\documentclass[letterpaper,english]{article}
\nonstopmode
\akai
\usepackage{linuxdoc-sgml}
\usepackage{qwertz}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{t1enc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{epsfig}
\usepackage{null}
\def\addbibtoc{
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\title{ÈçºÎÔÚ Linux ÏÂÊ¹ÓÃÏ£²®À´Óï}
\author{×÷Õß: Yair G. Rajwan, \onlynameurl{{$<$}tt{$>$}yair@hobbes.jct.ac.il{$<$}/tt{$>$}}\\ 
ÒëÕß: Ôø»Ûº­ {\ttfamily azurlachesis@msn.com}}
\date{v0.4, 12 September 1995}
\abstract{Õâ·Ý³£¼ûÎÊ´ð¼¯ (FAQ)/HOWTO ÎÄ¼þ¸æËßÄãÈçºÎÐÞ¸ÄÄãµÄ Linux ÏµÍ³, ºÃÔÚ X-Windows ¼° Virtual Console ÖÐÊ¹ÓÃÏ£²®À´ÎÄ.
Äã¿ÉÒÔÔÚ \nameurl{http://shekel.jct.ac.il/~rajwan/Hebrew.html}{ÎÒµÄÍøÒ³} »ò {\ttfamily \nameurl{ftp://hobbes.jct.ac.il}{ftp://hobbes.jct.ac.il}} µÃµ½×îÐÂ°æ±¾µÄÏ£²®À´ÎÄ HOWTO.}


\begin{document}
\maketitle
\tableofcontents

\section{µ¼ÑÔ}

ËùÓÐ·ÇÃÀÏµÓ¢ÎÄµÄÓïÏµ, ÔÚ×÷ÓïÏµÉè¶¨Ê±¶¼»áÃæÁÙÁ½¸öÎÊÌâ:
\begin{enumerate}
\item  ÏÔÊ¾ÕýÈ·µÄ×ÖÔª (×ÖÐÍ) - Ï£²®À´ÎÄÊ¹ÓÃµÄ±ê×¼ÊÇ
{\ttfamily ISO-8859-8}.
\item  ¶ÔÓ¦¼üÅÌ×ÖÔª
\end{enumerate}


³ýÁË¶ÔÓ¦¼üÅÌÉÏµÄ¼üÍâ, ÏÔÊ¾Ï£²®À´ÎÄ»¹ÓÐÐí¶àÆäËûµÄÎÊÌâÒª½â¾ö (ÀýÈçÔÚ X-Windows ÖÐÓÉÓÒµ½×óÅÅ×Ö, »ò³Ê¶Ô³ÆÅÅÐòµÈ),
µ«Õâ·Ý HOWTO ÎÄ¼þ (¾ÍÄ¿Ç°ÎªÖ¹) Ö»×¨×¢ÔÚ×î»ù±¾µÄÎÊÌâÉÏ.

\label{ISO}Äã¿ÉÒÔ´ÓÆäËû¸÷ÖÖÓïÑÔ (ÀýÈçµÂÓï, µ¤ÂóÓïµÈ) µÄ HOWTO ÒÔ¼° ISO 8859-1 HOWTO ({\ttfamily \nameurl{ftp://ftp.vlsivie.tuwien.ac.at/pub/8bit}{ftp://ftp.vlsivie.tuwien.ac.at/pub/8bit} } FAQ-ISO-8859-1) µÃµ½¸ü¶à×ÊÑ¶.




\subsection{ÎÄ¼þ¸üÐÂ}

\begin{itemize}
\item ³õ°æ ÖÁ 0.2°æ.
Õâ·Ýµµ°¸µÄÄÚÈÝ´ó¶àÀ´×Ô Vlad Moseanu ËùÐ´µÄ³õ°æ.

\item 0.2°æ ÖÁ 0.3Beta °æ.
´Ó \nameurl{ftp://ftp.jer1.co.il/pub/software/msdos/communication}{ftp://ftp.jer1.co.il/pub/software/msdos/communication} ÎÄ¼þÖÐµÄ e-brew.zip archive ÀïÈ¡µÃÒ»Ð©ÐÂµÄ×ÊÁÏ,
Í¬Ê±½åÖø JCT Linux-il ³ÉÔ±µÄ°ïÖúÐÞÕýÁËÒ»Ð© bug.

\item 0.3Beta°æ to 0.4°æ.
°üº¬ÁËÔÚ³õ°æ·¢ÐÐáá, ËùÓÐ¼Äµ½ÎÒÐÅÏäÀï, ¹Øì¶Æ´×Ö/ÎÄ·¨¾ÀÕý, Tex-Xet, Mule ºÍ Vim µÄ×ÊÑ¶µÄÐÅ¼þ.

\end{itemize}





\subsection{¸ÐÐ»}

Õâ·Ý {\ttfamily HOWTO} ÎÄ¼þµÄ²úÉúÒª¹é¹¦ì¶È«Ìå Linux-il ³ÉÔ± - 'ÒÔÉ«ÁÐ Linux Ê¹ÓÃÕßÈº', ²¢ÌØ±ð¸ÐÐ»ÒÔÏÂÈËÊ¿:

        The Linux-il group      \onlynameurl{(Linux-il@hagiga.jct.ac.il)}

        Vlad Moseanu            \onlynameurl{(vlad@actcom.co.il)}

        Gili Granot             \onlynameurl{(gil@csc.cs.technion.ac.il)}

        Harvey J. Stein         \onlynameurl{(hjstein@math.huji.ac.il)}

        Dovie Adler             \onlynameurl{(dadler@hobbes.jct.ac.il)}

        Gavrie Philipson        \onlynameurl{(gavrie@shekel.jct.ac.il)}




\section{Ï£²®À´ÎÄµÄ×ÖÔª±ê×¼}


\subsection{ASCII}

Ê×ÏÈ, ÎÒÒªÈÏÕæµØÉêÃ÷Ò»¼þÊÂ: Ã»ÓÐËùÎ½ 8-bit ASCII ÕâÖÖ¶«Î÷. ASCII Ö»ÓÐ 7 ¸ö bit.
ÈÎºÎÊÇ 8 ¸ö bit µÄ×ÖÔªÂë¶¼²»¿ÉÄÜÊÇ ASCII, µ«¿ÉÒÔÊÇÁíÒ»ÖÖ×ÖÔª±ê×¼.
ISO-8859-8 ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ×ÖÔª±ê×¼, µ«²»ÊÇ ASCII. ÇëÅªÇå³þÕâÒ»µã!




\subsection{DOS Ï£²®À´ÎÄ}

Ï£²®À´ÎÄ×ÖÔª´Ó Aleph ÖÐÊ®½øÎ»µÄ 128 ¿ªÊ¼. Òò´Ë, ×ÖÂëÐèÒª 8 ¸ö bit.
ÔÚÄãµÄÓ°Ïñ¿¨ EPROM ÀïÓÐÖøËùÓÐ DOS-based µÄÏ£²®À´ÎÄ±à¼­Æ÷ (Qtext, HED, µÈ) ËùÊ¹ÓÃµÄÓ²Ìå×ÖÐÍ±í.




\subsection{ISO Ï£²®À´ÎÄ}

Ï£²®À´ÎÄ×ÖÔª´Ó Aleph ÖÐÊ®½øÎ»µÄ 224 ¿ªÊ¼. 
Õâ¸ö±ê×¼ÊÊÓÃì¶Íø¼ÊÍøÂ·, ¹ú¼Ê×ÖÔª±ê×¼, ÒÔ¼°Î¢ÈíÊÓ´°×÷ÒµÏµÍ³¼° Macintosh (Dagesh µÈ).




\subsection{¾É PC µÄÏ£²®À´ÎÄ}

ÕâÊÇÒ»¸öÊ¹ÓÃ 7 ¸ö bit ÇÒÒÑ±»ÌÔÌ­µÄ×ÖÔª±ê×¼.
ËüËùÊ¹ÓÃµÄ×ÖÂë¡õÎ§ºÍ ASCII ÖÐÓ¢ÎÄÐ¡Ð´×ÖÄ¸ÏàÍ¬, Òò´Ë²»½¨ÒéÄãÊ¹ÓÃËü.
È»¶ø, µ±Ä³Ð©ÎÞÖªµÄ Unix ÓÊ¼þ³ÌÊ½½«ÄãµÄ ISO Ï£²®À´ÎÄ×ÖÔªÖÐµÄ×î¸ß bit È¥µôÊ±
(ÕâÊ±Äã¾Í»áÔÚÐÅ¼þÖÐÏ£²®À´ÎÄµÄ²¿·Ý¿´µ½Ò»¶Ñ»ìÔÓÖøÆæ¹ÖÓ¢ÎÄ×ÖÄ¸µÄ¶«Î÷), 
Äã¾Í»áµÃµ½ÏñÕâÑùÒ»¸ö 7-bit µÄÍæÒâ¶ù; ÕâÊ±, ÄãµÃ°ÑËü×ª»»³É PC »ò ISO.
Èç¹ûÔÚÏ£²®À´ÎÄÖÐ¼ÐÔÓÁËÓ¢ÎÄ, ±¯¾ç±ãì¶ÑÉµ®Éú - 
ÄãÈç¹û²»ÊÇ»á¿´µ½Ï£²®À´ÎÄ¼ÓÉÏÂÒÂë, ¾ÍÊÇÂÒÂë¼ÓÓ¢ÎÄ...




\subsection{×ÖÔª±ê×¼×ª»»}

ÒÔÏÂÊÇÒ»Ð©×ö×ÖÔª±ê×¼×ª»»µÄ¼òµ¥ÃüÁî¸å (scripts):
\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
DOS - ISO:      tr '\200-\232' '\340-\372' < {dos_file} > {iso_file}
ISO - DOS:      tr '\340-\372' '\200-\232' < {iso_file} > {dos_file}
OLD - DOS:      tr -z '\200-\232' < {old_Hebrew_file} > {dos_file}
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


×¢Òâ:  {\ttfamily tr} Ê¹ÓÃµÄÊý×ÖÊÇ°Ë½øÎ»µÄ!




\section{Virtual Consoles (VCs)}

Slackware µÄÃ¿¸ö°æ±¾¶¼°üº¬ kbd. 
Õâ¸ö°ü¹üÔÚ Slackware Àï½Ð×ö keytbls(a4 in 2.3.0 - kbd 0.90). 
Joel Hoffman ½«ËûËùÐ´µÄÏ£²®À´ÎÄ×ÖÐÍºÍ keymap ·ÅÔÚµµ°¸ codepage.tar.Z ÖÐ.
ÇëÔÚ /usr/lib/kbd Ä¿Â¼ÏÂÕÒµ½µµÃû¸ñÊ½Îª iso08.* µÄµµ°¸. 
ÕâÐ©°üº¬ ISO 8859-8 ¼°Ï£²®À´ÎÄµÄ keytables ºÍ map.

ÔÚ /etc/rc.d/rc.local ¼ÓÈëÒÔÏÂ¾ä×Ó:
\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
-----
#!/bin/sh
#       Put any local setup commands in here
#
INITTY=/dev/tty[1-6]
PATH=/sbin:/etc:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
#
#       kbd - Set the the console font and keyboard
#       set numlock and set metabit mode on tty1 .. tty8
for tty in $INITTY
do
#       setleds -D +num < $tty > /dev/null
        setmetamode metabit < $tty > /dev/null
done
#       Latin8(Hebrew) keyboard/console
setfont iso08.f16
mapscrn trivial
loadkeys Hebrew
#       enable mapping
for tty in $INITTY
do
        echo -n -e "\\033(K" >$tty
done
-----
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


×¢Òâ: ÈôÊ¹ÓÃ X Windows, ÇëÐ¡ÐÄÊ¹ÓÃ "setleds", Ëü¿ÉÄÜ»áÊ¹ X ËÅ·þÆ÷µ±µô.



ÒÔÉÏµÄÉè¶¨·½Ê½ÊÊÓÃì¶Ï£²®À´ÎÄ°æµÄ pico (pine), Ò²¿ÉÒÔÔÚ ISO 8859-8 Hebrew (X Windows, MS Windows) ÖÐÕýÈ·ÏÔÊ¾.




\section{Éè¶¨ X Windows - XFree86 3.1}


\subsection{Ï£²®À´ÎÄ×ÖÐÍ}

XFree86 3.1 º¬ÓÐÁ½ÖÖÏ£²®À´ÎÄ×ÖÐÍ: heb6x13 ºÍ heb8x13. Äã¿ÉÒÔ´ÓÍøÉÏÕÒµ½ÆäËü×ÖÐÍ:
\begin{itemize}
\item \label{heb-fonts}snunit-project archive \nameurl{ftp://snunit.huji.ac.il/pub/fonts/}{ftp://snunit.huji.ac.il/pub/fonts/} Ìá¹©web Type1 fonts (²¿·ÝµÄ Helvetica/David style 
ºÍ Courier/Shalom Stick style), ÊÊºÏÓÃì¶ Netscape ä¯ÀÀÏ£²®À´ÎÄÍøÒ³.
\item Avner Lottem, (\onlynameurl{lottem@techUnix.technion.ac.il}) ÔÚ´Ë·ÅÁËÒ»Ð© Hebrew-ISO 8859-8 ×ÖÐÍ:
\nameurl{ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts/}{ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts/hebxfonts-0.1.tgz}, 
´Ë×ÖÐÍÊÊºÏÓÃì¶ X-Windows (Çë¼ÇµÃ¿´ËûµÄ README µµ).
\end{itemize}





\subsection{°²×°×ÖÐÍ\label{install-fonts}}

\begin{itemize}
\item \label{X11-Fonts}Fonts exaptable: pcf (Portable Compiled Format), 
bdf (Bitmap Distribution Format), pfb (Type1 fonts).
\item ½«×ÖÐÍÒÆµ½Ä³¸öÒÑ´æÔÚµÄÄ¿Â¼ÏÂ (/usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc) »ò×Ô¼ºÁíÍâ½¨Á¢Ò»¸öÄ¿Â¼ (/usr/lib/X11/fonts/Hebrew). 
½«×ÖÐÍÑ¹Ëõ³É *.Z (²»ÊÇ GZIP!!!) ÒÔ½ÚÊ¡¿Õ¼ä.
\item Ö´ÐÐ {\ttfamily mkfontdir} ÒÔ½¨Á¢/ÖØÐÂ½¨Á¢ {\ttfamily fonts.dir} Ä¿Â¼²¢±à¼­ {\ttfamily fonts.alias} (optional) ÒÔ¶¨ÒåÐÂµÄ alias.
\item ¶Ô Type1 ×ÖÐÍ¶øÑÔ, {\ttfamily mkfontdir} ²»»á×öÈÎºÎÊÂ. 
Äã±ØÐë×Ô¼º½«×ÖÐÍ¼Óµ½ {\ttfamily fonts.dir}.
\item È·¶¨Ä¿Â¼´æÔÚì¶ X ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄÂ·¾¶ÖÐ.
±à¼­ XF86Config ²¢¼ÓÈëÕýÈ·µÄÂ·¾¶ -- FontPath 
"/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/...". 
\end{itemize}





\subsection{ÔÚ X-Windows Ó¦ÓÃ³ÌÊ½ÖÐÊ¹ÓÃÏ£²®À´×ÖÐÍ.}

¼òµ¥À´Ëµ, ÄãÐèÒª×öÒ»Ð©Éè¶¨.




\subsubsection{Xterm}

ÔÚ \$HOME/.Xresources ÖÐ¼ÓÈëÒÔÏÂ¾ä×Ó:

{\ttfamily xterm*font:  heb8x13}\label{xterm-font}

»òÖ±½ÓÒÔ {\ttfamily xterm -fn heb8x13} Æô¶¯ Xterm.
ÉÏÃæËùÌá¹©µÄ×ÖÐÍ·Ç³£µØÐ¡, ÇëÁíÑ°Ò»¸ö¸üºÃµÄ...
Çë²Î¿¼¹Øì¶Æô¶¯ X11 µÄÒâ¼ûÓë¡õÀý.


\subsubsection{Netscape}

Ò»°ãÀ´Ëµ, Äã¿ÉÒÔÊ¹ÓÃ \ref{heb-fonts} {(snunit - webfonts)} µÄ×ÖÐÍ, °´ÕÕ \ref{install-fonts} {(´Ë´¦ËùÖ¸Ê¾)} ½øÐÐ°²×°, ²¢ÔÚÄãµÄ {\ttfamily .Xdefaults} Ä¿Â¼»òÊÇ app-defaults/Netscape Àï¼ÓÈëÒÔÏÂµÄÔ¤Éè: 
\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
----
*documentFonts.latin1.variable.italic*slant:            r
*documentFonts.latin1.variable.boldItalic*slant:        r
*documentFonts.latin1.variable*family:                  web
*documentFonts.latin1.fixed*family:                     webmono
*documentFonts.latin1*registry:                         iso8859
*documentFonts.latin1*encoding:                         8
----
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}

Ò»°ãÀ´Ëµ, ÈÎºÎ \ref{X11-Fonts} {(ÈçÔÚ´Ë´¦ËùÊö)}, Îª X11 ËùÖ§Ô®µÄ×ÖÐÍ (³ýÁË webfonts Ö®Íâ) ¶¼¿ÉÒÔ±»½ÓÊÜ.


\subsection{¶ÔÓ¦¼üÅÌ×ÖÔª.}

ÒòÎªÄ³ÖÖÔµ¹Ê, X ËÅ·þÆ÷²¢²»»á¼Ì³ÐÉÏÆªËùÊöµÄ keymap; ²»¹ýÃ»¹ØÏµ, ÒòÎªÎÒÒ²´òËãÒªÁíÍâ¶¨Òå×ó ALT, ÓÒ ALT, ºÍ Scroll Lock ¼ü.
µ± ALT ºÍÄ³¸ö¼ü±»Ò»Æð°´ÏÂ, ¾Í»á²úÉúÏ£²®À´ÎÄ×ÖÔª; Scroll Lock »á½«¼üÅÌËø¶¨ÔÚÏ£²®À´ÎÄÊäÈëÄ£Ê½.

ÎÒÃÇ±ØÐëÊ¹ÓÃ {\ttfamily xmodmap}. ½ÓÖøÎÒÃÇÐèÓÃ Xmodmap À´¸üÕýÊ¹ÓÃ "Num Lock" µÄ bug.
\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
-----
! (ÃÀÊ½/Ï£²®À´Óï¼üÅÌÓÃ) XFree86 µÄÏ£²®À´Óï key mapping
! ×÷Õß: Vlad Moseanu
!
keysym Alt_L = Mode_switch
keysym Alt_R = Mode_switch
!clear Mod1
clear Mod2
!add Mod1 = Alt_L
add Mod2 = Mode_switch
!
! ÎªÃ¿¸ö¼ü×ö mapping
!
keycode   8 =
keycode   9 = Escape
keycode  10 = 1 exclam
keycode  11 = 2 at
keycode  12 = 3 numbersign
keycode  13 = 4 dollar
keycode  14 = 5 percent
keycode  15 = 6 asciicircum
keycode  16 = 7 ampersand
keycode  17 = 8 asterisk
keycode  18 = 9 parenleft
keycode  19 = 0 parenright
keycode  20 = minus underscore
keycode  21 = equal plus
keycode  22 = Delete
keycode  23 = Tab
keycode  24 = q Q slash Q
keycode  25 = w W apostrophe W
keycode  26 = e E 0x00f7 E 
keycode  27 = r R 0x00f8 R 
keycode  28 = t T 0x00e0 T 
keycode  29 = y Y 0x00e8 Y 
keycode  30 = u U 0x00e5 U 
keycode  31 = i I 0x00ef I 
keycode  32 = o O 0x00ed O 
keycode  33 = p P 0x00f4 P 
keycode  34 = bracketleft braceleft
keycode  35 = bracketright braceright
keycode  36 = Return
keycode  37 = Control_L
keycode  38 = a A 0x00f9 A 
keycode  39 = s S 0x00e3 S 
keycode  40 = d D 0x00e2 D 
keycode  41 = f F 0x00eb F 
keycode  42 = g G 0x00f2 G 
keycode  43 = h H 0x00e9 H 
keycode  44 = j J 0x00e7 J 
keycode  45 = k K 0x00ec K 
keycode  46 = l L 0x00ea L 
keycode  47 = semicolon colon 0x00f3 colon 
keycode  48 = apostrophe quotedbl comma quotedbl
keycode  49 = grave asciitilde semicolon asciitilde
keycode  50 = Shift_L
keycode  51 = backslash bar
keycode  52 = z Z 0x00e6 Z 
keycode  53 = x X 0x00f1 X 
keycode  54 = c C 0x00e1 C 
keycode  55 = v V 0x00e4 V 
keycode  56 = b B 0x00f0 B 
keycode  57 = n N 0x00ee N 
keycode  58 = m M 0x00f6 M 
keycode  59 = comma less 0x00fa less 
keycode  60 = period greater 0x00f5 greater 
keycode  61 = slash question period question
keycode  62 = Shift_R
keycode  63 = KP_Multiply
!keycode  64 = Alt_L Meta_L
keycode  65 = space
keycode  66 = Caps_Lock
keycode  67 = F1
keycode  68 = F2
keycode  69 = F3
keycode  70 = F4
keycode  71 = F5
keycode  72 = F6
keycode  73 = F7
keycode  74 = F8
keycode  75 = Escape
keycode  76 = F10
keycode  77 = Num_Lock
keycode  78 = Scroll_Lock
keycode  79 = KP_7
keycode  80 = KP_8
keycode  81 = KP_9
keycode  82 = KP_Subtract
keycode  83 = KP_4
keycode  84 = KP_5
keycode  85 = KP_6
keycode  86 = KP_Add
keycode  87 = KP_1
keycode  88 = KP_2
keycode  89 = KP_3
keycode  90 = KP_0
keycode  91 = KP_Decimal
keycode  92 = Sys_Req
keycode  93 =
keycode  94 =
keycode  95 = F11
keycode  96 = F12
keycode  97 = Home
keycode  98 = Up
keycode  99 = Prior
keycode 100 = Left
keycode 101 = Begin
keycode 102 = Right
keycode 103 = End
keycode 104 = Down
keycode 105 = Next
keycode 106 = Insert
keycode 107 = Delete
keycode 108 = KP_Enter
keycode 109 = Control_R
keycode 110 = Pause
keycode 111 = Print
keycode 112 = KP_Divide
!keycode 113 = Alt_R Meta_R
keycode 114 = Break
!
!ÍòÒ» XF86Config ÖÐÓÐÉè¶¨ "ServerNumLock" ¼ü, Õâ¸ö xmodmap µµ°¸¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´Éè¶¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊý×Ö¼ü¶ÔÓ¦±í.
!ÔÚÕâÖÖÇé¿öÏÂ, Xserver ¸ºÔð Num Lock µÄ´¦Àí.
!
!
keycode  136 = KP_7
keycode  137 = KP_8
keycode  138 = KP_9
keycode  139 = KP_4
keycode  140 = KP_5
keycode  141 = KP_6
keycode  142 = KP_1
keycode  143 = KP_2
keycode  144 = KP_3
keycode  145 = KP_0
keycode  146 = KP_Decimal
keycode  147 = Home
keycode  148 = Up
keycode  149 = Prior
keycode  150 = Left
keycode  151 = Begin
keycode  152 = Right
keycode  153 = End
keycode  154 = Down
keycode  155 = Next
keycode  156 = Insert
keycode  157 = Delete
-----
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


ÓûÊ¹ÓÃÉÏÊöµÄ Xmodmap, ÇëÔÚ XF86Config ÖÐ¶¨Òå "Scroll-Lock Mode-Lock".




\subsection{ÕûºÏÒÔÉÏËùÓÐµÄÎÄ¼þÄÚÈÝ, ÒÔ¼°¡õÀý.}

Èç¹ûÄãÊ¹ÓÃ xdm, ÄÇ÷áÄãµÄ \$HOME/.xsession Ó¦»á¿´ÆðÀ´ÏñÕâÑù:
\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
-----
#!/bin/sh
# $XConsortium: Xsession,v 1.9 92/08/29 16:24:57 gildea Exp $
# 
# General defs
#
export OPENWINHOME=/usr/openwin
export MANPATH=/usr/local/man:/usr/man/preformat:/usr/man:/usr/X11R6/man
#export HOSTNAME="`cat /etc/HOSTNAME`"
export PATH="/bin: /usr/bin: /usr/X11/bin: /usr/X386/bin: /usr/TeX/bini: /usr/local/bin: /usr/games:."
LESS=-MM
if [ -z $XAPPLRESDIR ]; then
        XAPPLRESDIR=/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults:/usr/local/lib/X11/app-defaults
else
        XAPPLRESDIR=$XAPPLRESDIR:/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults
fi
export XAPPLRESDIR
#
sysresources=/usr/lib/X11/Xresources
sysmodmap=/usr/lib/X11/Xmodmap
resources=$HOME/.Xresources
xmodmap=$HOME/.Xmodmap
if [ -f $sysresources ]; then
        xrdb -merge $sysresources
fi
if [ -f $sysmodmap ]; then
        xmodmap $sysmodmap
fi
if [ -f $resources ]; then
        xrdb -merge $resources
fi
if [ -f $xmodmap ]; then
        xmodmap $xmodmap
fi
#
# Start applications
#
# xterm -ls -sb &
xhost +                 # look out !!!
exec fvwm
-----
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


Èç¹ûÄãÆ«ºÃÊ¹ÓÃ {\ttfamily startx}, ÇëÔÚ {\ttfamily .xinitrc} ÖÐÊ¹ÓÃÒÔÉÏµÄÉè¶¨.




\section{Shells Éè¶¨}

Çë²ÎÔÄ \ref{ISO} {(ISO 8859-1)} HOWTO ÒÔ»ñµÃ¸ü¶à×ÊÑ¶.




\subsection{bash}

½¨Á¢Ò»¸öµµ°¸ \$HOME/.inputrc ²¢ÔÚÄÚÈÝ¼ÓÈëÒÔÏÂ¾ä×Ó:

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
-----
set meta-flag On
set convert-meta Off
set output-meta On
-----
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}





\subsection{tcsh}

ÔÚ \$HOME/.login »ò /etc/csh.login ÖÐ¼ÓÈëÒÔÏÂ¶¨Òå:
{\ttfamily      setenv LANG iw\_IL.ISO8859-8 (or iw\_IL)}
ÊÂÊµÉÏ, ÒòÎª binary version µÄ tcsh ²¢²»×ñÊØ nls, Äã¿ÉÒÔ½« LANG ÉèÎªÈÎºÎ¶«Î÷ (²»ÐèÒª /usr/lib/nls...) ¶ø²»»áÓÐÈÎºÎÎÊÌâ.
lang.name ²¢»áÏÔÊ¾ÎÒµÄ Digital bias...




\section{Ó¦ÓÃ³ÌÊ½}


\subsection{Vim}

\begin{itemize}
\item Vim ÊÇÒ»¸ö¸ÄÉÆ¹ýµÄ Vi ±à¼­Æ÷, °üº¬Ò»Ð©¸ü¸ß½×µÄÖ¸Áî, ²¢Ö§Ô®Ï£²®À´Óï. ËüµÄ´´ÔìÕßÊÇ Dov Grobgeld (HED µÄ×«Ð´Õß).
\item Avner Lottem ·¢ÐÐÁËÁíÒ»¸ö Vim µÄ patch, \onlynameurl{lottem@techunix.technion.ac.il}, Äã¿ÉÒÔ´Ó \nameurl{ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/editors/vi/vim3.0-rlh0.1.tgz}{ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/editors/vi/vim3.0-rlh0.1.tgz} »ñµÃ.
\item Çë²ÎÔÄ \nameurl{http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/~gil/var.html}{http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/\~{}gil/var.html} ÒÔ»ñµÃ¸ü¶à×ÊÑ¶.
\end{itemize}



\subsection{Ï£²®À´Óï pine ºÍ pico}

\label{horizon}CC-huji µÄ Helen Zommer ÐÞ¸ÄÁË pine ºÍ pine Ëù¸½¼ÓµÄ pico ±à¼­Æ÷.
ÈçÔÚ³ÌÊ½ÖÐ·¢ÏÖ bug, Äã¿ÉÒÔ¼ÄÐÅµ½ \onlynameurl{pineh-bug@horizon.cc.huji.ac.il}. ³ÌÊ½¿É´Ó \nameurl{ftp://horizon.cc.huji.ac.il/pub}{ftp://horizon.cc.huji.ac.il/pub} ÏÂÔØ.




\subsection{Ò»Ð© emac µÄÏ£²®À´Óï port.}

\begin{itemize}
\item Joseph Friedman Ð´µÄÏ£²®À´Óï°ü¹ü. 
ÕâÀïÍ·°üº¬Ò»Ð© BDF ¸ñÊ½µÄÏ£²®À´Óï×ÖÐÍ, emacs 18.58 µÄ patch, ºÍÒ»¸ö elisp °ü¹ü. 
Õâ¸ö°ü¹üºÜ²»´í, Ö»ÊÇÃ»ÈËÔÚÓÃ emacs 18.* ÁË. ¿ÉÒÔ´ÓÕâÀïÈ¡µÃ: 
\nameurl{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/misc/Hebrew.tar.Z}{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/misc/Hebrew.tar.Z}.
\item Ò»¸ö·Ç³£¼òµ¥µÄÏ£²®À´Óï°ü¹ü, Ö»°üº¬Ê¹ÓÎ±êÓÉÓÒÒÆÖÁ×óµÄ¹¦ÄÜÖ§Ô®ºÍÓÒÖÁ×óµÄÅÅÐò¹¦ÄÜ. 
²»ÐèÒªÈÎºÎ FSF emacs19 µÄ patch ¼´¿ÉÔË×÷.
¿É´ÓÕâÀïÈ¡µÃ:
\nameurl{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/misc/Hebrew.el.Z}{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/misc/Hebrew.el.Z}.
\item emac µÄ·ÖÖ§Ö®Ò» - MULE (Multi Lingual Emacs) Ö§Ô®´óÁ¿ÓïÏµ, °üÀ¨Ï£²®À´Óï.
¿ÉÒÔË³ÀûÔÚ Linux ÏÂ±àÒëÖ´ÐÐ.
ÕâÊÇÒ»¸öÍêÕûµÄ Emacs ³ÌÊ½, ¾ß±¸Ï£²®À´ÓïÖ§Ô®¼°Ë«Ïò±à¼­¹¦ÄÜ. ¿É´ÓÕâÀïÈ¡µÃ: \nameurl{ftp://kelim.jct.ac.il/pub/Hebrew}{ftp://kelim.jct.ac.il/pub/Hebrew}
\end{itemize}





\subsection{Dosemu}

ÔÚ VC Dosemu ÖÐ, Äã¿ÉÒÔ´ÓÄãµÄ EPROM Ó°Ïñ¿¨È¡µÃÏ£²®À´Óï×ÖÐÍ. 
ÈôÄãÃ»ÓÐ, ¿ÉÒÔ´Ó EGA Ö§Ô®µ½ VGA Ï£²®À´ÓïÖ§Ô®ÖÐÈ¡µÃ³ä×ãµÄÏ£²®À´Óï DOS ×ÖÐÍ.

ÓûÈ¡µÃ X-Windows Ö§Ô®, ÇëÏÂÔØ: 
\nameurl{ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts/hebxfonts-0.1.tgz}{ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts/hebxfonts-0.1.tgz}
ÕâÀï°üº¬Ò»¸ö½Ð vgah.pcf µÄ×ÖÐÍ; Çë½«Ëü°²×°µ½ \ref{install-fonts} {(´Ë´¦ËùÊö)} µÄÄ¿Â¼ÏÂ.




\subsection{XHTerm}

ÔÚÆÕÍ¨µÄ X-Term ³ÌÊ½ÖÐ, ÓÐÒ»¸öÏ£²®À´Óï×ÖÐÍµÄÖ÷ port - XHTerm =  xterm +  Ï£²®À´ÓïÖ§Ô®. 
Danny \onlynameurl{{$<$}tt{$>$}danny@cs.huji.ac.il{$<$}/tt{$>$}} Îª SUN Ð´ÁËÕâ¸ö port µÄ patch.
Evgeny Ð´ÁËÒ»Ð©ÔÚ Linux »·¾³ÏÂÊ¹ÓÃÕâ¸ö port µÄ patch.
ËûËù·¢ÐÐµÄ°æ±¾ÀïÓ¦ÓÐÒ»¸ö¹© X11R5 ºÍ X11R6 Ê¹ÓÃ, ÒÑ¾­±àÒëºÃµÄ XHTerm.
Ê¹ÓÃ xhterm Ê±, ÄãÓ¦Ê¹ÓÃ {\ttfamily -fn} Ñ¡Ïî, ¼ÓÉÏ \ref{xterm-font} {(ÕâÀïËùÐðÊö)} µÄÏ£²®À´Óï×ÖÐÍ!
Äã¿É´Ó \nameurl{ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/local/xhterm}{ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/local/xhterm} µÃµ½ Danny Îª SUN Ð´µÄ patch.
ÖÁì¶ Evgeny Stambulchik Ð´µÄ patch ÔòÔÚ
\nameurl{ftp://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/linux}{ftp://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/linux}
´ÓÕâÀïÄã¿ÉÒÔµÃµ½Îå¸ö \ref{install-fonts} {(°üº¬ÔÚpatchÄÚµÄ×ÖÐÍ)}: {\ttfamily [heb10x20.pcf, heb6x13.bdf, heb6x13.pcf, heb8x13.bdf, heb8x13.pcf]}




\subsection{TeX--XeT - Ï£²®À´Óï Tex.}

ÔÚ Tex ÖÐÊ¹ÓÃÏ£²®À´Óï×î´óµÄÄÑÌâÊÇ: ×ÖÔªÓ¦ºÍ Visual ÅÅÁÐÏÔÊ¾³ÊÏà·´·½Ïò (Ò²¾ÍÊÇËµ, pico ½«×ÖÔªÓÉÓÒµ½×óÅÅÁÐ).
×îºÃµÄ·½·¨¾ÍÊÇÈ¡µÃÆÕÍ¨µÄ emacs ºÍ XHterm, ±ã¿ÉÒÔÓÉ×óµ½ÓÒ×«Ð´Ï£²®À´Óï (·´¹ýÀ´Ò²ÐÐ).

ÔÚ sunsite (v1.5) ÓÐËùÓÐ×îÐÂµÄ NTeX °æ±¾, °üÀ¨ÒÑÏÈÎª Linux Ê¹ÓÃÕß±àÒëºÃµÄ TeX--XeT. ÍøÖ·ÊÇ
\nameurl{ftp://sunsite.unc.edu.gz/pub/Linux/apps/tex/ntex}{ftp://sunsite.unc.edu.gz/pub/Linux/apps/tex/ntex}. 
¾É°æ±¾µÄ TeX--XeT ¿É´Ó
\nameurl{ftp://noa.huji.ac.il/tex}{ftp://noa.huji.ac.il/tex} È¡µÃ. 
È»¶øÕâ¸ö¾ÉµÄ°æ±¾±ØÐë±»ÖØÐÂ±àÒë¹ý (²»½¨ÒéÊ¹ÓÃ).

ÒÔÉÏµÄ TeX °æ±¾ÔÚ LaTeX2.09 ÖÐ¶¼ÄÜÕý³£ÔË×÷. 
È»¶øÔÚÏÖÔÚÍ¨ÐÐµÄ±ê×¼ LaTeX2e °æ±¾¾Í»áÓÐÎÊÌâ.
Alon Ziv \onlynameurl{(alonz@csa.cs.technion.ac.il)} Ä¿Ç°ÕýÊ¹ÓÃ Babel ÓïÏµÀ´Ê¹ LaTeX2e Ö§Ô®Ï£²®À´Óï. 
ÎÒ²»ÖªµÀËûµÄ¹¤×÷½ø¶ÈÈçºÎ - ×Ô¼ºÈ¥ÎÊËû°É!




\section{Éè¶¨Ó¡±í»ú}

Èç¹ûÄãÓÐ¸ö³£¹æµÄ ASCII ÐÐÊ½´òÓ¡»ú, ÄãµÄ {\ttfamily EPROM} ¾§Æ¬ÀïÀíÓ¦»áÓÐÏ£²®À´Óï×ÖÐÍ.

ÈôÊ¹ÓÃ PostScript, ÇëÏÂÔØÓ¡±í»úÓÃµÄ×ÖÐÍ (Äã¿ÉÒÔÓÃ \ref{heb-fonts} {(ÉÔÔçÌá¹ý)} µÄÄÇÐ© Web fonts. Ghostscript Ò²ÄÜÓÃÄÇÐ©×ÖÐÍ.

Èç¹ûÄãÓÃµÄÊÇ PCL Ó¡±í»ú(ÀýÈçÀ×ÉäÓ¡±í»ú), Äã¿ÉÒÔÓÃ×ÖÐÍ¿¨Ï»»òÊÇ Ghostscript.




\section{ÉÌÒµÈíÌå.}


\subsection{El-Mar ÈíÌå.}

Ö§Ô®Ï£²®À´ÓïµÄ X-Windows \& Motif ÊÇ El-Mar Software ¹«Ë¾µÄ²úÆ·. 
Õâ¸öÈíÌåÔÚ X-Windows ¼° Motif µÄÐí¶à²¿·ÝÖÐ¼ÓÈëÏ£²®À´Óï¹¦ÄÜ, °üÀ¨ Xlib, ËùÓÐ Motif µÄ½çÃæ¹¤¾ß¼¯, hterm (Hebrew hterm),
¡õÀý, ºÍ¼òµ¥ÓÐÓÃµÄÓ¦ÓÃ³ÌÊ½ (ÏñÊÇË«ÓïÏµµÄ Motif ±à¼­Æ÷), ×ÖÐÍ(°üÀ¨ Type1), ¼üÅÌ¹ÜÀíÔ± (¿ÉÒÔÈÃ·Ç-Motif Ó¦ÓÃ³ÌÊ½Ê¹ÓÃÏ£²®À´ÓïºÍ push-mode), µÈµÈ.

½ö¹ÜÈíÌåÄÜÎª Motif µÄ½çÃæ¹¤¾ß¼¯ÌíÔöÐí¶àÐÂµÄ¹¦ÄÜ,  ÕâÏîÖ§Ô®È´²»»áÐÞ¸Äµ½ Motif µÄÄÚ²¿×ÊÁÏ½á¹¹;
ËùÒÔÄÇÐ©ÔÚ·ÇÏ£²®À´Óï»·¾³ºÍ library ÏÂ±»±àÒëÁ¬½áµÄ³ÌÊ½, Ö»ÐèÒª±»ÖØÐÂÁ¬½á (²»ÐèÒªÔÙ±àÒë!), È»ááÒÔÏ£²®À´ÓïÖ§Ô®Æô¶¯¼´¿É.
(Äã¿ÉÒÔÖ±½ÓÌæ»»µô shared-libraries, ÕâÑùÒ»À´, ¸ù±¾²»ÐèÒªÖØÐÂÁ¬½á!)

ÁíÒ»¸ö½Ð×÷ Motif/Xplorer ¹¤¾ß¿ÉÒÔÈÃÄã°ÑÉÌÒµÈíÌå (°üº¬ source) Ò»Æð×ªÒë³ÉÏ£²®À´Óï. 
Ðí¶àÔÚÒÔÉ«ÁÐÏúÊÛµÄ¶¥¼â UNIX ¹¤¾ßÈíÌå, ÖîÈç Oracle Forms 4, Intellicorp's Kappa, OMW, ºÍ CA-Unicenter ¶¼ÊÇÕâÑùÈ¡µÃÏ£²®À´ÓïÖ§Ô®µÄ.
´ó²¿·ÝµÄ¹¤×÷Õ¾ÈíÌåÒµÕß (¹²ÓÐ 9 ¸ö, °üÀ¨¹æÄ£×î´óµÄ Sun, HP, SGI) ¶¼½ÓÊÜÕâ¸öÈíÌå. 
ÈíÌåÖÐ°üº¬ 30 ¸öÒÔÉÏ×÷ÒµÆ½Ì¨ºÍ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³µÄ Makefile.

ÎÒÃÇÖ»ÏàÐÅ¿ª·Å³ÌÊ½Âë, ÈÃÊ¹ÓÃÕßµÃµ½ÍêÕû source code µÄÈíÌå.
ÎÒÃÇºÍ´ËÁìÓòµÄÏÈÇ÷, °üÀ¨ X-Consortium ¼° COSE µÄ¼¼Êõ²¿ÃÅ¶¼ÓÐÖøÁ¼ºÃµÄ¹ØÏµ.

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
Eli Marmor
El-Mar Software Ltd.
Voice: 050-237338
FAX: 09-984279
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}

\onlynameurl{marmor@sunshine.cs.biu.ac.il}

P.S.: Ö§Ô®°¢À­²®ÓïµÄ  X-Windows \& Motif Ô¤¼ÆÔÚÒ»ÔÂ»á·¢²¼. Ó¢Óï, Ï£²®À´Óï, ¼°°¢À­²®Óï½«»áÒÔ 8-bit ±íÊ¾, ²¢°üÀ¨Õû×éµÄ°¢À­²®×ÖÐÎ!




\section{Íø¼ÊÍøÂ·ÉÏµÄÏ£²®À´Óï×ÊÑ¶}


\subsection{WWW}

\begin{itemize}
\item Jerusalem 1 - ÓÐºÜ¶à UNIX ºÍÆäËû×÷ÒµÆ½Ì¨Àï, ¹Øì¶Ï£²®À´ÓïµÄ³ÌÊ½ºÍ FAQ. 
\nameurl{http://www.jer1.co.il}{http://www.jer1.co.il}.
\item Gili Granot µÄÏ£²®À´Óï×ÊÁÏ¿âÍøÒ³ - ×ÜÀ¨ÍøÉÏ¸÷ÖÖ¹Øì¶Ï£²®À´ÓïµÄ¸÷Ê½µµ°¸. 
\nameurl{http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/~gil}{http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/\~{}gil}.
\item Gavrie µÄ¹Øì¶Ï£²®À´ÓïµÄ ftp Õ¾: \nameurl{ftp://kelim.jct.ac.il}{ftp://kelim.jct.ac.il}
\end{itemize}





\subsection{Gopher}

\begin{itemize}
\item \nameurl{gopher://shekel.jct.ac.il}{gopher://shekel.jct.ac.il} ÓÐ¿É²éÑ°Ï£²®À´Óïµ¥×ÖµÄÏ£²®À´Óï Gopher.
\end{itemize}





\subsection{Ftp}

\begin{itemize}
\item \nameurl{ftp://noa.huji.ac.il/tex}{ftp://noa.huji.ac.il/tex} ÓÐÒ»Ð© Tex-Xet ³ÌÊ½ºÍ¸ø PC Óë UNIX µÄ Tex Ï£²®À´ÓïÖ§Ô®.
\item \ref{horizon} {(Horizon Site)} ÊÇÌá¹©Ö§Ô®Ï£²®À´ÓïµÄ pine/pico µÄÖ÷Õ¾ -
\nameurl{ftp://horizon.huji.ac.il/pub}{ftp://horizon.huji.ac.il/pub}.
\item ÒÔÏÂÎª Gili Granot µÄÏ£²®À´Óï×ÊÁÏ¿â ftp Õ¾: \nameurl{ftp://ssl.cs.technion.ac.il/pub}{ftp://ssl.cs.technion.ac.il/pub}.
\end{itemize}


\end{document}
