Originally posted by the Voice of America. Voice of America content is produced by the Voice of America, a United States federal government-sponsored entity, and is in the public domain. Press Groups: Regulations, Violence Constrain Indonesia's Journalists Rio Tuasikal Leonard Triyono contributed to this report, which originated on [1]VOA Indonesia. JAKARTA, INDONESIA -- The Indonesian press continues to be constrained by regulations and acts of violence, according to Abdul Manan, chairperson of the [2]Alliance of Independent Journalists (AJI). "The government produced regulations that did not support freedom of the press, with which, as we are aware of in recent times, many have become the victims," he said last week on the sidelines of the AJI national conference on the challenges of journalism in the digital age. The regulations that have the potential to impede the press were ratified in 2014 by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the People's Representative Council (DPR), Regional People's Representatives Council (DPRD) and the Regional Representative Council (DPD). Known collectively as the MD3, the regulations regulate punishment for those who are charged with insulting the MPR, DPR, DPRD and DPD. Meanwhile, Indonesia's Amended Criminal Code contains 13 articles that can be used to silence criticism of the government, its policies and officials. However, the [3]Information and Electronic Transaction Law (ITE) originally passed in 2008 and amended in 2016 has been used against 14 journalists, seven media outlets, and dozens of private citizens between 2013 to 2018, according to data from the [4]Southeast Asian Freedom of Expression Network (SAFEnet). References 1. https://www.voaindonesia.com/ 2. https://gijn.org/member/alliance-of-independent-journalists/ 3. https://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/indonesia-revised-information-law-controversial/ 4. http://safenetvoice.org/ .