#[1]alternate [2]News for nerds, stuff that matters [3]Search Slashdot [4]Slashdot RSS [5]Slashdot * [6]Stories * + Firehose + [7]All + [8]Popular * [9]Polls * [10]Software * [11]Apparel * [12]Newsletter * [13]Jobs [14]Submit Search Slashdot ____________________ (BUTTON) * [15]Login * or * [16]Sign up * Topics: * [17]Devices * [18]Build * [19]Entertainment * [20]Technology * [21]Open Source * [22]Science * [23]YRO * Follow us: * [24]RSS * [25]Facebook * [26]LinkedIn * [27]Twitter * [28]Youtube * [29]Mastodon * [30]Newsletter Become a fan of Slashdot on [31]Facebook Nickname: ____________________ Password: ____________________ [ ] Public Terminal __________________________________________________________________ Log In [32]Forgot your password? [33]Close binspamdupenotthebestofftopicslownewsdaystalestupid freshfunnyinsightfulinterestingmaybe offtopicflamebaittrollredundantoverrated insightfulinterestinginformativefunnyunderrated descriptive typodupeerror Do you develop on GitHub? You can keep using GitHub but automatically [34]sync your GitHub releases to SourceForge quickly and easily with [35]this tool so your projects have a backup location, and get your project in front of SourceForge's nearly 30 million monthly users. It takes less than a minute. Get new users downloading your project releases today! [36]Sign up for the Slashdot newsletter! or [37]check out the new Slashdot job board to browse remote jobs or jobs in your area [38]× 170901705 story [39]Python [40]Codon Compiler For Python Is Fast - but With Some Caveats [41](usenix.org) [42]9 Posted by EditorDavid on Monday May 08, 2023 @07:34AM from the language-barriers dept. For 16 years, Rik Farrow has been an editor for the long-running nonprofit Usenix. He's also been a consultant [43]for 43 years (according to his biography at Usenix.org) — and even wrote the 1988 book Unix System Security: How to Protect Your Data and Prevent Intruders. Today Farrow stopped by Slashdot to share his thoughts on Codon. [44]rikfarrow writes: Researchers at MIT decided to build a compiler focused on speeding up genomics processing... Recently, they have posted their code on GitHub, and [45]I gave it a test drive. "Managed" languages produce code for a specific runtime (like JavaScript). Now Farrow's article at Usenix.org argues that Codon produces code "much faster than other managed languages, and in some cases faster than C/C++." Codon-compiled code is faster because "it's compiled, variables are typed at compile time, and it supports parallel execution." But there's some important caveats: The "version of Python" part is actually an important point: the builders of Codon have built a compiler that accepts a large portion of Python, including all of the most commonly used parts — but not all... Duck typing means that the Codon compiler uses hints found in the source or attempts to deduce them to determine the correct type, and assigns that as a static type. If you wanted to process data where the type is unknown before execution, this may not work for you, although Codon does support a union type that is a possible workaround. In most cases of processing large data sets, the types are known in advance so this is not an issue... Codon is not the same as Python, in that the developers have not yet implemented all the features you would find in Python 3.10, and this, along with duck typing, will likely cause problems if you just try and compile existing scripts. I quickly ran into problems, as I uncovered unsupported bits of Python, and, by looking at the [46]Issues section of their Github pages, so have other people. Codon supports a JIT feature, so that instead of attempting to compile complete scripts, you can just add a @codon.jit decorator to functions that you think would benefit from being compiled or executed in parallel, becoming much faster to execute... Whether your projects will benefit from experimenting with Codon will mean taking the time to read the documentation. Codon is not exactly like Python. For example, there's support for Nvidia GPUs included as well and I ran into a limitation when using a dictionary. I suspect that some potential users will appreciate that Codon takes Python as input and produces executables, making the distribution of code simpler while avoiding disclosure of the source. Codon, with its LLVM backend, also seems like a great solution for people wanting to use Python for embedded projects. My uses of Python are much simpler: I can process millions of lines of nginx logs in seconds, so a reduction in execution time means little to me. I do think there will be others who can take full advantage of Codon. Farrow's article also points out that Codon "must be licensed for commercial use, but versions older than three years convert to an Apache license. Non-commercial users are welcome to experiment with Codon." apply tags__________ 170901843 story [47]AI [48]Slack Announces 'AI-Powered' Conversation Summaries and Message-Writing Assistance [49](theregister.com) [50]16 Posted by EditorDavid on Monday May 08, 2023 @03:34AM from the Slacking-off dept. Slack [51]sees the future: Imagine if every time you hop into a channel, you'll be able to get up to speed on unread Slack messages in one click — whether you're jumping in midway through a project or catching up from being out of the office. In the future, with generative AI built seamlessly into the user experience, conversation summaries will be there when you need them, the moment you start scrolling through a channel. With AI assistance built natively into Slack's message composer and [52]canvas, a new surface for curating information, Slack GPT could also help you tweak your drafts until the words are just right. In a few clicks, you'll be able to distill content, adjust the tone, and more, right from where you're already writing. In fact, Slack "[53]previewed generative AI tools on Thursday," reports the Register, "currently under development and bundled under the banner Slack GPT." Customers will be able to use large language models like Anthropic's Claude as well as OpenAI's GPT to instruct the chatbots to perform other tasks, like search or answering questions. Slack is also working on Workflow Builder — a no-code automation tool that will enable users to add generative prompts to automatically perform tasks for them, like setting up alerts or writing and sharing documents... Other tools, like its forthcoming Einstein GPT app, are aimed at supporting existing Salesforce services in its CRM software. Users of Salesforce Customer 360 data and Data Cloud — like customer service agents, sales reps, or marketers — can access language models to generate leads, write emails, schedule meetings, or draft plans. Einstein GPT will also be able to handle code, so developers can ask chatbots to write short programs or fix bugs. It's not clear when Slack GPT or Einstein GPT will be generally available. Integration with Anthropic's Claude, however, is available now, whilst integration with ChatGPT is currently in beta. Workflow Builder is scheduled to be released in summer this year. From Slack's announcement: Say you have a workflow that alerts you when a new lead comes in from Sales Cloud, ensuring sales reps can quickly respond. Imagine if ChatGPT could take your workflow a few steps further, using CRM data from a sales lead to draft a personalized prospecting email for you? Put it in a document, share it in a channel, and every sales rep now has a head start when they follow up on the lead. apply tags__________ 170902053 story [54]Crime [55]Elizabeth Holmes Speaks [56](yahoo.com) [57]63 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @11:34PM from the before-I-go-to-jail dept. Elizabeth Holmes hasn't spoken to the media since 2016. Now convicted on criminal fraud charges — and counting down the days until she reports for prison — Holmes finally [58]breaks the silence in a profile published today in the New York Times. "I made so many mistakes," Holmes says, "and there was so much I didn't know and understand, and I feel like when you do it wrong, it's like you really internalize it in a deep way," Billy Evans, Ms. Holmes's partner and the father of their two young children, pushes a stroller with the couple's 20-month-old son, William... At one point, I tell her that I heard Jennifer Lawrence had pulled out of portraying her in a movie. She replied, almost reflectively, "They're not playing me. They're playing a character I created." So, why did she create that public persona? "I believed it would be how I would be good at business and taken seriously and not taken as a little girl or a girl who didn't have good technical ideas," said Ms. Holmes, who founded Theranos at 19. "Maybe people picked up on that not being authentic, since it wasn't..." Her top lieutenant at Theranos, and much older boyfriend at the time, Ramesh Balwani, was found guilty of 10 counts of wire fraud and two counts of conspiracy to commit wire fraud at Theranos. He began a 13-year prison sentence last month. On Thursday, his legal team filed an appeal with the Ninth Circuit... She said Mr. Balwani did not control her every interaction or statement at Theranos, but she "deferred to him in the areas he oversaw because I believed he knew better than I did," and those areas included the problematic clinical lab... Ms. Holmes's story of how she got here — to the bright, cozy house and the supportive partner and the two babies — feels a lot like the story of someone who had finally broken out of a cult and been deprogrammed. After her relationship with Mr. Balwani ended and Theranos dissolved, Ms. Holmes said, "I began my life again." But then I remember that Ms. Holmes was running the cult... What does she think would have happened if she hadn't garnered so much early attention as the second coming of Silicon Valley? Ms. Holmes does not blink: "We would've seen through our vision." In other words, she thinks if she'd spent more time quietly working on her inventions and less time on a stage promoting the company, she would have revolutionized health care by now. This kind of misguided talk is the one consistent thread in my reporting on who Ms. Holmes really is. She repeatedly says that Theranos wasn't a get-rich-quick scheme for her; she never sold her shares and didn't come out of it wealthy. Ms. Holmes's parents said they borrowed $500,000 against their Washington, D.C.-area home to post Ms. Holmes's bond... She maintains the idealistic delusion of a 19-year-old, never mind that she's 39 with a fraud conviction, telling me she is still working on health care-related inventions and would continue to do so behind bars. "I still dream about being able to contribute in that space," Ms. Holmes said. "I still feel the same calling to it as I always did and I still think the need is there." If your head is exploding at how divorced from reality this sounds, that's kind of the point. When Ms. Holmes uses the messianic vernacular of tech, I get the sense that she truly believes that she could have — and, in fact, she still could — change the world, and she doesn't much care if we believe her or not... It's this steadfast (or unhinged?) belief that has kept Ms. Holmes fighting, even though a guilty plea would have likely helped her chances of remaining free. apply tags__________ 170901543 story [59]Programming [60]Why the Creator of Ruby on Rails Prefers Dynamic Typing [61](hey.com) [62]76 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @09:44PM from the not-my-types dept. "I write all novel client-side code as JavaScript instead of TypeScript, and it's a delight," [63]says the creator of Ruby on Rails. Posting on Twitter, David Heinemeier Hansson [64]opined that TypeScript "sucked out much of the joy I had writing JavaScript. I'm forever grateful that Yukihiro 'Matz' Matsumoto didn't succumb to the pressure of adding similar type hints to Ruby." When it comes to static vs dynamic typing, "I've heard a million arguments from both sides throughout my entire career," Hansson [65]wrote on his blog today, "but seen very few of them ever convinced anyone of anything." But wait — he thinks we can all get along: Personally, I'm unashamedly a dynamic typing kind of guy. That's why I love Ruby so very much. It takes full advantage of dynamic typing to allow the poetic syntax that results in such beautiful code. To me, Ruby with explicit, static typing would be like a salad with a scoop of ice cream. They just don't go together. I'll also confess to having embraced the evangelical position for dynamic typing in the past. To the point of suffering from a One True Proposition affliction. Seeing the lack of enthusiasm for dynamic typing as a reflection of missing education, experience, or perhaps even competence. Oh what folly. Like trying to convince an introvert that they'd really like parties if they'd just loosen up a bit... These days, I've come to appreciate the magnificence of multiplicity. Programming would be an awful endeavor if we were all confined to the same paradigm. Human nature is much too varied to accept such constraint on its creativity...But it took a while for me to come to these conclusions. I'm a recovering solutionist. So when I see folks cross their heart in disbelief that anyone, anywhere might fancy JavaScript over TypeScript, I smile, and I remember the days when I'd recognize their zeal in the mirror. Hansson also sees the "magnificence of multiplicity" in positions about functional vs object-oriented programming. "Poles on both these axes have shown to deliver excellent software over the decades (and awful stuff too!)." apply tags__________ 170900183 story [66]Earth [67]Yet Another Problem with Recycling: It Spews Microplastics [68](arstechnica.com) [69]77 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @06:52PM from the re-recycling dept. "An alarming new [70]study has found that even when plastic makes it to a recycling center, it can still end up splintering into smaller bits that contaminate the air and water," [71]reports Wired: This pilot study focused on a single new facility where plastics are sorted, shredded, and melted down into pellets. Along the way, the plastic is washed several times, sloughing off microplastic particles — fragments smaller than 5 millimeters — into the plant's wastewater. Because there were multiple washes, the researchers could sample the water at four separate points along the production line. (They are not disclosing the identity of the facility's operator, who cooperated with their project.) This plant was actually in the process of installing filters that could snag particles larger than 50 microns (a micron is a millionth of a meter), so the team was able to calculate the microplastic concentrations in raw versus filtered discharge water — basically a before-and-after snapshot of how effective filtration is. Their microplastics tally was astronomical. Even with filtering, they calculate that the total discharge from the different washes could produce up to 75 billion particles per cubic meter of wastewater. Depending on the recycling facility, that liquid would ultimately get flushed into city water systems or the environment. In other words, recyclers trying to solve the plastics crisis may in fact be accidentally exacerbating the microplastics crisis, which is coating [72]every [73]corner [74]of [75]the [76]environment with synthetic particles. "It seems a bit backward, almost, that we do plastic recycling in order to protect the environment, and then end up increasing a different and potentially more harmful problem," says plastics scientist Erina Brown, who led the research while at the University of Strathclyde. "It raises some very serious concerns," agrees Judith Enck, president of Beyond Plastics and a former US Environmental Protection Agency regional administrator, who wasn't involved in the paper. "And I also think this points to the fact that plastics are fundamentally not sustainable." Wired ponts out that more than half the microplastics can be captured with a filtration system. "Without it, the researchers calculated that this single recycling facility could emit up to 6.5 million pounds of microplastic per year. Filtration got it down to an estimated 3 million pounds." But one of the paper's co-authors shared their discouraging conclusion. "The recycling centers are potentially making things worse by actually creating microplastics faster and discharging them into both water and air. I'm not sure we can technologically engineer our way out of that problem." apply tags__________ 170901013 story [77]Bitcoin [78]Binance Temporarily Paused Bitcoin Transactions Over Network Congestion, Also Faces Government Scrutiny [79](coindesk.com) [80]32 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @05:52PM from the magic-internet-money dept. CoinDesk reports that Binance "[81]temporarily paused bitcoin withdrawals Sunday morning U.S. time as the Bitcoin blockchain became overwhelmed with pending transactions and sky-high fees." The company resumed withdrawals within two hours of its initial Twitter posting about the withdrawals. On-chain data shows that there are nearly 400,000 unconfirmed Bitcoin transactions, [82]which is higher than anything seen during the bull runs of 2018 and 2021. The average transaction fee has also doubled since March, [83]pushing it to a two-year high. The current transaction fee is just over $8, a [84]309% change from a year ago. In an earlier CoinDesk article, an executive at Luxor Technologies, a full-stack Bitcoin mining pool, blamed the rising fees [85]on the adoption of the new BRC-20 token standard, a new way to "inscribe" additional data during transactions. But meanwhile, an anonymous reader [86]shared another report from Mashable about Binance: Bloomberg [87]reported that the crypto exchange (currently the world's largest) is facing a U.S. Department of Justice probe over possibly allowing Russians to move money in a way that would violate U.S. sanctions... It's worth noting that no formal accusation has been made against Binance, as this is just a probe. It may be some time before accusations manifest — if they manifest at all. In 2021, Binance was under a [88]similar investigation related to possible money laundering. But another Reuters article adds that Bloomberg's sources "also said that Binance is discussing the possibility of [89]settling with the Department of Justice regarding previous allegations that the exchange was also used to move money to circumvent U.S. sanctions against Iran." And elsewhere, Reuters reports: Israel has [90]seized around 190 crypto accounts at crypto exchange Binance since 2021 , including two it said were linked to Islamic State and dozens of others it said were owned by Palestinian firms connected to the Islamist Hamas group, documents released by the country's counter-terror authorities show... In a blog post after its publication, Binance said that Reuters was "deliberately leaving out critical facts." The exchange has been "working closely with international counter-terrorism authorities" on the seizures, Binance said. "With regard to the specific organizations mentioned in the article, it's important to clarify that bad actors don't register accounts under the names of their criminal enterprises," it said... Under Israeli law, the country's defense minister can order the seizure and confiscation of assets that the ministry deems related to terrorism... The seizures by Israel's National Bureau for Counter Terror Financing highlight how governments are targeting crypto companies in their efforts to prevent illegal activity. Binance, founded in 2017 by CEO Changpeng Zhao, says on its website it reviews information requests from governments and law enforcement agencies on a case-by-case basis, disclosing information as legally required. Binance has also said it checks users for connections to terrorism and has "continued to invest tremendous resources to enhance its compliance program," it told U.S. senators in March in response to their requests for information on Binance's regulatory compliance and finances. apply tags__________ 170900439 story [91]AI [92]America's FTC Warns Businesses Not to Use AI to Harm Consumers [93](ftc.gov) [94]20 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @04:34PM from the AI-ads dept. America's consumer-protecting federal agency has a division overseeing advertising practices. Its web site includes a "business guidance" section with "advice on complying with FTC law," and this week one of the agency's attorney's warned that the FTC "is [95]focusing intensely on how companies may choose to use AI technology, including new generative AI tools, in ways that can have actual and substantial impact on consumers." The warning came in a blog post titled "The Luring Test: AI and the engineering of consumer trust." In the 2014 movie Ex Machina, a robot manipulates someone into freeing it from its confines, resulting in the person being confined instead. The robot was designed to manipulate that person's emotions, and, oops, that's what it did. While the scenario is pure speculative fiction, companies are always looking for new ways — such as the use of generative AI tools — to better persuade people and change their behavior. When that conduct is commercial in nature, we're in FTC territory, a canny valley where businesses should know to avoid practices that harm consumers... As for the new wave of generative AI tools, firms are starting to use them in ways that can influence people's beliefs, emotions, and behavior. Such uses are expanding rapidly and include chatbots designed to provide information, advice, support, and companionship. Many of these chatbots are effectively built to persuade and are designed to answer queries in confident language even when those answers are fictional. A tendency to trust the output of these tools also comes in part from "automation bias," whereby people may be unduly trusting of answers from machines which may seem neutral or impartial. It also comes from the effect of anthropomorphism, which may lead people to trust chatbots more when designed, say, to use personal pronouns and emojis. People could easily be led to think that they're conversing with something that understands them and is on their side. Many commercial actors are interested in these generative AI tools and their built-in advantage of tapping into unearned human trust. Concern about their malicious use goes well beyond FTC jurisdiction. But a key FTC concern is firms using them in ways that, deliberately or not, steer people unfairly or deceptively into harmful decisions in areas such as finances, health, education, housing, and employment. Companies thinking about novel uses of generative AI, such as customizing ads to specific people or groups, should know that design elements that trick people into making harmful choices are a common element in FTC cases, such as recent actions relating to [96]financial offers , [97]in-game purchases , and [98]attempts to cancel services . Manipulation can be a deceptive or unfair practice when it causes people to take actions contrary to their intended goals. Under the FTC Act, practices can be unlawful even if not all customers are harmed and even if those harmed don't comprise a class of people protected by anti-discrimination laws. The FTC attorney also warns against paid placement within the output of a generative AI chatbot. ("Any generative AI output should distinguish clearly between what is organic and what is paid.") And in addition, "People should know if an AI product's response is steering them to a particular website, service provider, or product [99]because of a commercial relationship. And, certainly, people should know if they're communicating with a real person or a machine..." "Given these many concerns about the use of new AI tools, it's perhaps not the best time for firms building or deploying them to remove or fire personnel devoted to ethics and responsibility for AI and engineering. If the FTC comes calling and you want to convince us that you adequately assessed risks and mitigated harms, these reductions might not be a good look. " Thanks to Slashdot reader [100]gluskabe for sharing the post. apply tags__________ 170900081 story [101]Power [102]Florida EVs May Be Charged 'Inductively' By One Mile of Highway [103](electrive.com) [104]94 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @03:34PM from the power-drive dept. A Norwegian company named ENRX "wants to inductively charge electric vehicles with 200 kW while driving on a section of highway in Florida," according to the "electric mobility industry" news site electrive.com. "A [105]one-mile section of a four-lane highway near Orlando is to be electrified." ENRX has teamed up with the Central Florida Expressway Authority and the Aspire Engineering Research Center for an initiative to build a one-mile (1.6-kilometre) section on a four-lane highway near Orlando that will inductively charge the batteries of moving electric vehicles at 200 kW. The principle is clear: the electric vehicle batteries are fitted with a special receiver pad and charged as they drive over the coils embedded in the road. In the process, the energy is transferred from these coils to the receiver pad mounted on the vehicle floor, which according to ENRX should provide "a safe, wireless power supply" even at motorway speeds. Advantages of the 'Next Generation Electric Roadway system' mentioned include interoperability, different output power levels for different vehicle and battery types, or user-defined distance between the ground and the vehicle. In addition, the system (on the infrastructure side) is supposed to be maintenance-free after installation... "When you can charge while driving, range anxiety and frequent charging stops will be a thing of the past," says ENRX CEO Bjørn Eldar Petersen... "Dynamic charging can reduce the need for large battery capacities, allowing cars to be equipped with lighter and more affordable battery packs." Thanks to long-time Slashdot reader [106]aduxorth for sharing the news. apply tags__________ 170899951 story [107]Books [108]Ask Slashdot: Should Libraries Eliminate Fines for Overdue Books? [109](thehill.com) [110]113 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @02:34PM from the many-happy-returns dept. [111]Fines for overdue library books were eliminated more than three years ago in Chicago, Seattle, and San Francisco — as well as at the Los Angeles Public Library system (which serves 18 million people). The Hill reported that just in the U.S., more than 200 cities and municipalities had eliminated the fines by the end of 2019: Fines account for less than 1 percent of Chicago Public Library's revenue stream, and there is also a collection cost in terms of staff time, keeping cash on hand, banking and accounting. The San Diego library system did a detailed study and found the costs were higher than the fines collected, says Molloy. And this week the King County Library System in Washington state — serving one million patrons in 50 libraries — joined the trend, announcing that it would end all late fines for overdue books. A [112]local newspaper summarized the results of a six-month review by library staff presented to the Board of Trustees: - In recent years, fines made up less than 1% of KCLS' operating budget. - Late fine revenue continues to decrease over time. This trend correlates with patrons' interest in more digital and fewer physical items. Digital titles return automatically and do not accrue late fines. - Collecting fines from patrons also has costs. Associated expenses include staff time, payment processing fees, printing notices and more. - A majority of peer libraries have eliminated late fines. Now Slashdot reader [113]robotvoice writes: Library fines were assessed since early last century as an incentive for patrons to return materials and "be responsible." However, many studies have found that fines disproportionately affect the poor and disadvantaged in our society... I have collected several anecdotes of dedicated library patrons who were locked out of borrowing because of excessive and punitive fines... I get daily use and enjoyment from library books and materials. While I personally have been scrupulous about paying fines — until they were eliminated — I support the idea that libraries are there to help those with the least access. What do you think? Share your own thoughts in the comments. Should libraries eliminate fines for overdue books? apply tags__________ 170899527 story [114]Science [115]Cosmic-Ray Muons Used to Detect Underground Tombs In Naples [116](livescience.com) [117]7 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @01:34PM from the X-ray-specs dept. Slashdot reader [118]Bruce66423 shared [119]this report from LiveScience: Cosmic rays and lasers have revealed that deep underneath the city streets of Naples, Italy, lie the remains of the Greeks who originally settled the area, as well as the catacombs of Christians who lived there during the Roman era nearly two millennia ago, a new study finds... The layers of contemporary buildings make it difficult to access ancient sewers, cisterns and tombs 33 feet (10 meters) underneath the streets, so a group of Italian and Japanese researchers hypothesized that they could identify previously unknown burial hypogea from the Hellenistic period using 21st-century techniques. Their study, published April 3 in the journal [120]Scientific Reports, details how they used muography to detect underground voids that were unknown to archaeologists... In 1936, scientists discovered that muons are produced by [121]cosmic rays in Earth's atmosphere, and that these tiny particles can easily penetrate walls and rocks, scattering in open spaces. In this study, the muons' tracks were recorded using nuclear emulsion technology, in which extremely sensitive photographic film is used to capture and visualize the paths of the charged particles. By measuring muon flux — how many muons arrive in a particular area over time — and direction using a particle detector, researchers can peer into volcanoes, underground cavities and even the [122]Egyptian pyramids through muography... Valeri Tioukov, a physicist at Italy's National Institute for Nuclear Physics, and his colleagues placed the muon tracking devices 59 feet (18 m) underground, in a 19th-century cellar that was used for aging ham, where they recorded the muon flux for 28 days, capturing about 10 million muons... 3D laser scans of the accessible structures can then be compared with the measured muon flux. Anomalies in the muon flux images that are not visible in the 3D model can be confidently assumed to be hidden or unknown cavities. Muography revealed an excess of muons in the data that can be explained only by the presence of a new burial chamber. The chamber's area measures roughly 6.5 by 11.5 feet (2 by 3.5 m), according to the study, and its rectangular shape indicates it is human-made rather than natural. apply tags__________ 170896101 story [123]AI [124]ChatGPT is Powered by $15-an-Hour Contractors [125](nbcnews.com) [126]77 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @12:34PM from the batch-jobs dept. An anonymous reader shared [127]this report from NBC News: Alexej Savreux, a 34-year-old in Kansas City, says he's done all kinds of work over the years. He's made fast-food sandwiches. He's been a custodian and a junk-hauler. And he's done technical sound work for live theater. These days, though, his work is less hands-on: He's an artificial intelligence trainer. Savreux is part of a hidden army of contract workers who have been doing the behind-the-scenes labor of teaching AI systems how to analyze data so they can generate the kinds of text and images that have wowed the people using newly popular products like ChatGPT. To improve the accuracy of AI, he has labeled photos and made predictions about what text the apps should generate next. The pay: $15 an hour and up, with no benefits... He credits the AI gig work — along with a previous job at the sandwich chain Jimmy John's — with helping to pull him out of homelessness. "Their feedback fills an urgent and endless need for the company and its AI competitors: providing streams of sentences, labels and other information that serve as training data," the article explains: "A lot of the discourse around AI is very congratulatory," said Sonam Jindal, the program lead for AI, labor and the economy at the Partnership on AI, a nonprofit based in San Francisco that promotes research and education around artificial intelligence. "But we're missing a big part of the story: that this is still hugely reliant on a large human workforce," she said... A spike in demand has arrived, and some AI contract workers are asking for more. In Nairobi, Kenya, more than 150 people who've worked on AI for Facebook, TikTok and ChatGPT voted Monday to form a union, citing low pay and the mental toll of the work, [128]Time magazine reported... Time magazine reported in January that OpenAI [129]relied on low-wage Kenyan laborers to label text that included hate speech or sexually abusive language so that its apps could do better at recognizing toxic content on their own. OpenAI has hired about 1,000 remote contractors in places such as Eastern Europe and Latin America to label data or train company software on computer engineering tasks, the online news outlet Semafor [130]reported in January... A spokesperson for OpenAI said no one was available to answer questions about its use of AI contractors. apply tags__________ 170896441 story [131]Programming [132]Swift Creator's Company Builds New Programming Language 'Mojo' - a Python Superset [133](www.fast.ai) [134]68 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @11:34AM from the Python++ dept. While working at Apple, Chris Lattner designed Swift to "fully leverage the power of LLVM," and "led a team for a while at Google to try to move Swift out of its Apple comfort zone, to become a replacement for Python in AI model development." That's [135]according to a blog post by Jeremy Howard, an advisor to Lattner's [136]Modular AI (which he co-founded in 2022 to build a next-generation AI platform for developers). "But sadly," Howard writes, Swift "did not receive the support it needed from either Apple or from Google, and it was not ultimately successful." And yet... [W]hilst at Google Chris did develop another project which became hugely successful: MLIR. MLIR is a replacement for LLVM's intermediate representation [or IR] for the modern age of many-core computing and AI workloads. It's critical for fully leveraging the power of hardware like GPUs, TPUs, and the vector units increasingly being added to server-class CPUs. So, if Swift was "syntax sugar for LLVM", what's "syntax sugar for MLIR"? The answer is: Mojo! [137]Mojo is a brand new language that's designed to take full advantage of MLIR. And also Mojo is Python. Wait what? OK let me explain. Maybe it's better to say Mojo is Python++. It will be (when complete) a strict superset of the Python language. But it also has additional functionality so we can write high performance code that takes advantage of modern accelerators... Whereas Swift was a brand new language packing all kinds of cool features based on latest research in programming language design, Mojo is, at its heart, just Python. This seems wise, not just because Python is already well understood by millions of coders, but also because after decades of use its capabilities and limitations are now well understood. Relying on the latest programming language research is pretty cool, but its potentially-dangerous speculation because you never really know how things will turn out... A key trick in Mojo is that you can opt in at any time to a faster "mode" as a developer, by using "fn" instead of "def" to create your function. In this mode, you have to declare exactly what the type of every variable is, and as a result Mojo can create optimised machine code to implement your function. Furthermore, if you use "struct" instead of "class", your attributes will be tightly packed into memory, such that they can even be used in data structures without chasing pointers around. These are the kinds of features that allow languages like C to be so fast, and now they're accessible to Python programmers too — just by learning a tiny bit of new syntax... I can't begin to describe all the little (and big!) ideas throughout Mojo's design and implementation — it's the result of Chris and his team's decades of work on compiler and language design and includes all the tricks and hard-won experience from that time — but what I can describe is an amazing result that I saw with my own eyes. Mojo hasn't been released to the public yet, (other than [138]an online "playground" with a waitlist where they're "rolling out access slowly.") But the blog post notes that creating a programming language's syntax is usually complex, error-prone, and controversial — a problem Mojo neatly avoids by "outsourcing" its syntax to an existing language, "which also happens to be the [139]most widely used language today." And "As a compiled language, Mojo's deployment story is basically the same as C," the post argues. [That is, "you can literally just make the compiled program available for direct download. It can be just 100k or so in size, and will launch and run quickly."] "This means that Mojo is far more than a language for AI/ML applications. It's actually a version of Python that allows us to write fast, small, easily-deployed applications that take advantage of all available cores and accelerators!" apply tags__________ 170894579 story [140]Linux [141]Linus Torvalds Cleaned Up the Intel LAM Code for Linux 6.4 [142](phoronix.com) [143]22 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @10:34AM from the ready-to-commit dept. Last week Linus Torvalds [144]personally cleaned up the x86 memory copy code for Linux 6.4, Phoronix reports — and this week "he's [145]merged more of his own code as he took issue with some of the code merged by Intel engineers as part of their Linear Address Masking enabling." Back during the Linux 6.2 days at the end of last year, [146]Linus rejected the Intel LAM code at the time for various technical issues. Intel then [147]reworked it for Linux 6.4. This time around [148]Linus merged Intel LAM into Linux 6.4 as this new CPU feature for letting user-space store metadata within some bits of pointers without masking it out before use. Intel LAM — like Arm TBI — can be of use to virtual machines, profiling / sanitizers / tagging, and other applications. But this time around there were some less than ideal code that he personally took to sprucing up... Torvalds reworked around one hundred lines of code for cleaning it up. It's fun to read Torvalds' [149]commit [150]messages (included in both Phoronix articles). Torvalds begins by writing that the LAM updates "made me unhappy about how 'access_ok()' was done, and it actually turned out to have a couple of small bugs in it too..." apply tags__________ 170895749 story [151]IT [152]OpenAI CEO: Fully Remote Work for Startups is 'One of the Tech Industry's Worst Mistakes' [153](fortune.com) [154]170 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @07:34AM from the remote-chances dept. ChatGPT creator OpenAI is now valued at nearly $30 billion, reports Fortune — adding that CEO Sam Altman "[155]still thinks startups are most effective when employees work together in an office." The idea of fully remote work becoming the norm has come and gone, he said this week at a fireside chat in San Francisco organized by the fintech company Stripe. "I think definitely one of the tech industry's worst mistakes in a long time was that everybody could go full remote forever, and startups didn't need to be together in person and, you know, there was going to be no loss of creativity," he told attendees. "I would say that the experiment on that is over, and the technology is not yet good enough that people can be full remote forever, particularly on startups." He isn't alone in his assessment. Many CEOs [156]have been demanding that remote employees spend more time in the office, among them Bob Iger at Disney, Howard Schultz at Starbucks, and Robert Thomson at News Corp. During the pandemic, remote work or a hybrid work schedule was the only option for many office workers — and many grew to prefer it to being in the office every workday. "I do not believe in remote work for startups," Keith Rabois, a general partner at venture capital firm Founders Fund, [157]told The Logan Bartlett Show last week, adding that neither he nor his firm would invest in a venture based on it. Younger workers, he noted, "learn by osmosis" in a way that requires in-person interaction, and supervisors discover hidden talent by watching them... Altman said, "I feel pretty strongly that startups need a lot of in-person time, and the more fragile and nuanced and uncertain a set of ideas are, the more time you need together in person." apply tags__________ 170895809 story [158]AI [159]What Happens When AI Tries to Generate a Pizza Commercial? [160](today.com) [161]54 Posted by EditorDavid on Sunday May 07, 2023 @03:34AM from the pepperoni-hug-spot dept. The Today show's food reporter [162]delivers a strange report on a viral [163]AI-generated ad "for an imaginary pizza place called 'Pepperoni Hug Spot'." Everything looks slightly ... off. Generated by AI, the audience is reminded constantly through the uncanny valley that the people aren't real — and neither is the pizza. "Cheese, pepperoni, vegetable, and more secret things," says the voiceover, which is also artificially generated... "Knock, knock, who's there? Pizza magic," the AI narrator says after a delivery driver (whose steering column is on the left side of his car) is shown delivering a pizza. "Eat Pepperoni Hug Spot pizza. Your tummy say 'Thank you.' Your mouth say, 'Mmm,'" the ad continues while showing a trio of women eating pizza in the oddest possible fashion, complete with bizarre cheese pulls and facial contortions out of a food-based nightmare. "Pepperoni Hug Spot: Like family, but with more cheese..." Using AI technologies Runway Gen2, Chat GPT4, Eleven Labs, Midjourney and Soundraw AI, the creator was able to produce the background music, voiceover, graphics, video and even generate the script for the ad. "I used Adobe After Effects to combine all the elements, adding title cards, transitions, and graphics," he adds... Seeing it spread, he whipped up a website that fit the uncanny vibe of the commercial and even [164]created merch including hats and T-shirts. "I figured I should capitalize on my 15 minutes of internet fame, right?" he jokes. Twitter CEO Elon Musk "simply [165]responded with an exploding head emoji." And Pizza Hut's official Twitter account [166]posted their reaction: "My heebies have been jeebied." UPDATE: Saturday Pizza Hut Canada "transformed" one of its restaurants into the restaurant from the commercial, emblazoning the logo for Pepperoni Hug Spot onto its boxes, employee t-shirts, and the sign outside. There's [167]two [168]videos on the official Instagram feed for Pizza Hut Canada (which for the occasion changed its tagline to "Like family, but with more cheese.") One video closes by promising the pizza does, indeed, contain "secret things." apply tags__________ [169]« Newer [170]Older » Slashdot Top Deals Slashdot Top Deals [171]Slashdot Deals Slashdot Poll Recently, an open letter signed by tech leaders, researchers proposes delaying AI development. Do you agree that AI development should be temporarily halted? (*) Yes ( ) No (BUTTON) vote now [172]Read the 60 comments | 12551 votes Looks like someone has already voted from this IP. If you would like to vote please login and try again. Recently, an open letter signed by tech leaders, researchers proposes delaying AI development. 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