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[33]Close binspamdupenotthebestofftopicslownewsdaystalestupid freshfunnyinsightfulinterestingmaybe offtopicflamebaittrollredundantoverrated insightfulinterestinginformativefunnyunderrated descriptive typodupeerror [34]Sign up for the Slashdot newsletter! OR [35]check out the new Slashdot job board to browse remote jobs or jobs in your area Do you develop on GitHub? You can keep using GitHub but automatically [36]sync your GitHub releases to SourceForge quickly and easily with [37]this tool so your projects have a backup location, and get your project in front of SourceForge's nearly 30 million monthly users. It takes less than a minute. Get new users downloading your project releases today! [38]× 171978813 story [39]Google [40]Google Made Billions With Secret Change to Ad-Auction Algorithm, Witness Testifies [41](yahoo.com) [42]3 Posted by EditorDavid on Monday October 09, 2023 @07:34AM from the I'm-feeling-lucky dept. An economist testified that Google made billions of dollars in extra ad revenue starting in 2017 — by [43]making a secret change to its auction algorithm that bumped their revenues up 15%. Bloomberg reports: Michael Whinston, a professor of economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said Friday that Google modified the way it sold text ads via "Project Momiji" — named for the wooden Japanese dolls that have a hidden space for friends to exchange secret messages. The shift sought "to raise the prices against the highest bidder," Whinston told Judge Amit Mehta in federal court in Washington. Google's advertising auctions require the winner to pay only a penny more than the runner-up. In 2016, the company discovered that the runner-up had often bid only 80% of the winner's offer. To help eliminate that 20% between the runner-up and what the winner was willing to pay, Google gave the second-place bidder a built-in handicap to make their offer more competitive, Whinston said, citing internal emails and sealed testimony by Google finance executive Jerry Dischler earlier in the case... About two-thirds, more than 60%, of Google's total revenue comes from search ads, Dischler said previously, amounting to more than $100 billion in 2020. [44]In 2021 Google was also accused of running "a [45]secret program to track bids on its ad-buying platform," according to the New York Post (citing reporting by the Wall Street Journal). A Texas-led antitrust suit accused Google "of using the information to gain an unfair market advantage that raked in hundreds of millions of dollars annually, according to a report." And the Post's article also mentioned "an alleged hush-hush deal in which Google [46]allegedly guaranteed that Facebook would win a fixed percentage of advertising deals." apply tags__________ 171978363 story [47]Earth [48]Can These Fungus-Studying Scientists Make the Planet More Resilient to Climate Change? [49](msn.com) [50]14 Posted by EditorDavid on Monday October 09, 2023 @03:34AM from the breaking-the-mold dept. A team of scientists drove hundreds of miles through the steppes of Kazakhstan in search of what may be one of the largest and most diverse fungi ecosystems on Earth. The Washington Post believes their efforts "could [51]help make the planet more resilient to climate change." When these underground fungi come together, they form sophisticated systems known as "mycorrhizal networks...." Mycorrhizal fungi often form mutually beneficial relationships with plants. They trade essential nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen in exchange for carbon, and act as an extended root system, allowing plants to access water they can't reach. These networks may also prove to be invaluable for transporting carbon underground, a [52]study published in June found. About 13 gigatons of carbon fixed by vegetation — equivalent to about one-third of all carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels in one year — flows through underground fungi, according to an analysis of nearly 200 data sets. In the steppe, these plant-fungal benefits may be short-lived, however. While deserts are a natural part of Kazakhstan's ecosystem, [53]more than half of the country's vegetation and drylands is at risk of becoming desert as well. The main drivers are large-scale intensive agriculture and increasingly warm and dry temperatures brought by climate change.... Knowing what species of fungi live here is key to understanding how to protect them, said Bethan Manley, project officer at the Society for the Protection of Underground Networks who was on the expedition. It will help determine "where we might be able to have the most effective measures of not poisoning them with fungicides or not having harmful farming practices," she said. apply tags__________ 171977935 story [54]Microsoft [55]What Microsoft's CEO Said in Court About Google - And Its Own 1998 Antitrust Case [56](thestreet.com) [57]24 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday October 08, 2023 @11:23PM from the general-protection-fault dept. The Street argues that Satya Nadella "has transformed Microsoft since taking over for former CEO Steve Ballmer. Instead of closing the company off from its rivals, Nadella has been open to working with companies that are also competitors like Apple." But they added that Nadella "[58]remains at odds" with Google's parent company Alphabet, even [59]testifying in the antitrust lawsuit against the company. They highlight another example from Nadella's testimony ([60]first spotted by GeekWire). Nadella also believes that Alphabet sells a false narrative that OEM partners have a choice when in reality they don't. "Google has carrots and it has massive sticks...'We'll remove Google Play if you don't have us as the primary browser.' And without Google Play, an Android phone is a brick. And so that is the type of stuff that is impossible to overcome. No OEM is going to do that," he said. GeekWire also notes Nadella's [61]comments about the U.S. government's antitrust case against Microsoft in 1998: "Google exists because of two things. One is because of our consent decree, where we had to put a lot of limits on what we could distribute and not distribute by default. And, second, because [of] the fact that you could distribute anything you wanted on Windows, and it's still the case, right, it's not just Google. ... The largest marketplace on Windows happens to be not from Microsoft, it's Steam. And so it's an open platform on which anybody can distribute anything." apply tags__________ 171977135 story [62]United States [63]Why Is California's Population Falling? Housing Costs [64](ppic.org) [65]156 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday October 08, 2023 @07:25PM from the California-here-I-go dept. "34% of Californians say they are considering moving out of the state due to housing costs," according to [66]statistics from a [67]new report from the Public Policy Institute of California. It's a nonprofit think tank founded in 1994 "to inform and improve public policy in California through independent, objective, nonpartisan research." (Founded with a grant from Bill Hewlett of Hewlett-Packard, it also gets funding from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation). The report's [68]startling conclusion? "After a century of explosive growth, California is likely to become a slow-growing state." After the year 2030 California's seniors (older than 65) are expected to outnumber its children. "In 2020, California had nearly four residents ages 18-64 for every adult 65 and older. This ratio is expected to drop to 2.8 by 2030 and 2.2 by 2060, if current trends continue." Births are outpacing deaths by over 106,000 people a year. (Even during the pandemic California had a lower COVID mortality rate than most states.) And international immigration remained a net positive with a 90,000-person increase in 2022. Yet all of this was offset in 2022 by a net loss of 407,000 people migrating out of the state. California already has a population of 39 million — but [69]the full report cites July 2023 projections from the state's Department of Finance that now "suggest that the state population will plateau between 39 and 40 million residents in the long term." The caption on one graph notes that California "is losing households at all income levels." [W]hile the majority of domestic outmigrants are lower- and middle-income, an increasing proportion of higher-income Californians are also exiting the state. The "new normal" of remote work in many white-collar professions has enabled some higher-income workers to move. Politics might also play a role, as conservatives are much more likely than liberals to say they have considered leaving the state. One other factor: Declining birth and fertility rates are a nationwide, even a global, phenomenon as economic and social events have changed the status of women and their access to educational and job opportunities. Total fertility rates — the number of births the average woman will have in her lifetime — have fallen across the U.S. in recent decades. No state has a rate at or above 2.1, the level necessary to maintain a population's current size (not taking immigration and migration into account), but California's fertility rate has fallen faster than most. In 2008 its rate was above the national average (2.15); by 2020 it fell to the seventh-lowest (1.52). The declining birth rate among young adults in their 20s is the biggest driver of the fertility rate decline. One major factor is that 20-somethings are now less likely to get married, which can affect decisions to have children... In the past, higher birth rates among immigrants also helped offset lower birth rates among US-born Californians, though more recently birth rates among immigrants have declined, reflecting patterns in sending countries. apply tags__________ 171976801 story [70]Debian [71]Red Hat, Ubuntu, Debian, and Gentoo Release Patches for 'Looney Tunables' Linux Vulnerability [72](zdnet.com) [73]16 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday October 08, 2023 @05:35PM from the bad-bugs dept. [74]Thursday ZDNet reported... As security holes go, [75]CVE-2023-4911, aka "[76]Looney Tunables," isn't horrid. It has a Common Vulnerability Scoring System score of 7.8, which is ranked as important, not critical. On the other hand, this [77]GNU C Library's (glibc) dynamic loader vulnerability is a buffer overflow, which is always big trouble, and it's in pretty much all Linux distributions, so it's more than bad enough. After all, its discoverers, the [78]Qualys Threat Research Unit, were able to exploit "this vulnerability (a local [79]privilege escalation that grants full root privileges) on the default installations of Fedora 37 and 38, Ubuntu 22.04 and 23.04, and Debian 12 and 13." Other distributions are almost certainly vulnerable to attack. The one major exception is the highly secure Alpine Linux. Thanks to this vulnerability, it's trivial to take over most Linux systems as a root user. As the researchers noted, this exploitation method "[80]works against almost all of the SUID-root programs that are installed by default on Linux...." The good news is that [81]Red Hat, [82]Ubuntu, [83]Debian, and [84]Gentoo have all released their own updates. In addition, the upstream [85]glibc code has been patched with the fix. If you can't patch it, Red Hat has a script that should work on most Linux systems to mitigate the problem by setting your system to [86]terminate any setuid program invoked with GLIBC_TUNABLES in the environment. apply tags__________ 171976415 story [87]Businesses [88]'I'm a Luddite - and Why You Should Be One Too' [89](stltoday.com) [90]154 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday October 08, 2023 @04:10PM from the war-of-1811 dept. Los Angeles Times technology columnist Brian Merchant has written [91]a book about the 1811 Luddite rebellion against industrial technology, decrying "entrepreneurs and industrialists [92]pushing for new, dubiously legal, highly automated and labor-saving modes of production." In [93]a new piece he applauds the spirit of the Luddites. "The kind of visionaries we need now are those who see precisely how certain technologies are causing harm and who resist them when necessary." The parallels to the modern day are everywhere. In the 1800s, entrepreneurs used technology to justify imposing a new mode of work: the factory system. In the 2000s, CEOs used technology to justify imposing a new mode of work: algorithmically organized gig labor, in which pay is lower and protections scarce. In the 1800s, hosiers and factory owners used automation less to overtly replace workers than to deskill them and drive down their wages. [94]Digital media bosses, [95]call center operators and [96]studio executives are using AI in much the same way. Then, as now, the titans used technology both as a new mode of production and as an idea that allowed them to ignore long-standing laws and regulations. In the 1800s, this might have been a factory boss arguing that his mill exempted him from a statute governing apprentice labor. Today, it's a ride-hailing app that [97]claims to be a software company so it doesn't have to play by the rules of a cab firm. Then, as now, leaders dazzled by unregulated technologies ignored their potential downsides. Then, it might have been state-of-the-art water frames that could produce an incredible volume of yarn — but needed hundreds of vulnerable child laborers to operate. Today, it's a cellphone or a same-day delivery, made possible by thousands of human laborers toiling in often punishing conditions. Then, as now, workers and critics sounded the alarm... Resistance is gathering again, too. Amazon workers are [98]joining union drives despite intense opposition. [99]Actors and screenwriters are striking and artists and illustrators have [100]called for a ban of generative AI in editorial outlets. Organizing, illegal in the Luddites' time, has historically proved the best bulwark against automation. But governments must also step up. They must offer robust protections and social services for those in precarious positions. They must enforce antitrust laws. Crucially, they must develop regulations to rein in the antidemocratic model of technological development wherein a handful of billionaires and venture capital firms determine the shape of the future — and who wins and loses in it. The clothworkers of the 1800s had the right idea: They believed everyone should share in the bounty of the amazing technologies their work makes possible. That's why I'm a Luddite — and why you should be one, too. So whatever happened to the Luddites? The article reminds readers that the factory system "took root," and "brought prosperity for some, but it created an immiserated working class. "The 200 years since have seen breathtaking technological innovation — but much less social innovation in how the benefits are shared." apply tags__________ 171975565 story [101]AI [102]Will the Placebo Effect Mold How We See AI? [103](axios.com) [104]27 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday October 08, 2023 @02:34PM from the I-want-to-believe dept. "The preconceived notions people have about AI — and what they're told before they use it — [105]mold their experiences with these tools," writes Axios, "in ways researchers are beginning to unpack..." A strong placebo effect works to shape what people think of a particular AI tool, [106]one study revealed. Participants who were about to interact with a mental health chatbot were told the bot was caring, was manipulative or was neither and had no motive. After using the chatbot, which is based on OpenAI's generative AI model GPT-3, most people primed to believe the AI was caring said it was. Participants who'd been told the AI had no motives said it didn't. But they were all interacting with the same chatbot. Only 24% of the participants who were told the AI was trying to manipulate them into buying its service said they perceived it as malicious... The intrigue: It wasn't just people's perceptions that were affected by their expectations. Analyzing the words in conversations people had with the chatbot, the researchers found those who were told the AI was caring had increasingly positive conversations with the chatbot, whereas the interaction with the AI became more negative with people who'd been told it was trying to manipulate them... The placebo effect will likely be a "big challenge in the future," says Thomas Kosch, who studies human-AI interaction at Humboldt University in Berlin. For example, someone might be more careless when they think an AI is helping them drive a car, he says. His own work also shows people [107]take more risks when they think they are supported by an AI. apply tags__________ 171975507 story [108]Government [109]California Becomes First US State to Ban Four 'Toxic' Food Additives [110](msn.com) [111]128 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday October 08, 2023 @01:34PM from the my-Peeps dept. Nearly 12% of America's population is in California. And the Los Angeles Times is predicting [112]changes to what they eat: California became the first state in the nation to prohibit four food additives found in popular cereal, soda, candy and drinks after Gov. Gavin Newsom signed a ban on them Saturday. The [113]California Food Safety Act will ban the manufacture, sale or distribution of brominated vegetable oil, potassium bromate, propylparaben and red dye No. 3 — potentially affecting 12,000 products that use those substances, according to the Environmental Working Group. The legislation was popularly known as the "Skittles ban" because an earlier version also targeted titanium dioxide, used as a [114]coloring agent in candies including Skittles, Starburst and Sour Patch Kids, according to the Environmental Working Group. But the measure, Assembly Bill 418, was [115]amended in September to remove mention of the substance... Assemblyman Jesse Gabriel (D-Woodland Hills), who authored AB 418, hailed the move as a "huge step in our effort to protect children and families in California from dangerous and toxic chemicals in our food supply." Gabriel said the bill won't ban any foods or products but will require food companies to make "minor modifications" to their recipes and switch to safer alternative ingredients. The use of the chemicals has already been banned in the European Union's 27 nations as well as many other countries due to scientific research linking them to cancer, reproductive issues, and behavioral and developmental problems in children, Gabriel said. Many major brands and manufacturers — including Coke, Pepsi, Gatorade and Panera — have voluntarily stopped using the additives because of concerns about their affect on human health. Brominated vegetable oil was previously used in Mountain Dew, but Pepsi Co. has since stopped using it in the beverage. It is still used, however, in generic soda brands such as Walmart's Great Value-branded Mountain Lightning. Propylparaben and potassium bromate are commonly found in baked goods. [116]Red dye no. 3 is used by Just Born Quality Confections to color pink and purple marshmallow Peeps candy, [117]according to Consumer Reports. "What we're really trying to get them to do is to change their recipes," Gabriel told The Times in March. "All of these are nonessential ingredients...." "This is a milestone in food safety, and California is once again leading the nation," said Ken Cook, president of the Environmental Working Group, which co-sponsored the bill along with Consumer Reports. The law could affect food across the country, Cook said, because the size of California's economy might prompt manufacturers to produce just one version of their product rather than separate ones for the state and the rest of the nation. A study by California's Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment ([118]cited in the bill) found that "consumption of synthetic food dyes can result in hyperactivity and other neurobehavioral problems in some children, and that children vary in their sensitivity to synthetic food dyes. The report also found that current federal levels for safe intake of synthetic food dyes may not sufficiently protect children's behavioral health." The reports adds that America's Food and Drug Administration had set levels for the additives" "decades ago," and that those levels "do not reflect newer research." The Los Angeles Times notes that the law won't take effect until January of 2027 — and that it imposes fines of "up to $10,000 for violations." The Times also points out that former California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger had endorsed the bill as "common sense". apply tags__________ 171973309 story [119]Python [120]OpenAI to Release Its Python SDK [121](analyticsindiamag.com) [122]3 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday October 08, 2023 @12:34PM from the software-development-kits dept. "OpenAI has unveiled the Beta version of its Python SDK," [123]reports Analytics India Magazine, "marking a significant step towards enhancing access to the OpenAI API for Python developers." The [124]OpenAI Python library offers a simplified way for Python-based applications to interact with the OpenAI API, while providing an opportunity for early testing and feedback before the official launch of version 1.0. It streamlines the integration process by providing pre-defined classes for API resources, dynamically initialising from API responses, ensuring compatibility across various OpenAI API versions... Developers can find comprehensive documentation and code examples [125]in the OpenAI Cookbook for various tasks, including classification, clustering, code search, customising embeddings, question answering, recommendations, visualisation of embeddings, and more... This comes just weeks before OpenAI's first developer conference, [126]OpenAI DevDay. More details in OpenAI's [127]official announcement at PyPi.org. apply tags__________ 171972529 story [128]Programming [129]States Are Calling For More K-12 CS Classes. Now They Need the Teachers. [130](edweek.org) [131]99 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday October 08, 2023 @11:34AM from the RTFM dept. Long-time Slashdot reader [132]theodp writes: [133]"42 states to go!" exclaimed Code.org to its 1+ million Twitter followers as it celebrated victorious efforts to pass legislation making North Carolina the 8th state to pass a high school computer science graduation requirement, bringing the tech-backed nonprofit a step closer to its goal of making CS a requirement for a HS diploma in all 50 states. But as states make good on [134]pledges made to tech CEOs to make their schoolchildren CS savvy, [135]Education Week cautions that K-12 CS has a big certified teacher shortage problem. From [136]the article: When trying to ensure all students get access to the knowledge they need for college and careers, sometimes policy can get ahead of teacher capacity. Computer science is a case in point. As of 2022, every state in the nation has passed at least one law or policy intended to promote K-12 computer science education, and 53 percent of high schools offered basic computer science courses that year, according to the nonprofit advocacy group Code.org." "'There's big money behind making [course offerings] go up higher and faster,' thanks to federal and state grants as well as private foundations, said Paul Bruno, an assistant professor of education policy, organization, and leadership at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. "But then that raises the question, well, who are we getting to teach these courses...?" Bruno's work in states such as [137]California and North Carolina suggests that few of those new computer science classes are staffed with teachers who are certified in that subject." apply tags__________ 171972729 story [138]Encryption [139]Cryptographer Announces $12K Bounty to Find the Lost Seeds to 5 NIST Elliptic Curves [140](filippo.io) [141]32 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday October 08, 2023 @10:34AM from the cracking-the-codes dept. Long-time Slashdot reader [142]mejustme writes: The NIST elliptic curves that power much of modern cryptography were generated in the late '90s by hashing seeds provided by the NSA. Rumor has it that they are in turn hashes of English sentences, but the person who picked them, Dr. Jerry Solinas, passed away in early 2023 leaving behind a cryptographic mystery." That's from [143]the blog of Filippo Valsorda, who was in charge of cryptography and security on the Go team at Google until 2022, (and was on the Cryptography team at Cloudflare until 2017). But more importantly, he adds that "I'm announcing a $12,288 bounty for cracking these five hashes, tripled to $36,864 if the recipient chooses to donate it to a 501(c)(3) charity of their choice." There [144]are hints to which phrase was used as the seed. Dr Jerry Solinas thinks he used something similar to "Jerry deserves a raise. apply tags__________ 171973177 story [145]Bitcoin [146]NChain's CEO 'Departs', Claims Evidence Craig Wright Manipulated Bitcoin Creation Documents [147](forbes.com) [148]42 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday October 08, 2023 @07:34AM from the Satoshi-drama dept. Bitcoin creator Satoshi Nakamoto may or may not be businessman Craig Wright, who in 2015 founded the blockchain-tech company nChain. But nChain's recently-departed CEO Christen Ager-Hanssen's thinks Wright is not Satoshi — and that's just the beginning. [149]According to Forbes Ager-Hanssen went as far as "to leak emails suggesting former gambling billionaire Calvin Ayre, who has heavily backed the company doesn't believe Wright, nChain's chief scientist, is Satoshi Nakamoto. The [150]alleged email from Ayre begins by citing Wright's "litigation disaster"...' I have been operating under the assumption that you and Ramona have the keys and that you were simply pretending not to have them as part of some strategy that you have trapped yourself in. But now that we are looking at a situation where continuing to deny you have them ruins your life and damages your supporters, I am forced to make a tough decision... There is zero reason to continue to pretend you do not have the keys if you really have them... So either you are a moron for intentionally losing this case, or you are a moron for actually not having the keys... either way, I am not following you over the cliff... But Ager-Hanssen [151]also shared some thoughts of his own: I can confirm I have departed from nChain Global as its Group CEO with immediate effect after reporting several serious issues to the board of nChain Group including what I believe is a conspiracy to defraud nChain shareholders orchestrated by a significant shareholder. I also had concerns about the ultimate beneficiary shareholder and the real people behind DW Discovery fund registered in Cayman. The chairman also took instructions from shadow directors which I didn't accept. I have also reported that I have found compelling evidence that Dr Craig Wright has manipulated documents with the aim to deceive the court he is Satoshi. I'm today myself convinced that Dr Craig Wright is NOT Satoshi and I'm persuaded he will lose all his legal battles. The board didn't take action and my job becomes clearly untenable. One of the things I recommended the Chairman of the board was to sack Dr Craig Wright. I feel sorry for all the great people that work in the company but I don't want to be part of something I clearly don't believe in. #faketoshi Forbes also notes an X (Twitter) account calling itself "Satoshi Nakamoto" with the handle @Satoshi has posted for the first time since 2018 — though X's community notes feature added: "This isn't the real Satoshi Nakamoto, creator of bitcoin. Its an account related to Craig Wright, who claims to be Satoshi with no material proof." Thanks to long-time Slashdot reader [152]UnknowingFool for sharing the news. apply tags__________ 171972919 story [153]Linux [154]Greg Kroah-Hartman Chastises Critic, Says Linux Foundation Strongly Supports Kernel Developers [155](ycombinator.com) [156]61 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday October 08, 2023 @03:34AM from the support-for-supporters dept. It started when Linux blogger Bryan Lunduke complained about how the Linux Foundation was [157]reducing the six-year long-term support (LTS) window for the Linux kernel to two years. Lunduke [158]argued that the Foundation seemed more interested in funding compliance best practices — as well as artificial intelligence and blockchain projects. In an online discussion, [159]Linux kernel maintainer Greg Kroah-Hartman had this response: Did anyone think to actually ask the developer who is maintaining the long-term support kernel versions why he made that change (back in February?), i.e. me...? No, I guess that would take too much effort, and wouldn't result in such a click-bait headline. "LTS kernels are no longer supported for 6 years because it turns out no one used them." doesn't have that same fun sound... In a second comment Kroah-Hartman also clarified that in fact "[160]The amount of resources and other stuff that the Linux Foundation provides to the Linux kernel community has increased over the years, including last year. " Just because new people are brought in with new projects (that the LF member companies want to host) does not mean that somehow less is being given to the kernel community at all. It is not a zero-sum game here at all, that's not how the LF works in any way. Again, this would have been easy to verify if someone just asked us. So to repeat, no "abandonment" is happening here at all, the opposite is happening, just like it has for the entirety of the Linux Foundation's existence, support has grown every year. Thanks to long-time Slashdot reader [161]whoever57 for sharing the news. apply tags__________ 171973365 story [162]Python [163]7% of Python Developers Are Still Using Python 2, Annual Survey Finds [164](infoworld.com) [165]49 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday October 08, 2023 @12:39AM from the not-supported-since-2020 dept. "Python 3 was by far the choice over Python 2 in a late-2022 survey of more than 23,000 Python developers," reports InfoWorld, "but the percentage of respondents using Python 2 [166]actually ticked up compared to the previous year." Results of the sixth annual Python Developers Survey, conducted by the Python Software Foundation and software tools maker JetBrains, were released September 27. The [167]Python Developers Survey 2022 report indicates that 93% of respondents had adopted Python 3, while only 7% were still using Python 2. In the 2021 survey, though, 95% used Python 3 while 5% used Python 2. In 2020, Python 3 held a 94% to 6% edge. Dating back to 2017, 75% used Python 3 and 25% used Python 2... The 2022 report said 29% of respondents still use Python 2 for data analysis, 24% use Python 2 for computer graphics, and 23% used Python 2 for devops. The survey also found that 45% of respondents are still using [168]Python 3.10, which arrived two years ago, while just 2% still use Python 3.5 or lower. (Python 3.11 [169]was released October 24, 2022, right when the survey was being conducted.) Other findings [170]from the survey: * 21% said they used Python for work only, while 51% said they used it for work and personal/educational use or side projects, and 21% said they used Python only for personal projects. * 85% of respondents said Python was their main language (rather than a secondary language). * The survey also gives the the top "secondary languages" for the surveyed Python developers as JavaScript (37%), HTML/CSS (37%), SQL (35%), Bash/Shell (32%), and then C/C++ (27%). * When asked what they used Python for most, 22% said "Web Development", 18% said "Data Analysis," 12% said "Machine Learning," and 10% said "DevOps/System Administration/Writing Automation Scripts." apply tags__________ 171972485 story [171]EU [172]Germany Will Keep Keep Its Coal Power Plants on Standby For Another Winter [173](euractiv.com) [174]157 Posted by EditorDavid on Saturday October 07, 2023 @09:34PM from the old-king-coal dept. An anonymous reader writes: Amidst a winter marked by scarce gas supplies, the German government has opted to [175]retain its lignite coal power plants on standby for another season. Originally, Germany had planned a phased shutdown of coal plants in exchange for a portion of the government's €40 billion coal phase-out fund. However, last year, disruptions in Russian gas supplies post-Ukraine war prompted an emergency decision to keep coal plants operational. This measure is now extended for the upcoming winter, maintaining 1.9 GWs of lignite capacity alongside the existing 45 GW of coal power plants. The primary purpose of these lignite plants is to alleviate gas demand during peak times and stabilize prices. Despite the economic benefits, the move raises environmental concerns, given lignite's status as a major climate polluter. The government acknowledges this and plans to assess the additional carbon emissions resulting from keeping coal plants on standby, estimated to be between 2.5 and 5.6 tonnes of CO2. The German government emphasized the persistence of the goal to ideally complete the coal phase-out by 2030 and meet climate targets. apply tags__________ [176]« Newer [177]Older » Slashdot Top Deals Slashdot Top Deals [178]Slashdot Deals Slashdot Poll What's your favorite machine to play games on? (*) Xbox ( ) PlayStation ( ) Nintendo ( ) PC ( ) Smartphone (BUTTON) vote now [179]Read the 86 comments | 21143 votes Looks like someone has already voted from this IP. If you would like to vote please login and try again. What's your favorite machine to play games on? 0 Percentage of others that also voted for: * [180]view results * Or * * [181]view more [182]Read the 86 comments | 21143 voted Most Discussed * 155 comments [183]Germany Will Keep Keep Its Coal Power Plants on Standby For Another Winter * 151 comments [184]Some US Lawmakers Want to Restrict American Companies From Working on RISC-V Chip Technology * 150 comments [185]'I'm a Luddite - and Why You Should Be One Too' * 144 comments [186]Why Is California's Population Falling? 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