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[32]Close binspamdupenotthebestofftopicslownewsdaystalestupid freshfunnyinsightfulinterestingmaybe offtopicflamebaittrollredundantoverrated insightfulinterestinginformativefunnyunderrated descriptive typodupeerror [33]Sign up for the Slashdot newsletter! OR [34]check out the new Slashdot job board to browse remote jobs or jobs in your area Do you develop on GitHub? You can keep using GitHub but automatically [35]sync your GitHub releases to SourceForge quickly and easily with [36]this tool so your projects have a backup location, and get your project in front of SourceForge's nearly 30 million monthly users. It takes less than a minute. Get new users downloading your project releases today! [37]× 172575013 story [38]Earth [39]CNN Shares Hopeful Signs for Our Fight Against Climate Change [40](cnn.com) Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday December 24, 2023 @07:34AM from the spreading-sunshine dept. With everyone worrying about climate change, CNN shares [41]a list of reasons to feel positive: The year 2023 is on track to see the biggest increase in renewable energy capacity to date, according to the [42]International Energy Agency. China, the world's biggest climate polluter, has made [43]lightning advances in renewables, with the country set to shatter its wind and solar target five years early. A report published in June found that China's solar capacity is now greater than the rest of the world's nations combined, in a surge described by the report's author, Global Energy Monitor, as "jaw-dropping...." The popularity of electric vehicles has [44]surged this year, with American sales at an all-time high. People in China and Europe are snapping up EVs in large numbers as well... Americans purchased 1 million fully electric vehicles in 2023, an annual record, according to a report from Bloomberg New Energy Finance. Electric vehicles accounted for about 8% of all new vehicles sales in the US during the first half of 2023, according to the report. In China, EVs accounted for 19% of all vehicle sales, and worldwide, they made up 15% of new passenger vehicle sales. EV sales in Europe were up 47% in the first nine months of 2023, according to data from the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (EAMA) Other positive developments from the article: * "For more than six days straight, between October 31 to November 6, the nation of more than 10 million people relied solely on renewable energy sources — setting an exciting example for the rest of the world." * "Deforestation in Brazil fell by 22.3% in the 12 months through July, according to data from the national government, as President Luiz Ignácio Lula da Silva started to make progress on his pledge to rein in the rampant forest destruction that occurred under his predecessor..." * "The Earth's ozone layer is on track to recover completely within decades, a UN-backed panel of experts announced in January, as ozone-depleting chemicals are phased out across the world." apply tags__________ 172578171 story [45]Google [46]Remembering 'The Tech That Died in 2023' [47](pcmag.com) [48]30 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday December 24, 2023 @03:34AM from the should-auld-acquaintance-be-forgot dept. "10 years later, the [49]demise of Google Reader still stings," [50]writes PC Magazine. But "Time marches on and corporate priorities shift. Here are the products and services that took a final bow in 2023..." Some of the highlights? 'Clubhouse' Clones In the early days of the pandemic, when Zoom happy hours and sourdough starters proliferated, Clubhouse burst onto the scene with an app that facilitated audio-only chats between groups large and small. Tech giants quickly churned out their own Clubhouse clones, but these party-line throwbacks were not long for this world. Facebook was the first to go, ditching its Live Audio Rooms in December 2022, but 2023 also saw the end of Reddit Talk, Spotify Live, and [51]Amazon's live radio DJ Amp app. [X Spaces is still around] Amazon Smile Launched in 2013, AmazonSmile saw Amazon donate 0.5% of the price of eligible purchases made through smile.amazon.com to charity, with consumers able to choose from over a million charitable organizations to support. On Feb. 20, however, the [52]program shut down because it "has not grown to create the impact that we had originally hoped," Amazon said at the time. NFTs on Facebook and Instagram Remember non-fungible tokens (NFTs)? Somehow, crypto bros convinced people to spend big bucks on what are essentially JPEGs. (Don't try to convince me [53]otherwise.) Meta got in on the action in 2022, allowing [54]Instagram users to create NFTs and [55]Facebook users to share them. It didn't exactly set either social network on fire and Meta said in March it would be "[56]winding down digital collectibles." Cortana on Windows In June, AI claimed its latest victim by coming after Microsoft's Cortana. The voice assistant never really made a splash compared to Amazon's Alexa or Apple's Siri, and with the launch of Bing Chat (now Copilot), Microsoft [57]removed Cortana as a built-in app on Windows. Also on the list are [58]Blizzard's Overwatch League, third-party [59]Reddit clients, and [60]Venmo as a payment option on Amazon (effective this January 10). Looking further into the future, Gmail's Basic HTML View [61]disappears in 2024, while Wordpad will eventually be [62]removed in an unspecified future release of Windows. apply tags__________ 172575671 story [63]United States [64]US Water Utilities Hacked After Default Passwords Set to '1111', Cybersecurity Officials Say [65](fastcompany.com) [66]35 Posted by EditorDavid on Saturday December 23, 2023 @11:34PM from the water-work dept. An anonymous reader shared [67]this report from Fast Company: Providers of critical infrastructure in the United States are doing a sloppy job of defending against cyber intrusions, the National Security Council tells Fast Company, pointing to recent [68]Iran-linked attacks on U.S. water utilities that exploited basic security lapses [earlier this month]. The security council tells Fast Company it's also aware of recent intrusions by hackers linked to China's military at American infrastructure entities that include water and energy utilities in multiple states. Neither the Iran-linked or China-linked attacks affected critical systems or caused disruptions, according to reports. "We're seeing companies and critical services facing increased cyber threats from malicious criminals and countries," Anne Neuberger, the deputy national security advisor for cyber and emerging tech, tells Fast Company. The White House had been urging infrastructure providers to upgrade their cyber defenses before these recent hacks, but "clearly, by the most recent success of the criminal cyberattacks, more work needs to be done," she says... The [69]attacks hit at least 11 different entities using Unitronics devices across the United States, which included six local water facilities, a pharmacy, an aquatics center, and a brewery... Some of the compromised devices had been connected to the open internet with a default password of "1111," federal authorities say, making it easy for hackers to find them and gain access. Fixing that "doesn't cost any money," Neuberger says, "and those are the kinds of basic things that we really want companies urgently to do." But cybersecurity experts say these attacks point to a larger issue: the general vulnerability of the technology that powers physical infrastructure. Much of the hardware was developed before the internet and, though they were retrofitted with digital capabilities, still "have insufficient security controls," says Gary Perkins, chief information security officer at cybersecurity firm CISO Global. Additionally, many infrastructure facilities prioritize "operational ease of use rather than security," since many vendors often need to access the same equipment, says Andy Thompson, an offensive cybersecurity expert at CyberArk. But that can make the systems equally easy for attackers to exploit: freely available web tools allow anyone to generate lists of hardware connected to the public internet, like the Unitronics devices used by water companies. "Not making critical infrastructure easily accessible via the internet should be standard practice," Thompson says. apply tags__________ 172575977 story [70]Android [71]Beeper's iMessage Connection Software Open Sourced. What Happens Next? [72](cnet.com) [73]43 Posted by EditorDavid on Saturday December 23, 2023 @09:34PM from the on-beyond-Beeper dept. "The iMessage connection software that powers Beeper Mini and Beeper Cloud is now [74]100% open source," Beeper announced [75]late this week. " Anyone who wants can use it or continue development." But while Beeper [76]says it's done trying to bring iMessage to Android, CNET reports that the whole battle was "deeply tied" to Apple's ongoing strategy to control the mobile market: The tide seems to be changing, however: Apple said last month it would be [77]opening up its Messages app (likely due to [78]European regulation) to work with the newer, more feature-rich texting protocol called RCS. This hopefully will lead to a more modern and secure messaging experience when texting between an iPhone and an Android phone, and lead away from the aging SMS and MMS standards. Unfortunately, [79]green bubbles will continue to persist even if there might be little to no functional difference. While third-party apps like Nothing Chats attempted and [80]ultimately failed to bring iMessage to Android, [81]Apple will likely never release the app on Google's mobile operating system. Until RCS is fully adopted, companies are creating services to allow access to iMessage via Android phones. Apple, for its part, has been quick to block apps like Beeper Mini, citing security concerns. This, however, is raising eyebrows from lawmakers regarding competition in the messaging space and Apple's tight control over the market... Beeper in a [82]December 21 blog post told users to [83]grab a jailbroken iPhone and install a [84]free Beeper tool that'll generate iMessage registration codes to keep the service operational. It's such a roundabout and potentially expensive way of trying to get iMessage on Android that it likely won't be worth it for most people. For those not willing to go out and jailbreak an iPhone, Beeper said in a [85]now-deleted blog post that it would allow people to rent a jailbroken unit for a small monthly fee starting next year. apply tags__________ 172574383 story [86]Social Networks [87]As Reddit CEO Defends Their Controversial API Decision, It Dominates Reddit's Own 'Recaps' [88](fastcompany.com) [89]34 Posted by EditorDavid on Saturday December 23, 2023 @06:34PM from the yesterday's-Snoos dept. "Reddit CEO Steve Huffman says that he stands by the company's decision to charge for API access," writes [90]the blog 9to5Mac, "despite the fact that it was massively unpopular, and led to the [91]demise of the leading Reddit app, Apollo." In [92]an interview with FastCo, Huffman is unrepentant about the API decision, but says it could have been better communicated... "[H]e defended the company's decision to limit free access to its API as a necessary measure to foil AI-training freeloaders. 'Reddit is an open platform, and we love that,' he told me. 'At the same time, we have been taken advantage of by some of the largest companies in the world.'" The incident ended up reappearing in Reddit's own "recap" pages showing highlights from its popular subreddits. For its Technology subreddit, the [93]official recap shows that two most popular posts were "Apollo for Reddit is shutting down" and "Reddit sparks outrage after a popular app developer said it wants him to pay $20 million a year for data access." And Reddit's official recap also shows that discussion leading to the second-most popular comment of the entire year for the subreddit. "Users supply all the content, and reddit turns around with this huge fuck you to its users, without whom it's just another crappy link aggregator. No, reddit, fuck you and your money grab." The first most-popular comment appeared in a related discussion, headlined "Reddit Threatens to Remove Moderators From Subreddits Continuing Apollo-Related Blackouts." The comment? Reddit: You're fired! Moderator: I don't even work here. The topic also dominated [94]the official recap for the Programming subreddit, where it was the subject of all three of the top comments — and all three of the year's top posts: Ironically, FastCo headlined its interview "As the AI era begins, Reddit is leaning into its humanity." ("Rebellious moderators. Large language models' peril and promise. Maybe a long-awaited IPO. Amid it all, Reddit CEO Steve Huffman says the web megacommunity is on a roll.") Other work has addressed concerns that bubbled to the surface during the moderator dust-up, such as [95]accessibility issues: "I told the team, 'Just show up and ship,'" Huffman says. The official Reddit apps are finally compatible with screen readers used by users with vision impairments, with full compliance with the [96]World Wide Web Consortium's accessibility guidelines planned by the end of 2024. As for AI's potential to transform the Reddit experience, Huffman is less prone to exuberant overpromising than the average tech company CEO. But the same attributes that led third-party assemblers of large language models to crave access to the company's corpus of information could help it leverage the technology to its own benefit... Rather than involving the most obvious AI functionality, like a Reddit chatbot, the examples he provides relate to moderation of problem content. For instance, the latitude that individual moderators have to govern their communities means that they can set rules that Huffman describes as "sometimes strict and sometimes esoteric." Newbies may run afoul of them by accident and have their posts yanked just as they're trying to join the conversation. In response, Reddit is currently prototyping an AI-powered feature called "post guidance." It'll flag rule-violating material before it's ever published: "The new user gets feedback, and the mod doesn't have to deal with it," says Huffman. He adds that Reddit will also use AI to crack down on willful bad behavior, such as bullying and hate speech, and that he expects progress on that front in 2024... Members already engage in acts of commerce such as [97]tipping Photoshop wizards to remove ex-boyfriends from images; he says the company plans to facilitate these transactions with a payment system "that will basically involve users sending money to users, whether it's rewarding them for content or paying for digital services or digital goods or [physical] services." "People are trying to start businesses on Reddit, but it wasn't really built for that," he adds. "So just trying to flesh out that ecosystem, I think that'll be very powerful." apply tags__________ 172574881 story [98]Encryption [99]The Race to Shield Secrets from Quantum Computers [100](reuters.com) [101]50 Posted by EditorDavid on Saturday December 23, 2023 @05:34PM from the countdown-to-Q-Day dept. An anonymous reader [102]shared this report from Reuters: In February, a Canadian cybersecurity firm delivered an ominous forecast to the U.S. Department of Defense. America's secrets — actually, everybody's secrets — are now at risk of exposure, warned the team from Quantum Defen5e (QD5). QD5's executive vice president, Tilo Kunz, told officials from the Defense Information Systems Agency that possibly as soon as 2025, the world would arrive at what has been dubbed "Q-day," the day when quantum computers make current encryption methods useless. Machines vastly more powerful than today's fastest supercomputers would be capable of cracking the codes that protect virtually all modern communication, he told the agency, which is tasked with safeguarding the U.S. military's communications. In the meantime, Kunz told the panel, a global effort to plunder data is underway so that intercepted messages can be decoded after Q-day in what he described as "harvest now, decrypt later" attacks, according to a recording of the session the agency later made public. Militaries would see their long-term plans and intelligence gathering exposed to enemies. Businesses could have their intellectual property swiped. People's health records would be laid bare... One challenge for the keepers of digital secrets is that whenever Q-day comes, quantum codebreakers are unlikely to announce their breakthrough. Instead, they're likely to keep quiet, so they can exploit the advantage as long as possible. The article adds that "a scramble is on to protect critical data. Washington and its allies are working on new encryption standards known as post-quantum cryptography... Beijing is trying to pioneer quantum communications networks, a technology theoretically impossible to hack, according to researchers... "In a quantum communications network, users exchange a secret key or code on subatomic particles called photons, allowing them to encrypt and decrypt data. This is called quantum key distribution, or QKD." apply tags__________ 172575181 story [103]Christmas Cheer [104]'Star Wars Holiday Special' Upscaled To 4K 60fps [105](youtube.com) [106]44 Posted by EditorDavid on Saturday December 23, 2023 @04:34PM from the happy-Life-Day dept. "Millions of Star Wars fans get nostalgia pangs during the holiday season," reports [107]the Washington Post, "when they are accustomed to seeing broadcasts of their beloved movies.... FX, now owned by Disney, has multiple Star Wars marathons on tap this month, including a marathon on December 23 and 24." The program-planning director at Disney's Freedom channel even calls Star Wars a "Christmas-adjacent" franchise. And now, long-time Slashdot reader [108]H_Fisher writes... Call it a [109]Life Day miracle, even if nobody was asking for it. YouTube historian and retro-tech enthusiast [110]Perifractic uploaded a restored, mostly-complete 4K upscale of the "infamous" [111]Star Wars Holiday Special to his channel on Wednesday. From [112]the video summary: "Using Topaz Labs [Video AI] with a few other techniques we've meticulously upscaled & restored the infamous Star Wars Holiday Special to 5120x3840, with stereo elements, to the best quality the technology currently allows." Jokingly labeling the resulting file "5K" (8K video height, but tagged "4K" by YouTube due to its original 4:3 aspect ratio), the upscaled version unfortunately (or fortunately, depending on your point of view) replaces some songs and omits some segments that were flagged by YouTube's copyright watchdog. apply tags__________ 172574549 story [113]Science [114]Why the Dinosaurs Died [115](cnn.com) [116]34 Posted by EditorDavid on Saturday December 23, 2023 @03:34PM from the lost-worlds dept. "The age of the dinosaurs ended 66 million years ago when a city-size asteroid struck a shallow sea off the coast of what is now Mexico," [117]writes CNN. "But exactly how the mass extinction of 75% of the species on Earth unfolded in the years that followed the cataclysmic impact has remained unclear." Previous research suggested that sulfur released during the impact, which left the 112-mile-wide (180-kilometer-wide) Chicxulub crater, and soot from wildfires triggered a global winter, and temperatures plunged. However, a [118]new study published Monday in the journal Nature Geoscience suggests that fine dust made from pulverized rock thrown up into Earth's atmosphere in the wake of the impact likely played a greater role. This dust blocked the sun to an extent that plants were unable to photosynthesize, a biological process critical for life, for almost two years afterward. "Photosynthesis shutting down for almost two years after impact caused severe challenges (for life)," said lead study author and planetary scientist Cem Berk Senel, a postdoctoral researcher at the Royal Observatory of Belgium. "It collapsed the food web, creating a chain reaction of extinctions." To reach their findings, scientists developed a new computer model to simulate the global climate after the asteroid strike. The model was based on published information on Earth's climate at that point in time, as well as new data from sediment samples taken from the [119]Tanis fossil site in North Dakota that captured a 20-year period during the aftermath of the strike. apply tags__________ 172567483 story [120]Classic Games (Games) [121]Official Probe Finds Hans Niemann Didn't Cheat Against Magnus Carlsen [122](cnn.com) [123]43 Posted by EditorDavid on Saturday December 23, 2023 @02:34PM from the checked-mate dept. 15 months ago U.S. grandmaster Hans Niemannn was [124]accused of cheating in a tournament after beating Magnus Carlsen (five-time world chess champion). Last week a [125]report was finally issued by the world governing body of chess, CNN reports: FIDE's report said that analysis from professor Kenneth Regan — a computer chess cheating expert — showed "instances of cheating" by Niemann in around 32-55 games on the online chess platform; far less than [126]the 100 suggested by Chess.com. According to the FIDE report, Regan also found "discrepancies" in Niemann's statement that he had only cheated between the ages of 12 and 16. However, the games of 2017 and the games against Bok in August of 2020 occurred after he turned 17 in June. Another important discrepancy is that the cheating took place in rated online games," said the FIDE report. The report also said there was no "statistical evidence to support GM Niemann cheating in over the-board games" in an analysis of 13 tournaments over the past three years. "Additionally, it was determined that GM NiemannÂs overall results in the Sinquefield Cup showed no statistical basis for cheating," the report said. "GM Niemann's performance through the years is characterized by peaks and troughs, consistent with his expected level of play," according to the FIDE report. FIDE's Ethics and Disciplinary Commission (EDC) said in the report that it concluded the case was "an in-between situation," one "where a complaint can be well-founded without the suspected person not found guilty of cheating.... The EDC also found that Carlsen was not guilty on three charges — reckless or manifestly unfounded accusation of chess cheating, disparagement of FIDE's reputation and Interest, and attempt to undermine honor. However, the EDC did find Carlsen guilty of withdrawing from the 2022 Sinquefield Cup "without valid reason." He was fined €10,000 ($10,800) as a result. Meanwhile, Forbes reports that the world Rapid Chess Championship [127]begins Monday in Uzbekistan and runs through December 31. "Norwegian chess legend Magnus Carlsen will compete." apply tags__________ 172564695 story [128]Earth [129]Bill Gates Predicts 'Supercharged' AI Innovation on Climate, Healthcare Issues [130](gatesnotes.com) [131]36 Posted by EditorDavid on Saturday December 23, 2023 @01:34PM from the road-ahead dept. "I'm optimistic about the world's climate progress," Bill Gates wrote this week — but [132]he also explained why. "In 2024 and beyond, I predict we will see lots of new innovations coming into the marketplace — even in very complicated areas like nuclear. The climate crisis can feel overwhelming, but I find it easier to stay optimistic when you focus on all the progress we're making. If the world continues to prioritize funding innovation, I'm hopeful we can make good progress on our climate goals." And elsewhere Gates writes that "AI is about to supercharge the innovation pipeline." My work has always been rooted in a core idea: Innovation is the key to progress. It's why I started Microsoft, and it's why Melinda and I started the Gates Foundation more than two decades ago. Innovation is the reason our lives have improved so much over the last century. From electricity and cars to medicine and planes, innovation has made the world better. Today, we are far more productive because of the IT revolution. The most successful economies are driven by innovative industries that evolve to meet the needs of a changing world. My favorite innovation story, though, starts with one of my favorite statistics: Since 2000, the world has cut in half the number of children who die before the age of five. How did we do it? One key reason was innovation. Scientists came up with new ways to make vaccines that were faster and cheaper but just as safe. They developed new delivery mechanisms that worked in the world's most remote places, which made it possible to reach more kids. And they created new vaccines that protect children from deadly diseases like rotavirus. In a world with limited resources, you have to find ways to maximize impact. Innovation is the key to getting the most out of every dollar spent. And artificial intelligence is about to accelerate the rate of new discoveries at a pace we've never seen before. One of the biggest impacts so far is on creating new medicines. Drug discovery requires combing through massive amounts of data, and AI tools can speed up that process significantly. Some companies are already working on cancer drugs developed this way. But a key priority of the Gates Foundation in AI is ensuring these tools also address health issues that disproportionately affect the world's poorest, like AIDS, TB, and malaria. We're taking a hard look at the wide array of AI innovation in the pipeline right now and working with our partners to use these technologies to improve lives in low- and middle-income countries... I feel like a kid on Christmas morning when I think about how AI can be used to get game-changing technologies out to the people who need them faster than ever before. This is something I am going to spend a lot of time thinking about next year. Gates notes that researchers are already exploring questions like "Can AI combat antibiotic resistance?" apply tags__________ 172566709 story [133]Earth [134]Livestock Surprise Scientists with Their Complex, Emotional Minds [135](science.org) [136]57 Posted by EditorDavid on Saturday December 23, 2023 @12:34PM from the don't-have-a-cow-man dept. Slashdot reader [137]sciencehabit writes: If you've ever seen a cow staring vacantly across a field, or a pig rolling around in its own filth, you might not think there's a lot going on in their head. You wouldn't be alone. People haven't given much credence to the intelligence of farm animals, and neither have scientists. [138]But that's starting to change. A growing field of research is showing that—when it comes to the minds of goats, cows, and other livestock—we may have been missing something big. Studies published over the past few years have shown that pigs show signs of empathy, goats rival dogs in some tests of social intelligence, and cows can be potty trained. Much of this work is being carried out at the Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN) in Dummerstorf, Germany, one of the world's leading centers for investigating the minds of creatures that often end up on our dinner plate. From cows making friends to goats exhibiting signs of altruism, farm animals are upending popular—and scientific—conceptions of what's going on in their minds. The work may not just rewrite our thinking about livestock, it might also change how we treat them. As Jan Langbein, an applied ethologist at FBN told says, 'If we don't understand how these animals think, then we won't understand what they need. And if we don't understand what they need, we can't design better environments for them.' apply tags__________ 172565817 story [139]Math [140]World Modelling and 'The Personal, Political Art of Board-Game Design' [141](newyorker.com) [142]9 Posted by EditorDavid on Saturday December 23, 2023 @11:34AM from the unsettlers-of-Catan dept. The New Yorker looks at 41-year-old Amabel Holland, an autistic board-game designer who "[143]thinks about the world in terms of systems," and realized you could make a board game about almost anything, "and, when you did, its rules could both mirror and analyze the subject on which it was based." They've since designed more than 60 games, and the article notes that Holland's work, "which is part of a larger turn toward complexity in the industry, often tackles historical and social subjects — death, religion, misinformation — using surprising 'mechanics,' or building blocks of game play, to immerse players in an experience." "With every game, you build a certain model of the world," Reiner Knizia, a former mathematician who's designed more than eight hundred games, told me. Several of his games illustrate market forces: in Modern Art, for instance, you play as auctioneers and buyers, hoping to buy low and sell high. Knizia is a traditional game designer inasmuch as he aims to "bring enjoyment to the people." But Amabel sometimes aims for the opposite of enjoyment... This Guilty Land, from 2018, is about the struggle to end slavery." Holland says their games are "meant to evoke frustration" — specifically to communicate how difficult it can be to actually achieve political progress. Thanks to Slashdot reader [144]silverjacket for sharing the article. apply tags__________ 172566413 story [145]Education [146]Are Phones Making the World's Students Dumber? [147](msn.com) [148]103 Posted by EditorDavid on Saturday December 23, 2023 @10:34AM from the at-least-the-phones-are-smart dept. Long-time Slashdot reader [149]schwit1 shared [150]this article from the Atlantic: For the past few years, parents, researchers, and the news media have paid closer attention to the relationship between teenagers' phone use and their mental health. Researchers such as Jonathan Haidt and Jean Twenge have shown that various measures of student well-being began a sharp decline around 2012 throughout the West, just as smartphones and social media emerged as the attentional centerpiece of teenage life. Some have even suggested that smartphone use is so corrosive, it's systematically reducing student achievement. I hadn't quite believed that last argument — until now. The Program for International Student Assessment, conducted by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development in almost 80 countries every three years, tests 15-year-olds est scores have been falling for years — even before the pandemic. Across the OECD, science scores peaked in 2009, and reading scores peaked in 2012. Since then, developed countries have as a whole performed "increasingly poorly" on average. "No single country showed an increasingly positive trend in any subject," PISA reported, and "many countries showed increasingly poor performance in at least one subject." Even in famously high-performing countries, such as Finland, Sweden, and South Korea, PISA grades in one or several subjects have been declining for a while. So what's driving down student scores around the world? The [151]PISA report offers three reasons to suspect that phones are a major culprit. First, PISA finds that students who spend less than one hour of "leisure" time on digital devices a day at school scored about 50 points higher in math than students whose eyes are glued to their screens more than five hours a day. This gap held even after adjusting for socioeconomic factors... Second, screens seem to create [152]a general distraction throughout school, even for students who aren't always looking at them.... Finally, nearly half of students across the OECD said that they felt "nervous" or "anxious" when they didn't have their digital devices near them. (On average, these students also said they were less satisfied with life.) This phone anxiety was negatively correlated with math scores. In sum, students who spend more time staring at their phone do worse in school, distract other students around them, and feel worse about their life. apply tags__________ 172564277 story [153]AI [154]AI Companies Would Be Required To Disclose Copyrighted Training Data Under New Bill [155](theverge.com) [156]36 Posted by [157]BeauHD on Saturday December 23, 2023 @08:00AM from the behind-the-scenes dept. An anonymous reader quotes a report from The Verge: Two lawmakers filed a bill [158]requiring creators of foundation models to disclose sources of training data so copyright holders know their information was taken. The [159]AI Foundation Model Transparency Act -- filed by [160]Reps. Anna Eshoo (D-CA) and Don Beyer (D-VA) -- would direct the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to work with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to establish rules for reporting training data transparency. Companies that make foundation models will be required to report sources of training data and how the data is retained during the inference process, describe the limitations or risks of the model, how the model aligns with NIST's planned AI Risk Management Framework and any other federal standards might be established, and provide information on the computational power used to train and run the model. The bill also says AI developers must report efforts to "red team" the model to prevent it from providing "inaccurate or harmful information" around medical or health-related questions, biological synthesis, cybersecurity, elections, policing, financial loan decisions, education, employment decisions, public services, and vulnerable populations such as children. The bill calls out the importance of training data transparency around copyright as several lawsuits have come out against AI companies alleging copyright infringement. It specifically mentions the [161]case of artists against Stability AI, Midjourney, and Deviant Art, (which was [162]largely dismissed in October, according to [163]VentureBeat), and Getty Images' complaint against Stability AI. The bill still needs to be assigned to a committee and discussed, and it's unclear if that will happen before the busy election campaign season starts. Eshoo and Beyer's bill complements the [164]Biden administration's AI executive order, which helps establish reporting standards for AI models. The executive order, however, is not law, so if the AI Foundation Model Transparency Act passes, it will make transparency requirements for training data a federal rule. apply tags__________ 172564249 story [165]Medicine [166]Vibrating Pill May Give Dieters a Feeling of Fullness, Study Suggests [167](theguardian.com) [168]54 Posted by [169]BeauHD on Saturday December 23, 2023 @05:00AM from the what-could-possibly-go-wrong dept. Scientists have developed a vibrating pill that, when swallowed before eating, [170]can create a feeling of fullness. The Guardian reports: The research, which has yet to be carried out in humans, shows that after 30 minutes of activity by the Vibes pill, pigs ate on average almost 40% less food in the following half hour than they did without the device, and gained weight more slowly. The Vibes name is an acronym derived from the pill's full title -- Vibrating Ingestible BioElectronic Stimulator. The work in pigs suggests the vibrations activate stretch receptors in the stomach, simulating the presence of food. This results in signals being sent to the hypothalamus in the brain via the vagus nerve, increasing levels of various hormones that give rise to a feeling of fullness and decreasing those that result in feelings of hunger. "We envision the Vibes pill being ingested on a relatively empty stomach 20 to 30 min before anticipated meals to trigger the desired sensation of satiety early in the meal,â the team write, adding that when produced at scale, the cost of the pills is expected to be in the cents to one dollar range. The vibrations, which are powered by a battery encased in the swallowed capsule, can be triggered when stomach acid dissolves a membrane around the pill, or by a timer. The researchers say the pills, which are about the size of a large vitamin tablet, offer a non-invasive, temporary therapy, without the need for weight-loss surgery, and exit the body with other solid waste -- meaning in humans they are flushed down the toilet. However they suggest it could be possible to develop pills that are implanted, or stay in the stomach, to reduce the need for people to repeatedly take them, should they require continuing therapy. Further reading: [171]Man Reports PillCam Stuck In His Gut For Over 12 Weeks apply tags__________ [172]« Newer [173]Older » Slashdot Top Deals Slashdot Top Deals [174]Slashdot Deals Slashdot Poll Do you have a poll idea? (*) Yes, I will post in the comments ( ) No ( ) Cowboy Neal probably does (BUTTON) vote now [175]Read the 81 comments | 4548 votes Looks like someone has already voted from this IP. If you would like to vote please login and try again. Do you have a poll idea? 0 Percentage of others that also voted for: * [176]view results * Or * * [177]view more [178]Read the 81 comments | 4548 voted Most Discussed * 205 comments [179]Psychologists Pinpoint Average Age Children Become Santa Sceptics * 151 comments [180]Microsoft Ending Support For Windows 10 Could Send 240 Million PCs To Landfills, Study Finds * 103 comments [181]Are Phones Making the World's Students Dumber? * 100 comments [182]Banks Use Your Deposits To Loan Money To Fossil-Fuel, Emissions-Heavy Firms * 90 comments [183]Apple's Newest Headache: An App That Upended Its Control Over Messaging Developers * [184]2023's Online 'Advent Calendars' Challenge Programmers With Tips and Puzzles * [185]Creator of JSON Unveils New Programming Language 'Misty' * [186]Amazon, Etsy, Launch Categories With 'Gifts For Programmers' * [187]Intelligence Researchers To Study Computer Code for Clues To Hackers' Identities * [188]Lazarus Cyber Group Deploys DLang Malware Strains [189]This Day on Slashdot 2008 [190]Configuring a Windows PC For a Senior Citizen? 823 comments 2007 [191]US To Extinguish (Most) Incandescent Bulb Sales By 2012 1106 comments 2003 [192]Recommendations For A Good Laptop Bag? 824 comments 2002 [193]New Jersey Enacts 'Smart Gun' Law 1748 comments 1999 [194]"What is Linux Missing?" 720 comments [195]Sourceforge Top Downloads * [196]TrueType core fonts 2.2B downloads * [197]Notepad++ Plugin Mgr 1.5B downloads * [198]VLC media player 899M downloads * [199]eMule 686M downloads * [200]MinGW 631M downloads Powered By [201]sf [202]Slashdot * [203]Today * [204]Saturday * [205]Friday * [206]Thursday * [207]Wednesday * [208]Tuesday * [209]Monday * [210]Sunday * [211]Submit Story "Why should we subsidize intellectual curiosity?" -Ronald Reagan * [212]FAQ * [213]Story Archive * [214]Hall of Fame * [215]Advertising * [216]Terms * [217]Privacy Statement * [218]About * [219]Feedback * [220]Mobile View * [221]Blog * * (BUTTON) Icon Do Not Sell My Personal Information Copyright © 2023 Slashdot Media. 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