Ebbinghaus, H.
Eberhard, J.A.
Echtermeyer
Eckhart
Eclecticism, of the German Illumination
 of Schleiermacher
 of Cousin and his School
Edfeldt, H.
Education
 Locke on
 Rousseau on
Edwards, Jonathan
Ego, the
 certain knowledge of, in Campanella, and Descartes
 the individual, and the transcendental consciousness in Kant
 Fichte's doctrine of
 a complex of representations in Beneke
 Fortlage on
 Herbart's doctrine of
 the neo-Kantians on the individual, and the transcendental consciousness
 See also Soul
Ellis
Emerson, R.W.
Empiricism
 founded by Bacon
 in Hobbes
 and rationalism
 of Locke
 of J.S. Mill
 of Opzoomer
 Liebmann on
 See also Experience, Sensationalism
Encyclopedists, the
Engel, J.J.
Ennemoser
Erasmus, Desiderius
Erdmann, Benno
 works by
Erdmann, J.E.
 works by
 philosophy of
Erhardt, F.
Eschenmayer, K.A.
Ethelism
 in Crusius
 of Fichte
 of Schopenhauer
 in Hartmann
 See also Panthelism.
Ethics
 Bacon on
 Hobbes's political theory of
 Descartes on
 Geulincx on
 Spinoza on
 Pascal on
 Malebranche on
 Locke on
 English, of XVIII. century
 Hume's empirical and mechanical
 of French sensationalists
 of French materialists
 of Rousseau
 of Leibnitz
 of Herder
 of Kant
 of Fichte
 of Schleiermacher
 of Hegel
 of J.F. Fries
 of Beneke
 of Herbart
 of Schopenhauer
 of Comte
 of Bentham
 of J.S. Mill,
 of Spencer
 of T.H. Green
 of Lotze
 of Hartmann
 recent German interest in
Eucken, R.
 works by
 philosophy of
Everett, C.C.
Evil
 Weigel on the origin of
 Böhme on the origin of
 Spinoza's doctrine of
 Leibnitz's doctrine of
 Schelling's theory of
 Baader's theory of
 Fechner's view of
 See also Optimism, Pessimism
Evolution
 in the sense of explication in Nicolas of Cusa
 and involution in Leibnitz
 cosmical, of Spencer
 biological, of Darwin
 Cf. also the systems of Schelling, Hegel, Hartmann
Exner, F.
Experience
 the basis of science in Bacon
 Kant on
 Green on
 Liebmann's view of
 See also Empiricism, Sensationalism
External World, the
 reality of, in Descartes
 knowledge and reality of, in Locke
 Berkeley on
 Kant on the reality of
 the "material of duty in the form of sense" in Fichte

Faber Stapulensis (Lefèvre of Etaples)
Faith
 the reformers' view of
 Deistic view of
 Kant on
 Kant on moral or practical
 Paulsen on practical
 See also Deism
Faith and Reason,
 the relation of, in modern philosophy
 Bayle on
 Locke on
 Deistic view of
 in Rousseau
 Leibnitz on
 Lessing on
 Baader on
 Schleiermacher on
 See also Deism
Faith Philosophy, the
 of Hamann
 of Herder
 of Jacobi
 elements of, in J.F. Fries
Falckenberg, R.
 works by
Farrer, J.A.
Fechner, G.T.
 system of
Fechner, H.A.
Feder, J.G.H.
Feeling
 the basis of knowledge in Pascal
 the central doctrine of Rousseau
 central to religion in Schleiermacher
 See also The Faith Philosophy
Ferguson, Adam
Ferrari, Giuseppe
Ferraz
Ferri, L.
Ferrier, D.
Ferrier, J.F.
Fester, R.
Feuerbach, L.
 philosophy of
Fichte, I.H.
Fichte, J.G.
 and Kant
 system of
 and Schelling
 and Hegel
 and Herbart
 and Lotze
 See also Idealism, Jacobi, Kant
Ficinus
Filmer
Final Causes, see Teleology
Fiorentino, F.
Fischer, E.L.
Fischer, K. Ph.
Fischer, Karl
Fischer, Kuno
 works by
 on Spinoza
 on Kant
 his philosophy
 and neo-Kantianism
Fiske, John
Flint, K.
Fludd, R.
Flügel
Forberg
Forge, L. de la
Fortlage, Karl
 works by
 system of
Fouillèe, A.
Fowler, Thos.
Fox Bourne
Franchi, A.
Franck, A.
Franck, Sebastian
Francke
Frantz, K.
Eraser, A.C.
Frauenstädt, J.
Frederichs, F.
Frederick the Great
Freedom of the Will, Hobbes's denial of
 Descartes's unlimited affirmation of
 denied by Spinoza
 Locke on
 denied by Hume
 in Rousseau
 Leibnitz on
 Herder on
 Kant on
 Fichte on
 Schelling on
 Herbart on
 Schopenhauer on
 J-S. Mill on
 See also Character, the Intelligible; Determinism
Frege, G.
Freudenthal, J.
Fries, A. de
Fries, J.F., and Kant
 an opponent of constructive idealism
 his system
 and Herbart
Froschammer
Fullerton, G.S.

Gabler
Gale
Galileo (Galileo Galilei)
 his work as a foundation for modern physics
 his system
Galluppi, P.
Galton, Francis
Garve, C.
Gassendi, P.
Gauss
Gay
Geijer, E.G.
Geil
Genovesi, A.
Gentilis, Albericus
George, L.
George of Trebizond
Georgius Scholarius (Gennadius)
Gerdil, S.
Gerhardt
Gerson
Gersonides
Geulincx, Arnold
Gichtel
Gierke, O.
Gilbert, William
Gioberti, V.
Gioja, M.
Gizycki, G. von
Glanvil
Glisson, Francis
Glogau, G.
God, doctrine of, in Nicolas of Cusa
 in Taurellus
 in Bruno
 Campanella's argument for the existence of
 Weigel's doctrine of
 Böhme's doctrine of
 Descartes's arguments for the existence of
 Spinoza's doctrine of
 Malebranche's view of
 Locke's doctrine of
 Berkeley ascribes ideas of sense-world to
 Hume's doctrine of
 Voltaire's doctrine of
 Holbach's discussion of
 Leibnitz's doctrine of
 Reimarus's doctrine of
 Lessing's doctrine of
 Herder's doctrine of
 Jacobi's doctrine of
 Kant on the arguments for the existence of
 Fichte's doctrine of
 Schelling's doctrine of
 F. Krause's doctrine of
 Baader's doctrine of
 Schleiermacher's doctrine of
 Beneke's doctrine of
 Herbart's doctrine of
 Böstrom's doctrine of
 the doctrine of, in Hegel's School
 Strauss's doctrine of
 Feuerbach's doctrine of
 the doctrine of, in the Theistic School
 Fechner on the relation of God and the world
 Lotze's doctrine of
 Hartmann's doctrine of
 See also:
 Cosmological Argument
 Deism
 Ontological Argument
 Religion
 Teleological Argument
 Theology
Göhring, C.
Golther, L. von
Göschel
Goethe
Gottsched
Gracian, B.
Grazia, V. de
Green, T.H., works by
 doctrine of
Grimm, E.
Grimm, F.M., Baron von
Groos, K.
Grot, N. von
Grote, John
Grotius, Hugo
Grubbe, S.
Gruber, H.
Grün, K.
Guhrauer
Günther, A.
Gutberlet, C.
Guthrie, M.
Güttler, C.
Guyau, J.M.
Gwinner, W.

Haeckel, E.
Haeghen, V. van der
Hagemann
Hall, G.S.
Hallier
Hamann, J.G.
Hamann, O.
Hamberger
Hamilton, Sir William
Harless, A. von
Harmony
 Leibnitz's pre-established
 Wolff's development of Leibnitz's, pre-established
Harms, F.
Harris, W.T.
Harrison, Frederic
Hartenstein, G.
Hartley, David
Hartmann, E. von
 works by
 system of
Harvey
Hase, K.A.
Hassbach
Hausegger
Hausrath
Havet
Haym, R.
Hazard, R.G.
Heath
Hebler, C.
Heereboord
Hegel, G.W.F.
 and Schelling
 system of
 opponents of
 influence and followers of
 See also J.G. Fichte, Kant, Schelling
Hegelians, the Old
 the Young
 See also Semi-Hegelians
Hegler, A.
Heiland, K.
Heinze, M.
Helmholtz, H.
Helmont, F.M. van
Helmont, J.B. van
Helvetius, C.A.
Hemming
Hemsterhuis, F.
Herbart, J.F.
 system of
 See also J.G. Fichte
Herbert, Lord, of Cherbury
Herder, J.G.
 system of
 Schelling and
Hering
Hermann, C.
Hermann, W.
Hermes, G.
Herz, M.
Heusde, P.W. van
Heussler, H.
Heyder, Karl
Hinneberg
Hinrichs
Hirnhaym
History
 Machiavelli on
 Herder's philosophy of
 Kant's view of
 Fichte's view of
 Schelling's view of
 F. Krause's philosophy of
 Hegel's philosophy of
 Vico's philosophy of
History of Philosophy, the
 importance of
 method in
 Hegel's view of
 recent development of
Hobbes, Thomas
 his system
 and Descartes
 and Spinoza
 and Locke
 and Hume
 and Pufendorf
Höffding, H.
Hoffmann, Franz
Höijer, B.
Holbach, Baron von
Hölder, A.

Hölderlin
Home, Henry, (Lord Kames)
Horváth
Horwicz, A.
Hotho
Huber, J.
Huber, U.
Huet(ius), P.D.
Hufeland
Hume, David
 system of
 and Scottish School
 and Kant
 See also Berkeley, Locke
Hunt, J.
Husserl, E.G.
Hutcheson, Francis
Huxley, T.H.

Ibbot
Idealism
 phenomenal or individual of Berkeley
 in Leibnitz
 critical or transcendental, of Kant
 post-Kantian, of Beck
 subjective, of Fichte
 objective, of Schelling
 absolute or logical, of Hegel
 the opposition to constructive
 in Schopenhauer
 German, in Great Britain
 of Green
 in America
 ethical or ideological, of Lotze
 idealistic reaction in Germany against the scientific spirit
 Falckenberg on (ethical) idealism and the future
Ideas,
 innate, in Descartes, Locke, Leibnitz, the rationalists and the empiricists
 origin of, in Descartes, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, the rationalists and
 empiricists, and Herbart
 impressions and, in Hume
 unconscious ideas or representations in Leibnitz
 Ideas of reason in Kant
 the logical Idea the subject of the world-process in Hegel
Identity, Locke on
 Spinozism a system of
 Schelling's philosophy or system of
 the philosophy of, among Schelling's followers
 Hegel's doctrine a system of
 Fortlage's system of
 philosophy of, in Schopenhauer
Immortality
 Hume on
 Voltaire on
 Rousseau on
 Leibnitz on
 Kant on
 Schleiermacher on
 Beneke on
 Herbart on
 Hegel's followers on
 Strauss on
 Fechner on
Imperative, the Categorical
 in Kant
 in Fichte
 in Beneke
Induction
 Kepler on
 Galileo on
 used before Bacon
 Bacon's theory of
 in Hobbes
 J.S. Mill's theory of
Irwing, Von

Jacobi, F.H.
 system of
 and Fichte
 and the anti-idealists
Jacobson, J.
Jäger, G.
James, William
Janet, Paul
Jansenists
Jastrow, J.
Jesuits
Jevons, W.S.
Jhering, R. von
Jodl, F.
Joël, M.
Jouffroy, T.
Judgment
 Descartes on
 rationalists and empiricists both mistake nature of
 Kant on synthetic judgments a priori
 the categories and, in Kant
 judgments of perception and of experience in Kant
 Kant on aesthetic and teleological
Jungius

Kaatz, H.
Kaftan, J.
Kaltenborn, C. von
Kant, I.

 position in modern philosophy
 and Locke
 and the Illumination
 system of
 the development to Fichte
 and Fichte
 and Schelling
 and Hegel
 and Schopenhauer
 his influence, followers, and opponents
 See also Berkeley, Critique of Reason, J.G. Fichte, Hume, Leibnitz,
 Locke,
 Schopenhauer, Wolff
Kayserling
Kedney, J.S.
Kent, G.
Kepler, J.
 philosophy of
Kielmeyer
Kierkegaard, S.
Kieser
King, Lord
Kirchmann, J.H. von
Kirchner
Klein, G.M.
Knauer, V.
Knight, W.
Knoodt, P.
Knowledge
 theory of, in modern thought
 doctrine of, in Nicolas of Cusa
 declared deceptive by Montaigne
 mathematical basis of, in Kepler and Galileo
 in Bacon
 in Hobbes
 in Herbart
 the two views of
 Geulincx on
 Descartes on
 Spinoza on
 Malebranche on ("we see all things in God")
 Locke's doctrine of
 Berkeley on
 Hume's skeptical doctrine of
 Scottish doctrine of
 sensationalistic doctrine of, in France
 Leibnitz's theory of
 Kant on
 Fichte's Science of
 Schelling's philosophy of
 Baader on
 Schleiermacher's doctrine of
 Hegel on philosophical
 J.F. Fries's doctrine of
 Beneke on speculative
 Schopenhauer's doctrine of
 Comte's doctrine of
 Sir Wm. Hamilton's doctrine of
 J.S. Mill's doctrine of
 Spencer's doctrine of
 T.H. Green's doctrine of
 Feuerbach's doctrine of
 Lotze's doctrine of
 Hartmann's doctrine of
 the neo-Kantians on
 the German positivists on
 influence of recent science on the theory of
 Liebmann's doctrine of
 See also Agnosticism, Critique of Reason, Empiricism, Faith,
 Faith and Reason, Nominalism, Positivism, Rationalism and Empiricism,
 Relativity, Sensationalism, Skepticism
Knutzen, M.
Koch, A.
Koeber, R. von
Koegel, F.
König, E.
Koppelmann
Köstlin, Karl
Krause, A.
Krause, E.
Krause, F.
Krauth, C.P.
Krohn, A.
Kroman, K.
Krug, W.T.
Kuhn
Kuntze, J.E.
Kvacsala
Kym, A.L.

Laas, E.
Laban, F.
Labriola,
La Bruyère
Ladd, G.T.
Laffitte, P.
Lagrange
Lambert, J.H.
Lamennais, F. de
La Mettrie, J.O. de
La Mothe la Vayer
Land, J.P.N.
Lange, F.A.
Lange, J.J.
La Rochefoucauld
Lasson, A.
Lasswitz, K.
Last, E.
Lavater
Law (or Right)
 early philosophy of
 Montesquieu on
 Pufendorf on
 C. Thomasius on
 Kant's theory of legal right
 Fichte's theory of right
 Schelling's view of
 F. Krause's philosophy of right
 Hegel's philosophy of right
Lazarus, M.
Lechler
Leclair, A. von
Leibnitz, Friedrich (the father)
Leibnitz, G.W.
 position in modern thought
 and occasionalism
 system of
 and the Illumination (Wolff, Lessing)
 and Kant
 See also Descartes, Locke, Spinoza
Leonhardi, H.K. von
Leopold
Lessing, G.E.
 system of
Lewes, G.H.
Liard, L.
Liberatore, M.
Lichtenberg
Liebig
Liebmann, O.
Linde, A. van der
Lindemann
Lipps, T.
Lipsius, Justus
Lipsius, R.A.
Littré, E.
Locke, J.
 position in modern philosophy
 system of
 and Berkeley
 and Hume
 and the French Illumination (and Rousseau)
 and Leibnitz
 and Kant
 See also Bacon, Berkeley, Descartes, Empiricism, Kant
Lohmeyer
Lombroso, C.
Lossius
Lott, F.C.
Lotze, R.H.
 system of
Löwe, J.H.
Lubbock, J.
Lülmann, C.
Luther
Lutterbeck
Lyng, G.V.

Macaulay, T.B. Machiavelli, N. Mackie Mackintosh, J. Mahaffy, J.P. Maimon, S. Maimonides Mainländer, P. Mainzer, J. Maistre, J, de Malebranche, Nicolas system of Mamiani, T. Mandeville, Bernard de Mansel, H.L. Marcus Marheineke Mariana, Juan Mariano Marion, H. Marsh, James Marsilius of Padua Martin, B. Martineau, Harriet Martineau, James Martini, Jacob Masson, David Materialism in Hobbes Spinoza's tendency toward in the early associationalists in France in XVIII. century Kant on in Schopenhauer and Spencer's philosophy in Strauss of Feuerbach the controversy over, in Germany Lange on Mathematics the philosophical use of, advocated by Nicolas of Cusa by Kepler scientific use of, ignored by Bacon Hobbes's recognition of method of, adopted by Spinoza Kant on philosophy and Kant on science and applied to psychology by Herbart and by Fechner recent, and philosophy Maudsley, Henry Maupertuis Mayer, F. Mayer, R. McCosh, J. Mechanism in modern thought in modern physical science the central doctrine of Hobbes fundamental in Spinoza applied to mind by the associationalists of J.F. Fries of ideas in Herbart in Lotze in recent physical science See also Naturalism, Physical Science, Teleology Meier, G.F. Meiners Melancthon Mellin Melville, Andrew Mendelssohn Mersenne Merz, J.T. Metaphysics Bacon on of Descartes of Spinoza of Leibnitz the Wolffian division of Kant on Hegel on of Fortlage of Herbart Comte on of Fechner of Lotze of Hartmann recent German views on Meyer, J.B. Meyer, Ludwig Michelet, C.L. Michelis, Mill, James Mill, J.S. Milton, John Mind and Body Descartes on occasionalistic view of, in Geulincx Spinoza on Hartley and Priestley on Leibnitz on J.F. Fries on Modern Philosophy value of history of characteristics of relation to the church relation to nationality beginnings of bibliography of two main schools of future of Modes (of Substance) in Descartes in Spinoza in Locke Moleschott Monads Giordano Bruno's doctrine of Leibnitz's doctrine of Wolff's development of Leibnitz's doctrine of Monchamp, G. Monck, W.H.S. Monrad, M.J. Montaigne, M. de Montesquieu More, H. More, Thomas Moreau Morelly Morgan, C.L. Morgan, Thomas Moriz Morley, J. Morris, G.S. Morselli Mueller, W. Müller, F.A. Müller, G.E. Müller, H. Müller, Johannes Müller, Max Münsterberg, H. Münz, W.

Nahlowsky
Naigeon
Natge
Natorp, P.
Naturalism
 characteristic of modern philosophy
 See also Mechanism, Physical Science, Teleology
Nature, Philosophy of
 early Italian
 Schelling's
 among Schelling's followers
 Hegel's
 J.F. Fries's
 Herbart's
 See also Physical Science
Nedich
Nees von Esenbeck
Nemes, E.
Neo-Kantians
Nettleship, R.L.
Neudecker
Newton, Isaac
Nichol
Nicolai, F.
Nicolas of Cusa
Nicole
Nielsen, R.
Niethammer
Nietzsche, F.
Niphus
Nippold
Nizolius, Marius
Noack, L.
Noiré, L.
Nolen
Nominalism
 in Hobbes
 in Locke
 of Berkeley
 of Hume
Noumena
 See also Phenomena, Things in themselves
Novalis
Nyblaeus, A.

Occam Occasionalists Oischinger Oken, L. Oldendorp Ontological argument, the in Descartes in Spinoza in Leibnitz in Kant Opel, J.O. Opposites the unity of, in Nicolas of Cusa in Schelling the reconciliation and identity of, in Hegel Optimism in Voltaire of Leibnitz of Schleiermacher Opzoomer, C.W. Oratorians Oersted, H.C. Oswald, James Oettingen, A. von

Pabst, J.H.
Paley, W.
Pantheism
 of Nicolas of Cusa
 of Spinoza
 Malebranche's "Christian"
 in Toland
 Berkeley's tendency to
 of Holbach
 in Fichte
 in Schelling
 in Schleiermacher
 Fortlage's transcendent
 of Strauss
 the theistic school on
 See also Hegel, Panthelism
Panthelism
 of Fichte
 in Schelling
 of Schopenhauer
 See also Ethelism
Pappenheim
Paracelsus
Parker
Pascal, Blaise
Patritius, Franciscus
Paulsen, F.
Paulus
Pertz
Pessimism
 of Schopenhauer
 of Hartmann
Pesch
Pestalozzi, J.H.
Peters, K.
Pfleiderer, E.
Pfleiderer, O.
Phenomena
 and things in themselves in Kant
 and representation in Kant
 and things in themselves in Herbart
 in Schopenhauer
 in Lotze
 See also Noumena, Things in themselves
Physical Science
 concepts of modern
 Newton's development of
 its influence on philosophy in XIX century
Pico, Francis, of Mirandola
Pico, John, of Mirandola
Pierson
Pietsch, T.
Planck, A.
Planck, K.C.
Platner
Platonists
Pletho, G.G.
Plitt
Ploucquet
Plümacher, O.
Poiret, P.
Pollock, F.
Pomponatius, Petrus
Porter, N.
Positivism
 in Italy
 of Comte
 of Comte's followers
 in England
 in Sweden, Brazil, and Chili
 in Germany
Prantl
Prel, K. du
Price, Richard
Priestley, J.
Prowe, L.
Psychology
 the associational
 the sensationalistic
 of Leibnitz
 of Wolff
 of Tetens
 Kant on rational
 constructive
 the basis of philosophy in J.F. Fries
 and Beneke
 of Beneke
 of Fortlage
 of Herbart
 of Comte
 physiological
 folk-psychology

 of Spencer
 See also Ego, Mind and Body, Soul
Pufendorf, Samuel
Pünjer, B., works by

Quaebicker, R.
Qualities
 Primary and Secondary, so termed by Boyle
 Locke's doctrine of
 Kant's relation to
 Berkeley's co-ordination of
Quesnay

Rabus, L.
Ragnisco
Ramus (Pierre de la Ramée)
Rationalism and Empiricism
 in Locke
 in Leibnitz
 in Tschirnhausen
 in others of the German Illuminati
 in relation to Kant
Rauwenhoff
Ravaisson, F.
Realism
 of Herbart
 the "transfigured," of Spencer
 the "transcendental realism" of Hartmann
Rée, P.
Regius
Regulative and constitutive principles, in Kant
Rehmke, J.
Rehnisch
Reichlin-Meldegg, K.A. von
Reicke, R
Reid, Thomas
Reiff, J.F.
Reimarus
Reinhold, E.
Reinhold, K.L.
Relativity of Knowledge
 in Comte
 of Sir Wm. Hamilton
 of Mansel
 of Spencer
Religion
 Bacon's view of
 Hobbes on
 Lord Herbert's doctrine of natural
 Pascal on
 deistic view of
 Hume on
 Voltaire on
 Holbach on
 Rousseau's view of
 Leibnitz on
 Reimarus on
 Lessing's developmental theory of
 Kant on
 Fichte on
 Schelling on
 Schleiermacher's philosophy of
 Hegel's philosophy of
 Beneke on
 Herbart's doctrine of
 Schopenhauer's doctrine of
 Comte's religion of humanity
 Spencer's view of
 Hegel's followers on
 Strauss on
 Feuerbach's doctrine of
 Hartmann's philosophy of
 See also Deism, Faith, Faith and Reason, God, Theology
Rémusat, C. de
Renan, E.
Renery
Renouvier, C.
Reuchlin, H.
Reuchlin, J.
Reuter, H.
Reynaud, J.
Ribbing, S.
Ribot, Th.
Riedel, O.
Riehl, A.
Riemann
Riezler, S.
Right, see Law
Rio, J.S. del
Ritschl, A.
Ritter, H.
Rixner
Robertson, G.C.
Robinet
Robinet, J.B.
Rocholl
Roeder
Rohmer, F.
Romagnosi, G.
Romanes, G.J.
Romanticists, the
Romundt, H.
Roscher
Röse, F.
Rosenkrantz, W.
Rosenkranz, K.
Rosmini, A.
Rothe, R.
Rousseau, J.J.
 system of
Royce, J.
Rüdiger
Ruge, A.
Ruge, S.
Ruysbroek

Sahlin St. Martin, L.C. Saint Simon, H. de Saisset, E. Sanchez, Francis Schaarschmidt, C. Schäffle, E.F. Schaller Schärer, E. Schasler, M. Scheffler Scheibler Schelling, F.W.J. (von) system of immediate followers of and Hegel See also J.G. Fichte, Hegel, Kant, Spinoza Schelver Schematism, Kant's Schiller Schindler, C. Schlegel, F. Schleicher, A. Schleiden Schleiermacher, F.D.E. system of Schmid, E. Schmid, Leopold Schmidkunz, H. Schmid-Schwarzenberg Schmidt, K. Schmidt, L. Schmidt, O. Schneider, C.M. Schneider, G. Schneider, G.H. Schneider, O. Schoenlank Schopenhauer, A. and Kant system of followers of Schoppe (Scioppius) Schubert, F.W. Schubert, G.H. Schubert-Soldern, R. von Schuller, H. Schultze, Fritz Schulz, J. Schulze, G.E. (Aenesidemus-Schulze) Schuppe, W. Schurman, J.G. Schütz Schwarz, H. Schwarz, G.E. Schwegler, A. Schwenckfeld Scottish School, the Selby-Bigge Semi-Hegelians, the Semi-Kantians, the Semler Sengler, J. Sennert, D. Sensation a source of knowledge in Locke and in Hume the sole source of knowledge in Condillac Leibnitz's view of See also Rationalism and Empiricism, Sensationalism Sensationalism in Hobbes in modern thought in general of Locke of Condillac of Bonnet of Helvetius of La Mettrie of Holbach in Italy of Feuerbach of the German positivists See also Empiricism, Experience, Sensation Sergi, G. Seth, A. Seydel, R. Seyfarth Shaftesbury Sherlock, T. Sibbern, F.C. Siber Siciliani, P. Sidgwick, H. Sidney, Algernon Siebeck Sigwart, Chr. von Sigwart, Chr. W. Silesius Sime, J. Simmel, G. Simon, J. Skepticism, in Montaigne in Charron in F. Sanchez in Bayle of Hume of Diderot, of D'Alembert the anti-Critical, of Schulze the Critical, of Maimon Smith, Adam Snell, K. Social Contract, the theory of, in Hobbes Hume on in Rousseau Kant on Solger, K.F. Sommer, H. Sommer, R. Soul, the, thought the essence of, in Descartes a congeries of ideas in Spinoza thought the essence of, in Malebranche, thought merely an activity of, in Locke a sum of inner states in Hume Leibnitz's monadological view of Kant on Herbart on See also Ego, Immortality, Mind and Body Space (and Time), Hobbes on in Leibnitz in Kant in Herbart in Schopenhauer in Spencer in Lotze Spaventa Spedding Spencer, H. system of Spicker, G. Spinoza, B. de position in modern philosophy and Descartes system of and Leibnitz and Schelling See also Descartes Spirit, Schilling's philosophy of Hegel's phenomenology of his doctrine of subjective of objective of absolute recent German philosophy of Spitta, H. Stadler, A. Stahl, F.J. Starcke, C.N. State, the, early theories of Hobbes on Spinoza on Locke on Montesquieu on Rousseau's theory of Kant's view of Fichte on Schelling on Hegel on Spencer on See also Social Contract Staudinger, F. Steckelmacher, M. Steffens, H. Steffensen, K. Steinbart Stein, H. von Stein, L. Steinthal Stephen, Leslie Stern, A. Stewart, Dugald Stirling, J.H. Stirner, Max (pseudonym, cf. K. Schmidt) Stoeckl, A. Stöhr, A. Stout, G.F. Strauss, D.F. Strümpell, L. Stumpf, C. Stumpf, T. Sturm, Christoph Stutzmann Suabedissen Suarez, Francis Substance Descartes on Spinoza on Locke on Berkeley on (material) Hume's skeptical analysis of Leibnitz's doctrine of Kant on Schopenhauer on Hartmann on Sufficient Reason, the Principle of in Leibnitz in Schopenhauer Sully, James Sulzer Susemihl Suso

Taine, H.
Tappan, H.P.
Taubert, A.
Tauler
Taurellus
Taute
Teichmüller
Teleological Argument, the
 in Boyle
 Hume on
 Reimarus on
 Leibnitz on
 Kant on
 Herbart on
Teleology
 minimized by modern thought
 rejected by modern physics
 in Boyle
 Bacon on
 Hobbes's denial of
 Descartes on
 Spinoza's denial of
 Newton on
 Leibnitz on
 Kant on
 in Fichte
 Schelling on
 in Hegel
 in Trendelenburg
 in Hartmann
 See also Mechanism, Naturalism, Sufficient Reason, Teleological
 Argument
Telesius
Temple, Sir William
Testa
Tetens, J.N.
Thaulow
Theology
 relation of, to philosophy in Taurellus
 in Campanella
 and science in Bacon
 in Leibnitz
 Lessing's speculative

 Kant's view of
 Schelling on
 Schleiermacher's view of
 Comte on the theological stage of thought
 Strauss on
 Feuerbach on
 See also Deism, Faith, Faith and Reason, God, Religion
Thiele, G.
Things in themselves
 in Kant's critics and immediate successors
 in Fichte
 Liebmann on
 See also Phenomena, Noumena
Thomas à Kempis
Thilo
Thomasius, Christian
Thomasius, Jacob (Father of Christian)
Thomson, W.
Thorild, T.
Thümmig
Tieck
Tiedemann
Tillotson, J.
Time, Kant on objective determinations of
 See also Space and Time
Tindal, Matthew
Toland, John
Tönnies, F.
Torrey, H.A.P.
Toscanelli
Tracy, Destutt de
Trahndorff
Transcendental and Transcendent, meaning of, in Kant
Trendelenburg, A.
Treschow, N.
Tschirnhausen
Turgot
Twardowski, K.

Ueberhorst Ueberweg, F. Uebinger, J. Ulrici, H. Unconditioned, the in Kant in Sir Wm. Hamilton in Mansel in Spencer See also the Absolute Unconscious, the, Hartmann's philosophy of Uphues, G.K.

Vacherot, E.
Vaihinger, H.
Valla, L.
Vanini
Vatke, W.
Veitch, J.
Venetianer, M.
Venn, J.
Vera
Vico
Villers
Virchow, R.
Vischer, F.T.
Vives
Vloten, J. van
Voëtius
Vogel
Vogt, Karl
Volkelt, J.
 works by
 position of
Volkmann von Volkmar
Volney (Chasseboeuf)
Voltaire
Vorländer, F.

Waddington
Wagner, J.J.
Wagner, Richard
Wagner, Rudolph
Waitz, Theodor
Wallace, A.R.
Wallace, William
Wallaschek, R.
Walter, J.
Warburton, W.
Ward, J.
Watson, John
Weber, E.H.
Weber, Theodor
Weigel, E.
Weigel, Valentin
Weiss, Bruno
Weisse, C.H.
Weissenborn
Werner, K.
Weston, S. Burns
Weygoldt
Whately, Richard
Whedon, D.D.
Whewell, W.
Whiston, W.
Wildauer, T.
Willmann, O.
Windelband, W.
Winkler, B.
Witte, J.H.
Wohlrabe
Wolff, Christian
 system of
 and Kant
Wollaston, William
Woolston, T.
Wundt, W.
Wyck, Van der
Wyttenbach, D.

Zabarella
Zart, G.
Zeising, A.
Zeller, E.
 works of
 position of
Ziegler, T.
Ziller, T.
Zimmer, F.
Zimmermann, R.
Zimmern, Helen
Zöllner