St. Andre, French Acting-Consul at Charleston, i. 185, 186, 191 note[4]

Salisbury, Lord, quoted on John Bright's oratory, ii. 290 note[1]

Salt, price of, in Charleston: effect of the blockade, i. 270

San Domingo, Seward's overture to Great Britain for a convention to guarantee independence of, i. 126 note[1]

San Francisco, Russian vessels in harbour of, ii. 129 and note[1]

San Jacinto, the, i. 204, 205, 216

Saturday Review, The: views of, on Lincoln's election, i. 39; judgment of Seward, 39; views at outbreak of war, 41, 46; on Southern right of secession, 42; on Proclamation of Neutrality, 100-1; on reported American adhesion to Declaration of Paris, 146 note[1]; on slavery as an issue: attack on Mrs. H.B. Stowe, 180-1; on blockade and recognition, 183; on duration of war and cotton supply, 246 note[3]; on servile insurrection, ii. 80; and the relation between the American struggle and British institutions, 276, 277-8, 280; on the promiscuous democracy of the North, 277; on the Republic and the British Monarchy, 277-8; cited, 111, 231 note

Savannah, Ga., i. 253 note[1]; captured by Sherman, ii. 245, 249, 300-1

Scherer, Cotton as a World Power, cited, ii. 6

Schilling, C., ii. 301 note[3]

Schleiden, Rudolph, Minister of Republic of Bremen, i. 115, 116 note, 130; views of, on Seward and Lincoln, 115-6; offers services as mediator: plan of an armistice, 121, 122; visit of, to Richmond, 121-3; failure of his mediation, 122-3; report of Russian attitude to privateers, 171 note[1]; on Trent affair, 231 note[2], 242; on Lincoln and Seward's attitude to release of envoys, 231 note[2]; on attitude of Seward and Sumner to Southern Ports Bill, 248 note[3]; quoted, on slavery, ii. 111 and note[2]

Schleswig-Holstein question, i. 79; ii. 203-4

Schmidt, Wheat and Cotton during the Civil War, cited, ii. 7 notes; 167 note[1]; arguments in, examined, 13 note[2]

Scholefield, Wm., ii. 193 note

Schouler,----, on diplomatic controversies between England and America, cited, i. 35

Schroeder, quoted on Erlanger's contract to issue Confederate Cotton Loan, ii. 161-2

Schurz, Carl, papers of, in library of Congress, cited, i. 117 note; advocates declaration of an anti-slavery purpose in the war, ii. 91, 92; cited i. 83 note[2]

Schwab, The Confederate States of America, cited, ii. 156 note[1], 158 note[4], 160 notes, 162 note[3]

Scott, Winfield, American General, on Wilkes' action in Trent affair, i. 218

Sears, A Confederate Diplomat at the Court of Napoleon III, cited, i. 261 note, 289 note[2]; ii. 24 note[1]

Secession States, ports of, i. 253 note[1]

Semmes, captain of the Alabama, ii. 119

Senior, Nassau W., article on "American Slavery," i. 33; quoted, 33 note[1], 34

Servile insurrection, i. 271; ii. 83, 87; British apprehension of, i. 93; ii. 49, 79, 80, 81, 101, 110; emancipation viewed as provocative of, 49, 81, 86, 98, 101, 114; as an argument for intervention, 98, 101, 103 note[6]; use of as a threat, 18-19, 83, 94, 95, 97, 98, 100, 114

Seward, W.H., American Secretary of State, i. 39, 49, 59, 60, 64, 79, 80, 115; British view of, 60, 80, view of, as unfriendly to Great Britain, 39, 67, 68, 113-4, 125 et seq. 242; reputation as a politician, 80, 114, 115; efforts of, to secure European support for the North, 67, 137, 152; view of his relation to Lincoln, 114, 115-6, 118, 120, 127-8, 130; document "Some Thoughts for the President's Consideration," 118-9, 123, 124; advice on Fort Sumter, 118, 120; his "Despatch No. 10", 125-30, 154, 155; reversal of his policy, 130, 132; action on Britain's necessity of intercourse with the South, 164; instructions to American diplomats on slavery as issue, i. 176; ii. 95; offers facilities for transport of British troops, i. 213 note[4]; change of attitude to England, ii. 72; quarrel with Chase, 72; influence of, lessened by signing Abolition Proclamation, 100 note[2]; friendliness to Lyons, 72, 141; appreciation of Russell's expression of esteem, 147; attitude to Russell, 197; policy in regard to reunion, 197; plan of collecting import duties at Southern ports, 198; tests British-French harmony, 198; anxiety to avoid irritating incidents, 199; considers abrogation of treaties with Canada, 253-4; denies rumours of prospective foreign war, 254; accepts notification of ending of British neutrality, 268-9; meets with an accident, 257; attempted murder of, 257-8, 265

Diplomatic action and views of, with regard to:

Belligerent rights to South denial of, i. 87, 102, 169, 233, ii. 182; remonstrance on concession of, i. 247, 274, proposes withdrawal of, ii. 264-5, 266; See also under Declaration of Paris and Neutrality infra.

Blockade, i. 54 note[1], 65, 246, 295; interviews with Lyons on, 244, 245, 246, 251, 256, 257; suggested alleviation of, i. 274 Southern Ports Bill: reassures Lord Lyons' on American intentions in, i. 249; attitude to issue of, 248 note[3], 250, 251, 252; on closing of ports by proclamation, 250, 252 Stone Boat Fleet blockade: statement on, i. 256-7

Bunch affair, i. 184, 189, 191 and note[4], 192, 193, 194 and note[1]

Confederate debts: statement on, ii. 197

Confederate envoys: British intercourse with, i. 105

Confederate shipbuilding in Britain: ii. 121, 139, 140; effect of seizure of the Alexandra on, 140; despatch on Alexandra case decision, 143 and note[2]; refuses to allow British Consul through the blockade, 148

Cotton: on proposed French intervention to secure, i. 198, 200; promises of, based on capture of New Orleans, ii. 16

Declaration of Paris negotiation, i. 137, 141, 145, 147, 150 et seq.; statement in refusing convention as modified by Russell, 145; motives in, 150-2, 153, 169; hope to influence foreign attitude to Southern belligerent rights, 150-1, 162, 164, 165, 169; as part of foreign war policy: considered, 153-4, 155-6

Emancipation Proclamation: urges postponement of, ii. 37. 85, 95, 96, 98, 114; informed as to effect of, on intervention, 98, 99 comments on purpose of, 99-100 the "high moral purpose" argument, ii. 100; proposes convention for transport of emancipated slaves, 100

Hampton Roads Conference, ii. 252; attitude to Britain after, 253-4

Intervention: attitude to, i. 145, 178, 200; threat of servile war and, ii. 18-19, 22, 95; instructions to Adams on, 35-6, 96-7; view of the effect of emancipation, on, 98, 114. See also Mediation infra.

Irish Emigrants: enlistment of, ii. 201

Mediation: attitude to, i. 283 note[1], 297; ii. 18, 57 note[2]; by France, i. 283 note[1]; by Russia, 283 note[1]; view of England's refusal to act with France in, ii. 71, 72; declines French offer of, 76 See also Intervention supra.

Mercier's Richmond visit, i. 280-4, 286; statement to Lyons: view of Confederate position, 286; newspaper statement on, 287

Napoleon's Mexican policy: attitude to, ii. 198

Neutrality Proclamations: representations on, i. 100, 101; despatch on American view of, 101, 103 note[1], 134; refusal to receive officially, 102-3, 132, 133, 153 and note[2], 164; efforts to secure recall of, 152-3, 169, 198, 234, 274-5, 300, 301

Privateering, i. 160; convention with Russia, 171 note. See also Southern Privateering infra.

"Privateering Bill:" use of, ii. 121 note[3], 141, 151; on the purpose and use of the privateers, 122-3, 125, 137, 143; conversations with Lyons on, 125, 126; on necessity for issuing letters of marque, 126, 143; advised by Adams against issue of privateers, 131, 139

Recognition of Southern Independence, i. 65, 74, 198

Servile War threat, ii. 18-19, 22, 83, 95, 98

Slave Trade Treaty with Great Britain, i. 10, 275, 276; ii. 90

Southern privateering: view of, i. 104, 105; efforts to influence European attitude to, i. 104, 150-1, 154, 162, 164, 169; attitude on issue of privateers from British ports, ii. 126, 127

Trent affair: reception of British demands in, i. 230, 232, 233; on Wilkes' action, 231; attitude to release of envoys, 231 and note[2], 232, 233, 234, 236; British opinion on Seward in, 239

Foreign Policy: high tone, i. 236, 252 and note[1], 301; restoration of the Union as basis of, 236; influences affecting, ii. 95, 100

Foreign war panacea, i. 60, 113, 120, 123-4, 125, 126 note[1], 127, 130, 132, 134-5, 137, 154, 155, 214; appreciation of, 136.

Southern conciliation policy of, i. 49, 83, 117, 118, 120-1, 123, 125; expectations from Union sentiment in the South, 60, 117; aids Schieiden's Richmond visit, 121-3; communications with Confederate Commissioners, 117-8, 120

Appreciation and criticism of: by British statesmen and press in 1865.... ii. 257; Times tribute to, 257; Horace Greeley's attack on, i. 280 note[1]; Gregory's attack on, i. 269; Lyons' view of, i. 59, 60; Adams' admiration for i. 80, 127

British suspicion of, i. 113, 114, 128, 133, 136, 227, 235-6; ii. 101 note[1]; the Newcastle story, 80, 114, 216, 227; Thurlow Weeds' efforts to remove, 227; Adams' view, 227

Otherwise mentioned, i. 66, 163 notes, 177, 186, 188, 209, 212, 213, 217; ii. 39, 84, 123 note[2], 170, 173, 175, 223, 225, 245 note[1], 259, 281

Shelburne, Earl of, i. 240

Sheridan's campaign in the Shenandoah, views in French press on, ii. 236 note[2]

Sherman, General: Atlanta campaign of, ii. 217; captures Atlanta, 233; march to the sea, 243-5; captures Savannah, 245, 249, 300-1; campaign against Johnston, 248; reports of pillaging and burning by his army, 265; mentioned, 215 Russell, W.H., views of, on Sherman's campaigns, ii. 230, 232-3, 243 Times view of his campaigns, ii. 212, 227, 232, 243-6

Shiloh, General Grant's victory at, i. 278

Shipbuilding by Confederates in neutral ports, ii. 116, 117 note[1], 128; Continental opinion of international law on, 121 note[1]

Shipping Gazette, quoted, ii. 14

Shrewsbury, Earl of, cited on democracy in America and its failure, ii. 282

Slavery: cotton supplies and, i. 13; controversy in America on, 32, 36; English opinion on, 31-5, 37-8, 40; as an issue in the Civil War, 45, 46, 173, 175, 176, 179, 181, 241, 242; ii. 78, 88-93, 222; Confederates identified with, i. 71; ii. 220; Southern arguments for, 3 and note[2]; attitude of the North to, 78; growth of anti-slavery sentiment, 83, 84; failure of the slaves to rise, 86; Northern declaration on, urged, 98-9, 107; British public meetings on, 109 note[2]; Southern declaration on, 106. See also African Slave Trade, Emancipation, Servile Insurrection, etc.

Slidell, John, "Special Commissioner of the Confederates" to France, i. 203; captured on the Trent, 204-5, 234 and note[2]; connection of with Napoleon's Mexican policy, 261 note[1]; plan of action of, 264-5; received by Thouvenel, 266 note[1]; view on Continental and British interests in the blockade, 267 note[3], 273; view of Mercier's Richmond visit, 228; on Lindsay's interviews with Napoleon, 292; views of, on the capture of New Orleans, 296; idea to demand recognition from France, 306, 307; ii. 25, 28; hopes of mediation by France, ii. 19, 25; interview of, with Napoleon, 23, 24; makes offers to Napoleon and to Thouvenel, 24, 25; letter to Benjamin on failure to secure intervention, 29; interview with Napoleon on Armistice, 59 and note[2], 60; memorandum of, to the Emperor, asking for separate recognition, 75; on shipbuilding for Confederates in France, 128; quoted on position of France in relation to mediation, 155; and Confederate Cotton Loan, 158 and note[3], 159, 161, 163; interview of, with Napoleon, on recognition, 167; and Napoleon's instruction on recognition in Roebuck's motion, 168-9, 172; and Mason's recall, 180, 181, 182; opinion of Russell, 213; suggestion on Lindsay's motion, 213; disappointment at result of Mason's interview with Palmerston, 215; opinion on European attitude to the South, 215; interview with Napoleon on the abolition of slavery in return for recognition, 249-50; quoted on Lee's surrender 256-7; appreciation of as diplomatic agent, ii. 25, 180 note[3]; correspondence of, i. 261 note; otherwise mentioned, ii. 154 note[1]. See also under heading Confederate Commissioners

Smith, Goldwin, ii. 136 note[2], 189 note[2]; on Gladstone and Canada, 69, 70 note[1]; quoted on the influence of the Times, 178 note[3], 189 note[2]; on the Daily Telegraph, 189 note[2]; tribute of, to T.B. Potter, 224 note[3]; view of the Times attitude to democracy, 299; criticism of the privileged classes of Great Britain, 303-4 America and England in their present relations, quoted, ii. 304, and note[2] Civil War, The, in America, cited, ii. 223 note[2], 224 note[3]; quoted, 304 note[1] Does the Bible sanction American Slavery?" ii. 110 Letter, A, to a Whig Member of the Southern Independence Association, ii. 194-5; quoted, 299

Smith, T.C., Parties and Slavery, cited, ii. 3 note[2]

Society for Promoting the Cessation of Hostilities in America, ii. 207; letters of, to Members of Parliament, 207-8, 210-11; deputation of, to Palmerston, 216