Somerset, Duke of, i. 207

South Carolina, secession of, i. 41, 44; Times view on, 55; and restoration of Colonial relations: some British misconceptions on, 43, 44 and note

Southern Independence Association, The, ii. 185, 189, 191-5, 204, 220, 298; cessation of meetings of, 193-4, 222-3; apathy and dissension in, 205, 207, 208; resolution and deputation to Palmerston, 210-2, 216; ticket meetings, 239; Oldham meeting, 239, 240

Southern Ports Bill. See Blockade

Southern States: attitude of, to protection policy, i. 21, 47; and reciprocity treaty with British-American provinces, 21-2; influences directing British trade to, 22; British press attitude to, 40-48 passim; characterization of, 41; right of secession, 42, 82, 175, 176, 269; tariff as a cause for secession, 47; question of recognition considered, 58; secession, 172-3; preparations for war, 172; recognized as belligerents, 190, 191, 172; expulsion of British Consuls, by, ii. 148 note[2]; activities of British friends of, 152, 187-8, 190, 193-4, 239, 298; Conservative hopes for success of, 300; views on French attitude, ii. 236 note[2]; effect of the fall of Savannah on, 246; end of the Confederacy, 248, 259, 268; hope of, from "foreign war," 252; effect on, of Lincoln's assassination 258; withdrawal of belligerent rights to, 264-6; end of the war; naval policy towards, 266-7 Belligerent rights, recognition of, i. 87, 88, 95, 108, 109, 150, 151, 155, 166 note[3]. See Neutrality Proclamations. Commissioners of, See under Confederate Commissioners Cotton, obsession as to, i. 252 note[2]; ii. 4, 5 Cotton Loan, ii. 155 et seq. 179; reception of, in England, 160-1; amounts realized by, 162 Declaration of Paris negotiation: attitude to, i. 186 Finance, ii. 156 et seq. Hampton Roads Conference: suggestions in, ii. 252-3 Leaders of: British information on, i. 58-9 Manifesto to Europe, ii. 241 and note[2], 242 Mediation: feeling in, on England's refusal of, ii. 71 and note[2]; hope of change in British policy on, 213-4 Military resources: decline of, ii. 219; desertions from the Army, 222 Negroes, arming of, ii. 240-1, 251 Privateering. See that heading. Recognition of independence: anger at failure to secure, i. 252 note[2]; desire for, without mediation, ii. 217 Secret service funds, ii. 154 note[1] Shipbuilding in British ports for, ii. 115 et seq.; British protest to, on, 148. See also under Alabama, Laird Rams, Oreto, etc. Slavery attitude, ii. 88 and note[3]; intention of gradual emancipation, 98; British views on, 220; offer of abolition in return for recognition, 249-51

Spain, and Mexican debts, i. 259, 260

Spargo, Karl Marx, cited, ii. 292 note[1]

Spectator, The, i. 70 note[1]; ii. 231 note; constant advocacy of Northern cause, i. 39; on Lincoln's election, 39; views on the Civil War, 41, 69, 100, 181; on secession, 57; on Proclamation of Neutrality, 100, 136 note[1]; attacks Bulwer Lytton's speech on dissolution of the Union, 182; on servile insurrection and emancipation, ii. 79, 80; on British Press attitude to emancipation, 89; on declaration of anti-slavery purpose in the war, 89; on the Emancipation Proclamation, 104-5; on British lack of sympathy with the North, 280; on anti-slavery sympathies and view of democracy in England, 280; otherwise mentioned, i. 180; ii. 105, 223 note[1], 282

Spence, James, i. 183 note[2], 266 and note[2]; conferences of, in London, 266, 267, 272 and note[1], 273; prevents demonstration by cotton operatives, 300; plan to appeal to the Tories, ii. 153, 155, 164; as Confederate financial adviser, 156, 157, 158; and Confederate Cotton Loan, 159, 161-2; urges withdrawal of Roebuck's motion, 173-4; effect of the fall of Vicksburg on, 179; organization of Southern Clubs by, 186-7, 188, 189, 190; hopes for intervention, 187-8, 189-90; organization of Southern Independence Association by, 191; organization of meetings by, 191, 222-3; organizes petitions to Parliament, 193; comments of, on the Palmerston-Mason interview, 216-7; on slavery clause in Southern Independence Association's address, 220 Slidell's opinion of, i. 266 note[3]; ii. 159; Otherwise mentioned, i. 302; ii. 49 note[2], 181, 193 The American Union, i. 183 and note[2], 266 note[3]; ii. 112

Spencer, Herbert, quoted, i. 38

Spurgeon, C.H., prayer of, for victory of the North, ii. 109-110

Stanley of Alderley, Lord, ii. 42

Stephen, Leslie, meeting of, with Seward, ii. 176 note[2]

Stephens, Alexander H., Vice-President of Southern Government, i. 59, 81, 121; interview of, with Schleiden, 122, 123; discussion of, with Seward on Confederate foreign war plan, ii. 252

Stevenson, American Minister to London, letter of, to Palmerston, quoted, i. 109-10

Stoeckl, Russian Minister at Washington: view of the secession, i. 53 note[3]; on Russian policy in Declaration of Paris negotiations, 164 note[1]; on privateers in Northern Pacific, 171 note[1]; and recognition of the South, 196 note[3], and Mercier's Richmond visit, 283 and note[1]; on mediation, 283 note[1]; ii. 37 and note[1], 59 note[4], 70 note[2], 76; comments of, on Emancipation Proclamation, 107 note[1]; on the reconciliation of North and South followed by a foreign war, 251; Seward's request to, on withdrawal of Southern belligerent rights, 265; views on probable policy of Britain at the beginning of the Civil War, 269-70, 271; on the Civil War as a warning against democracy, 297 note[4]; Otherwise mentioned, i. 54 note[1]; ii. 45 note[2]

Stone Boat Fleet. See Blockade.

Story, William Wetmore, i. 228, 256; letters of, in Daily News, 228 and note[4]

Stowe, Mrs. Harriet Beecher, and the Saturday Review, i. 181; mentioned, ii. 89-90, 109 Uncle Tom's Cabin, i. 33 and note[1]

Stowell, Lord, i. 208

Stuart--, British Minister at Washington: report of new Northern levies of men, ii. 30; on recognition, 30 and note[3]; views on British policy, 30 note[3]; attitude to intervention and recognition, 36, 37, 66 note[3]; report of Lincoln's emancipation proclamation, 37, 98; suggestion of armistice, 47; account of Federal "reprisals," 66 note[3]; on servile insurrection, 97; describes Emancipation proclamation as a brutum fulmen, 101 Otherwise mentioned, ii. 25, 26, 66 note[3], 70, 100, 101 note[1]

Sturge, Joseph, A Visit to the United States in 1841, cited, i. 29

Sumner, Charles, i. 79, 80; Brooks' attack on, 33, 80; hope of, for appointment as Minister to England, 55 and note[2]; views on annexation of Canada, 55; in Trent affair, 231, 232, 234 note[3]; attitude to Southern Ports Bill, 248 and note[3]; advocacy of abolition, ii. 81, 90; conversations with Lincoln on abolition, 82, 86; attitude to Privateering Bill, 123, 124; otherwise mentioned, i. 49 note, 83, 130 note[1], 220; ii. 80, 132, 184, 247, 262, 280

Sumter, Fort, fall of, i. 63, 73, 74, 83, 120, 172, 173; Seward's policy on reinforcement of, 118

Sutherland, Rev. Dr., prayer of in American Senate, i. 233 note