Big Bethel, Virginia, disaster at, 214

Blackburn's Ford, Virginia, engagement at, July 18 1861, 226

Black Hawk, chief of the Sac Indians,
crosses Mississippi into Illinois, 32

Black, Jeremiah S., Attorney-General, Secretary of State,
war of pamphlets with Douglas, 134

Blair, Francis P., Sr., quarrel with Frémont, 236, 487;
asks permission to go South, 478;
interviews with Jefferson Davis, 479-482;
his Mexican project, 479

Blair, Francis P., Jr., member of Congress major-general
United States Volunteers quarrel with Frémont, 236, 487, 488

Blair, Montgomery, Postmaster-General,
appointed Postmaster-General, 182;
quarrel with Frémont, 236, 487, 488;
at cabinet meeting, July 22 1862, 331, 332;
objects to time for issuing emancipation proclamation, 340;
resolution in Republican platform aimed at, 446, 487;
relations with members of the cabinet, 488;
remarks after Early's raid, 488;
retires from cabinet, 489;
works for Lincoln's reëlection, 489, 490;
wishes to be chief justice, 490;
declines foreign mission, 490

Bogue, Captain Vincent, navigates Sangamon River in
steamer Talisman, 27, 28

Boonville, Missouri, battle of, June 17 1861, 214

Booth, John Wilkes, personal description of, 534, 535;
scheme to abduct Lincoln, 535;
creates disturbance at Lincoln's second inauguration, 535;
assigns parts in conspiracy to assassinate Lincoln, 535, 536;
final preparations, 536, 537;
shoots the President, 538;
wounds Major Rathbone 538;
escape of, 539;
flight and capture of, 542, 543;
death of, 543;
account at Montreal Bank, 544

Bragg, Braxton, Confederate general,
forces Buell back to Louisville, 275, 276;
threatens Louisville, 379;
battle of Perryville, 379;
battle of Murfreesboro, 380;
retreat to Chattanooga, 385;
Chattanooga and Chickamauga, 386-392;
retreats to Dalton, 392;
superseded by Johnston, 395;
his invasion delays reconstruction in Tennessee, 428

Breckinridge, John C., Vice-President, Confederate major-general, and Secretary of War, nominated for Vice-President 1856, 104;
desires Douglas's reëlection to United States Senate, 126;
nominated for President 1860, 143;
vote for, 160;
joins the rebellion, 217;
required by Davis to report on Johnston-Sherman agreement, 523

Breckinridge, Robert J., D.D., LL.D.,
temporary chairman Republican national convention 1864, 446

Brown, Albert G., member of Congress, United States senator,
questions Douglas, 129;
demands congressional slave code, 141

Brown, John, raid at Harper's Ferry, trial and execution of, 134

Brown, Joseph E., governor of Georgia, United States senator,
refuses to obey orders from Richmond, 481

Browning, Orville H., United States senator, Secretary of the Interior
under President Johnson, at Springfield, Illinois, 52;
speech in Chicago convention, 151

Browning, Mrs. O.H., Lincoln's letter to, 58, 59

Bryant, William Cullen, presides over Cooper Institute meeting, 138

Buchanan, Franklin, captain United States navy, admiral Confederate navy,
resigns from Washington navy-yard and joins the Confederacy, 196

Buchanan, James, fifteenth President of the United States,
nominated for President 1856, 104;
elected President, 105, 108;
announces pro-slavery policy, 114;
appoints Walker governor of Kansas, 114;
reply to Walker's letter, 115;
special message recommending Lecompton Constitution, 115;
permits Scott to be called to Washington, 172;
non-action regarding secession, 176, 177;
reconstruction of his cabinet, 178;
rides with Lincoln in inauguration procession, 180;
non-coercion doctrine of, 210;
signs resolution for constitutional amendment, 476

Buckner, Simon B., Confederate lieutenant-general,
stationed at Bowling Green, 254;
force of, 263;
surrenders Fort Donelson, 267, 268

Buell, Don Carlos, major-general United States Volunteers,
succeeds Sherman in Kentucky, 255;
driven back to Louisville 1862, 258;
instructions about East Tennessee, 258, 259;
reluctance to move into East Tennessee, 260;
reluctance to coöperate with Halleck, 263, 264, 269;
ordered forward to Savannah, 271;
arrives at Pittsburg Landing, 273;
retreats to Louisville, 275, 276;
battle of Perryville, 379;
relieved from command, 380

Bull Run, Virginia, battle of, July 21 1861, 226-229;
second battle of, August 30 1862, 310, 311

Burnside, Ambrose E., major-general United States Volunteers,
holds Knoxville 1863, 258;
commands force in Roanoke Island expedition, 277, 278;
ordered to reinforce McClellan, 307;
orders arrest of Vallandigham, 358;
appointed to command Army of the Potomac, 363;
previous services, 363, 364;
battle of Fredericksburg, 364, 365;
relieved from command, 366;
ordered to reinforce Rosecrans, 388;
besieged at Knoxville, 391;
repulses Longstreet, 391

Butler, Benjamin F., major-general United States Volunteers,
member of Congress, occupies Baltimore, 199;
orders concerning slaves, 220-222;
instructions to, about slaves, 223;
commands land
force in Farragut's expedition against New Orleans, 283;
in command at New Orleans, 285;
report about negro soldiers, 348, 349;
proclaimed an outlaw by Jefferson Davis, 350;
seizes City Point, 401;
receives votes for Vice-President at Baltimore convention, 448

Butler, William, relates incident about Lincoln, 53

Butterfield, Justin, appointed Commissioner of General Land Office, 92;
defended by Lincoln from political attack, 92


Cadwalader, George, major-general United States Volunteers,
action in Merryman case, 199, 200

Cairo, Illinois, military importance of, 209, 210

Calhoun, John, appoints Lincoln deputy surveyor, 39, 40;
at Springfield, Illinois, 52

Cameron, Simon, United States senator, Secretary of War,
candidate for presidential nomination 1860, 144;
vote for, in Chicago convention, 149;
tendered cabinet appointment, 163, 164;
appointed Secretary of War, 182;
brings letters of Anderson to Lincoln, 182;
visits Frémont, 242;
interview with Sherman, 255;
appointed minister to Russia, 289;
reference to slavery in report to Congress, 320;
moves renomination of Lincoln and Hamlin by acclamation, 447

Campbell, John A., justice United States Supreme Court;
Confederate commissioner; intermediary of Confederate commissioners, 183;
at Hampton Roads conference, 482-485;
interviews with Lincoln, 519

Canby, E.R.S., brevet major-general United States army,
receives surrender of Taylor, 525;
receives surrender of E. Kirby Smith, 526, 527

Carpenter, Frank B., conversation with Lincoln about
emancipation proclamation, 331, 332

Carpenter, W., defeated for Illinois legislature 1832, 34;
elected in 1834, 43

Carrick's Ford, Virginia, battle of, July 13 1861, 225

Cartter, David K., announces change of vote to Lincoln
in Chicago convention, 151

Cartwright, Peter, elected to Illinois legislature in 1832, 34

Chancellorsville, Virginia, battle of, May 1-4 1863, 369

Charleston, South Carolina, capture of, February 18 1865, 415;
burning of, 416

Chase, Salmon P., United States senator, Secretary of the Treasury,
chief justice United States Supreme Court,
candidate for presidential nomination 1860, 144;
vote for, in Chicago convention, 149;
summoned to Springfield, 163;
appointed Secretary of the Treasury, 182;
questions McClellan at council of war, 289;
signs cabinet protest, 311;
favors emancipation by military commanders, 332;
urges that parts of States be not exempted
in final emancipation proclamation, 343;
submits form of closing paragraph, 344;
presidential aspirations of, 439-441;
letter to Lincoln, 440, 441;
resigns from cabinet, 457;
effect of his resignation on the political situation, 464;
looked upon by radicals as their representative in the cabinet, 487;
hostility to Montgomery Blair, 488;
made chief justice, 490, 491;
note of thanks to Lincoln, 491;
opinion of Lincoln, 491;
administers oath of office to Lincoln at second inauguration, 496;
administers oath of office to President Johnson, 545

Chattanooga, Tennessee, battle of, November 23-25 1863 389-392

Chickamauga, Tennessee, battle of, September 18-20 1863, 386, 387

Clary's Grove, Illinois, settlement of, 24

Clay, Clement C., Jr., United States senator,
Confederate agent in Canada, correspondence with Horace Greeley, 459

Clay, Henry, nominated for President, 28

Clements, Andrew J., member of Congress, elected to Congress, 419

Cleveland, Ohio, funeral honors to Lincoln in, 547

Cochrane, John, member of Congress, brigadier-general United States
Volunteers, nominated for Vice-President 1864, 442

Cold Harbor, Virginia, battle of, June 1-12, 1864, 399

Colfax, Schuyler, member of Congress, Vice-President,
letter to, from Lincoln, 132, 133

Collamer, Jacob, member of Congress, Postmaster-General,
United States senator, vote for, in Chicago convention, 149

Columbia, South Carolina, capture and burning of, 415, 416

Columbus, Kentucky, evacuation of, 269

Confederate States of America, formed by seceding States, 178, 179;
"corner-stone" theory, 179;
government of, fires on Fort Sumter, 189;
joined by North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas, 200;
strength of, 204;
war measures of, 207;
capital removed to Richmond, 207;
strength of, in the West, 263;
outcry of, against emancipation proclamation and arming of negroes, 350, 351;
efficiency of armies of, in 1863, 370;
proclamation calling on people to resist Sherman's march, 411, 412;
nearly in state of collapse, 481;
doomed from the hour of Lincoln's reëlection, 499;
depreciation of its currency, 499, 500;
conscription laws of, 500;
Confederate Congress makes Lee general-in-chief, 500;
number of soldiers in final struggle, 507;
flight of, from Richmond, 515;
collapse of the rebellion, 524-527;
number of troops surrendered, 527

Congress of the United States, passes act organizing
territory of Illinois, 19;
fixes number of stars and stripes in the flag, 19;
admits as States Illinois, Alabama, Maine, and Missouri, 19;
nullification debate in, 38;
Lincoln's service in, 75-90;
Missouri Compromise, 94-96;
Democratic majorities chosen in, in 1856, 108;
agitation over Kansas in, 113;
Senator Brown's resolutions, 141;
official count of electoral votes, 160;
appoints compromise committees, 167;
Buchanan's annual message to, December 1860, 176, 177;
convened in special session by President Lincoln, 192;
Lincoln's message to,  May 26 1862, 195;
legalizes Lincoln's war measures, 206;
meeting and measures of special session of
Thirty-seventh Congress, 217-220;
Southern unionists in, 217;
Lincoln's message to, July 4 1861, 218-220;
action on slavery, 223;
special session adjourns, 223;
House passes resolution of thanks to Captain Wilkes, 246;
friendly to McClellan, 250;
Lincoln's message of December 3 1861, 257, 321, 322;
interview of border State delegations with Lincoln, 257, 258, 324, 325;
Lincoln's special message, March 6 1862, 323, 324;
passes joint resolution favoring compensated emancipation, 325;
passes bill for compensated emancipation in District of Columbia, 325, 336;
House bill to aid emancipation in Delaware, Maryland,
Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee and Missouri, 326;
slavery measures of 1862, 329;
President's second interview with border slave State delegations, 329-331;
President's annual message, December 1 1862, 341, 342;
passes national conscription law, 354, 355;
act authorizing the President to suspend writ of habeas corpus, 359, 360;
confers rank of lieutenant-general on Grant, 393;
admits representatives and senators from States with
provisional governments, 419;
President's annual message, December 8 1863, 424;
reverses former action about seating members from "ten-per-cent States,"424;
bills to aid compensated abolishment in Missouri, 432;
opposition to Lincoln in, 454;
action on bill of Henry Winter Davis, 454;
repeals fugitive-slave law, 457;