Academies (French) local, i. 132.

Academy, of Dijon, Rousseau writes essays for, i. 133;
French, prize essay against Rousseau's Discourse, i. 150, n.

Actors, how regarded in France in Rousseau's time, i. 322.

Althusen, teaches doctrine of sovereignty of the people, ii. 147.

America (U.S.), effects in, of the doctrine of the equality of men, i. 182.

American colonists indebted in eighteenth century to Rousseau's writings, i. 3.

Anchorite, distinction between the old and the new, i. 234.

Annecy, i. 34, 50;
Rousseau's room at, i. 54;
Rousseau's teachers at, i. 56;
seminary at, i. 82.

Aquinas, protest against juristical doctrine of law being the pleasure of the prince, ii. 144, 145.

Aristotle on Origin of Society, i. 174.

Atheism, Rousseau's protest against, i. 208;
St. Lambert on, i. 209, n.;
Robespierre's protest against, ii. 178;
Chaumette put to death for endeavouring to base the government of France on, ii. 180.

Augustine (of Hippo), ii. 272, 303.

Austin, John, ii. 151, n.;
on Sovereignty, ii. 162.

Authors, difficulties of, in France in the eighteenth century, ii. 55-61.


Baboeuf, on the Revolution, ii. 123, n.

Barbier, ii. 26.

Basedow, his enthusiasm for Rousseau's educational theories, ii. 251.

Beaumont, De, Archbishop of Paris, mandate against Rousseau issued by, ii. 83;
argument from, ii. 86.

Bernard, maiden name of Rousseau's mother, i. 10.

Bienne, Rousseau driven to take refuge in island in lake of, ii. 108;
his account of, ii. 109-115.

Bodin, on Government, ii. 147;
his definition of an aristocratic state, ii. 168, n.

Bonaparte, Napoleon, ii. 102, n.

Bossuet, on Stage Plays, i. 321.

Boswell, James, ii. 98;
visits Rousseau, ii. 98, also ib. n.;
urged by Rousseau to visit Corsica, ii. 100;
his letter to Rousseau, ii. 101.

Boufflers, Madame de, ii. 5, ib. n.

Bougainville (brother of the navigator), i. 184, n.

Brutus, how Rousseau came to be panegyrist of, i. 187.

Buffon, ii. 205.

Burke, ii. 140, 192.

Burnet, Bishop, on Genevese, i. 225.

Burton, John Hill, his Life of Hume (on Rousseau), ii. 283, n.

Byron, Lord, antecedents of highest creative efforts, ii. 1;
effect of nature upon, ii. 40;
difference between and Rousseau, ii. 41.


Calas, i. 312.

Calvin, i. 4, 189;
Rousseau on, as a legislator, ii. 131;
and Servetus, ii. 180;
mentioned, ii. 181.

Candide, thought by Rousseau to be meant as a reply to him, i. 319.

Cardan, ii. 303.

Cato, how Rousseau came to be his panegyrist, i. 187.

Chambéri, probable date of Rousseau's return to, i. 62, n.;
takes up his residence there, i. 69;
effect on his mind of a French column of troops passing through, i. 72, 73;
his illness at, i. 73, n.

Charmettes, Les, Madame de Warens's residence, i. 73;
present condition of, i. 74, 75, n.;
time spent there by Rousseau, i. 94.

Charron, ii. 203.

Chateaubriand, influenced by Rousseau, i. 3.

Chatham, Lord, ii. 92.

Chaumette, ii. 178;
guillotined on charge of endeavouring to establish atheism in France, ii. 179.

Chesterfield, Lord, ii. 15.

Choiseul, ii. 57, 64, 72.

Citizen, revolutionary use of word, derived from Rousseau, ii. 161.

Civilisation, variety of the origin and process of, i. 176;
defects of, i. 176;
one of the worst trials of, ii. 102.

Cobbett, ii. 42.

Collier, Jeremy, on the English Stage, i. 323.

Condillac, i. 95.

Condorcet, i. 89;
on Social Position of Women, i. 335;
human perfectibility, ii. 119;
inspiration of, drawn from the school of Voltaire and Rousseau, ii. 194;
belief of, in the improvement of humanity, ii. 246;
grievous mistake of, ii. 247.

Confessions, the, not to be trusted for minute accuracy, i. 86, n.;
or for dates, i. 93;
first part written 1766, ii. 301;
their character, ii. 303;
published surreptitiously, ii. 324, n.;
readings from, prohibited by police, ii. 324.

Conti, Prince of, ii. 4-7;
receives Rousseau at Trye, ii. 118.

Contract, Social, i. 136.

Corsica, struggles for independence of, ii. 99;
Rousseau invited to legislate for, ii. 99-102;
bought by France, ii. 102.

Cowper, i. 20; ii. 41;
on Rousseau, ii. 41 n.;
lines in the Task, ii. 253;
his delusions, ii. 301.

Cynicism, Rousseau's assumption of, i. 206.


D'Aiguillon, ii. 72.

D'Alembert, i. 89;
Voltaire's staunchest henchman, i. 321;
his article on Geneva, i. 321;
on Stage Plays, i. 326, n.;
on Position of Women in Society, i. 335;
on Rousseau's letter on the Theatre, i. 336;
suspected by Rousseau of having written the pretended letter from Frederick of Prussia, ii. 288;
advises Hume to publish account of Rousseau's quarrel with him, ii. 294.

D'Argenson, ii. 180.

Dates of Rousseau's letters to be relied on, not those of the Confessions, i. 93.

Davenport, Mr., provides Rousseau with a home at Wootton, ii. 286;
his kindness to Rousseau, ii. 306.

Deism, Rousseau's, ii. 260-275;
that of others, ii. 262-265;
shortcomings of Rousseau's, ii. 270.

Democracy defined, ii. 168;
rejected by Rousseau, as too perfect for men, ii. 171.

D'Epinay, Madame, i. 194, 195, 205;
gives the Hermitage to Rousseau, i. 229, n.;
his quarrels with, i. 271;
his relations with, i. 273, 276;
journey to Geneva of, i. 284;
squabbles arising out of, between, and Rousseau, Diderot, and Grimm, i. 285-290;
mentioned, ii. 7, 26, 197;
wrote on education, ii. 199;
applies to secretary of police to prohibit Rousseau's readings from his Confessions, ii. 324.

D'Epinay, Monsieur, i. 254; ii. 26.

Descartes, i. 87, 225; ii. 267.

Deux Ponts, Duc de, Rousseau's rude reply to, i. 207.

D'Holbach, i. 192;
Rousseau's dislike of his materialistic friends, i. 223; ii. 37, 256.

D'Houdetot, Madame, i. 255-270;
Madame d'Epinay's jealousy of, i. 278;
mentioned, ii. 7;
offers Rousseau a home in Normandy, ii. 117.

Diderot, i. 64, 89, 133;
tries to manage Rousseau, i. 213;
his domestic misconduct, i. 215;
leader of the materialistic party, i. 223;
on Solitary Life, i. 232;
his active life, i. 233;
without moral sensitiveness, i. 262;
mentioned, i. 262, 269, 271; ii. 8;
his relations with Rousseau, i. 271;
accused of pilfering Goldoni's new play, i. 275;
his relations and contentions with Rousseau, i. 275, 276;
lectures Rousseau about Madame d'Epinay, i. 284;
visits Rousseau after his leaving the Hermitage, i. 289;
Rousseau's final breach with, i. 336;
his criticism, and plays, ii. 34;
his defects, ii. 34;
thrown into prison, ii. 57;
his difficulties with the Encyclopædists, ii. 57;
his papers saved from the police by Malesherbes, ii. 62.

Dijon, academy of, i. 132.

Discourses, The, Circumstances of the composition of the first Discourse, i. 133-136;
summary of it, i. 138-145;
disastrous effect of the progress of sciences and arts, i. 140, 141;
error more dangerous than truth useful, i. 141;
uselessness of learning and art, i. 141, 142;
terrible disorders caused in Europe by the art of printing, i. 143;
two kinds of ignorance, i. 144;
the relation of this Discourse to Montaigne, i. 145;
its one-sidedness and hollowness, i. 148;
shown by Voltaire, i. 148;
its positive side, i. 149, 150;
second Discourse, origin of the Inequality of Man, i. 154;
summary of it, i. 159, 170;
state of nature, i. 150, 162;
Hobbes's mistake, i. 161;
what broke up the "state of nature," i. 164;
its preferableness, i. 166, 167;
origin of society and laws, i. 168;
"new state of nature," i. 169;
main position of the Discourse, i. 169;
its utter inclusiveness, i. 170;
criticism on its method, i. 170;
on its matter, i. 172;
wanting in evidence, i. 172;
further objections to it, i. 173;
assumes uniformity of process, i. 176;
its unscientific character, i. 177;
its real importance, i. 178;
its protest against the mockery of civilisation, i. 178;
equality of man, i. 181;
different effects of this doctrine in France and the United States explained, i. 182, 183;
discovers a reaction against the historical method of Montesquieu, i. 183, 184;
pecuniary results of, i. 196;
Diderot's praise of first Discourse, i. 200;
Voltaire's acknowledgement of gift of second Discourse, i. 308;
the, an attack on the general ordering of society, ii. 22;
referred to, ii. 41.

Drama, its proper effect, i. 326;
what would be that of its introduction into Geneva, i. 327;
true answer to Rousseau's contentions, i. 329.

Dramatic morality, i. 326.

Drinkers, Rousseau's estimate of, i. 330.

Drunkenness, how esteemed in Switzerland and Naples, i. 331.

Duclos, i. 206; ii. 62.

Duni, i. 292.

Dupin, Madame de, Rousseau secretary to, i. 120;
her position in society, i. 195;
Rousseau's country life with, i. 196;
friend of the Abbé de Saint Pierre, i. 244.


Education, interest taken in, in France in Rousseau's time, ii. 193, 194;
its new direction ii. 195;
Locke, the pioneer of, ii. 202, 203;
Rousseau's special merit in connection with, ii. 203;
his views on (see Emilius, passim, as well as for general consideration of) what it is, ii. 219;
plans of, of Locke and others, designed for the higher class, ii. 254;
Rousseau's for all, ii. 254.

Emile, i. 136, 196.

Emilius, character of, ii. 2, 3;
particulars of the publication of, ii. 59, 60;
effect of, on Rousseau's fortunes, ii. 62-64;
ordered to be burnt by public executioner at Paris, ii. 65;
at Geneva, ii. 72;
condemned by the Sorbonne, ii. 82;
supplied (as also did the Social Contract) dialect for the longing in France and Germany to return to nature, ii. 193;
substance of, furnished by Locke, ii. 202;
examination of, ii. 197-280;
mischief produced by its good advice, ii. 206, 207;
training of young children, ii. 207, 208;
constantly reasoning with them a mistake of Locke's, ii. 209;
Rousseau's central idea, disparagement of the reasoning faculty, ii. 209, 210;
theories of education, practice better than precept, ii. 211;
the idea of property, the first that Rousseau would have given to a child, ii. 212;
modes of teaching, ii. 214, 215;
futility of such methods, ii. 215, 216;
where Rousseau is right, and where wrong, ii. 219, 220;
effect of his own want of parental love, ii. 220;
teaches that everybody should learn a trade, ii. 223;
no special foresight, ii. 224, 225;
supremacy of the common people insisted upon, ii. 226, 227;
three dominant states of mind to be established by the instructor, ii. 229, 230;
Rousseau's incomplete notion of justice, ii. 231;
ideal of Emilius, ii. 232, 233;
forbids early teaching of history, ii. 237, 238;
disparages modern history, ii. 239;
criticism on the old historians, ii. 240;
education of women, ii. 241;
Rousseau's failure here, ii. 242, 243;
inconsistent with himself, ii. 244, 245;
worthlessness of his views, ii. 249;
real merits of the work, ii. 249;
its effect in Germany, ii. 251, 252;
not much effect on education in England, ii. 252;
Emilius the first expression of democratic teaching in education, ii. 254;
Rousseau's deism, ii. 258, 260, 264-267, 269, 270, 276;
its inadequacy for the wants of men, ii. 267-270;
his position towards Christianity, ii. 270-276;
real satisfaction of the religious emotions, ii. 275-280.

Encyclopædia, The, D'Alembert's article on Geneva in, i. 321.

Encyclopædists, the society of, confirms Rousseau's religious faith, i. 221;
referred to, ii. 257.

Evil, discussions on Rousseau's, Voltaire's, and De Maistre's teachings concerning, i. 313, n., 318;
different effect of existence of, on Rousseau and Voltaire, i. 319.


Fénelon, ii. 37, 248;
Rousseau's veneration for, ii. 321.

Ferguson, Adam, ii. 253.

Filmer contends that a man is not naturally free, ii. 126.

Foundling Hospital, Rousseau sends his children to the, i. 120.

France, debt of, to Rousseau, i. 3;
Rousseau the one great religious writer of, in the eighteenth century, i. 26;
his wanderings in the east of, i. 61;
his fondness for, i. 62-72;
establishment of local academies in, i. 132;
decay in, of Greek literary studies, i. 146;
effects in, of doctrine of equality of man, i. 182;
effects in, of Montesquieu's "Spirit of Laws," i. 183;
amiability of, in the eighteenth century, i. 187;
effect of Rousseau's writings in, i. 187;
collective organisation in, i. 222;
St. Pierre's strictures on government of, i. 244;
Rousseau on government of, i. 246;
effect of Rousseau's spiritual element on, i. 306;
patriotism wanting in, i. 332;
difficulties of authorship in, ii. 55-64;
buys Corsica from the Genoese, ii. 102;
state of, after 1792, apparently favourable to the carrying out of Rousseau's political views, ii. 131, 132;
in 1793, ii. 135;
haunted by narrow and fervid minds, ii. 142.

Francueil, Rousseau's patron, i. 99;
grandfather of Madame George Sand, i. 99, n.;
Rousseau's salary from, i. 120;
country-house of, i. 196.

Franklin, Benjamin, ii. 42.

Frederick of Prussia, relations between, and Rousseau, ii. 73-78;
"famous bull" of, ii. 90.

Freeman on Growth of English Constitution, ii. 164.

French, principles of, revolution, i. 1, 2, 3;
process and ideas of, i. 4;
Rousseau of old, stock, i. 8;
poetry, Rousseau on, i. 90, ib. n.;
melody, i. 105;
academy, thesis for prize, i. 150, n.;
philosophers, i. 202,
music, i. 291;
music, its pretensions demolished by Rousseau, i. 294;
ecclesiastics opposed to the theatre, ii. 322;
stage, Rousseau on, i. 325;
morals, depravity of, ii. 26, 27;
Barbier on, ii. 26;
thought, benefit, or otherwise of revolution on, ii. 54;
history, evil side of, in Rousseau's time, ii. 56;
indebted to Holland for freedom of the press, ii. 59;
catholic and monarchic absolutism sunk deep into the character of the, ii. 167.

French Convention, story of member of the, ii. 134, n.


Galuppi, effect of his music, i. 105.

Geneva, i. 8;
characteristics of its people, i. 9;
Rousseau's visit to, i. 93;
influence of, on Rousseau, i. 94;
he revisits it in 1754, i. 186-190, 218;
turns Protestant again there, i. 220;
religious opinion in, i. 223 (also i. 224, n.);
Rousseau thinks of taking up his abode in, i. 228;
Voltaire at, i. 308;
D'Alembert's article on, in Encyclopædia, i. 321;
Rousseau's notions of effect of introducing the drama at, i. 327;
council of, order public burning of Emilius and the Social Contract, and arrest of the author if he came there, ii. 72;
the only place where the Social Contract was actually burnt, ii. 73, n.;
Voltaire suspected to have had a hand in the matter, ii. 81;
council of, divided into two camps by Rousseau's condemnation, in 1762, ii. 102;
Rousseau renounces his citizenship in, ii. 104;
working of the republic, ii. 104.

Genevese, Bishop Burnet on, i. 225;