                             The Mutt E-Mail Client

  Michael Elkins

   <me@cs.hmc.edu>

   version 1.5.21 (2010-09-15)

   Abstract

   "All mail clients suck. This one just sucks less." -- me, circa 1995

   --------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Table of Contents

   1. Introduction

                1. Mutt Home Page

                2. Mailing Lists

                3. Getting Mutt

                4. Mutt Online Resources

                5. Contributing to Mutt

                6. Typographical Conventions

                7. Copyright

   2. Getting Started

                1. Core Concepts

                2. Screens and Menus

                             2.1. Index

                             2.2. Pager

                             2.3. File Browser

                             2.4. Help

                             2.5. Compose Menu

                             2.6. Alias Menu

                             2.7. Attachment Menu

                3. Moving Around in Menus

                4. Editing Input Fields

                             4.1. Introduction

                             4.2. History

                5. Reading Mail

                             5.1. The Message Index

                             5.2. The Pager

                             5.3. Threaded Mode

                             5.4. Miscellaneous Functions

                6. Sending Mail

                             6.1. Introduction

                             6.2. Editing the Message Header

                             6.3. Sending Cryptographically Signed/Encrypted
                             Messages

                             6.4. Sending Format=Flowed Messages

                7. Forwarding and Bouncing Mail

                8. Postponing Mail

   3. Configuration

                1. Location of Initialization Files

                2. Syntax of Initialization Files

                3. Address Groups

                4. Defining/Using Aliases

                5. Changing the Default Key Bindings

                6. Defining Aliases for Character Sets

                7. Setting Variables Based Upon Mailbox

                8. Keyboard Macros

                9. Using Color and Mono Video Attributes

                10. Message Header Display

                             10.1. Header Display

                             10.2. Selecting Headers

                             10.3. Ordering Displayed Headers

                11. Alternative Addresses

                12. Mailing Lists

                13. Using Multiple Spool Mailboxes

                14. Monitoring Incoming Mail

                15. User-Defined Headers

                16. Specify Default Save Mailbox

                17. Specify Default Fcc: Mailbox When Composing

                18. Specify Default Save Filename and Default Fcc: Mailbox at
                Once

                19. Change Settings Based Upon Message Recipients

                20. Change Settings Before Formatting a Message

                21. Choosing the Cryptographic Key of the Recipient

                22. Adding Key Sequences to the Keyboard Buffer

                23. Executing Functions

                24. Message Scoring

                25. Spam Detection

                26. Setting and Querying Variables

                             26.1. Variable Types

                             26.2. Commands

                             26.3. User-Defined Variables

                             26.4. Type Conversions

                27. Reading Initialization Commands From Another File

                28. Removing Hooks

                29. Format Strings

                             29.1. Basic usage

                             29.2. Conditionals

                             29.3. Filters

                             29.4. Padding

   4. Advanced Usage

                1. Character Set Handling

                2. Regular Expressions

                3. Patterns: Searching, Limiting and Tagging

                             3.1. Pattern Modifier

                             3.2. Simple Searches

                             3.3. Nesting and Boolean Operators

                             3.4. Searching by Date

                4. Using Tags

                5. Using Hooks

                             5.1. Message Matching in Hooks

                6. External Address Queries

                7. Mailbox Formats

                8. Mailbox Shortcuts

                9. Handling Mailing Lists

                10. New Mail Detection

                             10.1. How New Mail Detection Works

                             10.2. Polling For New Mail

                11. Editing Threads

                             11.1. Linking Threads

                             11.2. Breaking Threads

                12. Delivery Status Notification (DSN) Support

                13. Start a WWW Browser on URLs

                14. Miscellany

   5. Mutt's MIME Support

                1. Using MIME in Mutt

                             1.1. MIME Overview

                             1.2. Viewing MIME Messages in the Pager

                             1.3. The Attachment Menu

                             1.4. The Compose Menu

                2. MIME Type Configuration with mime.types

                3. MIME Viewer Configuration with Mailcap

                             3.1. The Basics of the Mailcap File

                             3.2. Secure Use of Mailcap

                             3.3. Advanced Mailcap Usage

                             3.4. Example Mailcap Files

                4. MIME Autoview

                5. MIME Multipart/Alternative

                6. Attachment Searching and Counting

                7. MIME Lookup

   6. Optional Features

                1. General Notes

                             1.1. Enabling/Disabling Features

                             1.2. URL Syntax

                2. SSL/TLS Support

                3. POP3 Support

                4. IMAP Support

                             4.1. The IMAP Folder Browser

                             4.2. Authentication

                5. SMTP Support

                6. Managing Multiple Accounts

                7. Local Caching

                             7.1. Header Caching

                             7.2. Body Caching

                             7.3. Cache Directories

                             7.4. Maintenance

                8. Exact Address Generation

                9. Sending Anonymous Messages via Mixmaster

   7. Security Considerations

                1. Passwords

                2. Temporary Files

                3. Information Leaks

                             3.1. Message-Id: headers

                             3.2. mailto:-style Links

                4. External Applications

   8. Performance Tuning

                1. Reading and Writing Mailboxes

                2. Reading Messages from Remote Folders

                3. Searching and Limiting

   9. Reference

                1. Command-Line Options

                2. Configuration Commands

                3. Configuration Variables

                             3.1. abort_nosubject

                             3.2. abort_unmodified

                             3.3. alias_file

                             3.4. alias_format

                             3.5. allow_8bit

                             3.6. allow_ansi

                             3.7. arrow_cursor

                             3.8. ascii_chars

                             3.9. askbcc

                             3.10. askcc

                             3.11. assumed_charset

                             3.12. attach_charset

                             3.13. attach_format

                             3.14. attach_sep

                             3.15. attach_split

                             3.16. attribution

                             3.17. auto_tag

                             3.18. autoedit

                             3.19. beep

                             3.20. beep_new

                             3.21. bounce

                             3.22. bounce_delivered

                             3.23. braille_friendly

                             3.24. certificate_file

                             3.25. charset

                             3.26. check_mbox_size

                             3.27. check_new

                             3.28. collapse_unread

                             3.29. compose_format

                             3.30. config_charset

                             3.31. confirmappend

                             3.32. confirmcreate

                             3.33. connect_timeout

                             3.34. content_type

                             3.35. copy

                             3.36. crypt_autoencrypt

                             3.37. crypt_autopgp

                             3.38. crypt_autosign

                             3.39. crypt_autosmime

                             3.40. crypt_replyencrypt

                             3.41. crypt_replysign

                             3.42. crypt_replysignencrypted

                             3.43. crypt_timestamp

                             3.44. crypt_use_gpgme

                             3.45. crypt_use_pka

                             3.46. crypt_verify_sig

                             3.47. date_format

                             3.48. default_hook

                             3.49. delete

                             3.50. delete_untag

                             3.51. digest_collapse

                             3.52. display_filter

                             3.53. dotlock_program

                             3.54. dsn_notify

                             3.55. dsn_return

                             3.56. duplicate_threads

                             3.57. edit_headers

                             3.58. editor

                             3.59. encode_from

                             3.60. entropy_file

                             3.61. envelope_from_address

                             3.62. escape

                             3.63. fast_reply

                             3.64. fcc_attach

                             3.65. fcc_clear

                             3.66. folder

                             3.67. folder_format

                             3.68. followup_to

                             3.69. force_name

                             3.70. forward_decode

                             3.71. forward_decrypt

                             3.72. forward_edit

                             3.73. forward_format

                             3.74. forward_quote

                             3.75. from

                             3.76. gecos_mask

                             3.77. hdrs

                             3.78. header

                             3.79. header_cache

                             3.80. header_cache_compress

                             3.81. header_cache_pagesize

                             3.82. help

                             3.83. hidden_host

                             3.84. hide_limited

                             3.85. hide_missing

                             3.86. hide_thread_subject

                             3.87. hide_top_limited

                             3.88. hide_top_missing

                             3.89. history

                             3.90. history_file

                             3.91. honor_disposition

                             3.92. honor_followup_to

                             3.93. hostname

                             3.94. ignore_linear_white_space

                             3.95. ignore_list_reply_to

                             3.96. imap_authenticators

                             3.97. imap_check_subscribed

                             3.98. imap_delim_chars

                             3.99. imap_headers

                             3.100. imap_idle

                             3.101. imap_keepalive

                             3.102. imap_list_subscribed

                             3.103. imap_login

                             3.104. imap_pass

                             3.105. imap_passive

                             3.106. imap_peek

                             3.107. imap_pipeline_depth

                             3.108. imap_servernoise

                             3.109. imap_user

                             3.110. implicit_autoview

                             3.111. include

                             3.112. include_onlyfirst

                             3.113. indent_string

                             3.114. index_format

                             3.115. ispell

                             3.116. keep_flagged

                             3.117. locale

                             3.118. mail_check

                             3.119. mail_check_recent

                             3.120. mailcap_path

                             3.121. mailcap_sanitize

                             3.122. maildir_header_cache_verify

                             3.123. maildir_trash

                             3.124. mark_old

                             3.125. markers

                             3.126. mask

                             3.127. mbox

                             3.128. mbox_type

                             3.129. menu_context

                             3.130. menu_move_off

                             3.131. menu_scroll

                             3.132. message_cache_clean

                             3.133. message_cachedir

                             3.134. message_format

                             3.135. meta_key

                             3.136. metoo

                             3.137. mh_purge

                             3.138. mh_seq_flagged

                             3.139. mh_seq_replied

                             3.140. mh_seq_unseen

                             3.141. mime_forward

                             3.142. mime_forward_decode

                             3.143. mime_forward_rest

                             3.144. mix_entry_format

                             3.145. mixmaster

                             3.146. move

                             3.147. narrow_tree

                             3.148. net_inc

                             3.149. pager

                             3.150. pager_context

                             3.151. pager_format

                             3.152. pager_index_lines

                             3.153. pager_stop

                             3.154. pgp_auto_decode

                             3.155. pgp_autoinline

                             3.156. pgp_check_exit

                             3.157. pgp_clearsign_command

                             3.158. pgp_decode_command

                             3.159. pgp_decrypt_command

                             3.160. pgp_encrypt_only_command

                             3.161. pgp_encrypt_sign_command

                             3.162. pgp_entry_format

                             3.163. pgp_export_command

                             3.164. pgp_getkeys_command

                             3.165. pgp_good_sign

                             3.166. pgp_ignore_subkeys

                             3.167. pgp_import_command

                             3.168. pgp_list_pubring_command

                             3.169. pgp_list_secring_command

                             3.170. pgp_long_ids

                             3.171. pgp_mime_auto

                             3.172. pgp_replyinline

                             3.173. pgp_retainable_sigs

                             3.174. pgp_show_unusable

                             3.175. pgp_sign_as

                             3.176. pgp_sign_command

                             3.177. pgp_sort_keys

                             3.178. pgp_strict_enc

                             3.179. pgp_timeout

                             3.180. pgp_use_gpg_agent

                             3.181. pgp_verify_command

                             3.182. pgp_verify_key_command

                             3.183. pipe_decode

                             3.184. pipe_sep

                             3.185. pipe_split

                             3.186. pop_auth_try_all

                             3.187. pop_authenticators

                             3.188. pop_checkinterval

                             3.189. pop_delete

                             3.190. pop_host

                             3.191. pop_last

                             3.192. pop_pass

                             3.193. pop_reconnect

                             3.194. pop_user

                             3.195. post_indent_string

                             3.196. postpone

                             3.197. postponed

                             3.198. preconnect

                             3.199. print

                             3.200. print_command

                             3.201. print_decode

                             3.202. print_split

                             3.203. prompt_after

                             3.204. query_command

                             3.205. query_format

                             3.206. quit

                             3.207. quote_regexp

                             3.208. read_inc

                             3.209. read_only

                             3.210. realname

                             3.211. recall

                             3.212. record

                             3.213. reply_regexp

                             3.214. reply_self

                             3.215. reply_to

                             3.216. resolve

                             3.217. reverse_alias

                             3.218. reverse_name

                             3.219. reverse_realname

                             3.220. rfc2047_parameters

                             3.221. save_address

                             3.222. save_empty

                             3.223. save_history

                             3.224. save_name

                             3.225. score

                             3.226. score_threshold_delete

                             3.227. score_threshold_flag

                             3.228. score_threshold_read

                             3.229. search_context

                             3.230. send_charset

                             3.231. sendmail

                             3.232. sendmail_wait

                             3.233. shell

                             3.234. sig_dashes

                             3.235. sig_on_top

                             3.236. signature

                             3.237. simple_search

                             3.238. sleep_time

                             3.239. smart_wrap

                             3.240. smileys

                             3.241. smime_ask_cert_label

                             3.242. smime_ca_location

                             3.243. smime_certificates

                             3.244. smime_decrypt_command

                             3.245. smime_decrypt_use_default_key

                             3.246. smime_default_key

                             3.247. smime_encrypt_command

                             3.248. smime_encrypt_with

                             3.249. smime_get_cert_command

                             3.250. smime_get_cert_email_command

                             3.251. smime_get_signer_cert_command

                             3.252. smime_import_cert_command

                             3.253. smime_is_default

                             3.254. smime_keys

                             3.255. smime_pk7out_command

                             3.256. smime_sign_command

                             3.257. smime_sign_opaque_command

                             3.258. smime_timeout

                             3.259. smime_verify_command

                             3.260. smime_verify_opaque_command

                             3.261. smtp_authenticators

                             3.262. smtp_pass

                             3.263. smtp_url

                             3.264. sort

                             3.265. sort_alias

                             3.266. sort_aux

                             3.267. sort_browser

                             3.268. sort_re

                             3.269. spam_separator

                             3.270. spoolfile

                             3.271. ssl_ca_certificates_file

                             3.272. ssl_client_cert

                             3.273. ssl_force_tls

                             3.274. ssl_min_dh_prime_bits

                             3.275. ssl_starttls

                             3.276. ssl_use_sslv2

                             3.277. ssl_use_sslv3

                             3.278. ssl_use_tlsv1

                             3.279. ssl_usesystemcerts

                             3.280. ssl_verify_dates

                             3.281. ssl_verify_host

                             3.282. status_chars

                             3.283. status_format

                             3.284. status_on_top

                             3.285. strict_threads

                             3.286. suspend

                             3.287. text_flowed

                             3.288. thorough_search

                             3.289. thread_received

                             3.290. tilde

                             3.291. time_inc

                             3.292. timeout

                             3.293. tmpdir

                             3.294. to_chars

                             3.295. tunnel

                             3.296. uncollapse_jump

                             3.297. use_8bitmime

                             3.298. use_domain

                             3.299. use_envelope_from

                             3.300. use_from

                             3.301. use_idn

                             3.302. use_ipv6

                             3.303. user_agent

                             3.304. visual

                             3.305. wait_key

                             3.306. weed

                             3.307. wrap

                             3.308. wrap_headers

                             3.309. wrap_search

                             3.310. wrapmargin

                             3.311. write_bcc

                             3.312. write_inc

                4. Functions

                             4.1. Generic Menu

                             4.2. Index Menu

                             4.3. Pager Menu

                             4.4. Alias Menu

                             4.5. Query Menu

                             4.6. Attachment Menu

                             4.7. Compose Menu

                             4.8. Postpone Menu

                             4.9. Browser Menu

                             4.10. Pgp Menu

                             4.11. Smime Menu

                             4.12. Mixmaster Menu

                             4.13. Editor Menu

   10. Miscellany

                1. Acknowledgements

                2. About This Document

   List of Tables

   1.1. Typographical conventions for special terms

   2.1. Most common navigation keys in entry-based menus

   2.2. Most common navigation keys in page-based menus

   2.3. Most common line editor keys

   2.4. Most common message index keys

   2.5. Message status flags

   2.6. Message recipient flags

   2.7. Most common pager keys

   2.8. ANSI escape sequences

   2.9. Color sequences

   2.10. Most common thread mode keys

   2.11. Most common mail sending keys

   2.12. Most common compose menu keys

   2.13. PGP key menu flags

   3.1. Symbolic key names

   4.1. POSIX regular expression character classes

   4.2. Regular expression repetition operators

   4.3. GNU regular expression extensions

   4.4. Pattern modifiers

   4.5. Simple search keywords

   4.6. Date units

   4.7. Mailbox shortcuts

   5.1. Supported MIME types

   9.1. Command line options

   9.2. Default Generic Menu Bindings

   9.3. Default Index Menu Bindings

   9.4. Default Pager Menu Bindings

   9.5. Default Alias Menu Bindings

   9.6. Default Query Menu Bindings

   9.7. Default Attachment Menu Bindings

   9.8. Default Compose Menu Bindings

   9.9. Default Postpone Menu Bindings

   9.10. Default Browser Menu Bindings

   9.11. Default Pgp Menu Bindings

   9.12. Default Smime Menu Bindings

   9.13. Default Mixmaster Menu Bindings

   9.14. Default Editor Menu Bindings

   List of Examples

   3.1. Multiple configuration commands per line

   3.2. Commenting configuration files

   3.3. Escaping quotes in configuration files

   3.4. Splitting long configuration commands over several lines

   3.5. Using external command's output in configuration files

   3.6. Using environment variables in configuration files

   3.7. Configuring external alias files

   3.8. Setting sort method based on mailbox name

   3.9. Header weeding

   3.10. Configuring header display order

   3.11. Defining custom headers

   3.12. Using %-expandos in save-hook

   3.13. Embedding push in folder-hook

   3.14. Configuring spam detection

   3.15. Using user-defined variables for config file readability

   3.16. Using user-defined variables for backing up other config option
   values

   3.17. Deferring user-defined variable expansion to runtime

   3.18. Type conversions using variables

   3.19. Using external filters in format strings

   4.1. Matching all addresses in address lists

   4.2. Using boolean operators in patterns

   4.3. Specifying a "default" hook

   5.1. mime.types

   5.2. Attachment counting

   6.1. URLs

   6.2. Managing multiple accounts

Chapter 1. Introduction

   Table of Contents

   1. Mutt Home Page

   2. Mailing Lists

   3. Getting Mutt

   4. Mutt Online Resources

   5. Contributing to Mutt

   6. Typographical Conventions

   7. Copyright

   Mutt is a  small but very  powerful text-based MIME  mail client. Mutt  is
   highly configurable,  and is  well  suited to  the  mail power  user  with
   advanced features  like key  bindings,  keyboard macros,  mail  threading,
   regular expression searches and a  powerful pattern matching language  for
   selecting groups of messages.

1. Mutt Home Page

   The official homepage can be found at http://www.mutt.org/.

2. Mailing Lists

   To subscribe to one  of the following mailing  lists, send a message  with
   the word subscribe in the body to list-name-request@mutt.org.

     o <mutt-announce-request@mutt.org> -- low traffic list for announcements

     o  <mutt-users-request@mutt.org>  --  help,  bug  reports  and   feature
       requests

     o <mutt-dev-request@mutt.org> -- development mailing list

   All messages  posted  to  mutt-announce  are  automatically  forwarded  to
   mutt-users, so you do not need to be subscribed to both lists.

3. Getting Mutt

   Mutt releases can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.mutt.org/mutt/. For a  list
   of mirror sites, please refer to http://www.mutt.org/download.html.

   For nightly tarballs and version control access, please refer to the  Mutt
   development site.

4. Mutt Online Resources

   Bug Tracking System

           The  official  Mutt   bug  tracking   system  can   be  found   at
           http://bugs.mutt.org/

   Wiki

           An (unofficial) wiki can be found at http://wiki.mutt.org/.

   IRC

           For   the   IRC   user   community,   visit   channel   #mutt   on
           irc.freenode.net.

   USENET

           For USENET, see the newsgroup comp.mail.mutt.

5. Contributing to Mutt

   There are various ways to contribute to the Mutt project.

   Especially for  new  users  it  may  be helpful  to  meet  other  new  and
   experienced users  to  chat about  Mutt,  talk about  problems  and  share
   tricks.

   Since translations of  Mutt into other  languages are highly  appreciated,
   the Mutt developers always look for skilled translators that help  improve
   and continue to maintain stale translations.

   For contributing code patches for new features and bug fixes, please refer
   to the developer pages at http://dev.mutt.org/ for more details.

6. Typographical Conventions

   This section  lists  typographical conventions  followed  throughout  this
   manual. See table Table 1.1, "Typographical conventions for special terms"
   for typographical conventions for special terms.

   Table 1.1. Typographical conventions for special terms

   +----------------------------------------------------------+
   |      Item      |              Refers to...               |
   |----------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | printf(3)      | UNIX manual pages, execute man 3 printf |
   |----------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | <PageUp>       | named keys                              |
   |----------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | <create-alias> | named Mutt function                     |
   |----------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | ^G             | Control+G key combination               |
   |----------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | $mail_check    | Mutt configuration option               |
   |----------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | $HOME          | environment variable                    |
   +----------------------------------------------------------+

   Examples are presented as:

 mutt -v

   Within command synopsis, curly brackets ("{}") denote a set of options  of
   which one is mandatory, square brackets ("[]") denote optional  arguments,
   three dots denote that the argument may be repeated arbitrary times.

7. Copyright

   Mutt is  Copyright  (c)  1996-2009 Michael  R.  Elkins  <me@mutt.org>  and
   others.

   This program is free  software; you can redistribute  it and/or modify  it
   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
   Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your  option)
   any later version.

   This program  is distributed  in the  hope  that it  will be  useful,  but
   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
   or FITNESS FOR A  PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the  GNU General Public  License
   for more details.

   You should have received  a copy of the  GNU General Public License  along
   with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
   Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.

Chapter 2. Getting Started

   Table of Contents

   1. Core Concepts

   2. Screens and Menus

                2.1. Index

                2.2. Pager

                2.3. File Browser

                2.4. Help

                2.5. Compose Menu

                2.6. Alias Menu

                2.7. Attachment Menu

   3. Moving Around in Menus

   4. Editing Input Fields

                4.1. Introduction

                4.2. History

   5. Reading Mail

                5.1. The Message Index

                5.2. The Pager

                5.3. Threaded Mode

                5.4. Miscellaneous Functions

   6. Sending Mail

                6.1. Introduction

                6.2. Editing the Message Header

                6.3. Sending Cryptographically Signed/Encrypted Messages

                6.4. Sending Format=Flowed Messages

   7. Forwarding and Bouncing Mail

   8. Postponing Mail

   This section is intended as a brief overview of how to use Mutt. There are
   many other features which are described elsewhere in the manual. There  is
   even more information available in the Mutt FAQ and various web pages. See
   the Mutt homepage for more details.

   The keybindings described in this section are the defaults as distributed.
   Your local system  administrator may  have altered the  defaults for  your
   site. You can always type "?" in any menu to display the current bindings.

   The first thing you need  to do is invoke Mutt,  simply by typing mutt  at
   the command line. There are  various command-line options, see either  the
   Mutt man page or the reference.

1. Core Concepts

   Mutt is  a  text-based  application which  interacts  with  users  through
   different menus  which  are  mostly  line-/entry-based  or  page-based.  A
   line-based menu is the so-called "index" menu (listing all messages of the
   currently opened  folder) or  the  "alias" menu  (allowing you  to  select
   recipients from a  list). Examples  for page-based menus  are the  "pager"
   (showing one message at a time)  or the "help" menu listing all  available
   key bindings.

   The user interface consists of a  context sensitive help line at the  top,
   the menu's  contents  followed by  a  context sensitive  status  line  and
   finally  the  command  line.   The  command  line   is  used  to   display
   informational and error messages as well  as for prompts and for  entering
   interactive commands.

   Mutt  is  configured  through  variables  which,  if  the  user  wants  to
   permanently use a non-default value,  are written to configuration  files.
   Mutt supports a rich config file syntax to make even complex configuration
   files readable and commentable.

   Because Mutt allows  for customizing  almost all key  bindings, there  are
   so-called "functions" which  can be executed  manually (using the  command
   line) or in macros. Macros allow the  user to bind a sequence of  commands
   to a single key or a short key sequence instead of repeating a sequence of
   actions over and over.

   Many commands (such as saving or copying a message to another folder)  can
   be applied to a  single message or a  set of messages (so-called  "tagged"
   messages). To help selecting messages, Mutt provides a rich set of message
   patterns (such as recipients,  sender, body contents, date  sent/received,
   etc.) which can be combined into complex expressions using the boolean and
   and or operations as well as negating. These patterns can also be used  to
   (for example)  search for  messages or  to limit  the index  to show  only
   matching messages.

   Mutt supports a "hook" concept which allows the user to execute  arbitrary
   configuration  commands  and  functions  in  certain  situations  such  as
   entering a folder, starting a new message or replying to an existing  one.
   These hooks  can be  used to  highly customize  Mutt's behavior  including
   managing multiple identities, customizing the display for a folder or even
   implementing auto-archiving based on a per-folder basis and much more.

   Besides an interactive mode, Mutt can also be used as a command-line  tool
   only send messages. It also supports a mailx(1)-compatible interface,  see
   Table 9.1,  "Command line  options" for  a complete  list of  command-line
   options.

2. Screens and Menus

  2.1. Index

   The index is the screen that you usually see first when you start Mutt. It
   gives an overview  over your emails  in the currently  opened mailbox.  By
   default, this is your system mailbox. The information you see in the index
   is a list  of emails, each  with its number  on the left,  its flags  (new
   email, important  email, email  that  has been  forwarded or  replied  to,
   tagged email, ...), the  date when email was  sent, its sender, the  email
   size,  and  the  subject.  Additionally,  the  index  also  shows   thread
   hierarchies: when you  reply to  an email,  and the  other person  replies
   back, you can see the other person's email in a "sub-tree" below. This  is
   especially useful for  personal email between  a group of  people or  when
   you've subscribed to mailing lists.

  2.2. Pager

   The pager is responsible for showing the email content. On the top of  the
   pager you have an overview over the most important email headers like  the
   sender, the recipient, the  subject, and much  more information. How  much
   information you actually  see depends on  your configuration, which  we'll
   describe below.

   Below the  headers, you  see the  email body  which usually  contains  the
   message. If  the  email  contains  any  attachments,  you  will  see  more
   information about them below  the email body, or,  if the attachments  are
   text files, you can view them directly in the pager.

   To give the user a good overview, it is possible to configure Mutt to show
   different things in the pager with different colors. Virtually  everything
   that can be described with a regular expression can be colored, e.g. URLs,
   email addresses or smileys.

  2.3. File Browser

   The file browser is the interface to the local or remote file system. When
   selecting a mailbox to open, the  browser allows custom sorting of  items,
   limiting the items shown by a  regular expression and a freely  adjustable
   format of what to display in which way. It also allows for easy navigation
   through the file  system when selecting  file(s) to attach  to a  message,
   select multiple files to attach and many more.

  2.4. Help

   The help screen is meant to offer a  quick help to the user. It lists  the
   current configuration  of  key  bindings  and  their  associated  commands
   including a short description, and currently unbound functions that  still
   need to be associated  with a key binding  (or alternatively, they can  be
   called via the Mutt command prompt).

  2.5. Compose Menu

   The compose menu features a split screen containing the information  which
   really matter before  actually sending  a message  by mail:  who gets  the
   message as what (recipients and who gets what kind of copy). Additionally,
   users may set security options like  deciding whether to sign, encrypt  or
   sign and encrypt a message with/for  what keys. Also, it's used to  attach
   messages, to re-edit any attachment including the message itself.

  2.6. Alias Menu

   The alias menu is used to  help users finding the recipients of  messages.
   For users who  need to contact  many people, there's  no need to  remember
   addresses or names completely  because it allows  for searching, too.  The
   alias mechanism and  thus the  alias menu also  features grouping  several
   addresses by a  shorter nickname, the  actual alias, so  that users  don't
   have to select each single recipient manually.

  2.7. Attachment Menu

   As will be later discussed in detail, Mutt features a good and stable MIME
   implementation, that is,  it supports  sending and  receiving messages  of
   arbitrary MIME types. The attachment  menu displays a message's  structure
   in detail: what  content parts are  attached to which  parent part  (which
   gives a true tree structure),  which type is of  what type and what  size.
   Single parts may saved, deleted or modified to offer great and easy access
   to message's internals.

3. Moving Around in Menus

   The most important navigation  keys common to  line- or entry-based  menus
   are shown in Table 2.1, "Most common navigation keys in entry-based menus"
   and in Table 2.2,  "Most common navigation keys  in page-based menus"  for
   page-based menus.

   Table 2.1. Most common navigation keys in entry-based menus

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |      Key      |     Function     |             Description             |
   |---------------+------------------+-------------------------------------|
   | j or <Down>   | <next-entry>     | move to the next entry              |
   |---------------+------------------+-------------------------------------|
   | k or <Up>     | <previous-entry> | move to the previous entry          |
   |---------------+------------------+-------------------------------------|
   | z or <PageDn> | <page-down>      | go to the next page                 |
   |---------------+------------------+-------------------------------------|
   | Z or <PageUp> | <page-up>        | go to the previous page             |
   |---------------+------------------+-------------------------------------|
   | = or <Home>   | <first-entry>    | jump to the first entry             |
   |---------------+------------------+-------------------------------------|
   | * or <End>    | <last-entry>     | jump to the last entry              |
   |---------------+------------------+-------------------------------------|
   | q             | <quit>           | exit the current menu               |
   |---------------+------------------+-------------------------------------|
   | ?             | <help>           | list all keybindings for the        |
   |               |                  | current menu                        |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   Table 2.2. Most common navigation keys in page-based menus

   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |          Key           |    Function     |      Description       |
   |------------------------+-----------------+------------------------|
   | J or <Return>          | <next-line>     | scroll down one line   |
   |------------------------+-----------------+------------------------|
   | <Backspace>            | <previous-line> | scroll up one line     |
   |------------------------+-----------------+------------------------|
   | K, <Space> or <PageDn> | <next-page>     | move to the next page  |
   |------------------------+-----------------+------------------------|
   | - or <PageUp>          | <previous-page> | move the previous page |
   |------------------------+-----------------+------------------------|
   | <Home>                 | <top>           | move to the top        |
   |------------------------+-----------------+------------------------|
   | <End>                  | <bottom>        | move to the bottom     |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+

4. Editing Input Fields

  4.1. Introduction

   Mutt has a built-in line editor  for inputting text, e.g. email  addresses
   or filenames. The keys used to  manipulate text input are very similar  to
   those of Emacs. See Table 2.3, "Most  common line editor keys" for a  full
   reference of available  functions, their default  key bindings, and  short
   descriptions.

   Table 2.3. Most common line editor keys

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |      Key       |     Function      |            Description            |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | ^A or <Home>   | <bol>             | move to the start of the line     |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | ^B or <Left>   | <backward-char>   | move back one char                |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | Esc B          | <backward-word>   | move back one word                |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | ^D or <Delete> | <delete-char>     | delete the char under the cursor  |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | ^E or <End>    | <eol>             | move to the end of the line       |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | ^F or <Right>  | <forward-char>    | move forward one char             |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | Esc F          | <forward-word>    | move forward one word             |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | <Tab>          | <complete>        | complete filename or alias        |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | ^T             | <complete-query>  | complete address with query       |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | ^K             | <kill-eol>        | delete to the end of the line     |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | Esc d          | <kill-eow>        | delete to the end of the word     |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | ^W             | <kill-word>       | kill the word in front of the     |
   |                |                   | cursor                            |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | ^U             | <kill-line>       | delete entire line                |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | ^V             | <quote-char>      | quote the next typed key          |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | <Up>           | <history-up>      | recall previous string from       |
   |                |                   | history                           |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | <Down>         | <history-down>    | recall next string from history   |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | <BackSpace>    | <backspace>       | kill the char in front of the     |
   |                |                   | cursor                            |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | Esc u          | <upcase-word>     | convert word to upper case        |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | Esc l          | <downcase-word>   | convert word to lower case        |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | Esc c          | <capitalize-word> | capitalize the word               |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | ^G             | n/a               | abort                             |
   |----------------+-------------------+-----------------------------------|
   | <Return>       | n/a               | finish editing                    |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   You can remap the editor functions using the bind command. For example, to
   make the <Delete> key delete the  character in front of the cursor  rather
   than under, you could use:

 bind editor <delete> backspace

  4.2. History

   Mutt maintains a history for the  built-in editor. The number of items  is
   controlled by the $history  variable and can be  made persistent using  an
   external file specified using $history_file. You may cycle through them at
   an editor prompt by using the <history-up> and/or <history-down> commands.
   But notice that Mutt does not remember the currently entered text, it only
   cycles through history and wraps around at the end or beginning.

   Mutt maintains  several  distinct  history  lists, one  for  each  of  the
   following categories:

     o .muttrc commands

     o addresses and aliases

     o shell commands

     o filenames

     o patterns

     o everything else

   Mutt automatically  filters  out  consecutively repeated  items  from  the
   history. It also  mimics the  behavior of  some shells  by ignoring  items
   starting with a space. The latter feature  can be useful in macros to  not
   clobber the history's valuable entries with unwanted entries.

5. Reading Mail

   Similar to many other mail clients, there  are two modes in which mail  is
   read in Mutt. The  first is a  list of messages in  the mailbox, which  is
   called the "index" menu  in Mutt. The  second mode is  the display of  the
   message contents. This is called the "pager."

   The next few  sections describe the  functions provided in  each of  these
   modes.

  5.1. The Message Index

   Common keys used to navigate through and manage messages in the index  are
   shown in Table  2.4, "Most common  message index keys".  How messages  are
   presented in  the index  menu can  be customized  using the  $index_format
   variable.

   Table 2.4. Most common message index keys

   +--------------------------------------------------------+
   |   Key    |                 Description                 |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | c        | change to a different mailbox               |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | Esc c    | change to a folder in read-only mode        |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | C        | copy the current message to another mailbox |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | Esc C    | decode a message and copy it to a folder    |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | Esc s    | decode a message and save it to a folder    |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | D        | delete messages matching a pattern          |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | d        | delete the current message                  |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | F        | mark as important                           |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | l        | show messages matching a pattern            |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | N        | mark message as new                         |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | o        | change the current sort method              |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | O        | reverse sort the mailbox                    |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | q        | save changes and exit                       |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | s        | save-message                                |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | T        | tag messages matching a pattern             |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | t        | toggle the tag on a message                 |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | Esc t    | toggle tag on entire message thread         |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | U        | undelete messages matching a pattern        |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | u        | undelete-message                            |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | v        | view-attachments                            |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | x        | abort changes and exit                      |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | <Return> | display-message                             |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | <Tab>    | jump to the next new or unread message      |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | @        | show the author's full e-mail address       |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | $        | save changes to mailbox                     |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | /        | search                                      |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | Esc /    | search-reverse                              |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | ^L       | clear and redraw the screen                 |
   |----------+---------------------------------------------|
   | ^T       | untag messages matching a pattern           |
   +--------------------------------------------------------+

   In addition to who sent  the message and the  subject, a short summary  of
   the disposition of each message is printed beside the message number. Zero
   or more of the  "flags" in Table 2.5,  "Message status flags" may  appear,
   some of which can  be turned on or  off using these functions:  <set-flag>
   and <clear-flag> bound by default to "w" and "W" respectively.

   Furthermore, the flags in Table 2.6, "Message recipient flags" reflect who
   the message is  addressed to. They  can be customized  with the  $to_chars
   variable.

   Table 2.5. Message status flags

   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | Flag |                          Description                          |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | D    | message is deleted (is marked for deletion)                   |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | d    | message has attachments marked for deletion                   |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | K    | contains a PGP public key                                     |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | N    | message is new                                                |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | O    | message is old                                                |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | P    | message is PGP encrypted                                      |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | r    | message has been replied to                                   |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | S    | message is signed, and the signature is successfully verified |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | s    | message is signed                                             |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | !    | message is flagged                                            |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | *    | message is tagged                                             |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | n    | thread contains new messages (only if collapsed)              |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | o    | thread contains old messages (only if collapsed)              |
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+

   Table 2.6. Message recipient flags

   +----------------------------------------------------------+
   | Flag |                    Description                    |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------|
   | +    | message is to you and you only                    |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------|
   | T    | message is to you, but also to or CC'ed to others |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------|
   | C    | message is CC'ed to you                           |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------|
   | F    | message is from you                               |
   |------+---------------------------------------------------|
   | L    | message is sent to a subscribed mailing list      |
   +----------------------------------------------------------+

  5.2. The Pager

   By default,  Mutt uses  its  built-in pager  to  display the  contents  of
   messages (an external pager such as less(1) can be configured, see  $pager
   variable). The pager is  very similar to the  Unix program less(1)  though
   not nearly as featureful.

   Table 2.7. Most common pager keys

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |   Key    |                         Description                         |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | <Return> | go down one line                                            |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | <Space>  | display the next page (or next message if at the end of a   |
   |          | message)                                                    |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -        | go back to the previous page                                |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | n        | search for next match                                       |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | S        | skip beyond quoted text                                     |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | T        | toggle display of quoted text                               |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | ?        | show keybindings                                            |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | /        | regular expression search                                   |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | Esc /    | backward regular expression search                          |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | \        | toggle highlighting of search matches                       |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | ^        | jump to the top of the message                              |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   In addition to key bindings in  Table 2.7, "Most common pager keys",  many
   of the functions from the index menu are also available in the pager, such
   as <delete-message> or <copy-message> (this is one advantage over using an
   external pager to view messages).

   Also, the internal pager  supports a couple  other advanced features.  For
   one, it will accept and translate the "standard" nroff sequences for  bold
   and underline.  These  sequences  are  a  series  of  either  the  letter,
   backspace ("^H"), the letter again for bold or the letter, backspace,  "_"
   for denoting underline.  Mutt will attempt  to display these  in bold  and
   underline respectively if your terminal supports them. If not, you can use
   the bold and underline color objects to specify a color or mono  attribute
   for them.

   Additionally, the internal  pager supports the  ANSI escape sequences  for
   character attributes.  Mutt translates  them into  the correct  color  and
   character settings. The sequences Mutt supports are:

 \e[Ps;Ps;..Ps;m

   where Ps  can  be one  of  the codes  shown  in Table  2.8,  "ANSI  escape
   sequences".

   Table 2.8. ANSI escape sequences

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | Escape code |                       Description                        |
   |-------------+----------------------------------------------------------|
   | 0           | All attributes off                                       |
   |-------------+----------------------------------------------------------|
   | 1           | Bold on                                                  |
   |-------------+----------------------------------------------------------|
   | 4           | Underline on                                             |
   |-------------+----------------------------------------------------------|
   | 5           | Blink on                                                 |
   |-------------+----------------------------------------------------------|
   | 7           | Reverse video on                                         |
   |-------------+----------------------------------------------------------|
   | 3<color>    | Foreground color is <color> (see Table 2.9, "Color       |
   |             | sequences")                                              |
   |-------------+----------------------------------------------------------|
   | 4<color>    | Background color is <color> (see Table 2.9, "Color       |
   |             | sequences")                                              |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   Table 2.9. Color sequences

   +----------------------+
   | Color code |  Color  |
   |------------+---------|
   | 0          | Black   |
   |------------+---------|
   | 1          | Red     |
   |------------+---------|
   | 2          | Green   |
   |------------+---------|
   | 3          | Yellow  |
   |------------+---------|
   | 4          | Blue    |
   |------------+---------|
   | 5          | Magenta |
   |------------+---------|
   | 6          | Cyan    |
   |------------+---------|
   | 7          | White   |
   +----------------------+

   Mutt uses these attributes for  handling text/enriched messages, and  they
   can also be used by an external autoview script for highlighting purposes.

  Note

   If you change  the colors for  your display, for  example by changing  the
   color associated with color2 for your xterm, then that color will be  used
   instead of green.

  Note

   Note that the search commands in the pager take regular expressions, which
   are not quite the  same as the  more complex patterns  used by the  search
   command in the index. This is because patterns are used to select messages
   by criteria whereas the pager already displays a selected message.

  5.3. Threaded Mode

   So-called "threads"  provide a  hierarchy of  messages where  replies  are
   linked to their parent message(s).  This organizational form is  extremely
   useful in mailing lists where  different parts of the discussion  diverge.
   Mutt displays threads as a tree structure.

   In Mutt, when a mailbox is sorted  by threads, there are a few  additional
   functions available in the index and  pager modes as shown in Table  2.10,
   "Most common thread mode keys".

   Table 2.10. Most common thread mode keys

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |  Key  |       Function       |               Description               |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | ^D    | <delete-thread>      | delete all messages in the current      |
   |       |                      | thread                                  |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | ^U    | <undelete-thread>    | undelete all messages in the current    |
   |       |                      | thread                                  |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | ^N    | <next-thread>        | jump to the start of the next thread    |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | ^P    | <previous-thread>    | jump to the start of the previous       |
   |       |                      | thread                                  |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | ^R    | <read-thread>        | mark the current thread as read         |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | Esc d | <delete-subthread>   | delete all messages in the current      |
   |       |                      | subthread                               |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | Esc u | <undelete-subthread> | undelete all messages in the current    |
   |       |                      | subthread                               |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | Esc n | <next-subthread>     | jump to the start of the next subthread |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | Esc p | <previous-subthread> | jump to the start of the previous       |
   |       |                      | subthread                               |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | Esc r | <read-subthread>     | mark the current subthread as read      |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | Esc t | <tag-thread>         | toggle the tag on the current thread    |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | Esc v | <collapse-thread>    | toggle collapse for the current thread  |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | Esc V | <collapse-all>       | toggle collapse for all threads         |
   |-------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | P     | <parent-message>     | jump to parent message in thread        |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   Collapsing a thread  displays only  the first  message in  the thread  and
   hides the others.  This is useful  when threads contain  so many  messages
   that you  can only  see a  handful of  threads on  the screen.  See %M  in
   $index_format.  For  example,  you   could  use  "%?M?(#%03M)&(%4l)?"   in
   $index_format to optionally display the  number of hidden messages if  the
   thread  is  collapsed.   The  %?<char>?<if-part>&<else-part>?  syntax   is
   explained in detail in format string conditionals.

   Technically, every reply should contain a  list of its parent messages  in
   the thread tree,  but not  all do.  In these  cases, Mutt  groups them  by
   subject which can be controlled using the $strict_threads variable.

  5.4. Miscellaneous Functions

   In addition, the index and pager menus have these interesting functions:

   <create-alias> (default: a)

           Creates a new alias based upon the current message (or prompts for
           a new one). Once editing is complete, an alias command is added to
           the file specified by the $alias_file variable for future use

  Note

           Mutt does  not  read the  $alias_file  upon startup  so  you  must
           explicitly source the file.

   <check-traditional-pgp> (default: Esc P)

           This function will search the  current message for content  signed
           or encrypted  with PGP  the "traditional"  way, that  is,  without
           proper MIME tagging. Technically,  this function will  temporarily
           change the MIME  content types  of the body  parts containing  PGP
           data; this is similar to the <edit-type> function's effect.

   <edit> (default: e)

           This command (available in the index and pager) allows you to edit
           the raw current message as it's present in the mail folder.  After
           you have finished editing, the changed message will be appended to
           the current folder, and  the original message  will be marked  for
           deletion; if the message is unchanged it won't be replaced.

   <edit-type> (default: ^E on the attachment menu, and in the pager and
   index menus; ^T on the compose menu)

           This command is used to  temporarily edit an attachment's  content
           type to fix,  for instance, bogus  character set parameters.  When
           invoked from  the  index  or  from  the  pager,  you'll  have  the
           opportunity to edit  the top-level attachment's  content type.  On
           the attachment menu, you can change any attachment's content type.
           These changes  are  not persistent,  and  get lost  upon  changing
           folders.

           Note that  this command  is also  available on  the compose  menu.
           There, it's used  to fine-tune the  properties of attachments  you
           are going to send.

   <enter-command> (default: ":")

           This command is used to execute any command you would normally put
           in a configuration file. A common use is to check the settings  of
           variables, or in conjunction with macros to change settings on the
           fly.

   <extract-keys> (default: ^K)

           This command extracts PGP public  keys from the current or  tagged
           message(s) and adds them to your PGP public key ring.

   <forget-passphrase> (default: ^F)

           This command wipes the passphrase(s) from memory. It is useful, if
           you misspelled the passphrase.

   <list-reply> (default: L)

           Reply to  the  current  or tagged  message(s)  by  extracting  any
           addresses which match the regular  expressions given by the  lists
           or  subscribe  commands,  but  also  honor  any   Mail-Followup-To
           header(s) if the $honor_followup_to configuration variable is set.
           Using this when replying to messages posted to mailing lists helps
           avoid duplicate copies being sent to the author of the message you
           are replying to.

   <pipe-message> (default: |)

           Asks for an external Unix command and pipes the current or  tagged
           message(s)  to  it.   The  variables  $pipe_decode,   $pipe_split,
           $pipe_sep  and  $wait_key  control  the  exact  behavior  of  this
           function.

   <resend-message> (default: Esc e)

           Mutt takes the current  message as a template  for a new  message.
           This  function  is  best  described  as  "recall  from   arbitrary
           folders". It can  conveniently be  used to  forward MIME  messages
           while preserving the original mail structure. Note that the amount
           of headers  included  here  depends  on the  value  of  the  $weed
           variable.

           This function is also available from the attachment menu. You  can
           use this to  easily resend  a message  which was  included with  a
           bounce message as a message/rfc822 body part.

   <shell-escape> (default: !)

           Asks for an external Unix  command and executes it. The  $wait_key
           can be used  to control whether  Mutt will  wait for a  key to  be
           pressed when the command returns (presumably to let the user  read
           the output of  the command),  based on  the return  status of  the
           named command. If  no command  is given, an  interactive shell  is
           executed.

   <toggle-quoted> (default: T)

           The pager uses  the $quote_regexp variable  to detect quoted  text
           when displaying the body of the message. This function toggles the
           display of the quoted material in the message. It is  particularly
           useful when being interested in just  the response and there is  a
           large amount of quoted text in the way.

   <skip-quoted> (default: S)

           This function will go  to the next line  of non-quoted text  which
           comes after a line of quoted text in the internal pager.

6. Sending Mail

  6.1. Introduction

   The bindings shown  in Table  2.11, "Most  common mail  sending keys"  are
   available in the index and pager to start a new message.

   Table 2.11. Most common mail sending keys

   +----------------------------------------------------------+
   |  Key  |   Function    |           Description            |
   |-------+---------------+----------------------------------|
   | m     | <compose>     | compose a new message            |
   |-------+---------------+----------------------------------|
   | r     | <reply>       | reply to sender                  |
   |-------+---------------+----------------------------------|
   | g     | <group-reply> | reply to all recipients          |
   |-------+---------------+----------------------------------|
   | L     | <list-reply>  | reply to mailing list address    |
   |-------+---------------+----------------------------------|
   | f     | <forward>     | forward message                  |
   |-------+---------------+----------------------------------|
   | b     | <bounce>      | bounce (remail) message          |
   |-------+---------------+----------------------------------|
   | Esc k | <mail-key>    | mail a PGP public key to someone |
   +----------------------------------------------------------+

   Bouncing a message sends the message  as-is to the recipient you  specify.
   Forwarding a message allows you to add comments or modify the message  you
   are forwarding. These items  are discussed in greater  detail in the  next
   section "Forwarding and Bouncing Mail."

   Mutt will then enter the compose menu and prompt you for the recipients to
   place on the "To:"  header field when  you hit m to  start a new  message.
   Next, it will ask you for the "Subject:" field for the message,  providing
   a default if you are replying to  or forwarding a message. You again  have
   the chance  to adjust  recipients, subject,  and security  settings  right
   before actually sending the message. See also $askcc, $askbcc,  $autoedit,
   $bounce, $fast_reply, and $include for changing how and if Mutt asks these
   questions.

   When replying, Mutt fills these fields with proper values depending on the
   reply type. The types of replying supported are:

   Simple reply

           Reply to the author directly.

   Group reply

           Reply to the  author as well  to all recipients  except you;  this
           consults alternates.

   List reply

           Reply to all  mailing list addresses  found, either specified  via
           configuration or auto-detected.  See Section  12, "Mailing  Lists"
           for details.

   After getting recipients for new messages, forwards or replies, Mutt  will
   then automatically  start  your  $editor  on  the  message  body.  If  the
   $edit_headers variable  is set,  the headers  will be  at the  top of  the
   message in your editor. Any messages you are replying to will be added  in
   sort order to the  message, with appropriate $attribution,  $indent_string
   and $post_indent_string. When forwarding  a message, if the  $mime_forward
   variable is unset, a  copy of the forwarded  message will be included.  If
   you have specified a $signature, it will be appended to the message.

   Once you have  finished editing  the body of  your mail  message, you  are
   returned to the compose menu providing the functions shown in Table  2.12,
   "Most common compose menu keys" to modify, send or postpone the message.

   Table 2.12. Most common compose menu keys

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |  Key  |      Function       |               Description                |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | a     | <attach-file>       | attach a file                            |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | A     | <attach-message>    | attach message(s) to the message         |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | Esc k | <attach-key>        | attach a PGP public key                  |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | d     | <edit-description>  | edit description on attachment           |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | D     | <detach-file>       | detach a file                            |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | t     | <edit-to>           | edit the To field                        |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | Esc f | <edit-from>         | edit the From field                      |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | r     | <edit-reply-to>     | edit the Reply-To field                  |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | c     | <edit-cc>           | edit the Cc field                        |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | b     | <edit-bcc>          | edit the Bcc field                       |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | y     | <send-message>      | send the message                         |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | s     | <edit-subject>      | edit the Subject                         |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | S     | <smime-menu>        | select S/MIME options                    |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | f     | <edit-fcc>          | specify an "Fcc" mailbox                 |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | p     | <pgp-menu>          | select PGP options                       |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | P     | <postpone-message>  | postpone this message until later        |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | q     | <quit>              | quit (abort) sending the message         |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | w     | <write-fcc>         | write the message to a folder            |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | i     | <ispell>            | check spelling (if available on your     |
   |       |                     | system)                                  |
   |-------+---------------------+------------------------------------------|
   | ^F    | <forget-passphrase> | wipe passphrase(s) from memory           |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   The compose menu is also used to edit the attachments for a message  which
   can be either files  or other messages.  The <attach-message> function  to
   will prompt you  for a folder  to attach  messages from. You  can now  tag
   messages in that folder and they will  be attached to the message you  are
   sending.

  Note

   Note  that  certain  operations  like  composing  a  new  mail,  replying,
   forwarding, etc. are not permitted when you are in that folder. The %r  in
   $status_format  will  change  to  a  "A"  to  indicate  that  you  are  in
   attach-message mode.

  6.2. Editing the Message Header

   When editing the header  because of $edit_headers being  set, there are  a
   several pseudo  headers  available which  will  not be  included  in  sent
   messages but trigger special Mutt behavior.

    6.2.1. Fcc: Pseudo Header

   If you specify

   Fcc: filename

   as a  header, Mutt  will pick  up filename  just as  if you  had used  the
   <edit-fcc> function in the compose menu. It can later be changed from  the
   compose menu.

    6.2.2. Attach: Pseudo Header

   You can also attach files to your message by specifying

   Attach: filename [ description ]

   where filename is the file to attach and description is an optional string
   to use as the description of  the attached file. Spaces in filenames  have
   to be escaped using backslash  ("\"). The file can  be removed as well  as
   more added from the compose menu.

    6.2.3. Pgp: Pseudo Header

   If you want to use PGP, you can specify

   Pgp: [ E | S | S<id> ]

   "E" selects encryption,  "S" selects signing  and "S<id>" selects  signing
   with the given  key, setting $pgp_sign_as  permanently. The selection  can
   later be changed in the compose menu.

    6.2.4. In-Reply-To: Header

   When replying to messages, the In-Reply-To: header contains the Message-Id
   of the message(s) you reply  to. If you remove  or modify its value,  Mutt
   will not generate a  References: field, which allows  you to create a  new
   message thread, for  example to  create a new  message to  a mailing  list
   without having to enter the mailing list's address.

   If you intend to start a new  thread by replying, please make really  sure
   you remove  the  In-Reply-To: header  in  your editor.  Otherwise,  though
   you'll produce a technically valid  reply, some netiquette guardians  will
   be annoyed by this so-called "thread hijacking".

  6.3. Sending Cryptographically Signed/Encrypted Messages

   If you have told Mutt  to PGP or S/MIME encrypt  a message, it will  guide
   you through a key selection process when you try to send the message. Mutt
   will not ask you any questions about  keys which have a certified user  ID
   matching one of the message recipients' mail addresses. However, there may
   be situations in which  there are several keys,  weakly certified user  ID
   fields, or where no matching keys can be found.

   In these cases, you are dropped into a menu with a list of keys from which
   you can  select one.  When you  quit this  menu, or  Mutt can't  find  any
   matching keys, you are prompted for a user ID. You can, as usually,  abort
   this prompt using  ^G. When you  do so,  Mutt will return  to the  compose
   screen.

   Once you have successfully finished the key selection, the message will be
   encrypted using the selected public keys when sent out.

   Most  fields  of  the  entries  in  the  key  selection  menu  (see   also
   $pgp_entry_format) have  obvious meanings.  But some  explanations on  the
   capabilities, flags, and validity fields are in order.

   The flags sequence ("%f") will expand to  one of the flags in Table  2.13,
   "PGP key menu flags".

   Table 2.13. PGP key menu flags

   +-----------------------------------------------------------+
   | Flag |                    Description                     |
   |------+----------------------------------------------------|
   | R    | The key has been revoked and can't be used.        |
   |------+----------------------------------------------------|
   | X    | The key is expired and can't be used.              |
   |------+----------------------------------------------------|
   | d    | You have marked the key as disabled.               |
   |------+----------------------------------------------------|
   | c    | There are unknown critical self-signature packets. |
   +-----------------------------------------------------------+

   The  capabilities  field  ("%c")  expands  to  a  two-character   sequence
   representing a key's  capabilities. The  first character  gives the  key's
   encryption capabilities: A minus sign ("-")  means that the key cannot  be
   used for encryption. A dot (".") means that it's marked as a signature key
   in one of the user  IDs, but may also be  used for encryption. The  letter
   "e" indicates that this key can be used for encryption.

   The second character indicates the key's signing capabilities. Once again,
   a "-" implies "not for signing", "." implies that the key is marked as  an
   encryption key in one of the user-ids, and "s" denotes a key which can  be
   used for signing.

   Finally, the validity field ("%t") indicates how well-certified a  user-id
   is. A question mark ("?") indicates undefined validity, a minus  character
   ("-") marks an untrusted association, a space character means a  partially
   trusted  association,  and  a  plus  character  ("+")  indicates  complete
   validity.

  6.4. Sending Format=Flowed Messages

    6.4.1. Concept

   format=flowed-style messages (or  f=f for short)  are text/plain  messages
   that consist of paragraphs which a receiver's mail client may reformat  to
   its own needs which mostly means  to customize line lengths regardless  of
   what the sender sent. Technically this  is achieved by letting lines of  a
   "flowable" paragraph end in spaces except for the last line.

   While for text-mode clients like Mutt it's  the best way to assume only  a
   standard 80x25  character cell  terminal, it  may be  desired to  let  the
   receiver decide completely how to view a message.

    6.4.2. Mutt Support

   Mutt only supports  setting the required  format=flowed MIME parameter  on
   outgoing messages if  the $text_flowed  variable is  set, specifically  it
   does not add the trailing spaces.

   After editing the  initial message  text and before  entering the  compose
   menu, Mutt properly space-stuffs  the message. Space-stuffing is  required
   by RfC3676 defining format=flowed and means to prepend a space to:

     o all lines starting with a space

     o lines starting with the word "From" followed by space

     o all  lines starting  with ">"  which is  not intended  to be  a  quote
       character

  Note

   Mutt only supports space-stuffing for the first two types of lines but not
   for the  third: It  is impossible  to safely  detect whether  a leading  >
   character  starts  a  quote  or   not.  Furthermore,  Mutt  only   applies
   space-stuffing once after the initial edit is finished.

   All leading spaces are to be  removed by receiving clients to restore  the
   original message prior to further processing.

    6.4.3. Editor Considerations

   As Mutt  provides no  additional features  to compose  f=f messages,  it's
   completely up  to the  user and  his editor  to produce  proper  messages.
   Please consider  your editor's  documentation if  you intend  to send  f=f
   messages.

   Please note that when editing messages from the compose menu several times
   before really sending  a mail,  it's up  to the  user to  ensure that  the
   message is properly space-stuffed.

   For example, vim  provides the  w flag  for its  formatoptions setting  to
   assist in creating f=f messages, see :help fo-table for details.

7. Forwarding and Bouncing Mail

   Bouncing and forwarding  let you  send an existing  message to  recipients
   that you specify. Bouncing a message sends a verbatim copy of a message to
   alternative addresses as  if they were  the message's original  recipients
   specified in the  Bcc header.  Forwarding a  message, on  the other  hand,
   allows you to  modify the  message before it  is resent  (for example,  by
   adding your own comments).  Bouncing is done  using the <bounce>  function
   and  forwarding  using  the  <forward>  function  bound  to  "b"  and  "f"
   respectively.

   Forwarding can  be done  by  including the  original  message in  the  new
   message's body (surrounded by indicating lines) or including it as a  MIME
   attachment, depending on the value of the $mime_forward variable. Decoding
   of  attachments,   like  in   the  pager,   can  be   controlled  by   the
   $forward_decode  and  $mime_forward_decode  variables,  respectively.  The
   desired  forwarding   format  may   depend  on   the  content,   therefore
   $mime_forward is a quadoption which, for example, can be set to "ask-no".

   The inclusion of headers is controlled by the current setting of the $weed
   variable, unless $mime_forward is set.

   Editing the message to  forward follows the same  procedure as sending  or
   replying to a message does.

8. Postponing Mail

   At times it is desirable to delay sending a message that you have  already
   begun to  compose. When  the <postpone-message>  function is  used in  the
   compose menu, the body of your  message and attachments are stored in  the
   mailbox specified  by the  $postponed variable.  This means  that you  can
   recall the message even if  you exit Mutt and then  restart it at a  later
   time.

   Once a message is postponed, there are several ways to resume it. From the
   command line you can use the "-p" option, or if you compose a new  message
   from the index or pager you will be prompted if postponed messages  exist.
   If multiple messages are currently postponed, the postponed menu will  pop
   up and you can select which message you would like to resume.

  Note

   If you postpone a reply to a message, the reply setting of the message  is
   only updated when you actually finish  the message and send it. Also,  you
   must be in the same folder with the message you replied to for the  status
   of the message to be updated.

   See also the $postpone quad-option.

Chapter 3. Configuration

   Table of Contents

   1. Location of Initialization Files

   2. Syntax of Initialization Files

   3. Address Groups

   4. Defining/Using Aliases

   5. Changing the Default Key Bindings

   6. Defining Aliases for Character Sets

   7. Setting Variables Based Upon Mailbox

   8. Keyboard Macros

   9. Using Color and Mono Video Attributes

   10. Message Header Display

                10.1. Header Display

                10.2. Selecting Headers

                10.3. Ordering Displayed Headers

   11. Alternative Addresses

   12. Mailing Lists

   13. Using Multiple Spool Mailboxes

   14. Monitoring Incoming Mail

   15. User-Defined Headers

   16. Specify Default Save Mailbox

   17. Specify Default Fcc: Mailbox When Composing

   18. Specify Default Save Filename and Default Fcc: Mailbox at Once

   19. Change Settings Based Upon Message Recipients

   20. Change Settings Before Formatting a Message

   21. Choosing the Cryptographic Key of the Recipient

   22. Adding Key Sequences to the Keyboard Buffer

   23. Executing Functions

   24. Message Scoring

   25. Spam Detection

   26. Setting and Querying Variables

                26.1. Variable Types

                26.2. Commands

                26.3. User-Defined Variables

                26.4. Type Conversions

   27. Reading Initialization Commands From Another File

   28. Removing Hooks

   29. Format Strings

                29.1. Basic usage

                29.2. Conditionals

                29.3. Filters

                29.4. Padding

1. Location of Initialization Files

   While the default configuration (or "preferences") make Mutt usable  right
   out of the  box, it is  often desirable to  tailor Mutt to  suit your  own
   tastes. When Mutt is first invoked,  it will attempt to read the  "system"
   configuration file  (defaults set  by  your local  system  administrator),
   unless the "-n" command line option  is specified. This file is  typically
   /usr/local/share/mutt/Muttrc or  /etc/Muttrc. Mutt  will next  look for  a
   file named .muttrc in your home directory. If this file does not exist and
   your home directory has a subdirectory  named .mutt, Mutt tries to load  a
   file named .mutt/muttrc.

   .muttrc is  the  file  where  you will  usually  place  your  commands  to
   configure Mutt.

   In addition, Mutt supports version  specific configuration files that  are
   parsed instead of the default files  as explained above. For instance,  if
   your system has a Muttrc-0.88 file in the system configuration  directory,
   and you  are running  version 0.88  of  Mutt, this  file will  be  sourced
   instead of the  Muttrc file. The  same is true  of the user  configuration
   file, if you have a file  .muttrc-0.88.6 in your home directory, when  you
   run Mutt version 0.88.6, it will  source this file instead of the  default
   .muttrc file. The version  number is the same  which is visible using  the
   "-v" command line switch or using  the show-version key (default: V)  from
   the index menu.

2. Syntax of Initialization Files

   An initialization file consists of a series of commands. Each line of  the
   file may contain one  or more commands. When  multiple commands are  used,
   they must be separated by a semicolon (";").

   Example 3.1. Multiple configuration commands per line

 set realname='Mutt user' ; ignore x-

   The hash mark, or pound sign ("#"), is used as a "comment" character.  You
   can use  it to  annotate  your initialization  file.  All text  after  the
   comment character to the end of the line is ignored.

   Example 3.2. Commenting configuration files

 my_hdr X-Disclaimer: Why are you listening to me? # This is a comment

   Single quotes ("'") and double quotes  (""") can be used to quote  strings
   which contain spaces or other  special characters. The difference  between
   the two types of quotes is similar to that of many popular shell programs,
   namely that a single quote is used  to specify a literal string (one  that
   is not interpreted for  shell variables or quoting  with a backslash  [see
   next paragraph]), while double quotes  indicate a string for which  should
   be evaluated.  For  example,  backticks are  evaluated  inside  of  double
   quotes, but not for single quotes.

   "\" quotes the next character, just as in shells such as bash and zsh. For
   example, if want to put quotes """ inside of a string, you can use "\"  to
   force the next character to be a literal instead of interpreted character.

   Example 3.3. Escaping quotes in configuration files

 set realname="Michael \"MuttDude\" Elkins"

   "\\" means to insert a literal "\" into the line. "\n" and "\r" have their
   usual C meanings of linefeed and carriage-return, respectively.

   A "\" at the  end of a line  can be used to  split commands over  multiple
   lines as it "escapes" the line  end, provided that the split points  don't
   appear in the middle of command names. Lines are first concatenated before
   interpretation so that a multi-line can be commented by commenting out the
   first line only.

   Example 3.4. Splitting long configuration commands over several lines

 set status_format="some very \
 long value split \
 over several lines"

   It is also  possible to  substitute the  output of  a Unix  command in  an
   initialization file.  This is  accomplished by  enclosing the  command  in
   backticks (``).  In  Example  3.5, "Using  external  command's  output  in
   configuration files", the output  of the Unix command  "uname -a" will  be
   substituted before the line is parsed. Since initialization files are line
   oriented, only the  first line  of output from  the Unix  command will  be
   substituted.

   Example 3.5. Using external command's output in configuration files

 my_hdr X-Operating-System: `uname -a`

   Both  environment  variables  and  Mutt  variables  can  be  accessed   by
   prepending "$" to the name of the variable. For example,

   Example 3.6. Using environment variables in configuration files

 set record=+sent_on_$HOSTNAME

   will  cause   Mutt  to   save  outgoing   messages  to   a  folder   named
   "sent_on_kremvax"  if  the  environment  variable  $HOSTNAME  is  set   to
   "kremvax." (See $record for details.)

   Mutt expands the variable when it is assigned, not when it is used. If the
   value of a variable on the right-hand side of an assignment changes  after
   the assignment, the variable on the left-hand side will not be affected.

   The commands understood by Mutt are explained in the next paragraphs.  For
   a complete list, see the command reference.

   All configuration  files are  expected  to be  in  the current  locale  as
   specified by  the $charset  variable which  doesn't have  a default  value
   since it's determined by Mutt at  startup. If a configuration file is  not
   encoded in the same character  set the $config_charset variable should  be
   used: all lines starting with the next are recoded from $config_charset to
   $charset.

   This mechanism  should be  avoided if  possible as  it has  the  following
   implications:

     o These  variables should  be set  early in  a configuration  file  with
       $charset preceding $config_charset so Mutt knows what character set to
       convert to.

     o If $config_charset is set, it should be set in each configuration file
       because the value is global and not per configuration file.

     o Because Mutt first recodes  a line before it  attempts to parse it,  a
       conversion introducing question marks or  other characters as part  of
       errors  (unconvertable  characters,  transliteration)  may   introduce
       syntax errors or silently change  the meaning of certain tokens  (e.g.
       inserting question marks into regular expressions).

3. Address Groups

   Usage:

   group [ -group name ...] { -rx expr ... | -addr expr ... }
   ungroup [ -group name ...] { * | -rx expr ... | -addr expr ... }

   Mutt supports grouping addresses logically  into named groups. An  address
   or address pattern can  appear in several groups  at the same time.  These
   groups can be used in patterns  (for searching, limiting and tagging)  and
   in hooks by using group patterns. This can be useful to classify mail  and
   take certain  actions depending  on in  what groups  the message  is.  For
   example, the  mutt  user's mailing  list  would fit  into  the  categories
   "mailing list" and "mutt-related". Using send-hook, the sender can be  set
   to a dedicated one  for writing mailing list  messages, and the  signature
   could be set to a mutt-related one for writing to a mutt list -- for other
   lists, the list sender setting still applies but a different signature can
   be selected. Or, given a group only containing recipients known to  accept
   encrypted mail, "auto-encryption" can be achieved easily.

   The group command  is used  to directly  add either  addresses or  regular
   expressions to the specified group or groups. The different categories  of
   arguments to the  group command can  be in  any order. The  flags -rx  and
   -addr specify what the following strings (that cannot begin with a hyphen)
   should be interpreted as: either a regular expression or an email address,
   respectively.

   These address groups can also be  created implicitly by the alias,  lists,
   subscribe and  alternates  commands  by  specifying  the  optional  -group
   option. For example,

 alternates -group me address1 address2
 alternates -group me -group work address3

   would create a group  named "me" which contains  all your addresses and  a
   group named "work" which contains only your work address address3. Besides
   many other possibilities, this  could be used  to automatically mark  your
   own messages in a mailing list folder  as read or use a special  signature
   for work-related messages.

   The ungroup command  is used  to remove addresses  or regular  expressions
   from the specified  group or groups.  The syntax is  similar to the  group
   command, however the special character * can  be used to empty a group  of
   all of its contents. As soon as  a group gets empty because all  addresses
   and regular expressions  have been removed,  it'll internally be  removed,
   too  (i.e.  there  cannot  be  an  empty  group).  When  removing  regular
   expressions from a group, the pattern  must be specified exactly as  given
   to the group command or -group argument.

4. Defining/Using Aliases

   Usage:

   alias [ -group name ...] key address [ address ...]
   unalias [ -group name ...] { * | key ... }

   It's usually  very cumbersome  to  remember or  type  out the  address  of
   someone you are communicating  with. Mutt allows  you to create  "aliases"
   which map a short string to a full address.

  Note

   If you  want to  create  an alias  for more  than  one address,  you  must
   separate the addresses with a comma (",").

   The optional -group argument to alias causes the aliased address(es) to be
   added to the named group.

   To remove an alias or aliases ("*" means all aliases):

 alias muttdude me@cs.hmc.edu (Michael Elkins)
 alias theguys manny, moe, jack

   Unlike other mailers,  Mutt doesn't  require aliases  to be  defined in  a
   special file. The  alias command  can appear anywhere  in a  configuration
   file, as long as this file is sourced. Consequently, you can have multiple
   alias files, or you can have all aliases defined in your .muttrc.

   On the other hand, the <create-alias> function can use only one file,  the
   one pointed  to  by  the  $alias_file  variable  (which  is  ~/.muttrc  by
   default). This file  is not special  either, in the  sense that Mutt  will
   happily append aliases to any  file, but in order  for the new aliases  to
   take effect you need to explicitly source this file too.

   Example 3.7. Configuring external alias files

 source /usr/local/share/Mutt.aliases
 source ~/.mail_aliases
 set alias_file=~/.mail_aliases

   To use aliases, you merely use the  alias at any place in Mutt where  Mutt
   prompts for addresses, such as the To:  or Cc: prompt. You can also  enter
   aliases in  your  editor  at  the appropriate  headers  if  you  have  the
   $edit_headers variable set.

   In addition, at the various address prompts, you can use the tab character
   to expand  a  partial alias  to  the full  alias.  If there  are  multiple
   matches, Mutt will bring up a menu with the matching aliases. In order  to
   be presented with the  full list of  aliases, you must  hit tab without  a
   partial alias, such as  at the beginning  of the prompt  or after a  comma
   denoting multiple addresses.

   In the alias menu,  you can select  as many aliases as  you want with  the
   select-entry key (default: <Return>), and use the exit key (default: q) to
   return to the address prompt.

5. Changing the Default Key Bindings

   Usage:

   bind map key function

   This command  allows you  to change  the default  key bindings  (operation
   invoked when pressing a key).

   map specifies in  which menu  the binding  belongs. Multiple  maps may  be
   specified by  separating them  with commas  (no additional  whitespace  is
   allowed). The currently defined maps are:

   generic

           This is not a real menu, but is used as a fallback for all of  the
           other menus except for the pager and editor modes. If a key is not
           defined in another menu,  Mutt will look for  a binding to use  in
           this menu. This allows you to bind a key to a certain function  in
           multiple menus  instead  of  having multiple  bind  statements  to
           accomplish the same task.

   alias

           The alias menu is the list of your personal aliases as defined  in
           your .muttrc. It  is the mapping  from a short  alias name to  the
           full email address(es) of the recipient(s).

   attach

           The attachment menu is used to access the attachments on  received
           messages.

   browser

           The  browser  is  used  for  both  browsing  the  local  directory
           structure, and for listing all of your incoming mailboxes.

   editor

           The editor is used  to allow the  user to enter  a single line  of
           text, such as the To or Subject prompts in the compose menu.

   index

           The index is the list of messages contained in a mailbox.

   compose

           The compose menu is the screen used when sending a new message.

   pager

           The pager is the mode used to display message/attachment data, and
           help listings.

   pgp

           The pgp menu is  used to select the  OpenPGP keys used to  encrypt
           outgoing messages.

   smime

           The smime menu is used to select the OpenSSL certificates used  to
           encrypt outgoing messages.

   postpone

           The postpone menu  is similar to  the index menu,  except is  used
           when recalling a message the  user was composing, but saved  until
           later.

   query

           The  query  menu   is  the   browser  for   results  returned   by
           $query_command.

   mix

           The mixmaster  screen  is  used to  select  remailer  options  for
           outgoing messages (if Mutt is compiled with Mixmaster support).

   key is the key (or  key sequence) you wish to  bind. To specify a  control
   character, use the  sequence \Cx,  where x is  the letter  of the  control
   character (for example,  to specify  control-A use "\Ca").  Note that  the
   case of x as well as \C is ignored, so that \CA, \Ca, \cA and \ca are  all
   equivalent. An alternative  form is to  specify the key  as a three  digit
   octal number prefixed with a "\" (for example \177 is equivalent to  \c?).
   In addition, key may be a symbolic  name as shown in Table 3.1,  "Symbolic
   key names".

   Table 3.1. Symbolic key names

   +-------------------------------------+
   | Symbolic name |       Meaning       |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | \t            | tab                 |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <tab>         | tab                 |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <backtab>     | backtab / shift-tab |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | \r            | carriage return     |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | \n            | newline             |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | \e            | escape              |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <esc>         | escape              |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <up>          | up arrow            |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <down>        | down arrow          |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <left>        | left arrow          |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <right>       | right arrow         |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <pageup>      | Page Up             |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <pagedown>    | Page Down           |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <backspace>   | Backspace           |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <delete>      | Delete              |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <insert>      | Insert              |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <enter>       | Enter               |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <return>      | Return              |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <home>        | Home                |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <end>         | End                 |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <space>       | Space bar           |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <f1>          | function key 1      |
   |---------------+---------------------|
   | <f10>         | function key 10     |
   +-------------------------------------+

   key does not  need to be  enclosed in  quotes unless it  contains a  space
   (" ") or semi-colon (";").

   function specifies  which  action to  take  when  key is  pressed.  For  a
   complete list of functions, see the reference. Note that the bind  expects
   function to be specified without angle brackets.

   The special function <noop> unbinds the specified key sequence.

6. Defining Aliases for Character Sets

   Usage:

   charset-hook alias charset
   iconv-hook charset local-charset

   The charset-hook command  defines an alias  for a character  set. This  is
   useful to properly display messages which are tagged with a character  set
   name not known to Mutt.

   The iconv-hook command defines a system-specific name for a character set.
   This is helpful when your systems character conversion library insists  on
   using strange, system-specific names for character sets.

7. Setting Variables Based Upon Mailbox

   Usage:

   folder-hook [!]regexp command

   It is often desirable  to change settings based  on which mailbox you  are
   reading. The  folder-hook  command provides  a  method by  which  you  can
   execute  any  configuration  command.  regexp  is  a  regular   expression
   specifying in  which mailboxes  to execute  command before  loading. If  a
   mailbox matches  multiple folder-hooks,  they are  executed in  the  order
   given in the .muttrc.

  Note

   If you  use  the "!"  shortcut  for $spoolfile  at  the beginning  of  the
   pattern, you must place it inside of  double or single quotes in order  to
   distinguish it from the logical not operator for the expression.

  Note

   Settings are  not restored  when you  leave the  mailbox. For  example,  a
   command action to perform is to  change the sorting method based upon  the
   mailbox being read:

 folder-hook mutt "set sort=threads"

   However, the sorting  method is not  restored to its  previous value  when
   reading a different mailbox. To specify a default command, use the pattern
   "." before  other folder-hooks  adjusting a  value on  a per-folder  basis
   because folder-hooks are evaluated in the order given in the configuration
   file.

   The following example  will set  the sort  variable to  date-sent for  all
   folders but to threads for all folders containing "mutt" in their name.

   Example 3.8. Setting sort method based on mailbox name

 folder-hook . "set sort=date-sent"
 folder-hook mutt "set sort=threads"

8. Keyboard Macros

   Usage:

   macro menu key sequence [ description ]

   Macros are useful when you would like a single key to perform a series  of
   actions. When you press key in menu  menu, Mutt will behave as if you  had
   typed sequence. So if you have a common sequence of commands you type, you
   can create a macro to  execute those commands with  a single key or  fewer
   keys.

   menu is the map  which the macro  will be bound in.  Multiple maps may  be
   specified by separating multiple menu arguments by commas. Whitespace  may
   not be used in between the menu arguments and the commas separating them.

   key and sequence are expanded by the  same rules as the key bindings  with
   some additions. The first is that control characters in sequence can  also
   be specified as  ^x. In order  to get a  caret ("^") you  need to use  ^^.
   Secondly, to specify  a certain key  such as  up or to  invoke a  function
   directly, you can  use the format  <key name> and  <function name>. For  a
   listing of key names see the section on key bindings. Functions are listed
   in the reference.

   The advantage with using function names  directly is that the macros  will
   work regardless of the current key bindings, so they are not dependent  on
   the user having particular  key definitions. This  makes them more  robust
   and portable, and  also facilitates defining  of macros in  files used  by
   more than one user (e.g., the system Muttrc).

   Optionally you can  specify a  descriptive text after  sequence, which  is
   shown in the help screens if they contain a description.

  Note

   Macro definitions  (if any)  listed in  the help  screen(s), are  silently
   truncated at the screen width, and are not wrapped.

9. Using Color and Mono Video Attributes

   Usage:

   color object foreground background
   color { header | body } foreground background regexp
   color index foreground background pattern
   uncolor { index | header | body } { * | pattern ... }

   If your terminal supports  color, you can spice  up Mutt by creating  your
   own color scheme. To define the color of an object (type of  information),
   you must specify both a foreground color and a background color (it is not
   possible to only specify one or the other).

   header and  body match  regexp  in the  header/body  of a  message,  index
   matches  pattern  (see  Section  3,  "Patterns:  Searching,  Limiting  and
   Tagging") in the message index.

   object can be one of:

     o attachment

     o bold (highlighting bold patterns in the body of messages)

     o error (error messages printed by Mutt)

     o hdrdefault (default color of the message header in the pager)

     o indicator (arrow or bar used to indicate the current item in a menu)

     o markers (the  "+" markers  at the beginning  of wrapped  lines in  the
       pager)

     o message (informational messages)

     o normal

     o quoted (text matching $quote_regexp in the body of a message)

     o quoted1, quoted2, ..., quotedN (higher levels of quoting)

     o search (highlighting of words in the pager)

     o signature

     o status (mode lines used to display info about the mailbox or message)

     o tilde (the "~" used to pad blank lines in the pager)

     o tree (thread tree drawn in the message index and attachment menu)

     o underline (highlighting underlined patterns in the body of messages)

   foreground and background can be one of the following:

     o white

     o black

     o green

     o magenta

     o blue

     o cyan

     o yellow

     o red

     o default

     o colorx

   foreground can optionally be prefixed with the keyword bright to make  the
   foreground color boldfaced (e.g., brightred).

   If your terminal supports it, the special keyword default can be used as a
   transparent color.  The value  brightdefault  is also  valid. If  Mutt  is
   linked against the  S-Lang library, you  also need to  set the  $COLORFGBG
   environment variable to the  default colors of your  terminal for this  to
   work; for example (for Bourne-like shells):

 set COLORFGBG="green;black"
 export COLORFGBG

  Note

   The S-Lang library requires  you to use the  lightgray and brown  keywords
   instead of white and yellow when setting this variable.

  Note

   The uncolor command can be applied  to the index, header and body  objects
   only. It removes entries from the list. You must specify the same  pattern
   specified in the color command for it to be removed. The pattern "*" is  a
   special token which means to clear the color list of all entries.

   Mutt also recognizes the keywords  color0, color1, ..., colorN-1 (N  being
   the number of colors supported by your terminal). This is useful when  you
   remap the  colors for  your display  (for example  by changing  the  color
   associated with color2 for  your xterm), since color  names may then  lose
   their normal meaning.

   If your terminal does not support  color, it is still possible change  the
   video attributes through the use of the "mono" command. Usage:

   mono object attribute
   mono { header | body } attribute regexp
   mono index attribute pattern
   unmono { index | header | body } { * | pattern ... }

   For object, see the color command. attribute can be one of the following:

     o none

     o bold

     o underline

     o reverse

     o standout

10. Message Header Display

  10.1. Header Display

   When displaying a message  in the pager, Mutt  folds long header lines  at
   $wrap columns. Though there're precise rules about where to break and how,
   Mutt always folds  headers using  a tab  for readability.  (Note that  the
   sending side is not  affected by this, Mutt  tries to implement  standards
   compliant folding.)

  10.2. Selecting Headers

   Usage:

   ignore pattern [ pattern ...]
   unignore { * | pattern ... }

   Messages often  have  many header  fields  added by  automatic  processing
   systems, or  which may  not seem  useful to  display on  the screen.  This
   command allows you to specify header fields which you don't normally  want
   to see in the pager.

   You do  not need  to specify  the  full header  field name.  For  example,
   "ignore content-"  will  ignore all  header  fields that  begin  with  the
   pattern "content-". "ignore *" will ignore all headers.

   To remove  a previously  added token  from the  list, use  the  "unignore"
   command. The "unignore" command  will make Mutt  display headers with  the
   given pattern.  For example,  if you  do  "ignore x-"  it is  possible  to
   "unignore x-mailer".

   "unignore *" will remove all tokens from the ignore list.

   Example 3.9. Header weeding

 # Sven's draconian header weeding
 ignore *
 unignore from date subject to cc
 unignore organization organisation x-mailer: x-newsreader: x-mailing-list:
 unignore posted-to:

  10.3. Ordering Displayed Headers

   Usage:

   hdr_order header [ header ...]
   unhdr_order { * | header ... }

   With the hdr_order  command you can  specify an order  in which Mutt  will
   attempt to present these headers to you when viewing messages.

   "unhdr_order *" will clear all previous headers from the order list,  thus
   removing the header order effects set by the system-wide startup file.

   Example 3.10. Configuring header display order

 hdr_order From Date: From: To: Cc: Subject:

11. Alternative Addresses

   Usage:

   alternates [ -group name ...] regexp [ regexp ...]
   unalternates [ -group name ...] { * | regexp ... }

   With various functions, Mutt will treat messages differently, depending on
   whether you sent them or whether you received them from someone else.  For
   instance, when replying to a message  that you sent to a different  party,
   Mutt will  automatically suggest  to  send the  response to  the  original
   message's recipients -- responding  to yourself won't  make much sense  in
   many cases. (See $reply_to.)

   Many users receive e-mail under a number of different addresses. To  fully
   use Mutt's  features here,  the program  must be  able to  recognize  what
   e-mail addresses  you  receive  mail  under. That's  the  purpose  of  the
   alternates command: It takes a list of regular expressions, each of  which
   can identify an address under which you receive e-mail.

   As addresses are matched  using regular expressions  and not exact  strict
   comparisons, you should make sure you specify your addresses as precise as
   possible to avoid mismatches. For example, if you specify:

 alternates user@example

   Mutt will consider  "some-user@example" as being  your address, too  which
   may not  be desired.  As a  solution, in  such cases  addresses should  be
   specified as:

 alternates '^user@example$'

   The -group flag  causes all of  the subsequent regular  expressions to  be
   added to the named group.

   The unalternates command  can be  used to write  exceptions to  alternates
   patterns. If an address  matches something in  an alternates command,  but
   you nonetheless do not think it is  from you, you can list a more  precise
   pattern under an unalternates command.

   To  remove  a  regular  expression  from  the  alternates  list,  use  the
   unalternates command with exactly the same regexp. Likewise, if the regexp
   for an alternates command matches an entry on the unalternates list,  that
   unalternates entry will be removed. If the regexp for unalternates is "*",
   all entries on alternates will be removed.

12. Mailing Lists

   Usage:

   lists [ -group name ...] regexp [ regexp ...]
   unlists { * | regexp ... }
   subscribe [ -group name ...] regexp [ regexp ...]
   unsubscribe { * | regexp ... }

   Mutt has a few nice features for handling mailing lists. In order to  take
   advantage of  them, you  must specify  which addresses  belong to  mailing
   lists, and  which mailing  lists  you are  subscribed  to. Mutt  also  has
   limited support  for auto-detecting  mailing  lists: it  supports  parsing
   mailto: links in the common List-Post: header which has the same effect as
   specifying the  list  address via  the  lists command  (except  the  group
   feature). Once you have done this, the <list-reply> function will work for
   all known lists.  Additionally, when you  send a message  to a  subscribed
   list, Mutt will add  a Mail-Followup-To header to  tell other users'  mail
   user agents not to send copies of replies to your personal address.

  Note

   The Mail-Followup-To  header  is a  non-standard  extension which  is  not
   supported by all mail user agents.  Adding it is not bullet-proof  against
   receiving personal CCs of list messages. Also note that the generation  of
   the  Mail-Followup-To   header   is   controlled   by   the   $followup_to
   configuration variable since it's common practice on some mailing lists to
   send Cc upon replies (which is more a group- than a list-reply).

   More precisely,  Mutt maintains  lists of  patterns for  the addresses  of
   known and  subscribed  mailing lists.  Every  subscribed mailing  list  is
   known. To mark a mailing list as  known, use the list command. To mark  it
   as subscribed, use subscribe.

   You can use regular expressions with  both commands. To mark all  messages
   sent to a specific bug report's address on Debian's bug tracking system as
   list mail, for instance, you could say

 subscribe [0-9]*.*@bugs.debian.org

   as it's  often sufficient  to just  give a  portion of  the list's  e-mail
   address.

   Specify as much of  the address as  you need to  to remove ambiguity.  For
   example, if you've subscribed to the  Mutt mailing list, you will  receive
   mail addressed to  mutt-users@mutt.org. So, to  tell Mutt that  this is  a
   mailing list, you could add lists mutt-users@ to your initialization file.
   To tell Mutt that  you are subscribed to  it, add subscribe mutt-users  to
   your initialization file  instead. If  you also  happen to  get mail  from
   someone whose  address  is  mutt-users@example.com, you  could  use  lists
   ^mutt-users@mutt\\.org$ or subscribe ^mutt-users@mutt\\.org$ to match only
   mail from the actual list.

   The -group flag  adds all  of the  subsequent regular  expressions to  the
   named address group in addition to adding to the specified address list.

   The "unlists" command is used to remove a token from the list of known and
   subscribed mailing-lists. Use "unlists *" to remove all tokens.

   To remove a mailing  list from the list  of subscribed mailing lists,  but
   keep it on the list of known mailing lists, use unsubscribe.

13. Using Multiple Spool Mailboxes

   Usage:

   mbox-hook [!]pattern mailbox

   This command is used to move read  messages from a specified mailbox to  a
   different mailbox automatically when you  quit or change folders.  pattern
   is a  regular expression  specifying the  mailbox to  treat as  a  "spool"
   mailbox and mailbox specifies where mail should be saved when read.

   Unlike some of the other hook commands, only the first matching pattern is
   used (it is not possible to save read mail in more than a single mailbox).

14. Monitoring Incoming Mail

   Usage:

   mailboxes mailbox [ mailbox ...]
   unmailboxes { * | mailbox ... }

   This command specifies folders  which can receive mail  and which will  be
   checked for new messages periodically.

   folder can either be a local file or directory (Mbox/Mmdf or  Maildir/Mh).
   If Mutt was  built with  POP and/or  IMAP support,  folder can  also be  a
   POP/IMAP folder URL.  The URL  syntax is  described in  Section 1.2,  "URL
   Syntax", POP  and IMAP  are described  in Section  3, "POP3  Support"  and
   Section 4, "IMAP Support" respectively.

   Mutt provides a number of  advanced features for handling (possibly  many)
   folders and new mail  within them, please refer  to Section 10, "New  Mail
   Detection" for details (including  in what situations  and how often  Mutt
   checks for new mail).

   The "unmailboxes"  command is  used to  remove a  token from  the list  of
   folders which receive mail. Use "unmailboxes *" to remove all tokens.

  Note

   The folders in  the mailboxes  command are  resolved when  the command  is
   executed, so if these names contain  shortcut characters (such as "="  and
   "!"), any variable definition that affects these characters (like  $folder
   and $spoolfile) should  be set before  the mailboxes command.  If none  of
   these shortcuts are  used, a local  path should be  absolute as  otherwise
   Mutt tries  to find  it relative  to  the directory  from where  Mutt  was
   started which may not always be desired.

15. User-Defined Headers

   Usage:

   my_hdr string
   unmy_hdr { * | field ... }

   The my_hdr command allows you to create your own header fields which  will
   be  added  to  every  message  you  send  and  appear  in  the  editor  if
   $edit_headers is set.

   For example, if you would like  to add an "Organization:" header field  to
   all of your  outgoing messages,  you can  put the  command something  like
   shown in Example 3.11, "Defining custom headers" in your .muttrc.

   Example 3.11. Defining custom headers

 my_hdr Organization: A Really Big Company, Anytown, USA

  Note

   Space characters are not allowed between the keyword and the colon  (":").
   The standard  for electronic  mail (RFC2822)  says that  space is  illegal
   there, so Mutt enforces the rule.

   If you would like to  add a header field to  a single message, you  should
   either set the $edit_headers variable, or use the <edit-headers>  function
   (default: "E") in the compose menu so that you can edit the header of your
   message along with the body.

   To remove user defined  header fields, use the  unmy_hdr command. You  may
   specify an asterisk ("*")  to remove all header  fields, or the fields  to
   remove. For example, to remove all "To" and "Cc" header fields, you  could
   use:

 unmy_hdr to cc

16. Specify Default Save Mailbox

   Usage:

   save-hook [!]pattern mailbox

   This command is  used to  override the  default mailbox  used when  saving
   messages. mailbox  will be  used as  the default  if the  message  matches
   pattern, see  Message  Matching in  Hooks  for information  on  the  exact
   format.

   To provide more flexibility and  good defaults, Mutt applies the  expandos
   of $index_format to mailbox after it was expanded.

   Example 3.12. Using %-expandos in save-hook

 # default: save all to ~/Mail/<author name>
 save-hook . ~/Mail/%F

 # save from me@turing.cs.hmc.edu and me@cs.hmc.edu to $folder/elkins
 save-hook me@(turing\\.)?cs\\.hmc\\.edu$ +elkins

 # save from aol.com to $folder/spam
 save-hook aol\\.com$ +spam

   Also see the fcc-save-hook command.

17. Specify Default Fcc: Mailbox When Composing

   Usage:

   fcc-hook [!]pattern mailbox

   This command  is  used to  save  outgoing mail  in  a mailbox  other  than
   $record. Mutt  searches the  initial list  of message  recipients for  the
   first matching regexp and uses mailbox as the default Fcc: mailbox. If  no
   match is found the message will be saved to $record mailbox.

   To provide more flexibility and  good defaults, Mutt applies the  expandos
   of $index_format to mailbox after it was expanded.

   See Message  Matching in  Hooks for  information on  the exact  format  of
   pattern.

 fcc-hook [@.]aol\\.com$ +spammers

   ...will save a copy  of all messages  going to the  aol.com domain to  the
   `+spammers' mailbox by default. Also see the fcc-save-hook command.

18. Specify Default Save Filename and Default Fcc: Mailbox at Once

   Usage:

   fcc-save-hook [!]pattern mailbox

   This command is  a shortcut,  equivalent to doing  both a  fcc-hook and  a
   save-hook with its arguments,  including %-expansion on mailbox  according
   to $index_format.

19. Change Settings Based Upon Message Recipients

   Usage:

   reply-hook [!]pattern command
   send-hook [!]pattern command
   send2-hook [!]pattern command

   These commands can  be used  to execute  arbitrary configuration  commands
   based upon  recipients  of the  message.  pattern  is used  to  match  the
   message, see Message Matching  in Hooks for  details. command is  executed
   when pattern matches.

   reply-hook is matched against the message you are replying to, instead  of
   the message you are  sending. send-hook is  matched against all  messages,
   both new and replies.

  Note

   reply-hooks are  matched before  the send-hook,  regardless of  the  order
   specified in the user's configuration file.

   send2-hook is matched every time a  message is changed, either by  editing
   it, or by  using the  compose menu to  change its  recipients or  subject.
   send2-hook is executed  after send-hook,  and can,  e.g., be  used to  set
   parameters such  as  the $sendmail  variable  depending on  the  message's
   sender address.

   For each type  of send-hook  or reply-hook, when  multiple matches  occur,
   commands are executed in the order they are specified in the .muttrc  (for
   that type of hook).

   Example: send-hook mutt "set mime_forward signature=''"

   Another typical  use for  this command  is  to change  the values  of  the
   $attribution, $signature  and $locale  variables in  order to  change  the
   language of the attributions and signatures based upon the recipients.

  Note

   send-hook's are  only executed  once  after getting  the initial  list  of
   recipients. Adding a recipient after replying or editing the message  will
   not cause any send-hook to be executed, similarly if $autoedit is set  (as
   then the  initial list  of recipients  is empty).  Also note  that  my_hdr
   commands which modify recipient headers,  or the message's subject,  don't
   have any effect on the current message when executed from a send-hook.

20. Change Settings Before Formatting a Message

   Usage:

   message-hook [!]pattern command

   This command  can  be used  to  execute arbitrary  configuration  commands
   before viewing or formatting  a message based  upon information about  the
   message. command is  executed if  the pattern  matches the  message to  be
   displayed. When multiple matches occur, commands are executed in the order
   they are specified in the .muttrc.

   See Message  Matching in  Hooks for  information on  the exact  format  of
   pattern.

   Example:

 message-hook ~A 'set pager=builtin'
 message-hook '~f freshmeat-news' 'set pager="less \"+/^  subject: .*\""'

21. Choosing the Cryptographic Key of the Recipient

   Usage:

   crypt-hook pattern keyid

   When encrypting  messages  with PGP/GnuPG  or  OpenSSL, you  may  want  to
   associate a certain key with a given e-mail address automatically,  either
   because the recipient's public key  can't be deduced from the  destination
   address, or because, for some reasons,  you need to override the key  Mutt
   would normally use. The crypt-hook command provides a method by which  you
   can specify the ID of the public  key to be used when encrypting  messages
   to a certain recipient.

   The meaning of  keyid is  to be  taken broadly  in this  context: You  can
   either put a numerical key ID here, an e-mail address, or even just a real
   name.

22. Adding Key Sequences to the Keyboard Buffer

   Usage:

   push string

   This command adds the named string to the keyboard buffer. The string  may
   contain control characters, key names and function names like the sequence
   string in  the  macro command.  You  may use  it  to automatically  run  a
   sequence of commands  at startup,  or when entering  certain folders.  For
   example, Example  3.13,  "Embedding  push in  folder-hook"  shows  how  to
   automatically collapse all threads when entering a folder.

   Example 3.13. Embedding push in folder-hook

 folder-hook . 'push <collapse-all>'

   For using functions like shown in the example, it's important to use angle
   brackets ("<" and  ">") to  make Mutt recognize  the input  as a  function
   name. Otherwise it  will simulate individual  just keystrokes, i.e.  "push
   collapse-all" would be interpreted  as if you had  typed "c", followed  by
   "o", followed by  "l", ...,  which is  not desired  and may  lead to  very
   unexpected behavior.

   Keystrokes can be used, too, but are less portable because of  potentially
   changed key bindings.  With default  bindings, this is  equivalent to  the
   above example:

 folder-hook . 'push \eV'

   because it simulates that Esc+V was pressed (which is the default  binding
   of <collapse-all>).

23. Executing Functions

   Usage:

   exec function [ function ...]

   This command can be used to execute any function. Functions are listed  in
   the  function   reference.  "exec   function"  is   equivalent  to   "push
   <function>".

24. Message Scoring

   Usage:

   score pattern value
   unscore { * | pattern ... }

   The score commands adds value to a message's score if pattern matches  it.
   pattern is a string in the format described in the patterns section (note:
   For efficiency reasons, patterns which  scan information not available  in
   the index, such as ~b, ~B or ~h, may not be used). value is a positive  or
   negative integer. A message's final score is the sum total of all matching
   score entries. However, you may optionally prefix value with an equal sign
   ("=") to cause  evaluation to stop  at a  particular entry if  there is  a
   match. Negative final scores are rounded up to 0.

   The unscore command removes score entries from the list. You must  specify
   the same pattern specified in the score command for it to be removed.  The
   pattern "*" is a special token which means to clear the list of all  score
   entries.

25. Spam Detection

   Usage:

   spam pattern format
   nospam { * | pattern }

   Mutt  has  generalized  support  for  external  spam-scoring  filters.  By
   defining your spam  patterns with the  spam and nospam  commands, you  can
   limit, search,  and  sort your  mail  based  on its  spam  attributes,  as
   determined  by  the  external  filter.  You  also  can  display  the  spam
   attributes  in  your  index   display  using  the   %H  selector  in   the
   $index_format variable. (Tip:  try %?H?[%H]  ? to display  spam tags  only
   when they are defined for a given message.)

   Your first step is  to define your external  filter's spam patterns  using
   the spam command. pattern  should be a regular  expression that matches  a
   header in  a mail  message. If  any message  in the  mailbox matches  this
   regular expression,  it will  receive  a "spam  tag" or  "spam  attribute"
   (unless it also matches a nospam pattern -- see below.) The appearance  of
   this attribute  is entirely  up to  you,  and is  governed by  the  format
   parameter. format  can  be  any  static text,  but  it  also  can  include
   back-references  from  the  pattern  expression.  (A  regular   expression
   "back-reference" refers to a sub-expression contained within parentheses.)
   %1 is replaced  with the first  back-reference in the  regex, %2 with  the
   second, etc.

   To match spam tags, mutt needs the corresponding header information  which
   is always the  case for  local and  POP folders but  not for  IMAP in  the
   default configuration.  Depending  on  the spam  header  to  be  analyzed,
   $imap_headers may need to be adjusted.

   If you're using multiple  spam filters, a message  can have more than  one
   spam-related header. You can define spam patterns for each filter you use.
   If  a  message   matches  two  or   more  of  these   patterns,  and   the
   $spam_separator variable is set to a  string, then the message's spam  tag
   will consist of all the format strings joined together, with the value  of
   $spam_separator separating them.

   For example, suppose one uses DCC, SpamAssassin, and PureMessage, then the
   configuration  might  look  like   in  Example  3.14,  "Configuring   spam
   detection".

   Example 3.14. Configuring spam detection

 spam "X-DCC-.*-Metrics:.*(....)=many"         "90+/DCC-%1"
 spam "X-Spam-Status: Yes"                     "90+/SA"
 spam "X-PerlMX-Spam: .*Probability=([0-9]+)%" "%1/PM"
 set spam_separator=", "

   If then a message is received  that DCC registered with "many" hits  under
   the  "Fuz2"  checksum,  and  that   PureMessage  registered  with  a   97%
   probability  of  being   spam,  that   message's  spam   tag  would   read
   90+/DCC-Fuz2, 97/PM. (The four characters  before "=many" in a DCC  report
   indicate the checksum used -- in this case, "Fuz2".)

   If the $spam_separator  variable is  unset, then each  spam pattern  match
   supersedes the previous  one. Instead  of getting  joined format  strings,
   you'll get only the last one to match.

   The spam tag is what will be displayed in the index when you use %H in the
   $index_format variable. It's also the string that the ~H  pattern-matching
   expression matches against  for <search> and  <limit> functions. And  it's
   what sorting by spam attribute will use as a sort key.

   That's a pretty complicated example, and most people's actual environments
   will have only one spam filter.  The simpler your configuration, the  more
   effective Mutt can be, especially when it comes to sorting.

   Generally, when you sort by spam tag, Mutt will sort lexically -- that is,
   by ordering strings alphanumerically. However, if a spam tag begins with a
   number, Mutt  will sort  numerically first,  and lexically  only when  two
   numbers are equal in value. (This is like UNIX's sort -n.) A message  with
   no spam attributes at all  -- that is, one that  didn't match any of  your
   spam patterns -- is  sorted at lowest priority.  Numbers are sorted  next,
   beginning with  0 and  ranging upward.  Finally, non-numeric  strings  are
   sorted, with  "a" taking  lower priority  than "z".  Clearly, in  general,
   sorting by spam tags is most effective when you can coerce your filter  to
   give you a raw number. But in case you can't, Mutt can still do  something
   useful.

   The nospam command can be used to write exceptions to spam patterns. If  a
   header pattern matches something in a spam command, but you nonetheless do
   not want it to  receive a spam  tag, you can list  a more precise  pattern
   under a nospam command.

   If the pattern given to  nospam is exactly the same  as the pattern on  an
   existing spam list entry, the effect will be to remove the entry from  the
   spam list, instead of adding an exception. Likewise, if the pattern for  a
   spam command matches an entry on  the nospam list, that nospam entry  will
   be removed. If the pattern  for nospam is "*",  all entries on both  lists
   will be removed.  This might be  the default  action if you  use spam  and
   nospam in conjunction with a folder-hook.

   You can have as many spam or nospam commands as you like. You can even  do
   your own  primitive spam  detection within  Mutt --  for example,  if  you
   consider all  mail from  MAILER-DAEMON to  be  spam, you  can use  a  spam
   command like this:

 spam "^From: .*MAILER-DAEMON"       "999"

26. Setting and Querying Variables

  26.1. Variable Types

   Mutt supports these types of configuration variables:

   boolean

           A boolean expression, either "yes" or "no".

   number

           A signed integer number in the range -32768 to 32767.

   string

           Arbitrary text.

   path

           A specialized string for representing paths including support  for
           mailbox shortcuts (see Section 8, "Mailbox Shortcuts") as well  as
           tilde ("~") for a user's home directory and more.

   quadoption

           Like a boolean  but triggers  a prompt  when set  to "ask-yes"  or
           "ask-no" with "yes" and "no" preselected respectively.

   sort order

           A specialized  string allowing  only  particular words  as  values
           depending on the variable.

   regular expression

           A regular expression, see Section 2, "Regular Expressions" for  an
           introduction.

   folder magic

           Specifies the type of  folder to use: mbox,  mmdf, mh or  maildir.
           Currently only  used  to  determine the  type  for  newly  created
           folders.

   e-mail address

           An e-mail  address  either with  or  without realname.  The  older
           "user@example.org (Joe  User)"  form  is  supported  but  strongly
           deprecated.

   user-defined

           Arbitrary text,  see Section  26.3, "User-Defined  Variables"  for
           details.

  26.2. Commands

   The following commands are available to manipulate and query variables:

   Usage:

   set { [ no | inv ] variable | variable=value } [...]
   toggle variable [ variable ...]
   unset variable [ variable ...]
   reset variable [ variable ...]

   This command is used to set (and unset) configuration variables. There are
   four basic types  of variables:  boolean, number,  string and  quadoption.
   boolean variables can be set (true) or unset (false). number variables can
   be assigned  a positive  integer value.  string variables  consist of  any
   number of printable  characters and  must be  enclosed in  quotes if  they
   contain spaces or  tabs. You may  also use the  escape sequences "\n"  and
   "\t" for newline and tab,  respectively. quadoption variables are used  to
   control whether or not to be prompted for certain actions, or to specify a
   default action. A value  of yes will  cause the action  to be carried  out
   automatically as if  you had answered  yes to the  question. Similarly,  a
   value of no will cause the action to be carried out as if you had answered
   "no." A value  of ask-yes will  cause a  prompt with a  default answer  of
   "yes" and ask-no will provide a default answer of "no."

   Prefixing a variable with "no" will unset it. Example: set noaskbcc.

   For boolean variables, you  may optionally prefix  the variable name  with
   inv to toggle the value (on or  off). This is useful when writing  macros.
   Example: set invsmart_wrap.

   The toggle command automatically prepends the inv prefix to all  specified
   variables.

   The unset command automatically  prepends the no  prefix to all  specified
   variables.

   Using the <enter-command> function  in the index menu,  you can query  the
   value of a variable by prefixing the name of the variable with a  question
   mark:

 set ?allow_8bit

   The question mark  is actually  only required for  boolean and  quadoption
   variables.

   The reset command resets all given variables to the compile time  defaults
   (hopefully mentioned  in this  manual). If  you use  the command  set  and
   prefix the  variable with  "&" this  has the  same behavior  as the  reset
   command.

   With the  reset command  there exists  the special  variable "all",  which
   allows you to reset all variables to their system defaults.

  26.3. User-Defined Variables

    26.3.1. Introduction

   Along with the  variables listed in  the Configuration variables  section,
   Mutt supports user-defined variables with  names starting with my_ as  in,
   for example, my_cfgdir.

   The set command either creates a custom my_ variable or changes its  value
   if it does exist already. The unset and reset commands remove the variable
   entirely.

   Since user-defined variables are expanded in the same way that environment
   variables  are  (except   for  the  shell-escape   command  and   backtick
   expansion), this  feature can  be used  to make  configuration files  more
   readable.

    26.3.2. Examples

   The  following  example  defines  and  uses  the  variable  my_cfgdir   to
   abbreviate the calls of the source command:

   Example 3.15. Using user-defined variables for config file readability

 set my_cfgdir = $HOME/mutt/config

 source $my_cfgdir/hooks
 source $my_cfgdir/macros
 # more source commands...

   A custom variable can also be used  in macros to backup the current  value
   of another variable. In the following example, the value of the $delete is
   changed temporarily while its original value is saved as my_delete.  After
   the macro has  executed all  commands, the  original value  of $delete  is
   restored.

   Example 3.16. Using  user-defined variables  for backing  up other  config
   option values

 macro pager ,x '\
 <enter-command>set my_delete=$delete<enter>\
 <enter-command>set delete=yes<enter>\
 ...\
 <enter-command>set delete=$my_delete<enter>'

   Since Mutt  expands such  values already  when parsing  the  configuration
   file(s), the value of $my_delete in the last example would be the value of
   $delete exactly as it was at  that point during parsing the  configuration
   file. If another statement would change the value for $delete later in the
   same or another file, it would have no effect on $my_delete. However,  the
   expansion can be deferred to runtime,  as shown in the next example,  when
   escaping the dollar sign.

   Example 3.17. Deferring user-defined variable expansion to runtime

 macro pager <PageDown> "\
 <enter-command> set my_old_pager_stop=\$pager_stop pager_stop<Enter>\
 <next-page>\
 <enter-command> set pager_stop=\$my_old_pager_stop<Enter>\
 <enter-command> unset my_old_pager_stop<Enter>"

   Note  that  there  is  a   space  between  <enter-command>  and  the   set
   configuration command, preventing Mutt from recording the macro's commands
   into its history.

  26.4. Type Conversions

   Variables are always  assigned string  values which Mutt  parses into  its
   internal representation according to the type of the variable, for example
   an  integer  number  for  numeric   types.  For  all  queries   (including
   $-expansion) the  value is  converted  from its  internal type  back  into
   string. As a result, any variable can be assigned any value given that its
   content is valid  for the target.  This also counts  for custom  variables
   which are of type string. In case of parsing errors, Mutt will print error
   messages. Example 3.18,  "Type conversions  using variables"  demonstrates
   type conversions.

   Example 3.18. Type conversions using variables

 set my_lines = "5"                # value is string "5"
 set pager_index_lines = $my_lines # value is integer 5

 set my_sort = "date-received"     # value is string "date-received"
 set sort = "last-$my_sort"        # value is sort last-date-received

 set my_inc = $read_inc            # value is string "10" (default of $read_inc)
 set my_foo = $my_inc              # value is string "10"

   These assignments are all valid. If, however, the value of $my_lines would
   have been "five" (or something else that cannot be parsed into a  number),
   the assignment to $pager_index_lines would have produced an error message.

   Type  conversion  applies  to   all  configuration  commands  which   take
   arguments. But please  note that  every expanded  value of  a variable  is
   considered just a single token. A working example is:

 set my_pattern = "~A"
 set my_number = "10"

 # same as: score ~A +10
 score $my_pattern +$my_number

   What does not work is:

 set my_mx = "+mailbox1 +mailbox2"
 mailboxes $my_mx +mailbox3

   because the  value of  $my_mx is  interpreted as  a single  mailbox  named
   "+mailbox1 +mailbox2" and not two distinct mailboxes.

27. Reading Initialization Commands From Another File

   Usage:

   source filename

   This command allows  the inclusion of  initialization commands from  other
   files. For example, I place all of my aliases in ~/.mail_aliases so that I
   can make my ~/.muttrc readable and keep my aliases private.

   If the filename begins with a tilde ("~"), it will be expanded to the path
   of your home directory.

   If the  filename  ends  with  a  vertical  bar  ("|"),  then  filename  is
   considered to be  an executable  program from  which to  read input  (e.g.
   source ~/bin/myscript|).

28. Removing Hooks

   Usage:

   unhook { * | hook-type }

   This command permits you to flush  hooks you have previously defined.  You
   can either remove all hooks by giving the "*" character as an argument, or
   you can  remove all  hooks of  a specific  type by  saying something  like
   unhook send-hook.

29. Format Strings

  29.1. Basic usage

   Format strings  are a  general concept  you'll find  in several  locations
   through  the  Mutt   configuration,  especially   in  the   $index_format,
   $pager_format, $status_format, and other  related variables. These can  be
   very straightforward, and it's quite possible you already know how to  use
   them.

   The most  basic format  string element  is a  percent symbol  followed  by
   another character. For example, %s represents a message's Subject:  header
   in the  $index_format variable.  The "expandos"  available are  documented
   with each format variable, but there are general modifiers available  with
   all formatting expandos, too. Those are our concern here.

   Some of the modifiers are borrowed right  out of C (though you might  know
   them from Perl, Python, shell, or another language). These are the  [-]m.n
   modifiers, as  in  %-12.12s. As  with  such programming  languages,  these
   modifiers allow  you  to specify  the  minimum  and maximum  size  of  the
   resulting string, as well  as its justification. If  the "-" sign  follows
   the percent, the string will be left-justified instead of right-justified.
   If there's a number immediately following that, it's the minimum amount of
   space the formatted string will occupy  -- if it's naturally smaller  than
   that, it will be padded  out with spaces. If  a decimal point and  another
   number follow, that's the maximum space  allowable -- the string will  not
   be permitted to  exceed that width,  no matter its  natural size. Each  of
   these three  elements is  optional, so  that all  these are  legal  format
   strings: %-12s, %4c, %.15F and %-12.15L.

   Mutt adds some  other modifiers to  format strings. If  you use an  equals
   symbol (=) as a numeric prefix (like  the minus above), it will force  the
   string to be centered within its  minimum space range. For example,  %=14y
   will reserve 14  characters for the  %y expansion --  that's the  X-Label:
   header, in $index_format. If the expansion  results in a string less  than
   14 characters, it will be centered in a 14-character space. If the X-Label
   for  a   message   were   "test",   that   expansion   would   look   like
   "     test     ".

   There are two  very little-known  modifiers that  affect the  way that  an
   expando is replaced. If there is an underline ("_") character between  any
   format modifiers (as above) and the expando letter, it will expands in all
   lower case. And  if you use  a colon  (":"), it will  replace all  decimal
   points with underlines.

  29.2. Conditionals

   Depending on the format string variable, some of its sequences can be used
   to optionally print a string if  their value is nonzero. For example,  you
   may only  want to  see the  number of  flagged messages  if such  messages
   exist, since zero is  not particularly meaningful.  To optionally print  a
   string based upon one of the  above sequences, the following construct  is
   used:

 %?<sequence_char>?<optional_string>?

   where sequence_char is an expando,  and optional_string is the string  you
   would like  printed  if  sequence_char  is  nonzero.  optional_string  may
   contain other  sequences as  well as  normal text,  but you  may not  nest
   optional strings.

   Here is an example illustrating how to optionally print the number of  new
   messages in a mailbox in $status_format:

 %?n?%n new messages.?

   You can also switch between two strings using the following construct:

 %?<sequence_char>?<if_string>&<else_string>?

   If the value  of sequence_char  is non-zero, if_string  will be  expanded,
   otherwise else_string will be expanded.

  29.3. Filters

   Any format string  ending in  a vertical bar  ("|") will  be expanded  and
   piped through the first word in the string, using spaces as separator. The
   string returned will be used for  display. If the returned string ends  in
   %, it will be passed through the formatter a second time. This allows  the
   filter to generate a replacement format string including % expandos.

   All % expandos in a format string are expanded before the script is called
   so that:

   Example 3.19. Using external filters in format strings

 set status_format="script.sh '%r %f (%L)'|"

   will make Mutt expand %r, %f and %L before calling the script. The example
   also shows  that arguments  can be  quoted: the  script will  receive  the
   expanded string between the single quotes as the only argument.

   A practical example  is the  mutt_xtitle script installed  in the  samples
   subdirectory of  the Mutt  documentation: it  can be  used as  filter  for
   $status_format to set the current terminal's title, if supported.

  29.4. Padding

   In most format  strings, Mutt  supports different types  of padding  using
   special %-expandos:

   %|X

           When this occurs,  Mutt will fill  the rest of  the line with  the
           character X. For example, filling the rest of the line with dashes
           is done by setting:

 set status_format = "%v on %h: %B: %?n?%n&no? new messages %|-"

   %>X

           Since the previous expando stops at the end of line, there must be
           a way to fill the  gap between two items  via the %>X expando:  it
           puts as many characters X in between two items so that the rest of
           the line  will be  right-justified. For  example, to  not put  the
           version string and hostname the above  example on the left but  on
           the right and fill  the gap with spaces,  one might use (note  the
           space after %>):

 set status_format = "%B: %?n?%n&no? new messages %> (%v on %h)"

   %*X

           Normal right-justification will  print everything to  the left  of
           the %>, displaying padding and whatever lies to the right only  if
           there's room.  By  contrast,  "soft-fill" gives  priority  to  the
           right-hand side,  guaranteeing space  to  display it  and  showing
           padding only if there's still  room. If necessary, soft-fill  will
           eat text leftwards to make  room for rightward text. For  example,
           to right-justify the subject making sure as much as possible of it
           fits on screen,  one might  use (note two  spaces after  %* :  the
           second ensures there's  a space between  the truncated  right-hand
           side and the subject):

 set index_format="%4C %Z %{%b %d} %-15.15L (%?l?%4l&%4c?)%*  %s"

Chapter 4. Advanced Usage

   Table of Contents

   1. Character Set Handling

   2. Regular Expressions

   3. Patterns: Searching, Limiting and Tagging

                3.1. Pattern Modifier

                3.2. Simple Searches

                3.3. Nesting and Boolean Operators

                3.4. Searching by Date

   4. Using Tags

   5. Using Hooks

                5.1. Message Matching in Hooks

   6. External Address Queries

   7. Mailbox Formats

   8. Mailbox Shortcuts

   9. Handling Mailing Lists

   10. New Mail Detection

                10.1. How New Mail Detection Works

                10.2. Polling For New Mail

   11. Editing Threads

                11.1. Linking Threads

                11.2. Breaking Threads

   12. Delivery Status Notification (DSN) Support

   13. Start a WWW Browser on URLs

   14. Miscellany

1. Character Set Handling

   A "character set"  is basically  a mapping  between bytes  and glyphs  and
   implies a certain character encoding scheme. For example, for the ISO 8859
   family of character sets, an encoding  of 8bit per character is used.  For
   the Unicode  character set,  different character  encodings may  be  used,
   UTF-8 being the most popular. In UTF-8, a character is represented using a
   variable number of bytes ranging from 1 to 4.

   Since Mutt is a command-line tool run from a shell, and delegates  certain
   tasks  to  external  tools  (such  as  an  editor  for   composing/editing
   messages), all  of  these tools  need  to agree  on  a character  set  and
   encoding. There exists no way to reliably deduce the character set a plain
   text file  has. Interoperability  is  gained by  the use  of  well-defined
   environment variables. The full  set can be printed  by issuing locale  on
   the command line.

   Upon startup, Mutt determines the character set on its own using  routines
   that inspect  locale-specific  environment  variables.  Therefore,  it  is
   generally not necessary to set the $charset variable in Mutt. It may  even
   be counter-productive  as  Mutt uses  system  and library  functions  that
   derive the character set  themselves and on which  Mutt has no  influence.
   It's safest to let Mutt work out the locale setup itself.

   If you happen to work with several character sets on a regular basis, it's
   highly advisable to use Unicode and an UTF-8 locale. Unicode can represent
   nearly all characters  in a message  at the  same time. When  not using  a
   Unicode locale, it may  happen that you  receive messages with  characters
   not representable  in your  locale.  When displaying  such a  message,  or
   replying to or forwarding it, information may get lost possibly  rendering
   the message unusable (not  only for you but  also for the recipient,  this
   breakage is not reversible as lost information cannot be guessed).

   A Unicode locale  makes all conversions  superfluous which eliminates  the
   risk  of  conversion   errors.  It  also   eliminates  potentially   wrong
   expectations about the character set between Mutt and external programs.

   The terminal  emulator  used also  must  be properly  configured  for  the
   current locale. Terminal emulators usually  do not derive the locale  from
   environment variables,  they  need to  be  configured separately.  If  the
   terminal is incorrectly configured, Mutt may display random and unexpected
   characters (question marks,  octal codes, or  just random glyphs),  format
   strings may not work as expected, you may not be abled to enter  non-ascii
   characters, and possible more. Data is always represented using bytes  and
   so a correct setup is very important as to the machine, all character sets
   "look" the same.

   Warning: A mismatch between  what system and  library functions think  the
   locale is and what  Mutt was told  what the locale is  may make it  behave
   badly with non-ascii input: it will fail at seemingly random places.  This
   warning is to be  taken seriously since not  only local mail handling  may
   suffer: sent  messages  may  carry wrong  character  set  information  the
   receiver has too  deal with.  The need to  set $charset  directly in  most
   cases points at terminal and environment variable setup problems, not Mutt
   problems.

   A list of  officially assigned and  known character sets  can be found  at
   IANA, a  list of  locally supported  locales can  be obtained  by  running
   locale -a.

2. Regular Expressions

   All string patterns in Mutt including those in more complex patterns  must
   be specified using  regular expressions (regexp)  in the "POSIX  extended"
   syntax (which is more or less the  syntax used by egrep and GNU awk).  For
   your convenience,  we have  included  below a  brief description  of  this
   syntax.

   The search is case  sensitive if the pattern  contains at least one  upper
   case letter, and case insensitive otherwise.

  Note

   "\" must be quoted if used  for a regular expression in an  initialization
   command: "\\".

   A regular expression is a pattern that describes a set of strings. Regular
   expressions are  constructed  analogously to  arithmetic  expressions,  by
   using various operators to combine smaller expressions.

  Note

   The regular expression can be enclosed/delimited by either " or ' which is
   useful if the  regular expression  includes a  white-space character.  See
   Syntax of Initialization Files for more  information on " and '  delimiter
   processing. To  match  a  literal "  or  '  you must  preface  it  with  \
   (backslash).

   The fundamental building blocks are  the regular expressions that match  a
   single character. Most characters, including  all letters and digits,  are
   regular expressions that match themselves. Any metacharacter with  special
   meaning may be quoted by preceding it with a backslash.

   The period "." matches any single character. The caret "^" and the  dollar
   sign "$" are metacharacters  that respectively match  the empty string  at
   the beginning and end of a line.

   A list of characters enclosed by "[" and "]" matches any single  character
   in that list; if the  first character of the list  is a caret "^" then  it
   matches any character not in the list. For example, the regular expression
   [0123456789] matches any single digit. A range of ASCII characters may  be
   specified by giving the first and  last characters, separated by a  hyphen
   "-". Most  metacharacters  lose their  special  meaning inside  lists.  To
   include a literal "]" place it first in the list. Similarly, to include  a
   literal "^" place  it anywhere but  first. Finally, to  include a  literal
   hyphen "-" place it last.

   Certain named  classes of  characters  are predefined.  Character  classes
   consist of "[:",  a keyword denoting  the class, and  ":]". The  following
   classes are defined  by the POSIX  standard in Table  4.1, "POSIX  regular
   expression character classes"

   Table 4.1. POSIX regular expression character classes

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | Character class |                     Description                      |
   |-----------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   | [:alnum:]       | Alphanumeric characters                              |
   |-----------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   | [:alpha:]       | Alphabetic characters                                |
   |-----------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   | [:blank:]       | Space or tab characters                              |
   |-----------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   | [:cntrl:]       | Control characters                                   |
   |-----------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   | [:digit:]       | Numeric characters                                   |
   |-----------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 | Characters that are both printable and visible. (A   |
   | [:graph:]       | space is printable, but not visible, while an "a" is |
   |                 | both)                                                |
   |-----------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   | [:lower:]       | Lower-case alphabetic characters                     |
   |-----------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   | [:print:]       | Printable characters (characters that are not        |
   |                 | control characters)                                  |
   |-----------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 | Punctuation characters (characters that are not      |
   | [:punct:]       | letter, digits, control characters, or space         |
   |                 | characters)                                          |
   |-----------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   | [:space:]       | Space characters (such as space, tab and formfeed,   |
   |                 | to name a few)                                       |
   |-----------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   | [:upper:]       | Upper-case alphabetic characters                     |
   |-----------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   | [:xdigit:]      | Characters that are hexadecimal digits               |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   A character  class  is only  valid  in  a regular  expression  inside  the
   brackets of a character list.

  Note

   Note that  the brackets  in these  class names  are part  of the  symbolic
   names, and must  be included in  addition to the  brackets delimiting  the
   bracket list. For example, [[:digit:]] is equivalent to [0-9].

   Two additional  special sequences  can appear  in character  lists.  These
   apply to non-ASCII character sets,  which can have single symbols  (called
   collating elements) that are represented with more than one character,  as
   well as several characters  that are equivalent  for collating or  sorting
   purposes:

   Collating Symbols

           A collating symbol is a multi-character collating element enclosed
           in "[." and  ".]". For example,  if "ch" is  a collating  element,
           then [[.ch.]] is  a regexp  that matches  this collating  element,
           while [ch] is a regexp that matches either "c" or "h".

   Equivalence Classes

           An equivalence  class is  a  locale-specific name  for a  list  of
           characters that are equivalent. The  name is enclosed in "[="  and
           "=]". For example, the name "e" might be used to represent all  of
           "e" with grave ("e"), "e" with acute ("e") and "e". In this  case,
           [[=e=]] is a regexp that matches any of: "e" with grave ("e"), "e"
           with acute ("e") and "e".

   A regular expression matching a single character may be followed by one of
   several repetition operators described  in Table 4.2, "Regular  expression
   repetition operators".

   Table 4.2. Regular expression repetition operators

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | Operator |                         Description                         |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | ?        | The preceding item is optional and matched at most once     |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | *        | The preceding item will be matched zero or more times       |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | +        | The preceding item will be matched one or more times        |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | {n}      | The preceding item is matched exactly n times               |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | {n,}     | The preceding item is matched n or more times               |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | {,m}     | The preceding item is matched at most m times               |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | {n,m}    | The preceding item is matched at least n times, but no more |
   |          | than m times                                                |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   Two  regular  expressions  may  be  concatenated;  the  resulting  regular
   expression matches any string formed by concatenating two substrings  that
   respectively match the concatenated subexpressions.

   Two regular  expressions may  be joined  by the  infix operator  "|";  the
   resulting  regular   expression  matches   any  string   matching   either
   subexpression.

   Repetition takes  precedence  over  concatenation,  which  in  turn  takes
   precedence over  alternation. A  whole subexpression  may be  enclosed  in
   parentheses to override these precedence rules.

  Note

   If you  compile Mutt  with  the included  regular expression  engine,  the
   following operators may also be  used in regular expressions as  described
   in Table 4.3, "GNU regular expression extensions".

   Table 4.3. GNU regular expression extensions

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | Expression |                        Description                        |
   |------------+-----------------------------------------------------------|
   | \\y        | Matches the empty string at either the beginning or the   |
   |            | end of a word                                             |
   |------------+-----------------------------------------------------------|
   | \\B        | Matches the empty string within a word                    |
   |------------+-----------------------------------------------------------|
   | \\<        | Matches the empty string at the beginning of a word       |
   |------------+-----------------------------------------------------------|
   | \\>        | Matches the empty string at the end of a word             |
   |------------+-----------------------------------------------------------|
   | \\w        | Matches any word-constituent character (letter, digit, or |
   |            | underscore)                                               |
   |------------+-----------------------------------------------------------|
   | \\W        | Matches any character that is not word-constituent        |
   |------------+-----------------------------------------------------------|
   | \\`        | Matches the empty string at the beginning of a buffer     |
   |            | (string)                                                  |
   |------------+-----------------------------------------------------------|
   | \\'        | Matches the empty string at the end of a buffer           |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   Please note however that these operators are not defined by POSIX, so they
   may or may not be available in stock libraries on various systems.

3. Patterns: Searching, Limiting and Tagging

  3.1. Pattern Modifier

   Many of Mutt's commands  allow you to specify  a pattern to match  (limit,
   tag-pattern, delete-pattern, etc.). Table  4.4, "Pattern modifiers"  shows
   several ways to select messages.

   Table 4.4. Pattern modifiers

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | Pattern modifier |                     Description                     |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~A               | all messages                                        |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~b EXPR          | messages which contain EXPR in the message body     |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   |                  | messages which contain STRING in the message body.  |
   | =b STRING        | If IMAP is enabled, searches for STRING on the      |
   |                  | server, rather than downloading each message and    |
   |                  | searching it locally.                               |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~B EXPR          | messages which contain EXPR in the whole message    |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~c EXPR          | messages carbon-copied to EXPR                      |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | %c GROUP         | messages carbon-copied to any member of GROUP       |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~C EXPR          | messages either to: or cc: EXPR                     |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | %C GROUP         | messages either to: or cc: to any member of GROUP   |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~d [MIN]-[MAX]   | messages with "date-sent" in a Date range           |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~D               | deleted messages                                    |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~e EXPR          | messages which contains EXPR in the "Sender" field  |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | %e GROUP         | messages which contain a member of GROUP in the     |
   |                  | "Sender" field                                      |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~E               | expired messages                                    |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~F               | flagged messages                                    |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~f EXPR          | messages originating from EXPR                      |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | %f GROUP         | messages originating from any member of GROUP       |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~g               | cryptographically signed messages                   |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~G               | cryptographically encrypted messages                |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~h EXPR          | messages which contain EXPR in the message header   |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~H EXPR          | messages with a spam attribute matching EXPR        |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~i EXPR          | messages which match EXPR in the "Message-ID" field |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~k               | messages which contain PGP key material             |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~L EXPR          | messages either originated or received by EXPR      |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | %L GROUP         | message either originated or received by any member |
   |                  | of GROUP                                            |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~l               | messages addressed to a known mailing list          |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~m [MIN]-[MAX]   | messages in the range MIN to MAX *)                 |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~n [MIN]-[MAX]   | messages with a score in the range MIN to MAX *)    |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~N               | new messages                                        |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~O               | old messages                                        |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~p               | messages addressed to you (consults alternates)     |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~P               | messages from you (consults alternates)             |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~Q               | messages which have been replied to                 |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~r [MIN]-[MAX]   | messages with "date-received" in a Date range       |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~R               | read messages                                       |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~s EXPR          | messages having EXPR in the "Subject" field.        |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~S               | superseded messages                                 |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~t EXPR          | messages addressed to EXPR                          |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~T               | tagged messages                                     |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~u               | messages addressed to a subscribed mailing list     |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~U               | unread messages                                     |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~v               | messages part of a collapsed thread.                |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~V               | cryptographically verified messages                 |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~x EXPR          | messages which contain EXPR in the "References" or  |
   |                  | "In-Reply-To" field                                 |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~X [MIN]-[MAX]   | messages with MIN to MAX attachments *)             |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~y EXPR          | messages which contain EXPR in the "X-Label" field  |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~z [MIN]-[MAX]   | messages with a size in the range MIN to MAX *) **) |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~=               | duplicated messages (see $duplicate_threads)        |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   | ~$               | unreferenced messages (requires threaded view)      |
   |------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
   |                  | messages in threads containing messages matching    |
   | ~(PATTERN)       | PATTERN, e.g. all threads containing messages from  |
   |                  | you: ~(~P)                                          |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   Where EXPR is a regular expression, and GROUP is an address group.

   *) The forms "<[MAX]", ">[MIN]", "[MIN]-" and "-[MAX]" are allowed, too.

   **) The suffixes "K" and "M" are allowed to specify kilobyte and  megabyte
   respectively.

   Special attention has to be payed when using regular expressions inside of
   patterns. Specifically, Mutt's  parser for these  patterns will strip  one
   level of backslash  ("\"), which is  normally used for  quoting. If it  is
   your intention to use a backslash in the regular expression, you will need
   to use two backslashes instead ("\\"). You can force Mutt to treat EXPR as
   a simple string instead of a regular expression by using = instead of ~ in
   the pattern name. For example, =b *.* will find all messages that  contain
   the literal string  "*.*". Simple  string matches are  less powerful  than
   regular expressions but  can be  considerably faster.  This is  especially
   true for IMAP  folders, because  string matches  can be  performed on  the
   server instead of by fetching every message. IMAP treats =h specially:  it
   must be  of the  form "header:  substring" and  will not  partially  match
   header names. The substring part may be omitted if you simply wish to find
   messages containing a particular header without regard to its value.

   Patterns matching lists of addresses (notably c,  C, p, P and t) match  if
   there is at least one  match in the whole list.  If you want to make  sure
   that all elements of that list match, you need to prefix your pattern with
   "^". This  example  matches  all  mails which  only  has  recipients  from
   Germany.

   Example 4.1. Matching all addresses in address lists

 ^~C \.de$

  3.2. Simple Searches

   Mutt supports  two versions  of  so called  "simple searches".  These  are
   issued if the query entered for searching, limiting and similar operations
   does not  seem to  contain a  valid  pattern modifier  (i.e. it  does  not
   contain one  of  these characters:  "~",  "=" or  "%").  If the  query  is
   supposed to contain one of these special characters, they must be  escaped
   by prepending a backslash ("\").

   The first type is  by checking whether the  query string equals a  keyword
   case-insensitively from Table  4.5, "Simple search  keywords": If that  is
   the case, Mutt will use the  shown pattern modifier instead. If a  keyword
   would conflict  with your  search keyword,  you  need to  turn it  into  a
   regular expression to avoid  matching the keyword  table. For example,  if
   you want to find all  messages matching "flag" (using $simple_search)  but
   don't want to match flagged messages, simply search for "[f]lag".

   Table 4.5. Simple search keywords

   +----------------------------+
   | Keyword | Pattern modifier |
   |---------+------------------|
   | all     | ~A               |
   |---------+------------------|
   | .       | ~A               |
   |---------+------------------|
   | ^       | ~A               |
   |---------+------------------|
   | del     | ~D               |
   |---------+------------------|
   | flag    | ~F               |
   |---------+------------------|
   | new     | ~N               |
   |---------+------------------|
   | old     | ~O               |
   |---------+------------------|
   | repl    | ~Q               |
   |---------+------------------|
   | read    | ~R               |
   |---------+------------------|
   | tag     | ~T               |
   |---------+------------------|
   | unread  | ~U               |
   +----------------------------+

   The second type  of simple  search is to  build a  complex search  pattern
   using $simple_search as a template.  Mutt will insert your query  properly
   quoted and search for the composed complex query.

  3.3. Nesting and Boolean Operators

   Logical AND  is  performed by  specifying  more than  one  criterion.  For
   example:

 ~t mutt ~f elkins

   would select  messages  which contain  the  word  "mutt" in  the  list  of
   recipients and that have the word "elkins" in the "From" header field.

   Mutt also recognizes the following operators to create more complex search
   patterns:

     o ! -- logical NOT operator

     o | -- logical OR operator

     o () -- logical grouping operator

   Here is an  example illustrating  a complex search  pattern. This  pattern
   will select all messages which do not  contain "mutt" in the "To" or  "Cc"
   field and which are from "elkins".

   Example 4.2. Using boolean operators in patterns

 !(~t mutt|~c mutt) ~f elkins

   Here is an example using white  space in the regular expression (note  the
   "'" and """ delimiters). For this to match, the mail's subject must  match
   the "^Junk +From +Me$" and it must  be from either "Jim +Somebody" or  "Ed
   +SomeoneElse":

 '~s "^Junk +From +Me$" ~f ("Jim +Somebody"|"Ed +SomeoneElse")'

  Note

   If a regular expression contains parenthesis, or a vertical bar ("|"), you
   must enclose  the  expression  in  double or  single  quotes  since  those
   characters are also  used to  separate different parts  of Mutt's  pattern
   language.  For  example:  ~f  "me@(mutt\.org|cs\.hmc\.edu)"  Without   the
   quotes, the parenthesis wouldn't end. This would be separated to two  OR'd
   patterns: ~f  me@(mutt\.org and  cs\.hmc\.edu). They  are never  what  you
   want.

  3.4. Searching by Date

   Mutt supports two types of dates, absolute and relative.

    3.4.1. Absolute Dates

   Dates must be in DD/MM/YY format (month and year are optional,  defaulting
   to the current month and year). An example of a valid range of dates is:

 Limit to messages matching: ~d 20/1/95-31/10

   If you omit the  minimum (first) date, and  just specify "-DD/MM/YY",  all
   messages before the given date will  be selected. If you omit the  maximum
   (second) date, and specify "DD/MM/YY-", all messages after the given  date
   will be selected. If you  specify a single date  with no dash ("-"),  only
   messages sent on the given date will be selected.

   You can add error margins to absolute dates. An error margin is a sign  (+
   or -), followed by  a digit, followed  by one of the  units in Table  4.6,
   "Date units".  As a  special  case, you  can replace  the  sign by  a  "*"
   character, which is equivalent  to giving identical  plus and minus  error
   margins.

   Table 4.6. Date units

   +--------------------+
   | Unit | Description |
   |------+-------------|
   | y    | Years       |
   |------+-------------|
   | m    | Months      |
   |------+-------------|
   | w    | Weeks       |
   |------+-------------|
   | d    | Days        |
   +--------------------+

   Example: To select any messages two  weeks around January 15, 2001,  you'd
   use the following pattern:

 Limit to messages matching: ~d 15/1/2001*2w

    3.4.2. Relative Dates

   This type of date is  relative to the current  date, and may be  specified
   as:

     o >offset for messages older than offset units

     o <offset for messages newer than offset units

     o =offset for messages exactly offset units old

   offset is  specified as  a positive  number  with one  of the  units  from
   Table 4.6, "Date units".

   Example: to select messages less than 1 month old, you would use

 Limit to messages matching: ~d <1m

  Note

   All dates used  when searching  are relative to  the local  time zone,  so
   unless you change the  setting of your $index_format  to include a  %[...]
   format, these are not the dates shown in the main index.

4. Using Tags

   Sometimes it is desirable to perform  an operation on a group of  messages
   all at  once rather  than one  at  a time.  An example  might be  to  save
   messages to a mailing list to a separate folder, or to delete all messages
   with a given  subject. To  tag all messages  matching a  pattern, use  the
   <tag-pattern> function, which is bound to "shift-T" by default. Or you can
   select individual messages by hand using the <tag-message> function, which
   is bound  to "t"  by default.  See patterns  for Mutt's  pattern  matching
   syntax.

   Once you have tagged  the desired messages, you  can use the  "tag-prefix"
   operator,  which  is  the  ";"  (semicolon)  key  by  default.  When   the
   "tag-prefix" operator is used, the next  operation will be applied to  all
   tagged messages  if that  operation can  be used  in that  manner. If  the
   $auto_tag variable  is  set, the  next  operation applies  to  the  tagged
   messages automatically, without requiring the "tag-prefix".

   In macros or push commands, you can use the <tag-prefix-cond> operator. If
   there are no tagged  messages, Mutt will  "eat" the rest  of the macro  to
   abort it's execution. Mutt will stop "eating" the macro when it encounters
   the <end-cond> operator; after this operator the rest of the macro will be
   executed as normal.

5. Using Hooks

   A hook is  a concept  found in  many other  programs which  allows you  to
   execute arbitrary commands before performing some operation. For  example,
   you may wish to tailor your configuration based upon which mailbox you are
   reading, or  to whom  you are  sending mail.  In the  Mutt world,  a  hook
   consists of a  regular expression  or pattern along  with a  configuration
   option/command. See:

     o account-hook

     o charset-hook

     o crypt-hook

     o fcc-hook

     o fcc-save-hook

     o folder-hook

     o iconv-hook

     o mbox-hook

     o message-hook

     o reply-hook

     o save-hook

     o send-hook

     o send2-hook

   for specific details on each type of hook available.

  Note

   If a hook changes configuration  settings, these changes remain  effective
   until the  end of  the current  Mutt  session. As  this is  generally  not
   desired, a "default" hook needs to be added before all other hooks of that
   type to restore configuration defaults.

   Example 4.3. Specifying a "default" hook

 send-hook . 'unmy_hdr From:'
 send-hook ~C'^b@b\.b$' my_hdr from: c@c.c

   In Example 4.3,  "Specifying a "default"  hook", by default  the value  of
   $from and $realname is not overridden. When sending messages either To: or
   Cc: to <b@b.b>, the From: header is changed to <c@c.c>.

  5.1. Message Matching in Hooks

   Hooks  that  act  upon  messages  (message-hook,  reply-hook,   send-hook,
   send2-hook, save-hook,  fcc-hook) are  evaluated in  a slightly  different
   manner. For the other types of hooks, a regular expression is  sufficient.
   But in  dealing with  messages a  finer  grain of  control is  needed  for
   matching  since  for  different  purposes  you  want  to  match  different
   criteria.

   Mutt allows the use of the  search pattern language for matching  messages
   in hook commands.  This works in  exactly the  same way as  it would  when
   limiting or searching the mailbox, except that you are restricted to those
   operators which match  information Mutt  extracts from the  header of  the
   message (i.e., from, to, cc, date, subject, etc.).

   For example, if you wanted to  set your return address based upon  sending
   mail to a specific address, you could do something like:

 send-hook '~t ^me@cs\.hmc\.edu$' 'my_hdr From: Mutt User <user@host>'

   which would execute the given command when sending mail to me@cs.hmc.edu.

   However, it is not required that you write the pattern to match using  the
   full searching language. You can still specify a simple regular expression
   like the other hooks, in which case Mutt will translate your pattern  into
   the full language,  using the translation  specified by the  $default_hook
   variable. The pattern is translated at  the time the hook is declared,  so
   the value of $default_hook that is in effect at that time will be used.

6. External Address Queries

   Mutt supports connecting  to external  directory databases  such as  LDAP,
   ph/qi, bbdb, or NIS through a wrapper script which connects to Mutt  using
   a simple interface.  Using the  $query_command variable,  you specify  the
   wrapper command to use. For example:

 set query_command = "mutt_ldap_query.pl %s"

   The wrapper script should accept the query on the command-line. It  should
   return a one line message, then  each matching response on a single  line,
   each line containing  a tab separated  address then name  then some  other
   optional information. On  error, or  if there are  no matching  addresses,
   return a non-zero exit code and a one line error message.

   An example multiple response output:

 Searching database ... 20 entries ... 3 matching:
 me@cs.hmc.edu           Michael Elkins  mutt dude
 blong@fiction.net       Brandon Long    mutt and more
 roessler@does-not-exist.org        Thomas Roessler mutt pgp

   There are two mechanisms for accessing the query function of Mutt. One  is
   to do a query from the index menu using the <query> function (default: Q).
   This will prompt for a query, then bring up the query menu which will list
   the matching responses. From the query  menu, you can select addresses  to
   create aliases, or to mail. You can tag multiple addresses to mail,  start
   a new query, or have a new query appended to the current responses.

   The other  mechanism  for accessing  the  query function  is  for  address
   completion, similar to  the alias  completion. In any  prompt for  address
   entry, you can use  the <complete-query> function (default:  ^T) to run  a
   query based on the current address you have typed. Like aliases, Mutt will
   look for what you have typed back to the last space or comma. If there  is
   a single response for that query,  Mutt will expand the address in  place.
   If there are multiple responses, Mutt will activate the query menu. At the
   query menu,  you can  select one  or more  addresses to  be added  to  the
   prompt.

7. Mailbox Formats

   Mutt supports reading and writing of four different local mailbox formats:
   mbox, MMDF, MH and Maildir. The mailbox type is auto detected, so there is
   no need  to use  a flag  for different  mailbox types.  When creating  new
   mailboxes, Mutt uses the default specified with the $mbox_type variable. A
   short description of the formats follows.

   mbox. This is  a widely  used mailbox format  for UNIX.  All messages  are
   stored in a single file. Each message has a line of the form:

 From me@cs.hmc.edu Fri, 11 Apr 1997 11:44:56 PST

   to denote the start  of a new  message (this is often  referred to as  the
   "From_" line).  The mbox  format  requires mailbox  locking, is  prone  to
   mailbox corruption  with concurrently  writing clients  or  misinterpreted
   From_ lines.  Depending on  the  environment, new  mail detection  can  be
   unreliable. Mbox folders are fast to open and easy to archive.

   MMDF. This is a variant of the mbox format. Each message is surrounded  by
   lines containing "^A^A^A^A" (four times control-A's). The same problems as
   for mbox apply  (also with  finding the  right message  separator as  four
   control-A's may appear in message bodies).

   MH. A  radical departure  from mbox  and  MMDF, a  mailbox consists  of  a
   directory and each  message is  stored in  a separate  file. The  filename
   indicates the message number (however, this  is may not correspond to  the
   message number Mutt displays). Deleted  messages are renamed with a  comma
   (",") prepended to  the filename.  Mutt detects  this type  of mailbox  by
   looking for either .mh_sequences or .xmhcache files (needed to distinguish
   normal directories from MH mailboxes).  MH is more robust with  concurrent
   clients writing the mailbox, but still may suffer from lost flags; message
   corruption is  less likely  to  occur than  with mbox/mmdf.  It's  usually
   slower to open  compared to mbox/mmdf  since many small  files have to  be
   read (Mutt provides Section  7.1, "Header Caching"  to greatly speed  this
   process up).  Depending on  the  environment, MH  is not  very  disk-space
   efficient.

   Maildir. The  newest of  the mailbox  formats, used  by the  Qmail MTA  (a
   replacement for  sendmail).  Similar to  MH,  except that  it  adds  three
   subdirectories of  the  mailbox:  tmp,  new and  cur.  Filenames  for  the
   messages are chosen in such a way they are unique, even when two  programs
   are writing the  mailbox over  NFS, which means  that no  file locking  is
   needed and  corruption is  very  unlikely. Maildir  maybe slower  to  open
   without caching in Mutt, it too is not very disk-space efficient depending
   on the environment. Since no additional files are used for metadata (which
   is embedded in the  message filenames) and  Maildir is locking-free,  it's
   easy to sync  across different machines  using file-level  synchronization
   tools.

8. Mailbox Shortcuts

   There are  a  number  of  built  in  shortcuts  which  refer  to  specific
   mailboxes. These shortcuts  can be used  anywhere you are  prompted for  a
   file or mailbox path or in path-related configuration variables. Note that
   these only work at the beginning of a string.

   Table 4.7. Mailbox shortcuts

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | Shortcut |                        Refers to...                         |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | !        | your $spoolfile (incoming) mailbox                          |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | >        | your $mbox file                                             |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | <        | your $record file                                           |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | ^        | the current mailbox                                         |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | - or !!  | the file you've last visited                                |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | ~        | your home directory                                         |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | = or +   | your $folder directory                                      |
   |----------+-------------------------------------------------------------|
   | @alias   | to the default save folder as determined by the address of  |
   |          | the alias                                                   |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   For example, to store a copy of outgoing messages in the folder they  were
   composed in, a folder-hook can be used to set $record:

 folder-hook . 'set record=^'

9. Handling Mailing Lists

   Mutt has a few configuration options that make dealing with large  amounts
   of mail easier.  The first  thing you  must do is  to let  Mutt know  what
   addresses you consider to be mailing lists (technically this does not have
   to be a mailing  list, but that is  what it is most  often used for),  and
   what lists you are subscribed to. This is accomplished through the use  of
   the lists and subscribe commands in your .muttrc.

   Now that Mutt knows what your mailing lists are, it can do several things,
   the first of which is the ability to show the name of a list through which
   you received a  message (i.e.,  of a subscribed  list) in  the index  menu
   display. This is useful to distinguish  between personal and list mail  in
   the same mailbox.  In the  $index_format variable, the  expando "%L"  will
   print the string "To  <list>" when "list" appears  in the "To" field,  and
   "Cc <list>" when  it appears in  the "Cc" field  (otherwise it prints  the
   name of the author).

   Often times the "To" and "Cc" fields in mailing list messages tend to  get
   quite large. Most people do not bother to remove the author of the message
   they reply to from the list, resulting in two or more copies being sent to
   that person. The <list-reply> function, which  by default is bound to  "L"
   in the index menu and pager, helps reduce the clutter by only replying  to
   the known  mailing list  addresses instead  of all  recipients (except  as
   specified by Mail-Followup-To, see below).

   Mutt also supports the Mail-Followup-To header. When you send a message to
   a list  of recipients  which includes  one or  several subscribed  mailing
   lists, and  if  the $followup_to  option  is  set, Mutt  will  generate  a
   Mail-Followup-To header which contains all the recipients to whom you send
   this message, but not your  address. This indicates that group-replies  or
   list-replies (also known as  "followups") to this  message should only  be
   sent to the original recipients of the message, and not separately to  you
   - you'll  receive your  copy through  one  of the  mailing lists  you  are
   subscribed to.

   Conversely, when group-replying or list-replying to a message which has  a
   Mail-Followup-To  header,   Mutt  will   respect   this  header   if   the
   $honor_followup_to configuration variable is set. Using list-reply will in
   this case also make sure that the reply goes to the mailing list, even  if
   it's not specified in the list of recipients in the Mail-Followup-To.

  Note

   When header editing is enabled,  you can create a Mail-Followup-To  header
   manually. Mutt will  only auto-generate  this header if  it doesn't  exist
   when you send the message.

   The other method some mailing list admins use is to generate a  "Reply-To"
   field which points back to the mailing list address rather than the author
   of the message. This can create problems when trying to reply directly  to
   the author in private, since most mail clients will automatically reply to
   the address  given  in  the  "Reply-To" field.  Mutt  uses  the  $reply_to
   variable to help decide which address to use. If set to ask-yes or ask-no,
   you will  be prompted  as to  whether or  not you  would like  to use  the
   address given in the  "Reply-To" field, or reply  directly to the  address
   given in the "From" field. When set  to yes, the "Reply-To" field will  be
   used when present.

   The "X-Label:" header field can be used to further identify mailing  lists
   or list subject matter  (or just to  annotate messages individually).  The
   $index_format variable's  "%y" and  "%Y" expandos  can be  used to  expand
   "X-Label:" fields  in  the index,  and  Mutt's pattern-matcher  can  match
   regular  expressions  to  "X-Label:"   fields  with  the  "~y"   selector.
   "X-Label:" is not a  standard message header field,  but it can easily  be
   inserted by procmail and other mail filtering agents.

   Lastly, Mutt has the ability to sort the mailbox into threads. A thread is
   a group of messages which all relate to the same subject. This is  usually
   organized into  a tree-like  structure  where a  message  and all  of  its
   replies are represented graphically. If  you've ever used a threaded  news
   client, this  is the  same concept.  It makes  dealing with  large  volume
   mailing lists easier because you  can easily delete uninteresting  threads
   and quickly find topics of value.

10. New Mail Detection

   Mutt supports setups  with multiple folders,  allowing all of  them to  be
   monitored for new  mail (see  Section 14, "Monitoring  Incoming Mail"  for
   details).

  10.1. How New Mail Detection Works

   For Mbox and Mmdf folders, new mail is detected by comparing access and/or
   modification times of  files: Mutt  assumes a folder  has new  mail if  it
   wasn't accessed after it was last modified. Utilities like biff or frm  or
   any other program  which accesses the  mailbox might cause  Mutt to  never
   detect new mail for that mailbox if they do not properly reset the  access
   time. Other  possible causes  of  Mutt not  detecting  new mail  in  these
   folders are backup  tools (updating access  times) or filesystems  mounted
   without access time update  support (for Linux  systems, see the  relatime
   option).

  Note

   Contrary to older Mutt releases, it now maintains the new mail status of a
   folder by properly  resetting the access  time if the  folder contains  at
   least one message which is neither read, nor deleted, nor marked as old.

   In cases where new mail detection for  Mbox or Mmdf folders appears to  be
   unreliable, the $check_mbox_size option can be used to make Mutt track and
   consult file sizes  for new mail  detection instead which  won't work  for
   size-neutral changes.

   New mail  for Maildir  is assumed  if there  is one  message in  the  new/
   subdirectory which  is not  marked deleted  (see $maildir_trash).  For  MH
   folders, a mailbox is considered having  new mail if there's at least  one
   message in the "unseen" sequence as specified by $mh_seq_unseen.

   Mutt does not poll POP3 folders for new mail, it only periodically  checks
   the currently opened folder (if it's a POP3 folder).

   For IMAP,  by default  Mutt uses  recent message  counts provided  by  the
   server to detect new mail. If the $imap_idle option is set, it'll use  the
   IMAP IDLE extension if advertised by the server.

  10.2. Polling For New Mail

   When  in  the  index  menu  and  being  idle  (also  see  $timeout),  Mutt
   periodically checks for new mail in all folders which have been configured
   via the mailboxes command.  The interval depends on  the folder type:  for
   local/IMAP folders it consults $mail_check and $pop_checkinterval for  POP
   folders.

   Outside the index  menu the  directory browser supports  checking for  new
   mail using the <check-new> function which is unbound by default.  Pressing
   TAB will bring  up a  menu showing the  files specified  by the  mailboxes
   command, and indicate which contain new messages. Mutt will  automatically
   enter this mode when invoked from the command line with the -y option.

   For the  pager,  index and  directory  browser menus,  Mutt  contains  the
   <buffy-list> function (bound to "." by default) which will print a list of
   folders with new mail in the command line at the bottom of the screen.

   For the index, by default Mutt  displays the number of mailboxes with  new
   mail in the status  bar, please refer to  the $status_format variable  for
   details.

   When changing folders, Mutt  fills the prompt with  the first folder  from
   the mailboxes list  containing new  mail (if any),  pressing <Space>  will
   cycle through folders  with new  mail. The (by  default unbound)  function
   <next-unread-mailbox> in the  index can  be used to  immediately open  the
   next folder with unread mail (if any).

11. Editing Threads

   Mutt has the ability  to dynamically restructure  threads that are  broken
   either by misconfigured software or bad behavior from some correspondents.
   This allows to clean  your mailboxes from these  annoyances which make  it
   hard to follow a discussion.

  11.1. Linking Threads

   Some mailers  tend to  "forget" to  correctly set  the "In-Reply-To:"  and
   "References:" headers when replying to  a message. This results in  broken
   discussions because Mutt has not  enough information to guess the  correct
   threading. You  can fix  this by  tagging the  reply, then  moving to  the
   parent message  and  using the  <link-threads>  function (bound  to  &  by
   default). The reply will then be connected to this parent message.

   You can also connect multiple children at once, tagging them and using the
   <tag-prefix> command (";") or the $auto_tag option.

  11.2. Breaking Threads

   On mailing lists,  some people  are in  the bad  habit of  starting a  new
   discussion by hitting "reply"  to any message from  the list and  changing
   the subject to a totally unrelated one. You can fix such threads by  using
   the <break-thread> function (bound by default  to #), which will turn  the
   subthread starting from the current message into a whole different thread.

12. Delivery Status Notification (DSN) Support

   RFC1894 defines a set of MIME content types for relaying information about
   the status of electronic mail messages. These can be thought of as "return
   receipts."

   To support DSN, there  are two variables. $dsn_notify  is used to  request
   receipts for different results (such as failed message, message delivered,
   etc.). $dsn_return requests how  much of your  message should be  returned
   with the receipt (headers or full message).

   When using $sendmail for  mail delivery, you need  to use either  Berkeley
   sendmail 8.8.x  (or greater)  a MTA  supporting DSN  command line  options
   compatible to Sendmail:  The -N and  -R options  can be used  by the  mail
   client to  make requests  as to  what type  of status  messages should  be
   returned. Please consider your MTA documentation whether DSN is supported.

   For  SMTP  delivery  using  $smtp_url,  it  depends  on  the  capabilities
   announced by the server whether Mutt will attempt to request DSN or not.

13. Start a WWW Browser on URLs

   If a message contains  URLs, it is  efficient to get a  menu with all  the
   URLs and  start  a WWW  browser  on one  of  them. This  functionality  is
   provided by  the  external  urlview  program which  can  be  retrieved  at
   ftp://ftp.mutt.org/mutt/contrib/ and the configuration commands:

 macro index \cb |urlview\n
 macro pager \cb |urlview\n

14. Miscellany

   This section documents various features that fit nowhere else.

   Address normalization

           Mutt  normalizes  all  e-mail  addresses  to  the  simplest   form
           possible. If an  address contains  a realname, the  form Joe  User
           <joe@example.com> is  used and  the  pure e-mail  address  without
           angle brackets otherwise, i.e. just joe@example.com.

           This normalization affects  all headers  Mutt generates  including
           aliases.

   Initial folder selection

           The folder Mutt  opens at  startup is determined  as follows:  the
           folder specified  in the  $MAIL environment  variable if  present.
           Otherwise, the value of  $MAILDIR is taken  into account. If  that
           isn't present  either,  Mutt  takes  the  user's  mailbox  in  the
           mailspool as determined at compile-time (which may also reside  in
           the  home  directory).  The  $spoolfile  setting  overrides   this
           selection. Highest  priority has  the mailbox  given with  the  -f
           command line option.

Chapter 5. Mutt's MIME Support

   Table of Contents

   1. Using MIME in Mutt

                1.1. MIME Overview

                1.2. Viewing MIME Messages in the Pager

                1.3. The Attachment Menu

                1.4. The Compose Menu

   2. MIME Type Configuration with mime.types

   3. MIME Viewer Configuration with Mailcap

                3.1. The Basics of the Mailcap File

                3.2. Secure Use of Mailcap

                3.3. Advanced Mailcap Usage

                3.4. Example Mailcap Files

   4. MIME Autoview

   5. MIME Multipart/Alternative

   6. Attachment Searching and Counting

   7. MIME Lookup

   Quite a bit of  effort has been  made to make  Mutt the premier  text-mode
   MIME MUA. Every effort has been made to provide the functionality that the
   discerning MIME  user  requires,  and the  conformance  to  the  standards
   wherever possible. When  configuring Mutt  for MIME, there  are two  extra
   types of configuration files which Mutt uses. One is the mime.types  file,
   which contains the  mapping of  file extensions  to IANA  MIME types.  The
   other is the mailcap  file, which specifies the  external commands to  use
   for handling specific MIME types.

1. Using MIME in Mutt

  1.1. MIME Overview

   MIME is short  for "Multipurpose  Internet Mail  Extension" and  describes
   mechanisms to  internationalize and  structure mail  messages. Before  the
   introduction of MIME, messages had a single text part and were limited  to
   us-ascii header and content. With MIME, messages can have attachments (and
   even attachments  which  itself have  attachments  and thus  form  a  tree
   structure), nearly  arbitrary characters  can be  used for  sender  names,
   recipients and subjects.

   Besides the handling of non-ascii  characters in message headers, to  Mutt
   the most important  aspect of  MIME are  so-called MIME  types. These  are
   constructed using a  major and minor  type separated by  a forward  slash.
   These specify details about  the content that  follows. Based upon  these,
   Mutt decides  how to  handle this  part. The  most popular  major type  is
   "text" with minor types  for plain text, HTML  and various other  formats.
   Major types also  exist for  images, audio,  video and  of course  general
   application data (e.g.  to separate cryptographically  signed data with  a
   signature, send office documents, and  in general arbitrary binary  data).
   There's also  the multipart  major type  which represents  the root  of  a
   subtree of MIME  parts. A list  of supported  MIME types can  be found  in
   Table 5.1, "Supported MIME types".

   MIME also defines a set of encoding schemes for transporting MIME  content
   over  the  network:  7bit,  8bit,  quoted-printable,  base64  and  binary.
   There're some rules when to choose  what for encoding headers and/or  body
   (if needed), and Mutt will in general make a good choice.

   Mutt does  most  of  MIME  encoding/decoding behind  the  scenes  to  form
   messages conforming to MIME on the  sending side. On reception, it can  be
   flexibly configured as  to how what  MIME structure is  displayed (and  if
   it's displayed): these  decisions are  based on the  content's MIME  type.
   There are three areas/menus in dealing with MIME: the pager (while viewing
   a message), the attachment menu and the compose menu.

  1.2. Viewing MIME Messages in the Pager

   When you select a message  from the index and view  it in the pager,  Mutt
   decodes as much of  a message as possible  to a text representation.  Mutt
   internally supports a number of MIME types, including the text major  type
   (with all minor types), the  message/rfc822 (mail messages) type and  some
   multipart types. In addition, it recognizes  a variety of PGP MIME  types,
   including PGP/MIME and application/pgp.

   Mutt will denote attachments  with a couple  lines describing them.  These
   lines are of the form:

 [-- Attachment #1: Description --]
 [-- Type: text/plain, Encoding: 7bit, Size: 10000 --]

   Where the  Description  is  the  description or  filename  given  for  the
   attachment, and  the Encoding  is  one of  the already  mentioned  content
   encodings.

   If Mutt cannot deal with a MIME type, it will display a message like:

 [-- image/gif is unsupported (use 'v' to view this part) --]

  1.3. The Attachment Menu

   The default  binding for  <view-attachments> is  "v", which  displays  the
   attachment menu for a message. The attachment menu displays a list of  the
   attachments in a message. From the  attachment menu, you can save,  print,
   pipe, delete, and view  attachments. You can apply  these operations to  a
   group of attachments at once, by tagging the attachments and by using  the
   <tag-prefix> operator. You can also reply to the current message from this
   menu, and only the current attachment (or the attachments tagged) will  be
   quoted in your reply. You can view attachments as text, or view them using
   the mailcap viewer definition (the mailcap mechanism is explained later in
   detail).

   Finally,  you  can  apply   the  usual  message-related  functions   (like
   <resend-message>, and the <reply> and <forward> functions) to  attachments
   of type message/rfc822.

   See table Table 9.7, "Default Attachment Menu Bindings" for all  available
   functions.

  1.4. The Compose Menu

   The compose menu is the menu you see before you send a message. It  allows
   you to edit  the recipient list,  the subject, and  other aspects of  your
   message. It  also contains  a list  of the  attachments of  your  message,
   including the main  body. From  this menu,  you can  print, copy,  filter,
   pipe, edit, compose, review, and rename an attachment or a list of  tagged
   attachments. You can  also modifying the  attachment information,  notably
   the type, encoding and description.

   Attachments appear as follows by default:

 - 1 [text/plain, 7bit, 1K]           /tmp/mutt-euler-8082-0 <no description>
   2 [applica/x-gunzip, base64, 422K] ~/src/mutt-0.85.tar.gz <no description>

   The "-"  denotes  that  Mutt  will  delete  the  file  after  sending  (or
   postponing, or  canceling)  the  message.  It  can  be  toggled  with  the
   <toggle-unlink>  command  (default:  u).  The  next  field  is  the   MIME
   content-type, and can  be changed with  the <edit-type> command  (default:
   ^T). The next  field is the  encoding for the  attachment, which allows  a
   binary message to  be encoded for  transmission on 7bit  links. It can  be
   changed with the <edit-encoding> command (default: ^E). The next field  is
   the size of the  attachment, rounded to kilobytes  or megabytes. The  next
   field is the filename, which can be changed with the <rename-file> command
   (default: R). The final  field is the description  of the attachment,  and
   can be  changed  with the  <edit-description>  command (default:  d).  See
   $attach_format for  a  full list  of  available expandos  to  format  this
   display to your needs.

2. MIME Type Configuration with mime.types

   To get most out of  MIME, it's important that  a MIME part's content  type
   matches the content as closely as possible so that the recipient's  client
   can automatically  select  the  right viewer  for  the  content.  However,
   there's no reliable  for Mutt to  know how to  detect every possible  file
   type. Instead, it  uses a simple  plain text mapping  file that  specifies
   what file extension  corresponds to what  MIME type. This  file is  called
   mime.types.

   When you  add an  attachment  to your  mail  message, Mutt  searches  your
   personal  mime.types  file  at  $HOME/.mime.types,  and  then  the  system
   mime.types file at /usr/local/share/mutt/mime.types or /etc/mime.types

   Each line  starts  with  the full  MIME  type,  followed by  a  space  and
   space-separated list of file extensions. For example you could use:

   Example 5.1. mime.types

 application/postscript          ps eps
 application/pgp                 pgp
 audio/x-aiff                    aif aifc aiff

   A sample  mime.types file  comes with  the Mutt  distribution, and  should
   contain most of the MIME types you are likely to use.

   If Mutt can not determine the MIME  type by the extension of the file  you
   attach, it  will  look  at  the  file. If  the  file  is  free  of  binary
   information, Mutt will assume that the file is plain text, and mark it  as
   text/plain. If the file contains  binary information, then Mutt will  mark
   it as application/octet-stream.  You can  change the MIME  type that  Mutt
   assigns to an attachment by using the <edit-type> command from the compose
   menu (default: ^T), see  Table 5.1, "Supported  MIME types" for  supported
   major types. Mutt  recognizes all  of these  if the  appropriate entry  is
   found in the  mime.types file.  Non-recognized mime types  should only  be
   used if  the recipient  of the  message  is likely  to be  expecting  such
   attachments.

   Table 5.1. Supported MIME types

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | MIME major type | Standard |                Description                |
   |-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------|
   | application     | yes      | General application data                  |
   |-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------|
   | audio           | yes      | Audio data                                |
   |-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------|
   | image           | yes      | Image data                                |
   |-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------|
   | message         | yes      | Mail messages, message status information |
   |-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------|
   | model           | yes      | VRML and other modeling data              |
   |-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------|
   | multipart       | yes      | Container for other MIME parts            |
   |-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------|
   | text            | yes      | Text data                                 |
   |-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------|
   | video           | yes      | Video data                                |
   |-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------|
   | chemical        | no       | Mostly molecular data                     |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   MIME types are not arbitrary, they need to be assigned by IANA.

3. MIME Viewer Configuration with Mailcap

   Mutt supports RFC 1524 MIME Configuration, in particular the Unix specific
   format specified in Appendix A of  RFC 1524. This file format is  commonly
   referred to as the "mailcap" format. Many MIME compliant programs  utilize
   the mailcap format, allowing you to specify handling for all MIME types in
   one place for  all programs.  Programs known  to use  this format  include
   Firefox, lynx and metamail.

   In order to  handle various  MIME types  that Mutt  doesn't have  built-in
   support for, it parses a series of external configuration files to find an
   external handler. The  default search string  for these files  is a  colon
   delimited list containing the following files:

    1. $HOME/.mailcap

    2. $PKGDATADIR/mailcap

    3. $SYSCONFDIR/mailcap

    4. /etc/mailcap

    5. /usr/etc/mailcap

    6. /usr/local/etc/mailcap

   where $HOME is your  home directory. The  $PKGDATADIR and the  $SYSCONFDIR
   directories depend on where Mutt is  installed: the former is the  default
   for shared data, the latter for system configuration files.

   The default search path can be obtained by running the following command:

 mutt -nF /dev/null -Q mailcap_path

   In particular,  the metamail  distribution will  install a  mailcap  file,
   usually as /usr/local/etc/mailcap, which contains some baseline entries.

  3.1. The Basics of the Mailcap File

   A mailcap file consists of a series of lines which are comments, blank, or
   definitions.

   A comment line consists of a # character followed by anything you want.

   A blank line is blank.

   A definition line  consists of  a content type,  a view  command, and  any
   number of optional fields. Each field of a definition line is divided by a
   semicolon ";" character.

   The  content  type  is  specified  in  the  MIME  standard  "type/subtype"
   notation. For example, text/plain, text/html, image/gif, etc. In addition,
   the mailcap  format includes  two  formats for  wildcards, one  using  the
   special "*"  subtype, the  other  is the  implicit  wild, where  you  only
   include the major  type. For  example, image/*,  or video  will match  all
   image types and video types, respectively.

   The view command is a Unix  command for viewing the type specified.  There
   are two different types of commands supported. The default is to send  the
   body of the  MIME message to  the command  on stdin. You  can change  this
   behavior by using %s as a parameter to your view command. This will  cause
   Mutt to save the body  of the MIME message to  a temporary file, and  then
   call the view command with  the %s replaced by  the name of the  temporary
   file. In both cases, Mutt will turn over the terminal to the view  program
   until the program quits, at which time Mutt will remove the temporary file
   if it exists. This means  that mailcap does not work  out of the box  with
   programs which detach themselves from  the terminal right after  starting,
   like open on Mac OS  X. In order to  nevertheless use these programs  with
   mailcap, you probably need custom shell scripts.

   So, in  the  simplest form,  you  can send  a  text/plain message  to  the
   external pager more on standard input:

 text/plain; more

   Or, you could send the message as a file:

 text/plain; more %s

   Perhaps you  would like  to use  lynx to  interactively view  a  text/html
   message:

 text/html; lynx %s

   In this case, lynx does not support viewing a file from standard input, so
   you must use the %s syntax.

  Note

   Some older  versions of  lynx contain  a  bug where  they will  check  the
   mailcap file for  a viewer for  text/html. They will  find the line  which
   calls lynx, and run it. This  causes lynx to continuously spawn itself  to
   view the object.

   On the other  hand, maybe you  don't want to  use lynx interactively,  you
   just want to  have it convert  the text/html to  text/plain, then you  can
   use:

 text/html; lynx -dump %s | more

   Perhaps you wish to use lynx to  view text/html files, and a pager on  all
   other text formats, then you would use the following:

 text/html; lynx %s
 text/*; more

  3.2. Secure Use of Mailcap

   The interpretation of  shell meta-characters embedded  in MIME  parameters
   can lead to security problems in  general. Mutt tries to quote  parameters
   in expansion  of %s  syntaxes  properly, and  avoids risky  characters  by
   substituting them, see the $mailcap_sanitize variable.

   Although Mutt's  procedures to  invoke programs  with mailcap  seem to  be
   safe, there are other applications parsing mailcap, maybe taking less care
   of it. Therefore you should pay attention to the following rules:

   Keep the %-expandos away from shell quoting. Don't quote them with  single
   or double quotes. Mutt  does this for  you, the right  way, as should  any
   other program  which  interprets mailcap.  Don't  put them  into  backtick
   expansions. Be  highly careful  with evil  statements, and  avoid them  if
   possible at all. Trying to fix broken behavior with quotes introduces  new
   leaks -- there is no alternative to correct quoting in the first place.

   If you  have to  use the  %-expandos'  values in  context where  you  need
   quoting or backtick expansions, put that  value into a shell variable  and
   reference the shell variable where necessary, as in the following  example
   (using $charset inside  the backtick expansion  is safe, since  it is  not
   itself subject to any further expansion):

 text/test-mailcap-bug; cat %s; copiousoutput; test=charset=%{charset} \
         && test "`echo $charset | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'`" != iso-8859-1

  3.3. Advanced Mailcap Usage

    3.3.1. Optional Fields

   In addition to the required content-type and view command fields, you  can
   add semi-colon ";" separated fields to  set flags and other options.  Mutt
   recognizes the following optional fields:

   copiousoutput

           This flag  tells  Mutt  that the  command  passes  possibly  large
           amounts of text on standard output.  This causes Mutt to invoke  a
           pager (either the internal pager or the external pager defined  by
           the pager variable)  on the  output of the  view command.  Without
           this flag, Mutt assumes that the command is interactive. One could
           use this to replace the pipe to more in the lynx -dump example  in
           the Basic section:

 text/html; lynx -dump %s ; copiousoutput

           This will cause lynx to format the text/html output as  text/plain
           and Mutt will use your standard pager to display the results.

           Note that when using  the built-in pager,  only entries with  this
           flag will be  considered a handler  for a MIME  type -- all  other
           entries will be ignored.

   needsterminal

           Mutt uses this  flag when viewing  attachments with auto_view,  in
           order to  decide  whether  it  should honor  the  setting  of  the
           $wait_key variable or not. When  an attachment is viewed using  an
           interactive program,  and the  corresponding mailcap  entry has  a
           needsterminal flag, Mutt will use $wait_key and the exit status of
           the program to decide if it will ask you to press a key after  the
           external program has exited. In  all other situations it will  not
           prompt you for a key.

   compose=<command>

           This flag specifies the command to use to create a new  attachment
           of a specific MIME type. Mutt supports this from the compose menu.

   composetyped=<command>

           This flag specifies the command to use to create a new  attachment
           of a specific  MIME type.  This command differs  from the  compose
           command in  that Mutt  will expect  standard MIME  headers on  the
           data.  This  can   be  used  to   specify  parameters,   filename,
           description, etc. for  a new attachment.  Mutt supports this  from
           the compose menu.

   print=<command>

           This flag specifies the  command to use to  print a specific  MIME
           type. Mutt supports this from the attachment and compose menus.

   edit=<command>

           This flag specifies  the command to  use to edit  a specific  MIME
           type. Mutt supports this from the  compose menu, and also uses  it
           to compose  new  attachments. Mutt  will  default to  the  defined
           $editor for text attachments.

   nametemplate=<template>

           This field specifies the format for the file denoted by %s in  the
           command fields.  Certain  programs  will require  a  certain  file
           extension, for instance, to correctly  view a file. For  instance,
           lynx will only interpret a file  as text/html if the file ends  in
           .html. So, you  would specify lynx  as a text/html  viewer with  a
           line in the mailcap file like:

 text/html; lynx %s; nametemplate=%s.html

   test=<command>

           This field specifies a command to run to test whether this mailcap
           entry should  be used.  The command  is defined  with the  command
           expansion rules  defined  in  the next  section.  If  the  command
           returns 0, then the test passed, and Mutt uses this entry. If  the
           command returns non-zero, then the test failed, and Mutt continues
           searching for the  right entry.  Note that  the content-type  must
           match before Mutt performs the test. For example:

 text/html; firefox -remote 'openURL(%s)' ; test=RunningX
 text/html; lynx %s

           In this example,  Mutt will  run the program  RunningX which  will
           return 0 if the  X Window manager is  running, and non-zero if  it
           isn't. If  RunningX  returns 0,  then  Mutt will  run  firefox  to
           display the text/html object. If  RunningX doesn't return 0,  then
           Mutt will go  on to the  next entry  and use lynx  to display  the
           text/html object.

    3.3.2. Search Order

   When searching for an entry in the mailcap file, Mutt will search for  the
   most useful entry for its purpose. For instance, if you are attempting  to
   print an image/gif,  and you have  the following entries  in your  mailcap
   file, Mutt will search for an entry with the print command:

 image/*;        xv %s
 image/gif;      ; print= anytopnm %s | pnmtops | lpr; \
                 nametemplate=%s.gif

   Mutt will skip  the image/*  entry and use  the image/gif  entry with  the
   print command.

   In addition, you can  use this with auto_view  to denote two commands  for
   viewing an attachment,  one to be  viewed automatically, the  other to  be
   viewed interactively  from the  attachment menu  using the  <view-mailcap>
   function (bound to "m" by default). In addition, you can then use the test
   feature to determine which viewer  to use interactively depending on  your
   environment.

 text/html;      firefox -remote 'openURL(%s)' ; test=RunningX
 text/html;      lynx %s; nametemplate=%s.html
 text/html;      lynx -dump %s; nametemplate=%s.html; copiousoutput

   For  auto_view,  Mutt  will  choose   the  third  entry  because  of   the
   copiousoutput tag.  For interactive  viewing, Mutt  will run  the  program
   RunningX to determine  if it should  use the first  entry. If the  program
   returns non-zero, Mutt will use the second entry for interactive  viewing.
   The last entry is  for inline display in  the pager and the  <view-attach>
   function in the attachment menu.

   Entries with the copiousoutput tag should always be specified as the  last
   one per type. For non-interactive use,  the last entry will then  actually
   be the first matching one with the tag set. For non-interactive use,  only
   copiousoutput-tagged entries  are considered.  For interactive  use,  Mutt
   ignores this  tag  and  treats  all entries  equally.  Therefore,  if  not
   specified last,  all following  entries without  this tag  would never  be
   considered for <view-attach> because the copiousoutput before them matched
   already.

    3.3.3. Command Expansion

   The various  commands defined  in  the mailcap  files  are passed  to  the
   /bin/sh shell using the system(3)  function. Before the command is  passed
   to /bin/sh -c,  it is  parsed to  expand various  special parameters  with
   information from Mutt. The keywords Mutt expands are:

   %s

           As seen in the basic mailcap section, this variable is expanded to
           a filename specified  by the calling  program. This file  contains
           the body of the message to view/print/edit or where the  composing
           program should place the results of composition. In addition,  the
           use of  this keyword  causes Mutt  to  not pass  the body  of  the
           message to the view/print/edit program on stdin.

   %t

           Mutt will expand %t to the text representation of the content type
           of the message  in the  same form as  the first  parameter of  the
           mailcap definition line, i.e. text/html or image/gif.

   %{<parameter>}

           Mutt will expand this to the value of the specified parameter from
           the Content-Type: line of the mail message. For instance, if  your
           mail message contains:

 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1

           then Mutt  will expand  %{charset}  to "iso-8859-1".  The  default
           metamail mailcap file  uses this  feature to test  the charset  to
           spawn an xterm using the right charset to view the message.

   \%

           This will be replaced by a literal %.

   Mutt does not currently  support the %F and  %n keywords specified in  RFC
   1524. The  main purpose  of these  parameters is  for multipart  messages,
   which is handled internally by Mutt.

  3.4. Example Mailcap Files

   This mailcap file is fairly simple and standard:

 # I'm always running X :)
 video/*;        xanim %s > /dev/null
 image/*;        xv %s > /dev/null

 # I'm always running firefox (if my computer had more memory, maybe)
 text/html;      firefox -remote 'openURL(%s)'

   This mailcap file shows quite a number of examples:

 # Use xanim to view all videos   Xanim produces a header on startup,
 # send that to /dev/null so I don't see it
 video/*;        xanim %s > /dev/null

 # Send html to a running firefox by remote
 text/html;      firefox -remote 'openURL(%s)'; test=RunningFirefox

 # If I'm not running firefox but I am running X, start firefox on the
 # object
 text/html;      firefox %s; test=RunningX

 # Else use lynx to view it as text
 text/html;      lynx %s

 # This version would convert the text/html to text/plain
 text/html;      lynx -dump %s; copiousoutput

 # I use enscript to print text in two columns to a page
 text/*;         more %s; print=enscript -2Gr %s

 # Firefox adds a flag to tell itself to view jpegs internally
 image/jpeg;xv %s; x-mozilla-flags=internal

 # Use xv to view images if I'm running X
 # In addition, this uses the \ to extend the line and set my editor
 # for images
 image/*;xv %s; test=RunningX; \
         edit=xpaint %s

 # Convert images to text using the netpbm tools
 image/*;  (anytopnm %s | pnmscale -xysize 80 46 | ppmtopgm | pgmtopbm |
 pbmtoascii -1x2 ) 2>&1 ; copiousoutput

 # Send excel spreadsheets to my NT box
 application/ms-excel; open.pl %s

4. MIME Autoview

   Usage:

   auto_view mimetype [ mimetype ...]
   unauto_view { * | mimetype ... }

   In addition to explicitly telling Mutt to view an attachment with the MIME
   viewer defined in  the mailcap file  from the attachments  menu, Mutt  has
   support for automatically viewing MIME attachments while in the pager.

   For this to work, you must define a viewer in the mailcap file which  uses
   the copiousoutput option  to denote that  it is non-interactive.  Usually,
   you also use the entry to convert the attachment to a text  representation
   which you can view in the pager.

   You then use the auto_view configuration command to list the content-types
   that you wish to view automatically. For instance, if you set it to:

 auto_view text/html application/x-gunzip \
   application/postscript image/gif application/x-tar-gz

   ...Mutt would try to find corresponding entries for rendering  attachments
   of these types as text. A corresponding mailcap could look like:

 text/html;      lynx -dump %s; copiousoutput; nametemplate=%s.html
 image/*;        anytopnm %s | pnmscale -xsize 80 -ysize 50 | ppmtopgm | \
                 pgmtopbm | pbmtoascii ; copiousoutput
 application/x-gunzip;   gzcat; copiousoutput
 application/x-tar-gz; gunzip -c %s | tar -tf - ; copiousoutput
 application/postscript; ps2ascii %s; copiousoutput

   unauto_view can  be used  to remove  previous entries  from the  auto_view
   list. This can  be used with  message-hook to autoview  messages based  on
   size, etc. "unauto_view *" will remove all previous entries.

5. MIME Multipart/Alternative

   The multipart/alternative container type only  has child MIME parts  which
   represent the same content  in an alternative way.  This is often used  to
   send HTML messages which contain an alternative plain text representation.

   Mutt  has  some   heuristics  for  determining   which  attachment  of   a
   multipart/alternative type to display:

    1. First, Mutt will check the alternative_order list to determine if  one
       of the available types is preferred.  It consists of a number of  MIME
       types in order, including support for implicit and explicit wildcards.
       For example:

 alternative_order text/enriched text/plain text \
   application/postscript image/*

    2. Next, Mutt will check  if any of the  types have a defined  auto_view,
       and use that.

    3. Failing that, Mutt will look for any text type.

    4. As a last attempt, Mutt will look for any type it knows how to handle.

   To  remove  a  MIME  type   from  the  alternative_order  list,  use   the
   unalternative_order command.

6. Attachment Searching and Counting

   If  you  ever  lose  track  of  attachments  in  your  mailboxes,   Mutt's
   attachment-counting and -searching support might be for you. You can  make
   your message index display  the number of  qualifying attachments in  each
   message, or  search  for  messages  by  attachment  count.  You  also  can
   configure what  kinds of  attachments qualify  for this  feature with  the
   attachments and unattachments commands.

   In order to provide this information,  Mutt needs to fully MIME-parse  all
   messages affected  first.  This can  slow  down operation  especially  for
   remote mail  folders  such  as  IMAP  because  all  messages  have  to  be
   downloaded first regardless whether the user really wants to view them  or
   not though using Section 7.2, "Body Caching" usually means to download the
   message just once.

   The syntax is:

   attachments { + | - }disposition mime-type
   unattachments { + | - }disposition mime-type
   attachments ?

   disposition is the attachment's Content-Disposition type -- either  inline
   or attachment. You can abbreviate this to I or A.

   Disposition is prefixed by either a "+" symbol or a "-" symbol. If it's  a
   "+", you're saying that you want  to allow this disposition and MIME  type
   to qualify. If it's  a "-", you're saying  that this disposition and  MIME
   type is an exception  to previous "+" rules.  There are examples below  of
   how this is useful.

   mime-type is  the MIME  type of  the attachment  you want  the command  to
   affect. A  MIME type  is always  of the  format major/minor,  where  major
   describes the  broad category  of document  you're looking  at, and  minor
   describes the  specific  type within  that  category. The  major  part  of
   mime-type must be literal text (or  the special token "*"), but the  minor
   part may  be a  regular expression.  (Therefore, "*/.*"  matches any  MIME
   type.)

   The MIME  types  you give  to  the attachments  directive  are a  kind  of
   pattern. When you use the attachments directive, the patterns you  specify
   are added to a  list. When you use  unattachments, the pattern is  removed
   from the list. The patterns are not expanded and matched to specific  MIME
   types at this time --  they're just text in  a list. They're only  matched
   when actually evaluating a message.

   Some examples  might  help  to  illustrate.  The  examples  that  are  not
   commented out define the default configuration of the lists.

   Example 5.2. Attachment counting


 # Removing a pattern from a list removes that pattern literally. It
 # does not remove any type matching the pattern.
 #
 #  attachments   +A */.*
 #  attachments   +A image/jpeg
 #  unattachments +A */.*
 #
 # This leaves "attached" image/jpeg files on the allowed attachments
 # list. It does not remove all items, as you might expect, because the
 # second */.* is not a matching expression at this time.
 #
 # Remember: "unattachments" only undoes what "attachments" has done!
 # It does not trigger any matching on actual messages.

 # Qualify any MIME part with an "attachment" disposition, EXCEPT for
 # text/x-vcard and application/pgp parts. (PGP parts are already known
 # to mutt, and can be searched for with ~g, ~G, and ~k.)
 #
 # I've added x-pkcs7 to this, since it functions (for S/MIME)
 # analogously to PGP signature attachments. S/MIME isn't supported
 # in a stock mutt build, but we can still treat it specially here.
 #

 attachments   +A */.*
 attachments   -A text/x-vcard application/pgp.*
 attachments   -A application/x-pkcs7-.*


 # Discount all MIME parts with an "inline" disposition, unless they're
 # text/plain. (Why inline a text/plain part unless it's external to the
 # message flow?)

 attachments   +I text/plain


 # These two lines make Mutt qualify MIME containers.  (So, for example,
 # a message/rfc822 forward will count as an attachment.)  The first
 # line is unnecessary if you already have "attach-allow */.*", of
 # course.  These are off by default!  The MIME elements contained
 # within a message/* or multipart/* are still examined, even if the
 # containers themselves don't qualify.

 #attachments  +A message/.* multipart/.*
 #attachments  +I message/.* multipart/.*


 ## You probably don't really care to know about deleted attachments.
 attachments   -A message/external-body
 attachments   -I message/external-body

   Entering the command "attachments ?" as  a command will list your  current
   settings in Muttrc format, so that it can be pasted elsewhere.

7. MIME Lookup

   Usage:

   mime-lookup mimetype [ mimetype ...]
   unmime-lookup { * | mimetype ... }

   Mutt's mime_lookup list specifies a list of MIME types that should not  be
   treated according to their mailcap entry. This option is designed to  deal
   with binary types such  as application/octet-stream. When an  attachment's
   MIME type is  listed in mime_lookup,  then the extension  of the  filename
   will be compared  to the list  of extensions in  the mime.types file.  The
   MIME type associated with this extension will then be used to process  the
   attachment according to the rules in the mailcap file and according to any
   other configuration options  (such as auto_view)  specified. Common  usage
   would be:

 mime_lookup application/octet-stream application/X-Lotus-Manuscript

   In addition, the unmime_lookup command may be used to disable this feature
   for any particular MIME type if it had been set, for example, in a  global
   .muttrc.

Chapter 6. Optional Features

   Table of Contents

   1. General Notes

                1.1. Enabling/Disabling Features

                1.2. URL Syntax

   2. SSL/TLS Support

   3. POP3 Support

   4. IMAP Support

                4.1. The IMAP Folder Browser

                4.2. Authentication

   5. SMTP Support

   6. Managing Multiple Accounts

   7. Local Caching

                7.1. Header Caching

                7.2. Body Caching

                7.3. Cache Directories

                7.4. Maintenance

   8. Exact Address Generation

   9. Sending Anonymous Messages via Mixmaster

1. General Notes

  1.1. Enabling/Disabling Features

   Mutt supports  several  of  optional  features which  can  be  enabled  or
   disabled at compile-time by giving the configure script certain arguments.
   These are  listed in  the  "Optional features"  section of  the  configure
   --help output.

   Which features are enabled  or disabled can later  be determined from  the
   output of mutt -v. If a compile  option starts with "+" it is enabled  and
   disabled if prefixed  with "-". For  example, if Mutt  was compiled  using
   GnuTLS for  encrypted  communication instead  of  OpenSSL, mutt  -v  would
   contain:

 -USE_SSL_OPENSSL +USE_SSL_GNUTLS

  1.2. URL Syntax

   Mutt optionally supports the IMAP,  POP3 and SMTP protocols which  require
   to access servers using URLs. The canonical syntax for specifying URLs  in
   Mutt is (an item enclosed in [] means it is optional and may be omitted):

 proto[s]://[username[:password]@]server[:port][/path]

   proto is the communication protocol: imap for IMAP, pop for POP3 and  smtp
   for SMTP. If "s" for "secure communication" is appended, Mutt will attempt
   to establish an encrypted communication using SSL or TLS.

   Since all  protocols  supported by  Mutt  support/require  authentication,
   login credentials may be specified in the URL. This has the advantage that
   multiple IMAP, POP3 or SMTP servers may be specified (which isn't possible
   using, for example, $imap_user). The  username may contain the "@"  symbol
   being used by many  mail systems as  part of the  login name. The  special
   characters "/" (%2F), ":"  (%3A) and "%" (%25)  have to be URL-encoded  in
   usernames using the %-notation.

   A password  can  be given,  too  but is  not  recommended if  the  URL  is
   specified in a configuration file on disk.

   If no port number  is given, Mutt  will use the  system's default for  the
   given protocol (usually consulting /etc/services).

   The optional path is only relevant for IMAP and ignored elsewhere.

   Example 6.1. URLs

 pops://host/
 imaps://user@host/INBOX/Sent
 smtp://user@host:587/

2. SSL/TLS Support

   If Mutt is compiled with  IMAP, POP3 and/or SMTP  support, it can also  be
   compiled with support for SSL or TLS  using either OpenSSL or GnuTLS (  by
   running the configure script with the --enable-ssl=... option for  OpenSSL
   or --enable-gnutls=...  for  GnuTLS). Mutt  can  then attempt  to  encrypt
   communication with remote servers if these protocols are suffixed with "s"
   for "secure communication".

3. POP3 Support

   If Mutt is  compiled with POP3  support (by running  the configure  script
   with the --enable-pop  flag), it has  the ability to  work with  mailboxes
   located on a remote POP3 server and fetch mail for local browsing.

   Remote POP3 servers can be accessed  using URLs with the pop protocol  for
   unencrypted and pops  for encrypted communication,  see Section 1.2,  "URL
   Syntax" for details.

   Polling for new mail  is more expensive over  POP3 than locally. For  this
   reason the frequency  at which Mutt  will check for  mail remotely can  be
   controlled by the $pop_checkinterval variable, which defaults to every  60
   seconds.

   POP is  read-only  which doesn't  allow  for some  features  like  editing
   messages or changing flags. However,  using Section 7.1, "Header  Caching"
   and Section 7.2, "Body Caching"  Mutt simulates the new/old/read flags  as
   well as flagged  and replied.  Mutt applies some  logic on  top of  remote
   messages but cannot change  them so that modifications  of flags are  lost
   when messages are downloaded from the POP server (either by Mutt or  other
   tools).

   Another way  to  access  your  POP3  mail  is  the  <fetch-mail>  function
   (default: G). It allows to connect  to $pop_host, fetch all your new  mail
   and place it in the local $spoolfile. After this point, Mutt runs  exactly
   as if the mail had always been local.

  Note

   If you only  need to  fetch all  messages to  a local  mailbox you  should
   consider using a specialized program, such as fetchmail(1), getmail(1)  or
   similar.

4. IMAP Support

   If Mutt was compiled  with IMAP support (by  running the configure  script
   with the --enable-imap  flag), it  has the  ability to  work with  folders
   located on a remote IMAP server.

   You can access the remote  inbox by selecting the  folder by its URL  (see
   Section 1.2, "URL Syntax" for details)  using the imap or imaps  protocol.
   Alternatively,  a  pine-compatible  notation   is  also  supported,   i.e.
   {[username@]imapserver[:port][/ssl]}path/to/folder

   Note that not all servers use "/" as the hierarchy separator. Mutt  should
   correctly notice which separator is being  used by the server and  convert
   paths accordingly.

   When browsing folders on an IMAP server, you can toggle whether to look at
   only  the  folders  you  are  subscribed  to,  or  all  folders  with  the
   toggle-subscribed command. See also the $imap_list_subscribed variable.

   Polling for new mail  on an IMAP server  can cause noticeable delays.  So,
   you'll want  to carefully  tune the  $mail_check and  $timeout  variables.
   Reasonable values are:

 set mail_check=90
 set timeout=15

   with relatively good results even over slow modem lines.

  Note

   Note that if you are using mbox as  the mail store on UW servers prior  to
   v12.250, the server has  been reported to disconnect  a client if  another
   client selects the same folder.

  4.1. The IMAP Folder Browser

   As of version  1.2, Mutt supports  browsing mailboxes on  an IMAP  server.
   This is mostly  the same  as the local  file browser,  with the  following
   differences:

     o In lieu of file permissions, Mutt displays the string "IMAP", possibly
       followed by the symbol  "+", indicating that  the entry contains  both
       messages and  subfolders. On  Cyrus-like  servers folders  will  often
       contain both messages and subfolders.

     o For the case where an entry can contain both messages and  subfolders,
       the selection key (bound to enter  by default) will choose to  descend
       into the subfolder  view. If  you wish to  view the  messages in  that
       folder, you must use view-file instead (bound to space by default).

     o You can create, delete and rename mailboxes with the <create-mailbox>,
       <delete-mailbox>, and <rename-mailbox> commands (default bindings:  C,
       d and r, respectively). You may also <subscribe> and <unsubscribe>  to
       mailboxes (normally these are bound to s and u, respectively).

  4.2. Authentication

   Mutt supports four authentication methods with IMAP servers: SASL, GSSAPI,
   CRAM-MD5, and  LOGIN  (there is  a  patch by  Grant  Edwards to  add  NTLM
   authentication for you poor exchange users out there, but it has yet to be
   integrated  into  the  main   tree).  There  is   also  support  for   the
   pseudo-protocol ANONYMOUS, which  allows you to  log in to  a public  IMAP
   server without  having an  account.  To use  ANONYMOUS, simply  make  your
   username blank or "anonymous".

   SASL  is  a  special  super-authenticator,  which  selects  among  several
   protocols (including GSSAPI, CRAM-MD5, ANONYMOUS, and DIGEST-MD5) the most
   secure method available on your host  and the server. Using some of  these
   methods (including DIGEST-MD5  and possibly GSSAPI),  your entire  session
   will be encrypted and invisible to those teeming network snoops. It is the
   best option  if you  have it.  To use  it, you  must have  the Cyrus  SASL
   library installed on  your system  and compile Mutt  with the  --with-sasl
   flag.

   Mutt will  try whichever  methods are  compiled in  and available  on  the
   server, in the following order: SASL, ANONYMOUS, GSSAPI, CRAM-MD5, LOGIN.

   There are a few variables which control authentication:

     o  $imap_user  -   controls  the  username   under  which  you   request
       authentication on the  IMAP server,  for all  authenticators. This  is
       overridden by an explicit username in the mailbox path (i.e. by  using
       a mailbox name of the form {user@host}).

     o  $imap_pass  -  a  password  which   you  may  preset,  used  by   all
       authentication methods where a password is needed.

     o $imap_authenticators - a  colon-delimited list of IMAP  authentication
       methods to try, in the order you wish to try them. If specified,  this
       overrides Mutt's  default (attempt  everything,  in the  order  listed
       above).

5. SMTP Support

   Besides supporting traditional mail delivery through a sendmail-compatible
   program, Mutt  supports delivery  through SMTP  if it  was configured  and
   built with --enable-smtp.

   If the  configuration variable  $smtp_url is  set, Mutt  will contact  the
   given SMTP server to deliver messages; if  it is unset, Mutt will use  the
   program specified by $sendmail.

   For details on the URL syntax, please see Section 1.2, "URL Syntax".

   The built-in SMTP  support supports encryption  (the smtps protocol  using
   SSL or TLS) as well as SMTP authentication using SASL. The  authentication
   mechanisms for SASL are specified in $smtp_authenticators defaulting to an
   empty list which makes Mutt try all available methods from most-secure  to
   least-secure.

6. Managing Multiple Accounts

   Usage:

   account-hook pattern command

   If you happen to have accounts on multiple IMAP, POP and/or SMTP  servers,
   you may find  managing all  the authentication  settings inconvenient  and
   error-prone. The  account-hook  command may  help.  This hook  works  like
   folder-hook but is invoked whenever Mutt needs to access a remote  mailbox
   (including inside the folder browser), not just when you open the mailbox.
   This includes (for example) polling for new mail, storing Fcc messages and
   saving messages to a folder. As a consequence, account-hook should only be
   used to  set  connection-related  settings such  as  passwords  or  tunnel
   commands but  not settings  such as  sender address  or name  (because  in
   general it should be considered unpredictable which account-hook was  last
   used).

   Some examples:

 account-hook . 'unset imap_user; unset imap_pass; unset tunnel'
 account-hook imap://host1/ 'set imap_user=me1 imap_pass=foo'
 account-hook imap://host2/ 'set tunnel="ssh host2 /usr/libexec/imapd"'
 account-hook smtp://user@host3/ 'set tunnel="ssh host3 /usr/libexec/smtpd"'

   To manage multiple accounts with, for example, different values of $record
   or sender  addresses, folder-hook  has to  be be  used together  with  the
   mailboxes command.

   Example 6.2. Managing multiple accounts

 mailboxes imap://user@host1/INBOX
 folder-hook imap://user@host1/ 'set folder=imap://host1/ ; set record=+INBOX/Sent'

 mailboxes imap://user@host2/INBOX
 folder-hook imap://user@host2/ 'set folder=imap://host2/ ; set record=+INBOX/Sent'

   In example  Example  6.2, "Managing  multiple  accounts" the  folders  are
   defined using mailboxes so Mutt polls them for new mail. Each  folder-hook
   triggers when  one mailbox  below each  IMAP account  is opened  and  sets
   $folder to  the  account's root  folder.  Next,  it sets  $record  to  the
   INBOX/Sent folder  below the  newly set  $folder. Please  notice that  the
   value the "+" mailbox shortcut refers  to depends on the current value  of
   $folder and therefore has to be set separately per account. Setting  other
   values like $from or $signature is analogous to setting $record.

7. Local Caching

   Mutt contains  two  types of  local  caching: (1)  the  so-called  "header
   caching" and (2) the so-called "body caching" which are both described  in
   this section.

   Header caching  is optional  as  it depends  on external  libraries,  body
   caching is always enabled if Mutt is compiled with POP and/or IMAP support
   as these use it (body caching requires no external library).

  7.1. Header Caching

   Mutt provides  optional  support  for  caching  message  headers  for  the
   following types  of folders:  IMAP, POP,  Maildir and  MH. Header  caching
   greatly speeds  up  opening  large folders  because  for  remote  folders,
   headers usually  only need  to be  downloaded once.  For Maildir  and  MH,
   reading the headers  from a  single file is  much faster  than looking  at
   possibly thousands of single files (since Maildir and MH use one file  per
   message.)

   Header  caching  can  be  enabled   via  the  configure  script  and   the
   --enable-hcache option. It's  not turned  on by  default because  external
   database libraries are required:  one of tokyocabinet,  qdbm, gdbm or  bdb
   must be present.

   If enabled, $header_cache  can be  used to  either point  to a  file or  a
   directory. If set to point  to a file, one  database file for all  folders
   will be used  (which may result  in lower performance),  but one file  per
   folder if it points to a directory.

  7.2. Body Caching

   Both cache methods can  be combined using the  same directory for  storage
   (and for IMAP/POP  even provide  meaningful file  names) which  simplifies
   manual maintenance tasks.

   In addition to  caching message headers  only, Mutt can  also cache  whole
   message bodies. This  results in faster  display of messages  for POP  and
   IMAP folders because messages usually have to be downloaded only once.

   For  configuration,  the  variable  $message_cachedir  must  point  to   a
   directory. There, Mutt  will create  a hierarchy  of subdirectories  named
   like the account and mailbox path the cache is for.

  7.3. Cache Directories

   For   using   both,   header   and   body   caching,   $header_cache   and
   $message_cachedir can be safely set to the same value.

   In a header or  body cache directory, Mutt  creates a directory  hierarchy
   named like: proto:user@hostname  where proto  is either  "pop" or  "imap."
   Within there, for each  folder, Mutt stores messages  in single files  and
   header caches in  files with  the ".hcache"  extension. All  files can  be
   removed as needed if the consumed disk space becomes an issue as Mutt will
   silently fetch missing items again.  Pathnames are always stored in  UTF-8
   encoding.

   For Maildir  and  MH, the  header  cache files  are  named after  the  MD5
   checksum of the path.

  7.4. Maintenance

   Mutt does not (yet) support maintenance features for header cache database
   files so that  files have  to be  removed in case  they grow  too big.  It
   depends on the database library used for header caching whether disk space
   freed by removing messages is re-used.

   For body caches, Mutt  can keep the  local cache in  sync with the  remote
   mailbox if the  $message_cache_clean variable  is set.  Cleaning means  to
   remove messages from the cache which are no longer present in the  mailbox
   which only happens when  other mail clients or  instances of Mutt using  a
   different body cache location delete messages (Mutt itself removes deleted
   messages from the cache  when syncing a mailbox).  As cleaning can take  a
   noticeable amount  of time,  it should  not  be set  in general  but  only
   occasionally.

8. Exact Address Generation

   Mutt supports  the  "Name  <user@host>" address  syntax  for  reading  and
   writing messages, the  older "user@host (Name)"  syntax is only  supported
   when reading messages. The --enable-exact-address  switch can be given  to
   configure  to  build  it  with   write-support  for  the  latter   syntax.
   EXACT_ADDRESS in the output of mutt -v indicates whether it's supported.

9. Sending Anonymous Messages via Mixmaster

   You may also have compiled Mutt to co-operate with Mixmaster, an anonymous
   remailer. Mixmaster permits you to send your messages anonymously using  a
   chain of remailers.  Mixmaster support  in Mutt is  for mixmaster  version
   2.04 or later.

   To use it, you'll have to  obey certain restrictions. Most important,  you
   cannot use the Cc and Bcc headers. To tell Mutt to use mixmaster, you have
   to select a remailer chain, using the mix function on the compose menu.

   The chain selection  screen is  divided into  two parts.  In the  (larger)
   upper part, you get a  list of remailers you may  use. In the lower  part,
   you see the currently selected chain of remailers.

   You can  navigate in  the chain  using the  <chain-prev> and  <chain-next>
   functions, which are by default bound to the left and right arrows and  to
   the h and l keys (think vi keyboard bindings). To insert a remailer at the
   current chain position, use  the <insert> function.  To append a  remailer
   behind the current chain position, use <select-entry> or <append>. You can
   also delete  entries from  the chain,  using the  corresponding  function.
   Finally, to  abandon  your  changes,  leave the  menu,  or  <accept>  them
   pressing (by default) the Return key.

   Note that different remailers do have different capabilities, indicated in
   the %c  entry of  the remailer  menu lines  (see $mix_entry_format).  Most
   important is the "middleman" capability, indicated by a capital "M":  This
   means that the remailer in question cannot be used as the final element of
   a chain, but will only forward messages to other mixmaster remailers.  For
   details on the  other capabilities, please  have a look  at the  mixmaster
   documentation.

Chapter 7. Security Considerations

   Table of Contents

   1. Passwords

   2. Temporary Files

   3. Information Leaks

                3.1. Message-Id: headers

                3.2. mailto:-style Links

   4. External Applications

   First of all, Mutt  contains no security holes  included by intention  but
   may contain unknown security holes. As a consequence, please run Mutt only
   with as few permissions  as possible. Especially, do  not run Mutt as  the
   super user.

   When configuring Mutt, there're some points to note about secure setups so
   please read this chapter carefully.

1. Passwords

   Although Mutt can be told the various passwords for accounts, please never
   store passwords in configuration files. Besides the fact that the system's
   operator can  always read  them, you  could  forget to  mask it  out  when
   reporting a bug or asking  for help via a  mailing list. Even worse,  your
   mail including your password could be archived by internet search engines,
   mail-to-news gateways etc. It  may already be too  late before you  notice
   your mistake.

2. Temporary Files

   Mutt uses many  temporary files  for viewing  messages, verifying  digital
   signatures, etc. As long as being  used, these files are visible by  other
   users and  maybe  even  readable  in case  of  misconfiguration.  Also,  a
   different location for these files may be desired which can be changed via
   the $tmpdir variable.

3. Information Leaks

  3.1. Message-Id: headers

   Message-Id: headers contain a local part that is to be created in a unique
   fashion. In  order to  do so,  Mutt will  "leak" some  information to  the
   outside world  when  sending  messages:  the  generation  of  this  header
   includes a  step  counter which  is  increased (and  rotated)  with  every
   message  sent.  In  a  longer  running  mutt  session,  others  can   make
   assumptions about your mailing habits depending on the number of  messages
   sent. If this is  not desired, the header  can be manually provided  using
   $edit_headers (though not recommended).

  3.2. mailto:-style Links

   As Mutt be can  be set up to  be the mail client  to handle mailto:  style
   links in websites, there're security considerations, too. Arbitrary header
   fields can be embedded in these links which could override existing header
   fields or attach arbitrary files using the Attach: pseudoheader. This  may
   be problematic  if the  $edit-headers  variable is  unset, i.e.  the  user
   doesn't want to see  header fields while editing  the message and  doesn't
   pay enough attention to the compose menu's listing of attachments.

   For example, following a link like

 mailto:joe@host?Attach=~/.gnupg/secring.gpg

   will send out  the user's private  gnupg keyring to  joe@host if the  user
   doesn't follow the information on screen carefully enough.

4. External Applications

   Mutt  in  many  places  has  to  rely  on  external  applications  or  for
   convenience supports mechanisms involving external applications.

   One of these is the mailcap mechanism as defined by RfC1524. Details about
   a secure use of  the mailcap mechanisms is  given in Section 3.2,  "Secure
   Use of Mailcap".

   Besides the  mailcap  mechanism, Mutt  uses  a number  of  other  external
   utilities for  operation,  for  example  to  provide  crypto  support,  in
   backtick expansion in  configuration files or  format string filters.  The
   same security considerations  apply for  these as for  tools involved  via
   mailcap.

Chapter 8. Performance Tuning

   Table of Contents

   1. Reading and Writing Mailboxes

   2. Reading Messages from Remote Folders

   3. Searching and Limiting

1. Reading and Writing Mailboxes

   Mutt's performance when reading mailboxes can be improved in two ways:

    1.  For  remote  folders  (IMAP  and  POP)  as  well  as  folders   using
       one-file-per message storage (Maildir and MH), Mutt's performance  can
       be greatly improved using header caching. using a single database  per
       folder.

    2. Mutt provides  the $read_inc  and $write_inc variables  to specify  at
       which rate to update progress counters.  If these values are too  low,
       Mutt may spend  more time  on updating  the progress  counter than  it
       spends on actually reading/writing folders.

       For example,  when  opening  a  maildir folder  with  a  few  thousand
       messages, the default value  for $read_inc may be  too low. It can  be
       tuned on on a folder-basis using folder-hooks:

 # use very high $read_inc to speed up reading hcache'd maildirs
 folder-hook . 'set read_inc=1000'
 # use lower value for reading slower remote IMAP folders
 folder-hook ^imap 'set read_inc=100'
 # use even lower value for reading even slower remote POP folders
 folder-hook ^pop 'set read_inc=1'

   These settings  work on  a  per-message basis.  However, as  messages  may
   greatly differ in size and certain operations are much faster than others,
   even per-folder settings of the  increment variables may not be  desirable
   as they produce either  too few or too  much progress updates. Thus,  Mutt
   allows to limit the number of  progress updates per second it'll  actually
   send to the terminal using the $time_inc variable.

2. Reading Messages from Remote Folders

   Reading messages  from remote  folders such  as IMAP  an POP  can be  slow
   especially for  large mailboxes  since  Mutt only  caches a  very  limited
   number of recently viewed  messages (usually 10) per  session (so that  it
   will be gone for the next session.)

   To improve performance and permanently cache whole messages, please  refer
   to Mutt's so-called body caching for details.

3. Searching and Limiting

   When searching mailboxes either via a  search or a limit action, for  some
   patterns  Mutt  distinguishes  between   regular  expression  and   string
   searches. For regular expressions, patterns are prefixed with "~" and with
   "=" for string searches.

   Even though a regular expression search is fast, it's several times slower
   than a pure string search which is noticeable especially on large folders.
   As a consequence,  a string  search should be  used instead  of a  regular
   expression search  if  the user  already  knows enough  about  the  search
   pattern.

   For example, when limiting a large folder to all messages sent to or by an
   author, it's  much faster  to search  for the  initial part  of an  e-mail
   address via  =Luser@  instead of  ~Luser@.  This is  especially  true  for
   searching message  bodies  since  a  larger amount  of  input  has  to  be
   searched.

   As for regular expressions, a lower case string search pattern makes  Mutt
   perform a case-insensitive search except  for IMAP (because for IMAP  Mutt
   performs server-side searches which don't support case-insensitivity).

Chapter 9. Reference

   Table of Contents

   1. Command-Line Options

   2. Configuration Commands

   3. Configuration Variables

                3.1. abort_nosubject

                3.2. abort_unmodified

                3.3. alias_file

                3.4. alias_format

                3.5. allow_8bit

                3.6. allow_ansi

                3.7. arrow_cursor

                3.8. ascii_chars

                3.9. askbcc

                3.10. askcc

                3.11. assumed_charset

                3.12. attach_charset

                3.13. attach_format

                3.14. attach_sep

                3.15. attach_split

                3.16. attribution

                3.17. auto_tag

                3.18. autoedit

                3.19. beep

                3.20. beep_new

                3.21. bounce

                3.22. bounce_delivered

                3.23. braille_friendly

                3.24. certificate_file

                3.25. charset

                3.26. check_mbox_size

                3.27. check_new

                3.28. collapse_unread

                3.29. compose_format

                3.30. config_charset

                3.31. confirmappend

                3.32. confirmcreate

                3.33. connect_timeout

                3.34. content_type

                3.35. copy

                3.36. crypt_autoencrypt

                3.37. crypt_autopgp

                3.38. crypt_autosign

                3.39. crypt_autosmime

                3.40. crypt_replyencrypt

                3.41. crypt_replysign

                3.42. crypt_replysignencrypted

                3.43. crypt_timestamp

                3.44. crypt_use_gpgme

                3.45. crypt_use_pka

                3.46. crypt_verify_sig

                3.47. date_format

                3.48. default_hook

                3.49. delete

                3.50. delete_untag

                3.51. digest_collapse

                3.52. display_filter

                3.53. dotlock_program

                3.54. dsn_notify

                3.55. dsn_return

                3.56. duplicate_threads

                3.57. edit_headers

                3.58. editor

                3.59. encode_from

                3.60. entropy_file

                3.61. envelope_from_address

                3.62. escape

                3.63. fast_reply

                3.64. fcc_attach

                3.65. fcc_clear

                3.66. folder

                3.67. folder_format

                3.68. followup_to

                3.69. force_name

                3.70. forward_decode

                3.71. forward_decrypt

                3.72. forward_edit

                3.73. forward_format

                3.74. forward_quote

                3.75. from

                3.76. gecos_mask

                3.77. hdrs

                3.78. header

                3.79. header_cache

                3.80. header_cache_compress

                3.81. header_cache_pagesize

                3.82. help

                3.83. hidden_host

                3.84. hide_limited

                3.85. hide_missing

                3.86. hide_thread_subject

                3.87. hide_top_limited

                3.88. hide_top_missing

                3.89. history

                3.90. history_file

                3.91. honor_disposition

                3.92. honor_followup_to

                3.93. hostname

                3.94. ignore_linear_white_space

                3.95. ignore_list_reply_to

                3.96. imap_authenticators

                3.97. imap_check_subscribed

                3.98. imap_delim_chars

                3.99. imap_headers

                3.100. imap_idle

                3.101. imap_keepalive

                3.102. imap_list_subscribed

                3.103. imap_login

                3.104. imap_pass

                3.105. imap_passive

                3.106. imap_peek

                3.107. imap_pipeline_depth

                3.108. imap_servernoise

                3.109. imap_user

                3.110. implicit_autoview

                3.111. include

                3.112. include_onlyfirst

                3.113. indent_string

                3.114. index_format

                3.115. ispell

                3.116. keep_flagged

                3.117. locale

                3.118. mail_check

                3.119. mail_check_recent

                3.120. mailcap_path

                3.121. mailcap_sanitize

                3.122. maildir_header_cache_verify

                3.123. maildir_trash

                3.124. mark_old

                3.125. markers

                3.126. mask

                3.127. mbox

                3.128. mbox_type

                3.129. menu_context

                3.130. menu_move_off

                3.131. menu_scroll

                3.132. message_cache_clean

                3.133. message_cachedir

                3.134. message_format

                3.135. meta_key

                3.136. metoo

                3.137. mh_purge

                3.138. mh_seq_flagged

                3.139. mh_seq_replied

                3.140. mh_seq_unseen

                3.141. mime_forward

                3.142. mime_forward_decode

                3.143. mime_forward_rest

                3.144. mix_entry_format

                3.145. mixmaster

                3.146. move

                3.147. narrow_tree

                3.148. net_inc

                3.149. pager

                3.150. pager_context

                3.151. pager_format

                3.152. pager_index_lines

                3.153. pager_stop

                3.154. pgp_auto_decode

                3.155. pgp_autoinline

                3.156. pgp_check_exit

                3.157. pgp_clearsign_command

                3.158. pgp_decode_command

                3.159. pgp_decrypt_command

                3.160. pgp_encrypt_only_command

                3.161. pgp_encrypt_sign_command

                3.162. pgp_entry_format

                3.163. pgp_export_command

                3.164. pgp_getkeys_command

                3.165. pgp_good_sign

                3.166. pgp_ignore_subkeys

                3.167. pgp_import_command

                3.168. pgp_list_pubring_command

                3.169. pgp_list_secring_command

                3.170. pgp_long_ids

                3.171. pgp_mime_auto

                3.172. pgp_replyinline

                3.173. pgp_retainable_sigs

                3.174. pgp_show_unusable

                3.175. pgp_sign_as

                3.176. pgp_sign_command

                3.177. pgp_sort_keys

                3.178. pgp_strict_enc

                3.179. pgp_timeout

                3.180. pgp_use_gpg_agent

                3.181. pgp_verify_command

                3.182. pgp_verify_key_command

                3.183. pipe_decode

                3.184. pipe_sep

                3.185. pipe_split

                3.186. pop_auth_try_all

                3.187. pop_authenticators

                3.188. pop_checkinterval

                3.189. pop_delete

                3.190. pop_host

                3.191. pop_last

                3.192. pop_pass

                3.193. pop_reconnect

                3.194. pop_user

                3.195. post_indent_string

                3.196. postpone

                3.197. postponed

                3.198. preconnect

                3.199. print

                3.200. print_command

                3.201. print_decode

                3.202. print_split

                3.203. prompt_after

                3.204. query_command

                3.205. query_format

                3.206. quit

                3.207. quote_regexp

                3.208. read_inc

                3.209. read_only

                3.210. realname

                3.211. recall

                3.212. record

                3.213. reply_regexp

                3.214. reply_self

                3.215. reply_to

                3.216. resolve

                3.217. reverse_alias

                3.218. reverse_name

                3.219. reverse_realname

                3.220. rfc2047_parameters

                3.221. save_address

                3.222. save_empty

                3.223. save_history

                3.224. save_name

                3.225. score

                3.226. score_threshold_delete

                3.227. score_threshold_flag

                3.228. score_threshold_read

                3.229. search_context

                3.230. send_charset

                3.231. sendmail

                3.232. sendmail_wait

                3.233. shell

                3.234. sig_dashes

                3.235. sig_on_top

                3.236. signature

                3.237. simple_search

                3.238. sleep_time

                3.239. smart_wrap

                3.240. smileys

                3.241. smime_ask_cert_label

                3.242. smime_ca_location

                3.243. smime_certificates

                3.244. smime_decrypt_command

                3.245. smime_decrypt_use_default_key

                3.246. smime_default_key

                3.247. smime_encrypt_command

                3.248. smime_encrypt_with

                3.249. smime_get_cert_command

                3.250. smime_get_cert_email_command

                3.251. smime_get_signer_cert_command

                3.252. smime_import_cert_command

                3.253. smime_is_default

                3.254. smime_keys

                3.255. smime_pk7out_command

                3.256. smime_sign_command

                3.257. smime_sign_opaque_command

                3.258. smime_timeout

                3.259. smime_verify_command

                3.260. smime_verify_opaque_command

                3.261. smtp_authenticators

                3.262. smtp_pass

                3.263. smtp_url

                3.264. sort

                3.265. sort_alias

                3.266. sort_aux

                3.267. sort_browser

                3.268. sort_re

                3.269. spam_separator

                3.270. spoolfile

                3.271. ssl_ca_certificates_file

                3.272. ssl_client_cert

                3.273. ssl_force_tls

                3.274. ssl_min_dh_prime_bits

                3.275. ssl_starttls

                3.276. ssl_use_sslv2

                3.277. ssl_use_sslv3

                3.278. ssl_use_tlsv1

                3.279. ssl_usesystemcerts

                3.280. ssl_verify_dates

                3.281. ssl_verify_host

                3.282. status_chars

                3.283. status_format

                3.284. status_on_top

                3.285. strict_threads

                3.286. suspend

                3.287. text_flowed

                3.288. thorough_search

                3.289. thread_received

                3.290. tilde

                3.291. time_inc

                3.292. timeout

                3.293. tmpdir

                3.294. to_chars

                3.295. tunnel

                3.296. uncollapse_jump

                3.297. use_8bitmime

                3.298. use_domain

                3.299. use_envelope_from

                3.300. use_from

                3.301. use_idn

                3.302. use_ipv6

                3.303. user_agent

                3.304. visual

                3.305. wait_key

                3.306. weed

                3.307. wrap

                3.308. wrap_headers

                3.309. wrap_search

                3.310. wrapmargin

                3.311. write_bcc

                3.312. write_inc

   4. Functions

                4.1. Generic Menu

                4.2. Index Menu

                4.3. Pager Menu

                4.4. Alias Menu

                4.5. Query Menu

                4.6. Attachment Menu

                4.7. Compose Menu

                4.8. Postpone Menu

                4.9. Browser Menu

                4.10. Pgp Menu

                4.11. Smime Menu

                4.12. Mixmaster Menu

                4.13. Editor Menu

1. Command-Line Options

   Running mutt with no arguments will  make Mutt attempt to read your  spool
   mailbox. However,  it is  possible to  read other  mailboxes and  to  send
   messages from the command line as well.

   Table 9.1. Command line options

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | Option |                          Description                          |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -A     | expand an alias                                               |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -a     | attach a file to a message                                    |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -b     | specify a blind carbon-copy (BCC) address                     |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -c     | specify a carbon-copy (Cc) address                            |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -D     | print the value of all Mutt variables to stdout               |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -e     | specify a config command to be run after initialization files |
   |        | are read                                                      |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -f     | specify a mailbox to load                                     |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -F     | specify an alternate file to read initialization commands     |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -h     | print help on command line options                            |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -H     | specify a draft file from which to read a header and body     |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -i     | specify a file to include in a message composition            |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -m     | specify a default mailbox type                                |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -n     | do not read the system Muttrc                                 |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -p     | recall a postponed message                                    |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -Q     | query a configuration variable                                |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -R     | open mailbox in read-only mode                                |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -s     | specify a subject (enclose in quotes if it contains spaces)   |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -v     | show version number and compile-time definitions              |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -x     | simulate the mailx(1) compose mode                            |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -y     | show a menu containing the files specified by the mailboxes   |
   |        | command                                                       |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -z     | exit immediately if there are no messages in the mailbox      |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | -Z     | open the first folder with new message, exit immediately if   |
   |        | none                                                          |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   To read messages in a mailbox

   mutt [-nz] [-F muttrc ] [-m type ] [-f mailbox ]

   To compose a new message

   mutt [-n] [-F muttrc  ] [-c address ]  [-i filename ] [-s  subject ] [  -a
   file [...] -- ] address | mailto_url ...

   Mutt also  supports  a "batch"  mode  to send  prepared  messages.  Simply
   redirect input from the file you wish to send. For example,

 mutt -s "data set for run #2" professor@bigschool.edu < ~/run2.dat

   will send a message to  <professor@bigschool.edu> with a subject of  "data
   set for run #2". In  the body of the message  will be the contents of  the
   file "~/run2.dat".

   All files passed  with -a  file will  be attached as  a MIME  part to  the
   message. To attach a single or  several files, use "--" to separate  files
   and recipient addresses:

 mutt -a image.png -- some@one.org

   or

 mutt -a *.png -- some@one.org

  Note

   The -a option must be last in the option list.

   In addition to accepting  a list of email  addresses, Mutt also accepts  a
   URL with the mailto: schema as  specified in RFC2368. This is useful  when
   configuring a web browser to launch Mutt when clicking on mailto links.

 mutt mailto:some@one.org?subject=test&cc=other@one.org

2. Configuration Commands

   The following are the commands understood by Mutt:

     o account-hook pattern command

     o alias [ -group name ...] key address [ address ...]
       unalias [ -group name ...] { * | key ... }

     o alternates [ -group name ...] regexp [ regexp ...]
       unalternates [ -group name ...] { * | regexp ... }

     o alternative-order mimetype [ mimetype ...]
       unalternative-order { * | mimetype ... }

     o attachments { + | - }disposition mime-type
       unattachments { + | - }disposition mime-type

     o auto_view mimetype [ mimetype ...]
       unauto_view { * | mimetype ... }

     o bind map key function

     o charset-hook alias charset

     o iconv-hook charset local-charset

     o color object foreground background
       color { header | body } foreground background regexp
       color index foreground background pattern
       uncolor { index | header | body } { * | pattern ... }

     o crypt-hook pattern keyid

     o exec function [ function ...]

     o fcc-hook [!]pattern mailbox

     o fcc-save-hook [!]pattern mailbox

     o folder-hook [!]regexp command

     o group [ -group name ...] { -rx expr ... | -addr expr ... }
       ungroup [ -group name ...] { * | -rx expr ... | -addr expr ... }

     o hdr_order header [ header ...]
       unhdr_order { * | header ... }

     o ignore pattern [ pattern ...]
       unignore { * | pattern ... }

     o lists [ -group name ] regexp [ regexp ...]
       unlists [ -group name ...] { * | regexp ... }

     o macro menu key sequence [ description ]

     o mailboxes mailbox [ mailbox ...]
       unmailboxes { * | mailbox ... }

     o mbox-hook [!]pattern mailbox

     o message-hook [!]pattern command

     o mime-lookup mimetype [ mimetype ...]
       unmime-lookup { * | mimetype ... }

     o mono object attribute
       mono { header | body } attribute regexp
       mono index attribute pattern
       unmono { index | header | body } { * | pattern ... }

     o my_hdr string
       unmy_hdr { * | field ... }

     o push string

     o save-hook [!]pattern mailbox

     o score pattern value
       unscore { * | pattern ... }

     o reply-hook [!]pattern command

     o send-hook [!]pattern command

     o send2-hook [!]pattern command

     o set { [ no | inv ] variable | variable=value } [...]
       toggle variable [ variable ...]
       unset variable [ variable ...]
       reset variable [ variable ...]

     o source filename

     o spam pattern format
       nospam { * | pattern }

     o subscribe [ -group name ...] regexp [ regexp ...]
       unsubscribe [ -group name ...] { * | regexp ... }

     o unhook { * | hook-type }

3. Configuration Variables

  3.1. abort_nosubject

   Type: quadoption
   Default: ask-yes

   If set to  yes, when composing  messages and  no subject is  given at  the
   subject prompt,  composition will  be  aborted. If  set to  no,  composing
   messages with  no  subject given  at  the  subject prompt  will  never  be
   aborted.

  3.2. abort_unmodified

   Type: quadoption
   Default: yes

   If set  to yes,  composition will  automatically abort  after editing  the
   message body if no changes are made  to the file (this check only  happens
   after the first edit of the file). When set to no, composition will  never
   be aborted.

  3.3. alias_file

   Type: path
   Default: "~/.muttrc"

   The default file in  which to save aliases  created by the  <create-alias>
   function. Entries added  to this  file are  encoded in  the character  set
   specified by $config_charset  if it is  set or the  current character  set
   otherwise.

   Note: Mutt will not  automatically source this  file; you must  explicitly
   use the "source" command for it to be executed in case this option  points
   to a dedicated alias file.

   The default  for  this  option  is the  currently  used  muttrc  file,  or
   "~/.muttrc" if no user muttrc was found.

  3.4. alias_format

   Type: string
   Default: "%4n %2f %t %-10a   %r"

   Specifies the  format of  the data  displayed for  the "alias"  menu.  The
   following printf(3)-style sequences are available:

   +---------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | %a | alias name                                                     |
   |----+----------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %f | flags - currently, a "d" for an alias marked for deletion      |
   |----+----------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %n | index number                                                   |
   |----+----------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %r | address which alias expands to                                 |
   |----+----------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %t | character which indicates if the alias is tagged for inclusion |
   +---------------------------------------------------------------------+

  3.5. allow_8bit

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Controls whether 8-bit  data is  converted to 7-bit  using either  Quoted-
   Printable or Base64 encoding when sending mail.

  3.6. allow_ansi

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Controls whether ANSI color codes in messages (and color tags in rich text
   messages) are to be interpreted. Messages containing these codes are rare,
   but if this option  is set, their text  will be colored accordingly.  Note
   that this may  override your color  choices, and even  present a  security
   problem, since a message could include a line like

 [-- PGP output follows ...

   and  give  it  the  same  color   as  your  attachment  color  (see   also
   $crypt_timestamp).

  3.7. arrow_cursor

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, an arrow ("->")  will be used to  indicate the current entry  in
   menus instead of  highlighting the whole  line. On slow  network or  modem
   links this will make response faster because there is less that has to  be
   redrawn on the screen when moving to  the next or previous entries in  the
   menu.

  3.8. ascii_chars

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, Mutt will  use plain ASCII characters  when displaying thread  and
   attachment trees, instead of the default ACS characters.

  3.9. askbcc

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, Mutt will prompt you for blind-carbon-copy (Bcc) recipients before
   editing an outgoing message.

  3.10. askcc

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set,  Mutt  will prompt  you  for carbon-copy  (Cc)  recipients  before
   editing the body of an outgoing message.

  3.11. assumed_charset

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This variable is a colon-separated list of character encoding schemes  for
   messages without character  encoding indication. Header  field values  and
   message body  content  without  character  encoding  indication  would  be
   assumed that they are  written in one  of this list.  By default, all  the
   header fields and message body without any charset indication are  assumed
   to be in "us-ascii".

   For example, Japanese users might prefer this:

 set assumed_charset="iso-2022-jp:euc-jp:shift_jis:utf-8"

   However, only the first content is valid for the message body.

  3.12. attach_charset

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This variable is a colon-separated list of character encoding schemes  for
   text file  attachments. Mutt  uses this  setting to  guess which  encoding
   files being attached are encoded in to convert them to a proper  character
   set given in $send_charset.

   If unset, the  value of $charset  will be used  instead. For example,  the
   following configuration would work for Japanese text handling:

 set attach_charset="iso-2022-jp:euc-jp:shift_jis:utf-8"

   Note: for Japanese  users, "iso-2022-*"  must be put  at the  head of  the
   value as shown above if included.

  3.13. attach_format

   Type: string
   Default: "%u%D%I %t%4n %T%.40d%> [%.7m/%.10M, %.6e%?C?, %C?, %s] "

   This variable describes the format of the "attachment" menu. The following
   printf(3)-style sequences are understood:

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | %C  | charset                                                          |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %c  | requires charset conversion ("n" or "c")                         |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %D  | deleted flag                                                     |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %d  | description                                                      |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %e  | MIME content-transfer-encoding                                   |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %f  | filename                                                         |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %I  | disposition ("I" for inline, "A" for attachment)                 |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %m  | major MIME type                                                  |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %M  | MIME subtype                                                     |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %n  | attachment number                                                |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %Q  | "Q", if MIME part qualifies for attachment counting              |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %s  | size                                                             |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %t  | tagged flag                                                      |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %T  | graphic tree characters                                          |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %u  | unlink (=to delete) flag                                         |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   |     | number of qualifying MIME parts in this part and its children    |
   | %X  | (please see the "attachments" section for possible speed         |
   |     | effects)                                                         |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %>X | right justify the rest of the string and pad with character "X"  |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %|X | pad to the end of the line with character "X"                    |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %*X | soft-fill with character "X" as pad                              |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   For an explanation of "soft-fill", see the $index_format documentation.

  3.14. attach_sep

   Type: string
   Default: "\n"

   The separator to add between attachments when operating (saving, printing,
   piping, etc) on a list of tagged attachments.

  3.15. attach_split

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If this variable is unset, when operating (saving, printing, piping,  etc)
   on a list of tagged attachments, Mutt will concatenate the attachments and
   will operate on them as a single attachment. The $attach_sep separator  is
   added  after  each  attachment.  When  set,  Mutt  will  operate  on   the
   attachments one by one.

  3.16. attribution

   Type: string
   Default: "On %d, %n wrote:"

   This is the string that will precede a message which has been included  in
   a reply. For a  full listing of defined  printf(3)-like sequences see  the
   section on $index_format.

  3.17. auto_tag

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set,  functions in  the index  menu which  affect a  message will  be
   applied to all tagged  messages (if there are  any). When unset, you  must
   first use the <tag-prefix> function (bound to ";" by default) to make  the
   next function apply to all tagged messages.

  3.18. autoedit

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set along with  $edit_headers, Mutt will  skip the initial  send-menu
   (prompting for subject and recipients) and allow you to immediately  begin
   editing the body of your message. The send-menu may still be accessed once
   you have finished editing the body of your message.

   Note: when this option  is set, you cannot  use send-hooks that depend  on
   the recipients when composing  a new (non-reply)  message, as the  initial
   list of recipients is empty.

   Also see $fast_reply.

  3.19. beep

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When this variable is set, mutt will beep when an error occurs.

  3.20. beep_new

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When this variable  is set, mutt  will beep whenever  it prints a  message
   notifying you of new mail. This is independent of the setting of the $beep
   variable.

  3.21. bounce

   Type: quadoption
   Default: ask-yes

   Controls whether you will be asked to confirm bouncing messages. If set to
   yes you don't  get asked if  you want  to bounce a  message. Setting  this
   variable to no is not generally useful, and thus not recommended,  because
   you are unable to bounce messages.

  3.22. bounce_delivered

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When this variable  is set,  mutt will include  Delivered-To headers  when
   bouncing messages. Postfix users may wish to unset this variable.

  3.23. braille_friendly

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When this variable is set, mutt will place the cursor at the beginning  of
   the current line in menus, even when the $arrow_cursor variable is  unset,
   making it easier for blind persons using Braille displays to follow  these
   menus. The option is unset by default because many visual terminals  don't
   permit making the cursor invisible.

  3.24. certificate_file

   Type: path
   Default: "~/.mutt_certificates"

   This variable  specifies the  file where  the certificates  you trust  are
   saved. When an unknown  certificate is encountered, you  are asked if  you
   accept it or not. If you accept  it, the certificate can also be saved  in
   this file and further connections are automatically accepted.

   You can  also  manually add  CA  certificates  in this  file.  Any  server
   certificate that  is signed  with one  of these  CA certificates  is  also
   automatically accepted.

   Example:

 set certificate_file=~/.mutt/certificates

  3.25. charset

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   Character set your terminal uses to display and enter textual data. It  is
   also the fallback for $send_charset.

   Upon startup Mutt tries  to derive this  value from environment  variables
   such as $LC_CTYPE or $LANG.

   Note: It should  only be  set in  case Mutt  isn't able  to determine  the
   character set used correctly.

  3.26. check_mbox_size

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When this variable is  set, mutt will use  file size attribute instead  of
   access time when checking for new mail in mbox and mmdf folders.

   This variable is unset by default and should only be enabled when new mail
   detection for these folder types is unreliable or doesn't work.

   Note that  enabling this  variable should  happen before  any  "mailboxes"
   directives occur in  configuration files  regarding mbox  or mmdf  folders
   because mutt needs  to determine  the initial new  mail status  of such  a
   mailbox by performing a fast mailbox  scan when it is defined.  Afterwards
   the new mail status is tracked by file size changes.

  3.27. check_new

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Note: this option only affects maildir and MH style mailboxes.

   When set, Mutt  will check  for new mail  delivered while  the mailbox  is
   open. Especially with  MH mailboxes,  this operation can  take quite  some
   time since it involves  scanning the directory and  checking each file  to
   see if it has already been looked at. If this variable is unset, no  check
   for new mail is performed while the mailbox is open.

  3.28. collapse_unread

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When unset, Mutt  will not  collapse a thread  if it  contains any  unread
   messages.

  3.29. compose_format

   Type: string
   Default: "-- Mutt: Compose  [Approx. msg size: %l   Atts: %a]%>-"

   Controls the format of  the status line displayed  in the "compose"  menu.
   This string  is  similar  to  $status_format,  but  has  its  own  set  of
   printf(3)-like sequences:

   +---------------------------------------------------------+
   | %a | total number of attachments                        |
   |----+----------------------------------------------------|
   | %h | local hostname                                     |
   |----+----------------------------------------------------|
   | %l | approximate size (in bytes) of the current message |
   |----+----------------------------------------------------|
   | %v | Mutt version string                                |
   +---------------------------------------------------------+

   See the text describing the $status_format option for more information  on
   how to set $compose_format.

  3.30. config_charset

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   When defined, Mutt will recode commands in rc files from this encoding  to
   the current character set as specified by $charset and aliases written  to
   $alias_file from the current character set.

   Please note  that if  setting  $charset it  must  be done  before  setting
   $config_charset.

   Recoding should be avoided  as it may  render unconvertable characters  as
   question marks which can  lead to undesired side  effects (for example  in
   regular expressions).

  3.31. confirmappend

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, Mutt will prompt for confirmation when appending messages to  an
   existing mailbox.

  3.32. confirmcreate

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, Mutt  will prompt  for confirmation  when saving  messages to  a
   mailbox which does not yet exist before creating it.

  3.33. connect_timeout

   Type: number
   Default: 30

   Causes Mutt to timeout a network connection (for IMAP, POP or SMTP)  after
   this many  seconds if  the connection  is not  able to  be established.  A
   negative value causes Mutt to wait indefinitely for the connection attempt
   to succeed.

  3.34. content_type

   Type: string
   Default: "text/plain"

   Sets the default Content-Type for the body of newly composed messages.

  3.35. copy

   Type: quadoption
   Default: yes

   This variable controls  whether or  not copies of  your outgoing  messages
   will  be  saved  for  later  references.  Also  see  $record,  $save_name,
   $force_name and "fcc-hook".

  3.36. crypt_autoencrypt

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Setting this variable  will cause Mutt  to always attempt  to PGP  encrypt
   outgoing messages.  This is  probably  only useful  in connection  to  the
   "send-hook" command. It  can be overridden  by use of  the pgp menu,  when
   encryption  is  not  required  or   signing  is  requested  as  well.   If
   $smime_is_default is set, then  OpenSSL is used  instead to create  S/MIME
   messages and settings can be overridden by use of the smime menu  instead.
   (Crypto only)

  3.37. crypt_autopgp

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   This variable controls whether  or not mutt  may automatically enable  PGP
   encryption/signing   for    messages.   See    also    $crypt_autoencrypt,
   $crypt_replyencrypt,      $crypt_autosign,      $crypt_replysign       and
   $smime_is_default.

  3.38. crypt_autosign

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Setting  this   variable   will   cause  Mutt   to   always   attempt   to
   cryptographically sign outgoing messages. This can be overridden by use of
   the pgp menu, when signing is  not required or encryption is requested  as
   well. If $smime_is_default is set, then OpenSSL is used instead to  create
   S/MIME messages and settings  can be overridden by  use of the smime  menu
   instead of the pgp menu. (Crypto only)

  3.39. crypt_autosmime

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   This variable controls whether or not mutt may automatically enable S/MIME
   encryption/signing   for    messages.   See    also    $crypt_autoencrypt,
   $crypt_replyencrypt,      $crypt_autosign,      $crypt_replysign       and
   $smime_is_default.

  3.40. crypt_replyencrypt

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If set, automatically PGP or OpenSSL encrypt replies to messages which are
   encrypted. (Crypto only)

  3.41. crypt_replysign

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, automatically PGP  or OpenSSL sign replies  to messages which  are
   signed.

   Note: this  does not  work  on messages  that  are encrypted  and  signed!
   (Crypto only)

  3.42. crypt_replysignencrypted

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, automatically PGP  or OpenSSL sign replies  to messages which  are
   encrypted. This  makes  sense  in  combination  with  $crypt_replyencrypt,
   because it  allows  you  to  sign all  messages  which  are  automatically
   encrypted. This works around the  problem noted in $crypt_replysign,  that
   mutt is not able to find out whether an encrypted message is also  signed.
   (Crypto only)

  3.43. crypt_timestamp

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If set, mutt will  include a time  stamp in the  lines surrounding PGP  or
   S/MIME output, so spoofing such lines is more difficult. If you are  using
   colors to mark these lines, and rely on these, you may unset this setting.
   (Crypto only)

  3.44. crypt_use_gpgme

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   This variable controls the use of the GPGME-enabled crypto backends. If it
   is set and Mutt was  built with gpgme support,  the gpgme code for  S/MIME
   and PGP will be used  instead of the classic code.  Note that you need  to
   set  this  option  in  .muttrc;  it  won't  have  any  effect  when   used
   interactively.

  3.45. crypt_use_pka

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Controls        whether         mutt         uses         PKA         (see
   http://www.g10code.de/docs/pka-intro.de.pdf) during signature verification
   (only supported by the GPGME backend).

  3.46. crypt_verify_sig

   Type: quadoption
   Default: yes

   If "yes", always attempt to verify  PGP or S/MIME signatures. If  "ask-*",
   ask whether or  not to  verify the signature.  If "no",  never attempt  to
   verify cryptographic signatures. (Crypto only)

  3.47. date_format

   Type: string
   Default: "!%a, %b %d, %Y at %I:%M:%S%p %Z"

   This variable controls the format of the date printed by the "%d" sequence
   in $index_format. This is  passed to the  strftime(3) function to  process
   the date, see the man page for the proper syntax.

   Unless the first character in  the string is a  bang ("!"), the month  and
   week day  names are  expanded according  to the  locale specified  in  the
   variable $locale. If the first character in the string is a bang, the bang
   is discarded, and the month and week  day names in the rest of the  string
   are expanded in the C locale (that is in US English).

  3.48. default_hook

   Type: string
   Default: "~f %s !~P | (~P ~C %s)"

   This variable  controls  how  "message-hook",  "reply-hook",  "send-hook",
   "send2-hook", "save-hook", and "fcc-hook" will be interpreted if they  are
   specified with only a  simple regexp, instead of  a matching pattern.  The
   hooks are expanded when they are  declared, so a hook will be  interpreted
   according to the value of this variable at the time the hook is declared.

   The default value matches  if the message is  either from a user  matching
   the regular expression given, or  if it is from  you (if the from  address
   matches "alternates") and  is to  or cc'ed to  a user  matching the  given
   regular expression.

  3.49. delete

   Type: quadoption
   Default: ask-yes

   Controls whether  or  not messages  are  really deleted  when  closing  or
   synchronizing a mailbox. If set to yes, messages marked for deleting  will
   automatically be purged without prompting.  If set to no, messages  marked
   for deletion will be kept in the mailbox.

  3.50. delete_untag

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If this option  is set,  mutt will untag  messages when  marking them  for
   deletion. This applies  when you  either explicitly delete  a message,  or
   when you save it to another folder.

  3.51. digest_collapse

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If this option is set, mutt's received-attachments menu will not show  the
   subparts of  individual  messages  in a  multipart/digest.  To  see  these
   subparts, press "v" on that menu.

  3.52. display_filter

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   When set, specifies a command used  to filter messages. When a message  is
   viewed it is passed as standard input to $display_filter, and the filtered
   message is read from the standard output.

  3.53. dotlock_program

   Type: path
   Default: "/usr/bin/mutt_dotlock"

   Contains the path of the mutt_dotlock(8) binary to be used by mutt.

  3.54. dsn_notify

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This variable  sets the  request for  when notification  is returned.  The
   string consists of a comma separated list  (no spaces!) of one or more  of
   the following: never, to never  request notification, failure, to  request
   notification on transmission  failure, delay,  to be  notified of  message
   delays, success, to be notified of successful transmission.

   Example:

 set dsn_notify="failure,delay"

   Note: when using $sendmail for delivery, you should not enable this unless
   you are  either using  Sendmail 8.8.x  or  greater or  a MTA  providing  a
   sendmail(1)-compatible interface  supporting the  -N option  for DSN.  For
   SMTP delivery, DSN  support is  auto-detected so  that it  depends on  the
   server whether DSN will be used or not.

  3.55. dsn_return

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This variable  controls  how much  of  your  message is  returned  in  DSN
   messages. It may be set to either hdrs to return just the message  header,
   or full to return the full message.

   Example:

 set dsn_return=hdrs

   Note: when using $sendmail for delivery, you should not enable this unless
   you are  either using  Sendmail 8.8.x  or  greater or  a MTA  providing  a
   sendmail(1)-compatible interface  supporting the  -R option  for DSN.  For
   SMTP delivery, DSN  support is  auto-detected so  that it  depends on  the
   server whether DSN will be used or not.

  3.56. duplicate_threads

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   This variable controls whether mutt, when $sort is set to threads, threads
   messages with the same Message-Id together. If it is set, it will indicate
   that it thinks they are  duplicates of each other  with an equals sign  in
   the thread tree.

  3.57. edit_headers

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   This option allows you to edit the header of your outgoing messages  along
   with the body of your message.

   Note that changes made  to the References: and  Date: headers are  ignored
   for interoperability reasons.

  3.58. editor

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   This variable specifies which editor is  used by mutt. It defaults to  the
   value of the $VISUAL, or $EDITOR,  environment variable, or to the  string
   "vi" if neither of those are set.

  3.59. encode_from

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, mutt will quoted-printable encode messages when they contain the
   string "From " (note the trailing space) in the beginning of a line.  This
   is useful  to avoid  the  tampering certain  mail delivery  and  transport
   agents  tend  to  do  with  messages  (in  order  to  prevent  tools  from
   misinterpreting the line as a mbox message separator).

  3.60. entropy_file

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   The file which includes random data that is used to initialize SSL library
   functions.

  3.61. envelope_from_address

   Type: e-mail address
   Default: (empty)

   Manually sets the  envelope sender  for outgoing messages.  This value  is
   ignored if $use_envelope_from is unset.

  3.62. escape

   Type: string
   Default: "~"

   Escape character to use for functions in the built-in editor.

  3.63. fast_reply

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, the initial prompt for  recipients and subject are skipped  when
   replying to messages, and the initial  prompt for subject is skipped  when
   forwarding messages.

   Note: this variable has no effect when the $autoedit variable is set.

  3.64. fcc_attach

   Type: quadoption
   Default: yes

   This variable controls whether or not attachments on outgoing messages are
   saved along with the main body of your message.

  3.65. fcc_clear

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When this variable is set, FCCs  will be stored unencrypted and  unsigned,
   even when the actual message is encrypted and/or signed. (PGP only)

  3.66. folder

   Type: path
   Default: "~/Mail"

   Specifies the default  location of  your mailboxes. A  "+" or  "=" at  the
   beginning of a pathname  will be expanded to  the value of this  variable.
   Note that if you change this variable (from the default) value you need to
   make sure that the  assignment occurs before  you use "+"  or "=" for  any
   other variables since expansion takes place when handling the  "mailboxes"
   command.

  3.67. folder_format

   Type: string
   Default: "%2C %t %N %F %2l %-8.8u %-8.8g %8s %d %f"

   This variable allows  you to customize  the file browser  display to  your
   personal taste. This string is similar  to $index_format, but has its  own
   set of printf(3)-like sequences:

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | %C  | current file number                                              |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %d  | date/time folder was last modified                               |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %D  | date/time folder was last modified using $date_format.           |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %f  | filename ("/" is appended to directory names, "@" to symbolic    |
   |     | links and "*" to executable files)                               |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %F  | file permissions                                                 |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %g  | group name (or numeric gid, if missing)                          |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %l  | number of hard links                                             |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %N  | N if folder has new mail, blank otherwise                        |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %s  | size in bytes                                                    |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %t  | "*" if the file is tagged, blank otherwise                       |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %u  | owner name (or numeric uid, if missing)                          |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %>X | right justify the rest of the string and pad with character "X"  |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %|X | pad to the end of the line with character "X"                    |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %*X | soft-fill with character "X" as pad                              |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   For an explanation of "soft-fill", see the $index_format documentation.

  3.68. followup_to

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Controls whether or not the "Mail-Followup-To:" header field is  generated
   when sending mail. When  set, Mutt will generate  this field when you  are
   replying to  a  known mailing  list,  specified with  the  "subscribe"  or
   "lists" commands.

   This  field  has  two  purposes.  First,  preventing  you  from  receiving
   duplicate copies of replies to messages  which you send to mailing  lists,
   and second, ensuring that you do  get a reply separately for any  messages
   sent to known lists to which you are not subscribed.

   The header will contain only the list's address for subscribed lists,  and
   both the list address and your  own email address for unsubscribed  lists.
   Without this header, a  group reply to your  message sent to a  subscribed
   list will be  sent to both  the list  and your address,  resulting in  two
   copies of the same email for you.

  3.69. force_name

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   This variable is similar to $save_name, except that Mutt will store a copy
   of your outgoing message by the username of the address you are sending to
   even if that mailbox does not exist.

   Also see the $record variable.

  3.70. forward_decode

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Controls the  decoding  of  complex MIME  messages  into  text/plain  when
   forwarding a message.  The message  header is also  RFC2047 decoded.  This
   variable  is   only   used,   if   $mime_forward   is   unset,   otherwise
   $mime_forward_decode is used instead.

  3.71. forward_decrypt

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Controls the handling  of encrypted  messages when  forwarding a  message.
   When set, the outer layer of encryption is stripped off. This variable  is
   only used if $mime_forward is set and $mime_forward_decode is unset.  (PGP
   only)

  3.72. forward_edit

   Type: quadoption
   Default: yes

   This quadoption controls whether or  not the user is automatically  placed
   in the  editor when  forwarding messages.  For those  who always  want  to
   forward with no modification, use a setting of "no".

  3.73. forward_format

   Type: string
   Default: "[%a: %s]"

   This variable controls the default  subject when forwarding a message.  It
   uses the same format sequences as the $index_format variable.

  3.74. forward_quote

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, forwarded  messages included  in the  main body  of the  message
   (when $mime_forward is unset) will be quoted using $indent_string.

  3.75. from

   Type: e-mail address
   Default: (empty)

   When set,  this  variable contains  a  default  from address.  It  can  be
   overridden   using   "my_hdr"   (including   from   a   "send-hook")   and
   $reverse_name. This variable is ignored if $use_from is unset.

   This setting defaults to the contents of the environment variable $EMAIL.

  3.76. gecos_mask

   Type: regular expression
   Default: "^[^,]*"

   A regular expression used by mutt to  parse the GECOS field of a  password
   entry when expanding the alias. The  default value will return the  string
   up to the first "," encountered. If the GECOS field contains a string like
   "lastname, firstname" then you should set it to ".*".

   This can  be useful  if you  see the  following behavior:  you address  an
   e-mail to user ID  "stevef" whose full name  is "Steve Franklin". If  mutt
   expands "stevef" to  ""Franklin" stevef@foo.bar" then  you should set  the
   $gecos_mask to a regular expression that will match the whole name so mutt
   will expand "Franklin" to "Franklin, Steve".

  3.77. hdrs

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When unset, the header fields normally  added by the "my_hdr" command  are
   not created. This variable must be unset before composing a new message or
   replying in order to take effect.  If set, the user defined header  fields
   are added to every new message.

  3.78. header

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, this variable causes Mutt  to include the header of the  message
   you are replying to into the edit buffer. The $weed setting applies.

  3.79. header_cache

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   This variable  points to  the  header cache  database.  If pointing  to  a
   directory Mutt will contain  a header cache database  file per folder,  if
   pointing to a  file that file  will be  a single global  header cache.  By
   default it is unset so no header caching will be used.

   Header caching can  greatly improve  speed when  opening POP,  IMAP MH  or
   Maildir folders, see "caching" for details.

  3.80. header_cache_compress

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When mutt is compiled with qdbm  or tokyocabinet as header cache  backend,
   this  option  determines   whether  the  database   will  be   compressed.
   Compression results in database files roughly being one fifth of the usual
   diskspace, but the decompression can result in a slower opening of  cached
   folder(s) which in general  is still much faster  than opening non  header
   cached folders.

  3.81. header_cache_pagesize

   Type: string
   Default: "16384"

   When mutt  is  compiled with  either  gdbm or  bdb4  as the  header  cache
   backend, this option  changes the  database page  size. Too  large or  too
   small values can waste space, memory,  or CPU time. The default should  be
   more or less optimal for most use cases.

  3.82. help

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set,  help lines  describing  the bindings  for the  major  functions
   provided by each menu are displayed on the first line of the screen.

   Note: The binding will not be displayed correctly if the function is bound
   to a sequence rather than a single keystroke. Also, the help line may  not
   be updated  if a  binding is  changed while  Mutt is  running. Since  this
   variable is primarily aimed at new users, neither of these should  present
   a major problem.

  3.83. hidden_host

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, mutt  will skip the  host name part  of $hostname variable  when
   adding the domain  part to addresses.  This variable does  not affect  the
   generation of  Message-IDs,  and  it  will not  lead  to  the  cut-off  of
   first-level domains.

  3.84. hide_limited

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, mutt will not show the  presence of messages that are hidden  by
   limiting, in the thread tree.

  3.85. hide_missing

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set,  mutt will  not show  the presence  of missing  messages in  the
   thread tree.

  3.86. hide_thread_subject

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, mutt will not  show the subject of  messages in the thread  tree
   that have the same subject as their parent or closest previously displayed
   sibling.

  3.87. hide_top_limited

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, mutt will not show the  presence of messages that are hidden  by
   limiting, at  the  top of  threads  in the  thread  tree. Note  that  when
   $hide_limited is set, this option will have no effect.

  3.88. hide_top_missing

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, mutt will not show the  presence of missing messages at the  top
   of threads in the thread tree.  Note that when $hide_missing is set,  this
   option will have no effect.

  3.89. history

   Type: number
   Default: 10

   This variable controls the size (in  number of strings remembered) of  the
   string history buffer per  category. The buffer is  cleared each time  the
   variable is set.

  3.90. history_file

   Type: path
   Default: "~/.mutthistory"

   The file in which Mutt will save its history.

  3.91. honor_disposition

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set,  Mutt  will  not  display  attachments  with  a  disposition  of
   "attachment" inline even if it could render the part to plain text.  These
   MIME parts can only be viewed from the attachment menu.

   If unset, Mutt  will render all  MIME parts it  can properly transform  to
   plain text.

  3.92. honor_followup_to

   Type: quadoption
   Default: yes

   This variable controls whether or not a Mail-Followup-To header is honored
   when group-replying to a message.

  3.93. hostname

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   Specifies the fully-qualified hostname  of the system  mutt is running  on
   containing the host's name and the DNS domain it belongs to. It is used as
   the domain  part  (after  "@")  for  local  email  addresses  as  well  as
   Message-Id headers.

   Its value  is determined  at startup  as follows:  If the  node's name  as
   returned by the uname(3)  function contains the  hostname and the  domain,
   these are  used  to  construct  $hostname. If  there  is  no  domain  part
   returned,  Mutt   will  look   for  a   "domain"  or   "search"  line   in
   /etc/resolv.conf to determine the domain. Optionally, Mutt can be compiled
   with a fixed domain name in which case a detected one is not used.

   Also see $use_domain and $hidden_host.

  3.94. ignore_linear_white_space

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   This option replaces linear-white-space between encoded-word and text to a
   single space to prevent the display of MIME-encoded "Subject:" field  from
   being divided into multiple lines.

  3.95. ignore_list_reply_to

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Affects the behavior  of the  <reply> function when  replying to  messages
   from mailing lists (as  defined by the  "subscribe" or "lists"  commands).
   When set, if the "Reply-To:" field is  set to the same value as the  "To:"
   field, Mutt assumes that the "Reply-To:" field was set by the mailing list
   to automate responses to the list, and will ignore this field. To direct a
   response to the mailing list when this option is set, use the <list-reply>
   function; <group-reply> will reply to both the sender and the list.

  3.96. imap_authenticators

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This is a colon-delimited list of authentication methods mutt may  attempt
   to use to log  in to an IMAP  server, in the order  mutt should try  them.
   Authentication methods are  either "login" or  the right side  of an  IMAP
   "AUTH=xxx" capability string, e.g.  "digest-md5", "gssapi" or  "cram-md5".
   This option is case-insensitive. If it's unset (the default) mutt will try
   all available methods, in order from most-secure to least-secure.

   Example:

 set imap_authenticators="gssapi:cram-md5:login"

   Note: Mutt will  only fall  back to  other authentication  methods if  the
   previous  methods  are   unavailable.  If  a   method  is  available   but
   authentication fails, mutt will not connect to the IMAP server.

  3.97. imap_check_subscribed

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, mutt will fetch the  set of subscribed folders from your  server
   on connection, and add them to the set of mailboxes it polls for new  mail
   just as if you had issued individual "mailboxes" commands.

  3.98. imap_delim_chars

   Type: string
   Default: "/."

   This contains the  list of  characters which you  would like  to treat  as
   folder separators for  displaying IMAP  paths. In particular  it helps  in
   using the "=" shortcut for your folder variable.

  3.99. imap_headers

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   Mutt requests  these header  fields  in addition  to the  default  headers
   ("Date:", "From:", "Subject:", "To:", "Cc:", "Message-Id:", "References:",
   "Content-Type:",  "Content-Description:",   "In-Reply-To:",   "Reply-To:",
   "Lines:", "List-Post:", "X-Label:")  from IMAP  servers before  displaying
   the index menu. You may want to add more headers for spam detection.

   Note: This is a  space separated list, items  should be uppercase and  not
   contain the colon, e.g.  "X-BOGOSITY X-SPAM-STATUS" for the  "X-Bogosity:"
   and "X-Spam-Status:" header fields.

  3.100. imap_idle

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, mutt will attempt  to use the IMAP  IDLE extension to check  for
   new mail in the current mailbox. Some servers (dovecot was the inspiration
   for this option) react badly to mutt's implementation. If your  connection
   seems to freeze up periodically, try unsetting this.

  3.101. imap_keepalive

   Type: number
   Default: 900

   This variable specifies the  maximum amount of time  in seconds that  mutt
   will wait before polling open IMAP connections, to prevent the server from
   closing them  before mutt  has finished  with them.  The default  is  well
   within the  RFC-specified minimum  amount of  time (30  minutes) before  a
   server is allowed to do  this, but in practice  the RFC does get  violated
   every now  and then.  Reduce  this number  if  you find  yourself  getting
   disconnected from your IMAP server due to inactivity.

  3.102. imap_list_subscribed

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   This variable configures whether IMAP  folder browsing will look for  only
   subscribed folders or all folders. This can be toggled in the IMAP browser
   with the <toggle-subscribed> function.

  3.103. imap_login

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   Your login name on the IMAP server.

   This variable defaults to the value of $imap_user.

  3.104. imap_pass

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   Specifies the password for your IMAP  account. If unset, Mutt will  prompt
   you for your password  when you invoke  the <imap-fetch-mail> function  or
   try to open an IMAP folder.

   Warning: you should only use this option  when you are on a fairly  secure
   machine, because the superuser  can read your muttrc  even if you are  the
   only one who can read the file.

  3.105. imap_passive

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, mutt will not open new  IMAP connections to check for new  mail.
   Mutt will only check for new mail over existing IMAP connections. This  is
   useful if you  don't want to  be prompted to  user/password pairs on  mutt
   invocation, or if opening the connection is slow.

  3.106. imap_peek

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, mutt will  avoid implicitly marking your  mail as read  whenever
   you fetch a message from the server.  This is generally a good thing,  but
   can make closing  an IMAP folder  somewhat slower. This  option exists  to
   appease speed freaks.

  3.107. imap_pipeline_depth

   Type: number
   Default: 15

   Controls the number of IMAP commands that may be queued up before they are
   sent to the server. A deeper pipeline reduces the amount of time mutt must
   wait for the server, and can make IMAP servers feel much more  responsive.
   But not all servers  correctly handle pipelined commands,  so if you  have
   problems you might want to try setting this variable to 0.

   Note: Changes to this variable have no effect on open connections.

  3.108. imap_servernoise

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, mutt will display warning messages from the IMAP server as error
   messages. Since these  messages are  often harmless, or  generated due  to
   configuration problems on the  server which are out  of the users'  hands,
   you may wish to suppress them at some point.

  3.109. imap_user

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   The name of the user whose mail you intend to access on the IMAP server.

   This variable defaults to your user name on the local machine.

  3.110. implicit_autoview

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If  set  to  "yes",  mutt  will   look  for  a  mailcap  entry  with   the
   "copiousoutput" flag  set for  every MIME  attachment it  doesn't have  an
   internal viewer defined for. If such an entry is found, mutt will use  the
   viewer defined in that entry to convert the body part to text form.

  3.111. include

   Type: quadoption
   Default: ask-yes

   Controls whether or not a  copy of the message(s)  you are replying to  is
   included in your reply.

  3.112. include_onlyfirst

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Controls whether or  not Mutt includes  only the first  attachment of  the
   message you are replying.

  3.113. indent_string

   Type: string
   Default: "> "

   Specifies the string to prepend to each  line of text quoted in a  message
   to which you are replying. You are strongly encouraged not to change  this
   value, as it tends to agitate the more fanatical netizens.

   The value of this  option is ignored if  $text_flowed is set, too  because
   the quoting mechanism is strictly defined for format=flowed.

   This  option  is  a   format  string,  please   see  the  description   of
   $index_format for supported printf(3)-style sequences.

  3.114. index_format

   Type: string
   Default: "%4C %Z %{%b %d} %-15.15L (%?l?%4l&%4c?) %s"

   This variable allows you  to customize the message  index display to  your
   personal taste.

   "Format strings"  are  similar to  the  strings  used in  the  C  function
   printf(3) to  format output  (see  the man  page  for more  details).  The
   following sequences are defined in Mutt:

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | %a     | address of the author                                         |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %A     | reply-to address (if present; otherwise: address of author)   |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %b     | filename of the original message folder (think mailbox)       |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %B     | the list to which the letter was sent, or else the folder     |
   |        | name (%b).                                                    |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %c     | number of characters (bytes) in the message                   |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %C     | current message number                                        |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %d     | date and time of the message in the format specified by       |
   |        | $date_format converted to sender's time zone                  |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %D     | date and time of the message in the format specified by       |
   |        | $date_format converted to the local time zone                 |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %e     | current message number in thread                              |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %E     | number of messages in current thread                          |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %f     | sender (address + real name), either From: or Return-Path:    |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %F     | author name, or recipient name if the message is from you     |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %H     | spam attribute(s) of this message                             |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %i     | message-id of the current message                             |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %l     | number of lines in the message (does not work with maildir,   |
   |        | mh, and possibly IMAP folders)                                |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   |        | If an address in the "To:" or "Cc:" header field matches an   |
   | %L     | address defined by the users "subscribe" command, this        |
   |        | displays "To <list-name>", otherwise the same as %F.          |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %m     | total number of message in the mailbox                        |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %M     | number of hidden messages if the thread is collapsed.         |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %N     | message score                                                 |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %n     | author's real name (or address if missing)                    |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   |        | original save folder where mutt would formerly have stashed   |
   | %O     | the message: list name or recipient name if not sent to a     |
   |        | list                                                          |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %P     | progress indicator for the built-in pager (how much of the    |
   |        | file has been displayed)                                      |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %s     | subject of the message                                        |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %S     | status of the message ("N"/"D"/"d"/"!"/"r"/*)                 |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %t     | "To:" field (recipients)                                      |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %T     | the appropriate character from the $to_chars string           |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %u     | user (login) name of the author                               |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %v     | first name of the author, or the recipient if the message is  |
   |        | from you                                                      |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %X     | number of attachments (please see the "attachments" section   |
   |        | for possible speed effects)                                   |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %y     | "X-Label:" field, if present                                  |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   |        | "X-Label:" field, if present, and (1) not at part of a thread |
   | %Y     | tree, (2) at the top of a thread, or (3) "X-Label:" is        |
   |        | different from preceding message's "X-Label:".                |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %Z     | message status flags                                          |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   |        | the date and time of the message is converted to sender's     |
   | %{fmt} | time zone, and "fmt" is expanded by the library function      |
   |        | strftime(3); a leading bang disables locales                  |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   |        | the date and time of the message is converted to the local    |
   | %[fmt] | time zone, and "fmt" is expanded by the library function      |
   |        | strftime(3); a leading bang disables locales                  |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   |        | the local date and time when the message was received. "fmt"  |
   | %(fmt) | is expanded by the library function strftime(3); a leading    |
   |        | bang disables locales                                         |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %<fmt> | the current local time. "fmt" is expanded by the library      |
   |        | function strftime(3); a leading bang disables locales.        |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %>X    | right justify the rest of the string and pad with character   |
   |        | "X"                                                           |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %|X    | pad to the end of the line with character "X"                 |
   |--------+---------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %*X    | soft-fill with character "X" as pad                           |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   "Soft-fill" deserves  some  explanation: Normal  right-justification  will
   print everything to the left of the "%>", displaying padding and  whatever
   lies to  the right  only if  there's room.  By contrast,  soft-fill  gives
   priority to  the right-hand  side, guaranteeing  space to  display it  and
   showing padding only if there's  still room. If necessary, soft-fill  will
   eat text leftwards to make room for rightward text.

   Note that  these expandos  are supported  in "save-hook",  "fcc-hook"  and
   "fcc-save-hook", too.

  3.115. ispell

   Type: path
   Default: "ispell"

   How to invoke ispell (GNU's spell-checking software).

  3.116. keep_flagged

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, read messages marked as flagged will not be moved from your  spool
   mailbox to your $mbox mailbox, or as a result of a "mbox-hook" command.

  3.117. locale

   Type: string
   Default: "C"

   The locale  used by  strftime(3) to  format dates.  Legal values  are  the
   strings your system accepts for the locale environment variable $LC_TIME.

  3.118. mail_check

   Type: number
   Default: 5

   This variable configures how often (in  seconds) mutt should look for  new
   mail. Also see the $timeout variable.

  3.119. mail_check_recent

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, Mutt will only notify you about new mail that has been  received
   since the last time you opened  the mailbox. When unset, Mutt will  notify
   you if any new mail exists in the mailbox, regardless of whether you  have
   visited it recently.

   When $mark_old is set, Mutt does  not consider the mailbox to contain  new
   mail if only old messages exist.

  3.120. mailcap_path

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This variable specifies which files to consult when attempting to  display
   MIME bodies not directly supported by Mutt.

  3.121. mailcap_sanitize

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If set, mutt will restrict possible characters in mailcap % expandos to  a
   well-defined set of safe characters. This is the safe setting, but we  are
   not sure it doesn't break some more advanced MIME stuff.

   DON'T CHANGE THIS SETTING UNLESS YOU ARE REALLY SURE WHAT YOU ARE DOING!

  3.122. maildir_header_cache_verify

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Check for Maildir unaware programs other than mutt having modified maildir
   files when the header cache is in use. This incurs one stat(2) per message
   every time the folder is opened (which can be very slow for NFS folders).

  3.123. maildir_trash

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, messages marked as deleted will be saved with the maildir  trashed
   flag instead  of  unlinked.  Note:  this  only  applies  to  maildir-style
   mailboxes. Setting it will have no effect on other mailbox types.

  3.124. mark_old

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Controls whether or not mutt marks new unread messages as old if you  exit
   a mailbox without reading  them. With this option  set, the next time  you
   start mutt, the  messages will show  up with an  "O" next to  them in  the
   index menu, indicating that they are old.

  3.125. markers

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Controls the display of wrapped lines in the internal pager. If set, a "+"
   marker is displayed at the beginning of wrapped lines.

   Also see the $smart_wrap variable.

  3.126. mask

   Type: regular expression
   Default: "!^\.[^.]"

   A regular expression used in the file browser, optionally preceded by  the
   not operator "!". Only  files whose names match  this mask will be  shown.
   The match is always case-sensitive.

  3.127. mbox

   Type: path
   Default: "~/mbox"

   This specifies the folder into which  read mail in your $spoolfile  folder
   will be appended.

   Also see the $move variable.

  3.128. mbox_type

   Type: folder magic
   Default: mbox

   The default mailbox  type used when  creating new folders.  May be any  of
   "mbox",  "MMDF",  "MH"  and  "Maildir".  This  is  overridden  by  the  -m
   command-line option.

  3.129. menu_context

   Type: number
   Default: 0

   This variable controls the number of lines of context that are given  when
   scrolling through menus. (Similar to $pager_context.)

  3.130. menu_move_off

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When unset, the bottom entry of menus will never scroll up past the bottom
   of the screen,  unless there are  less entries than  lines. When set,  the
   bottom entry may move off the bottom.

  3.131. menu_scroll

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, menus will be scrolled up  or down one line when you attempt  to
   move across a  screen boundary. If  unset, the screen  is cleared and  the
   next or previous page of the menu  is displayed (useful for slow links  to
   avoid many redraws).

  3.132. message_cache_clean

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, mutt will clean out  obsolete entries from the message cache  when
   the mailbox is synchronized. You probably  only want to set it every  once
   in a while, since it can be a little slow (especially for large folders).

  3.133. message_cachedir

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   Set this to a directory and mutt  will cache copies of messages from  your
   IMAP and POP servers here. You are free to remove entries at any time.

   When setting  this variable  to a  directory, mutt  needs to  fetch  every
   remote message only once  and can perform  regular expression searches  as
   fast as for local folders.

   Also see the $message_cache_clean variable.

  3.134. message_format

   Type: string
   Default: "%s"

   This is the string displayed in  the "attachment" menu for attachments  of
   type  message/rfc822.  For  a  full  listing  of  defined   printf(3)-like
   sequences see the section on $index_format.

  3.135. meta_key

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, forces Mutt to interpret keystrokes with the high bit (bit 8)  set
   as if the  user had pressed  the Esc  key and whatever  key remains  after
   having the high bit removed. For example, if the key pressed has an  ASCII
   value of 0xf8, then this  is treated as if the  user had pressed Esc  then
   "x". This is  because the result  of removing  the high bit  from 0xf8  is
   0x78, which is the ASCII character "x".

  3.136. metoo

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If unset, Mutt  will remove  your address (see  the "alternates"  command)
   from the list of recipients when replying to a message.

  3.137. mh_purge

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When unset, mutt will mimic mh's  behavior and rename deleted messages  to
   ,<old file  name> in  mh folders  instead of  really deleting  them.  This
   leaves the message on  disk but makes programs  reading the folder  ignore
   it. If the variable is set, the message files will simply be deleted.

   This option is similar to $maildir_trash for Maildir folders.

  3.138. mh_seq_flagged

   Type: string
   Default: "flagged"

   The name of the MH sequence used for flagged messages.

  3.139. mh_seq_replied

   Type: string
   Default: "replied"

   The name of the MH sequence used to tag replied messages.

  3.140. mh_seq_unseen

   Type: string
   Default: "unseen"

   The name of the MH sequence used for unseen messages.

  3.141. mime_forward

   Type: quadoption
   Default: no

   When set, the message  you are forwarding will  be attached as a  separate
   message/rfc822 MIME  part instead  of included  in the  main body  of  the
   message. This is useful for forwarding  MIME messages so the receiver  can
   properly view the  message as  it was  delivered to  you. If  you like  to
   switch between MIME and not MIME from  mail to mail, set this variable  to
   "ask-no" or "ask-yes".

   Also see $forward_decode and $mime_forward_decode.

  3.142. mime_forward_decode

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Controls the  decoding  of  complex MIME  messages  into  text/plain  when
   forwarding a message while $mime_forward is set. Otherwise $forward_decode
   is used instead.

  3.143. mime_forward_rest

   Type: quadoption
   Default: yes

   When forwarding multiple attachments of a MIME message from the attachment
   menu, attachments which cannot be decoded  in a reasonable manner will  be
   attached to the newly composed message if this option is set.

  3.144. mix_entry_format

   Type: string
   Default: "%4n %c %-16s %a"

   This variable describes  the format of  a remailer line  on the  mixmaster
   chain  selection  screen.  The  following  printf(3)-like  sequences   are
   supported:

   +--------------------------------------+
   | %n | The running number on the menu. |
   |----+---------------------------------|
   | %c | Remailer capabilities.          |
   |----+---------------------------------|
   | %s | The remailer's short name.      |
   |----+---------------------------------|
   | %a | The remailer's e-mail address.  |
   +--------------------------------------+

  3.145. mixmaster

   Type: path
   Default: "mixmaster"

   This variable contains the path to the Mixmaster binary on your system. It
   is used  with various  sets of  parameters  to gather  the list  of  known
   remailers, and to finally send a message through the mixmaster chain.

  3.146. move

   Type: quadoption
   Default: no

   Controls whether  or not  Mutt will  move read  messages from  your  spool
   mailbox to your $mbox mailbox, or as a result of a "mbox-hook" command.

  3.147. narrow_tree

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   This variable, when set, makes  the thread tree narrower, allowing  deeper
   threads to fit on the screen.

  3.148. net_inc

   Type: number
   Default: 10

   Operations that expect to transfer a large amount of data over the network
   will update  their progress  every $net_inc  kilobytes. If  set to  0,  no
   progress messages will be displayed.

   See also $read_inc, $write_inc and $net_inc.

  3.149. pager

   Type: path
   Default: "builtin"

   This variable  specifies  which  pager  you would  like  to  use  to  view
   messages. The value "builtin" means  to use the built-in pager,  otherwise
   this variable should specify the pathname of the external pager you  would
   like to use.

   Using an external pager may have some disadvantages: Additional keystrokes
   are necessary  because you  can't call  mutt functions  directly from  the
   pager, and screen resizes cause lines  longer than the screen width to  be
   badly formatted in the help menu.

  3.150. pager_context

   Type: number
   Default: 0

   This variable controls the number of lines of context that are given  when
   displaying the next or  previous page in the  internal pager. By  default,
   Mutt will display the line after the last one on the screen at the top  of
   the next page (0 lines of context).

   This variable  also  specifies the  amount  of context  given  for  search
   results. If positive, this many lines will be given before a match, if  0,
   the match will be top-aligned.

  3.151. pager_format

   Type: string
   Default: "-%Z- %C/%m: %-20.20n   %s%*  -- (%P)"

   This variable  controls  the  format  of  the  one-line  message  "status"
   displayed before each message in either the internal or an external pager.
   The valid sequences are listed in the $index_format section.

  3.152. pager_index_lines

   Type: number
   Default: 0

   Determines the number of lines of a mini-index which is shown when in  the
   pager. The current message, unless near  the top or bottom of the  folder,
   will be roughly  one third  of the way  down this  mini-index, giving  the
   reader the context of a few messages before and after the message. This is
   useful, for example, to determine how  many messages remain to be read  in
   the current thread. One of the lines  is reserved for the status bar  from
   the index, so a setting of 6 will only show 5 lines of the actual index. A
   value of 0 results in no index  being shown. If the number of messages  in
   the current folder is  less than $pager_index_lines,  then the index  will
   only use as many lines as it needs.

  3.153. pager_stop

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, the internal-pager  will not move to  the next message when  you
   are at the end of a message and invoke the <next-page> function.

  3.154. pgp_auto_decode

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set,  mutt  will  automatically  attempt  to  decrypt  traditional  PGP
   messages whenever the  user performs an  operation which ordinarily  would
   result in the contents of the  message being operated on. For example,  if
   the user displays a  pgp-traditional message which  has not been  manually
   checked with the <check-traditional-pgp> function, mutt will automatically
   check the message for traditional pgp.

  3.155. pgp_autoinline

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   This option controls whether Mutt generates old-style inline (traditional)
   PGP encrypted or signed messages under certain circumstances. This can  be
   overridden by use of the pgp menu, when inline is not required.

   Note that Mutt might automatically use PGP/MIME for messages which consist
   of more than  a single MIME  part. Mutt  can be configured  to ask  before
   sending PGP/MIME messages when inline (traditional) would not work.

   Also see the $pgp_mime_auto variable.

   Also note  that  using  the  old-style  PGP  message  format  is  strongly
   deprecated. (PGP only)

  3.156. pgp_check_exit

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If set, mutt will check the exit  code of the PGP subprocess when  signing
   or encrypting. A non-zero exit code means that the subprocess failed. (PGP
   only)

  3.157. pgp_clearsign_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This format is used to create an old-style "clearsigned" PGP message. Note
   that the use of this format is strongly deprecated.

   This is a format string, see the $pgp_decode_command command for  possible
   printf(3)-like sequences. (PGP only)

  3.158. pgp_decode_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This  format  strings  specifies  a  command  which  is  used  to   decode
   application/pgp attachments.

   The PGP command formats have their own set of printf(3)-like sequences:

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | %p | Expands to PGPPASSFD=0 when a pass phrase is needed, to an empty  |
   |    | string otherwise. Note: This may be used with a %? construct.     |
   |----+-------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %f | Expands to the name of a file containing a message.               |
   |----+-------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %s | Expands to the name of a file containing the signature part of a  |
   |    | multipart/signed attachment when verifying it.                    |
   |----+-------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %a | The value of $pgp_sign_as.                                        |
   |----+-------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %r | One or more key IDs.                                              |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   For examples on how to configure these formats for the various versions of
   PGP which are floating  around, see the pgp  and gpg sample  configuration
   files in the samples/ subdirectory which has been installed on your system
   alongside the documentation. (PGP only)

  3.159. pgp_decrypt_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to decrypt a PGP encrypted message.

   This is a format string, see the $pgp_decode_command command for  possible
   printf(3)-like sequences. (PGP only)

  3.160. pgp_encrypt_only_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to encrypt a body part without signing it.

   This is a format string, see the $pgp_decode_command command for  possible
   printf(3)-like sequences. (PGP only)

  3.161. pgp_encrypt_sign_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to both sign and encrypt a body part.

   This is a format string, see the $pgp_decode_command command for  possible
   printf(3)-like sequences. (PGP only)

  3.162. pgp_entry_format

   Type: string
   Default: "%4n %t%f %4l/0x%k %-4a %2c %u"

   This variable allows you to customize  the PGP key selection menu to  your
   personal taste. This string is similar  to $index_format, but has its  own
   set of printf(3)-like sequences:

   +-----------------------------------------------------------------+
   | %n     | number                                                 |
   |--------+--------------------------------------------------------|
   | %k     | key id                                                 |
   |--------+--------------------------------------------------------|
   | %u     | user id                                                |
   |--------+--------------------------------------------------------|
   | %a     | algorithm                                              |
   |--------+--------------------------------------------------------|
   | %l     | key length                                             |
   |--------+--------------------------------------------------------|
   | %f     | flags                                                  |
   |--------+--------------------------------------------------------|
   | %c     | capabilities                                           |
   |--------+--------------------------------------------------------|
   | %t     | trust/validity of the key-uid association              |
   |--------+--------------------------------------------------------|
   | %[<s>] | date of the key where <s> is an strftime(3) expression |
   +-----------------------------------------------------------------+

   (PGP only)

  3.163. pgp_export_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to export a public key from the user's key ring.

   This is a format string, see the $pgp_decode_command command for  possible
   printf(3)-like sequences. (PGP only)

  3.164. pgp_getkeys_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is invoked whenever mutt will need public key information. Of
   the  sequences   supported  by   $pgp_decode_command,  %r   is  the   only
   printf(3)-like sequence used with this format. (PGP only)

  3.165. pgp_good_sign

   Type: regular expression
   Default: (empty)

   If you  assign a  text to  this variable,  then a  PGP signature  is  only
   considered verified if  the output from  $pgp_verify_command contains  the
   text. Use this variable if  the exit code from the  command is 0 even  for
   bad signatures. (PGP only)

  3.166. pgp_ignore_subkeys

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Setting this variable will cause Mutt to ignore OpenPGP subkeys.  Instead,
   the principal key will  inherit the subkeys'  capabilities. Unset this  if
   you want to play interesting key selection games. (PGP only)

  3.167. pgp_import_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to import a key from a message into the user's public
   key ring.

   This is a format string, see the $pgp_decode_command command for  possible
   printf(3)-like sequences. (PGP only)

  3.168. pgp_list_pubring_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used  to list the public  key ring's contents. The  output
   format must be analogous to the one used by

 gpg --list-keys --with-colons.

   This format is  also generated  by the  pgpring utility  which comes  with
   mutt.

   This is a format string, see the $pgp_decode_command command for  possible
   printf(3)-like sequences. (PGP only)

  3.169. pgp_list_secring_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used  to list the secret  key ring's contents. The  output
   format must be analogous to the one used by:

 gpg --list-keys --with-colons.

   This format is  also generated  by the  pgpring utility  which comes  with
   mutt.

   This is a format string, see the $pgp_decode_command command for  possible
   printf(3)-like sequences. (PGP only)

  3.170. pgp_long_ids

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, use 64 bit PGP  key IDs, if unset use  the normal 32 bit key  IDs.
   (PGP only)

  3.171. pgp_mime_auto

   Type: quadoption
   Default: ask-yes

   This option  controls  whether  Mutt will  prompt  you  for  automatically
   sending  a   (signed/encrypted)  message   using  PGP/MIME   when   inline
   (traditional) fails (for any reason).

   Also note  that  using  the  old-style  PGP  message  format  is  strongly
   deprecated. (PGP only)

  3.172. pgp_replyinline

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Setting this  variable will  cause Mutt  to always  attempt to  create  an
   inline (traditional)  message when  replying  to a  message which  is  PGP
   encrypted/signed inline. This can  be overridden by use  of the pgp  menu,
   when inline is not required. This option does not automatically detect  if
   the (replied-to) message is  inline; instead it  relies on Mutt  internals
   for previously checked/flagged messages.

   Note that Mutt might automatically use PGP/MIME for messages which consist
   of more than  a single MIME  part. Mutt  can be configured  to ask  before
   sending PGP/MIME messages when inline (traditional) would not work.

   Also see the $pgp_mime_auto variable.

   Also note  that  using  the  old-style  PGP  message  format  is  strongly
   deprecated. (PGP only)

  3.173. pgp_retainable_sigs

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If  set,   signed  and   encrypted  messages   will  consist   of   nested
   multipart/signed and multipart/encrypted body parts.

   This is useful for applications  like encrypted and signed mailing  lists,
   where the outer layer (multipart/encrypted)  can be easily removed,  while
   the inner multipart/signed part is retained. (PGP only)

  3.174. pgp_show_unusable

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If set, mutt will display non-usable  keys on the PGP key selection  menu.
   This includes keys  which have been  revoked, have expired,  or have  been
   marked as "disabled" by the user. (PGP only)

  3.175. pgp_sign_as

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   If you have  more than one  key pair,  this option allows  you to  specify
   which of your  private keys to  use. It  is recommended that  you use  the
   keyid form to specify your key (e.g. 0x00112233). (PGP only)

  3.176. pgp_sign_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This  command  is  used  to  create  the  detached  PGP  signature  for  a
   multipart/signed PGP/MIME body part.

   This is a format string, see the $pgp_decode_command command for  possible
   printf(3)-like sequences. (PGP only)

  3.177. pgp_sort_keys

   Type: sort order
   Default: address

   Specifies how the entries  in the pgp menu  are sorted. The following  are
   legal values:

   +------------------------------------------+
   | address | sort alphabetically by user id |
   |---------+--------------------------------|
   | keyid   | sort alphabetically by key id  |
   |---------+--------------------------------|
   | date    | sort by key creation date      |
   |---------+--------------------------------|
   | trust   | sort by the trust of the key   |
   +------------------------------------------+

   If  you  prefer  reverse  order  of  the  above  values,  prefix  it  with
   "reverse-". (PGP only)

  3.178. pgp_strict_enc

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If set,  Mutt  will  automatically  encode  PGP/MIME  signed  messages  as
   quoted-printable. Please note  that unsetting  this variable  may lead  to
   problems with non-verifyable PGP  signatures, so only  change this if  you
   know what you are doing. (PGP only)

  3.179. pgp_timeout

   Type: number
   Default: 300

   The number of seconds after which  a cached passphrase will expire if  not
   used. (PGP only)

  3.180. pgp_use_gpg_agent

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, mutt will use a possibly-running gpg-agent(1) process. (PGP only)

  3.181. pgp_verify_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to verify PGP signatures.

   This is a format string, see the $pgp_decode_command command for  possible
   printf(3)-like sequences. (PGP only)

  3.182. pgp_verify_key_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is  used to  verify key  information from  the key  selection
   menu.

   This is a format string, see the $pgp_decode_command command for  possible
   printf(3)-like sequences. (PGP only)

  3.183. pipe_decode

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Used in connection with the <pipe-message> command. When unset, Mutt  will
   pipe the  messages without  any preprocessing.  When set,  Mutt will  weed
   headers and will attempt to decode the messages first.

  3.184. pipe_sep

   Type: string
   Default: "\n"

   The separator  to  add between  messages  when  piping a  list  of  tagged
   messages to an external Unix command.

  3.185. pipe_split

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Used  in   connection   with   the   <pipe-message>   function   following
   <tag-prefix>. If this  variable is  unset, when  piping a  list of  tagged
   messages Mutt  will  concatenate  the  messages and  will  pipe  them  all
   concatenated. When set, Mutt  will pipe the messages  one by one. In  both
   cases the  messages  are  piped  in the  current  sorted  order,  and  the
   $pipe_sep separator is added after each message.

  3.186. pop_auth_try_all

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If set, Mutt will  try all available  authentication methods. When  unset,
   Mutt will only fall back to  other authentication methods if the  previous
   methods are  unavailable.  If a  method  is available  but  authentication
   fails, Mutt will not connect to the POP server.

  3.187. pop_authenticators

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This is a colon-delimited list of authentication methods mutt may  attempt
   to use to  log in to  an POP server,  in the order  mutt should try  them.
   Authentication methods are  either "user", "apop"  or any SASL  mechanism,
   e.g.   "digest-md5",   "gssapi"    or   "cram-md5".    This   option    is
   case-insensitive. If this option is unset (the default) mutt will try  all
   available methods, in order from most-secure to least-secure.

   Example:

 set pop_authenticators="digest-md5:apop:user"

  3.188. pop_checkinterval

   Type: number
   Default: 60

   This variable configures how often (in  seconds) mutt should look for  new
   mail in the currently selected mailbox if it is a POP mailbox.

  3.189. pop_delete

   Type: quadoption
   Default: ask-no

   If set, Mutt  will delete  successfully downloaded messages  from the  POP
   server when  using  the  <fetch-mail>  function.  When  unset,  Mutt  will
   download messages but also leave them on the POP server.

  3.190. pop_host

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   The name of your  POP server for the  <fetch-mail> function. You can  also
   specify an alternative port, username and password, i.e.:

 [pop[s]://][username[:password]@]popserver[:port]

   where "[...]" denotes an optional part.

  3.191. pop_last

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If this variable is set, mutt will  try to use the "LAST" POP command  for
   retrieving only  unread  messages  from  the POP  server  when  using  the
   <fetch-mail> function.

  3.192. pop_pass

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   Specifies the password for  your POP account. If  unset, Mutt will  prompt
   you for your password when you open a POP mailbox.

   Warning: you should only use this option  when you are on a fairly  secure
   machine, because the superuser  can read your muttrc  even if you are  the
   only one who can read the file.

  3.193. pop_reconnect

   Type: quadoption
   Default: ask-yes

   Controls whether or not Mutt  will try to reconnect  to the POP server  if
   the connection is lost.

  3.194. pop_user

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   Your login name on the POP server.

   This variable defaults to your user name on the local machine.

  3.195. post_indent_string

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   Similar to the $attribution variable,  Mutt will append this string  after
   the inclusion of a message which is being replied to.

  3.196. postpone

   Type: quadoption
   Default: ask-yes

   Controls whether or not messages are saved in the $postponed mailbox  when
   you elect not to send immediately.

   Also see the $recall variable.

  3.197. postponed

   Type: path
   Default: "~/postponed"

   Mutt allows you to indefinitely "postpone sending a message" which you are
   editing. When  you choose  to postpone  a message,  Mutt saves  it in  the
   mailbox specified by this variable.

   Also see the $postpone variable.

  3.198. preconnect

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   If set,  a shell  command to  be executed  if mutt  fails to  establish  a
   connection  to  the  server.  This   is  useful  for  setting  up   secure
   connections, e.g. with ssh(1).  If the command  returns a nonzero  status,
   mutt gives up opening the server. Example:

 set preconnect="ssh -f -q -L 1234:mailhost.net:143 mailhost.net \
 sleep 20 < /dev/null > /dev/null"

   Mailbox   "foo"    on   "mailhost.net"    can    now   be    reached    as
   "{localhost:1234}foo".

   Note: For this example to work, you must  be able to log in to the  remote
   machine without having to enter a password.

  3.199. print

   Type: quadoption
   Default: ask-no

   Controls whether  or not  Mutt  really prints  messages.  This is  set  to
   "ask-no" by default, because some people accidentally hit "p" often.

  3.200. print_command

   Type: path
   Default: "lpr"

   This specifies the command pipe that should be used to print messages.

  3.201. print_decode

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Used in connection  with the  <print-message> command. If  this option  is
   set, the message is  decoded before it is  passed to the external  command
   specified by $print_command. If this  option is unset, no processing  will
   be applied to  the message  when printing it.  The latter  setting may  be
   useful if you  are using  some advanced printer  filter which  is able  to
   properly format e-mail messages for printing.

  3.202. print_split

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Used in connection  with the  <print-message> command. If  this option  is
   set, the command  specified by  $print_command is executed  once for  each
   message which  is to  be printed.  If this  option is  unset, the  command
   specified by $print_command is  executed only once,  and all the  messages
   are concatenated, with a form feed as the message separator.

   Those who  use  the enscript(1)  program's  mail-printing mode  will  most
   likely want to set this option.

  3.203. prompt_after

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If you use an  external $pager, setting this  variable will cause Mutt  to
   prompt you for a command when the pager exits rather than returning to the
   index menu. If unset, Mutt will return to the index menu when the external
   pager exits.

  3.204. query_command

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   This specifies the command Mutt will use to make external address queries.
   The string may contain  a "%s", which will  be substituted with the  query
   string the user types. Mutt will add quotes around the string  substituted
   for "%s" automatically  according to  shell quoting rules,  so you  should
   avoid adding your own. If no "%s" is found in the string, Mutt will append
   the user's  query  to  the  end  of  the  string.  See  "query"  for  more
   information.

  3.205. query_format

   Type: string
   Default: "%4c %t %-25.25a %-25.25n %?e?(%e)?"

   This variable  describes the  format of  the "query"  menu. The  following
   printf(3)-style sequences are understood:

   +-------------------------------------------------------------+
   | %a  | destination address                                   |
   |-----+-------------------------------------------------------|
   | %c  | current entry number                                  |
   |-----+-------------------------------------------------------|
   | %e  | extra information *                                   |
   |-----+-------------------------------------------------------|
   | %n  | destination name                                      |
   |-----+-------------------------------------------------------|
   | %t  | "*" if current entry is tagged, a space otherwise     |
   |-----+-------------------------------------------------------|
   | %>X | right justify the rest of the string and pad with "X" |
   |-----+-------------------------------------------------------|
   | %|X | pad to the end of the line with "X"                   |
   |-----+-------------------------------------------------------|
   | %*X | soft-fill with character "X" as pad                   |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------+

   For an explanation of "soft-fill", see the $index_format documentation.

   *  =  can  be  optionally  printed  if  nonzero,  see  the  $status_format
   documentation.

  3.206. quit

   Type: quadoption
   Default: yes

   This variable controls whether "quit" and "exit" actually quit from  mutt.
   If this option is set, they do quit, if it is unset, they have no  effect,
   and if it is set to ask-yes  or ask-no, you are prompted for  confirmation
   when you try to quit.

  3.207. quote_regexp

   Type: regular expression
   Default: "^([ \t]*[|>:}#])+"

   A regular  expression  used in  the  internal pager  to  determine  quoted
   sections of text in the body of a message. Quoted text may be filtered out
   using the  <toggle-quoted> command,  or colored  according to  the  "color
   quoted" family of directives.

   Higher levels  of quoting  may be  colored differently  ("color  quoted1",
   "color quoted2", etc.). The  quoting level is  determined by removing  the
   last character  from  the  matched text  and  recursively  reapplying  the
   regular expression until it fails to produce a match.

   Match detection may be overridden by the $smileys regular expression.

  3.208. read_inc

   Type: number
   Default: 10

   If set to a value  greater than 0, Mutt will  display which message it  is
   currently on when reading a mailbox or when performing search actions such
   as search and limit. The message is printed after this many messages  have
   been read or searched (e.g., if set to 25, Mutt will print a message  when
   it is at  message 25, and  then again when  it gets to  message 50).  This
   variable is meant  to indicate  progress when reading  or searching  large
   mailboxes which may take some time. When  set to 0, only a single  message
   will appear before the reading the mailbox.

   Also see the $write_inc, $net_inc and $time_inc variables and the "tuning"
   section of the manual for performance considerations.

  3.209. read_only

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, all folders are opened in read-only mode.

  3.210. realname

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This variable specifies what "real" or "personal" name should be used when
   sending messages.

   By default,  this is  the GECOS  field from  /etc/passwd. Note  that  this
   variable will not be used when the user  has set a real name in the  $from
   variable.

  3.211. recall

   Type: quadoption
   Default: ask-yes

   Controls whether or not Mutt  recalls postponed messages when composing  a
   new message.

   Setting  this  variable  to  is   not  generally  useful,  and  thus   not
   recommended.

   Also see $postponed variable.

  3.212. record

   Type: path
   Default: "~/sent"

   This specifies  the  file into  which  your outgoing  messages  should  be
   appended. (This is meant as the primary  method for saving a copy of  your
   messages, but another  way to  do this is  using the  "my_hdr" command  to
   create a "Bcc:" field with your email address in it.)

   The value  of $record  is  overridden by  the $force_name  and  $save_name
   variables, and the "fcc-hook" command.

  3.213. reply_regexp

   Type: regular expression
   Default: "^(re([\[0-9\]+])*|aw):[ \t]*"

   A regular expression used to  recognize reply messages when threading  and
   replying. The  default value  corresponds  to the  English "Re:"  and  the
   German "Aw:".

  3.214. reply_self

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If unset and you are replying to  a message sent by you, Mutt will  assume
   that you want to reply  to the recipients of  that message rather than  to
   yourself.

   Also see the "alternates" command.

  3.215. reply_to

   Type: quadoption
   Default: ask-yes

   If set, when replying to  a message, Mutt will  use the address listed  in
   the Reply-to: header as the recipient of the reply. If unset, it will  use
   the address in the From: header  field instead. This option is useful  for
   reading a mailing list  that sets the Reply-To:  header field to the  list
   address and you want to send a private message to the author of a message.

  3.216. resolve

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, the cursor will be automatically advanced to the next  (possibly
   undeleted) message whenever a command that modifies the current message is
   executed.

  3.217. reverse_alias

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   This variable controls  whether or  not Mutt will  display the  "personal"
   name from your aliases in the index menu if it finds an alias that matches
   the message's sender. For example, if you have the following alias:

 alias juser abd30425@somewhere.net (Joe User)

   and then you receive mail which contains the following header:

 From: abd30425@somewhere.net

   It would  be  displayed  in  the  index menu  as  "Joe  User"  instead  of
   "abd30425@somewhere.net." This is useful when the person's e-mail  address
   is not human friendly.

  3.218. reverse_name

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   It may sometimes arrive that you  receive mail to a certain machine,  move
   the messages  to another  machine, and  reply to  some the  messages  from
   there. If  this variable  is set,  the  default From:  line of  the  reply
   messages is built using  the address where you  received the messages  you
   are replying to if that address matches your "alternates". If the variable
   is  unset,  or  the  address  that  would  be  used  doesn't  match   your
   "alternates", the From: line will use your address on the current machine.

   Also see the "alternates" command.

  3.219. reverse_realname

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   This variable fine-tunes the behavior  of the $reverse_name feature.  When
   it is  set,  mutt will  use  the  address from  incoming  messages  as-is,
   possibly including  eventual  real names.  When  it is  unset,  mutt  will
   override any such real names with the setting of the $realname variable.

  3.220. rfc2047_parameters

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When  this  variable  is  set,  Mutt  will  decode  RFC2047-encoded   MIME
   parameters. You want to set this  variable when mutt suggests you to  save
   attachments to files named like:

 =?iso-8859-1?Q?file=5F=E4=5F991116=2Ezip?=

   When this variable is set interactively, the change won't be active  until
   you change folders.

   Note that this use of RFC2047's  encoding is explicitly prohibited by  the
   standard, but nevertheless encountered in the wild.

   Also note that setting this parameter  will not have the effect that  mutt
   generates this kind  of encoding. Instead,  mutt will unconditionally  use
   the encoding specified in RFC2231.

  3.221. save_address

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, mutt will take the  sender's full address when choosing a  default
   folder for saving  a mail. If  $save_name or $force_name  is set too,  the
   selection of the Fcc folder will be changed as well.

  3.222. save_empty

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When unset, mailboxes which contain no saved messages will be removed when
   closed (the  exception is  $spoolfile  which is  never removed).  If  set,
   mailboxes are never removed.

   Note: This only applies to mbox and MMDF folders, Mutt does not delete  MH
   and Maildir directories.

  3.223. save_history

   Type: number
   Default: 0

   This variable controls the size of the history (per category) saved in the
   $history_file file.

  3.224. save_name

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   This variable controls  how copies  of outgoing messages  are saved.  When
   set, a  check is  made to  see if  a mailbox  specified by  the  recipient
   address exists (this  is done by  searching for a  mailbox in the  $folder
   directory with the username part of the recipient address). If the mailbox
   exists, the outgoing message will be saved to that mailbox, otherwise  the
   message is saved to the $record mailbox.

   Also see the $force_name variable.

  3.225. score

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When this variable is unset, scoring is turned off. This can be useful  to
   selectively   disable    scoring   for    certain   folders    when    the
   $score_threshold_delete variable and related are used.

  3.226. score_threshold_delete

   Type: number
   Default: -1

   Messages which have been assigned a score equal to or lower than the value
   of this variable are automatically marked for deletion by mutt. Since mutt
   scores are always greater  than or equal to  zero, the default setting  of
   this variable will never mark a message for deletion.

  3.227. score_threshold_flag

   Type: number
   Default: 9999

   Messages which have been  assigned a score greater  than or equal to  this
   variable's value are automatically marked "flagged".

  3.228. score_threshold_read

   Type: number
   Default: -1

   Messages which have been assigned a score equal to or lower than the value
   of this variable  are automatically  marked as  read by  mutt. Since  mutt
   scores are always greater  than or equal to  zero, the default setting  of
   this variable will never mark a message read.

  3.229. search_context

   Type: number
   Default: 0

   For the pager, this  variable specifies the number  of lines shown  before
   search results. By default, search results will be top-aligned.

  3.230. send_charset

   Type: string
   Default: "us-ascii:iso-8859-1:utf-8"

   A colon-delimited list of character sets for outgoing messages. Mutt  will
   use the first character set into which the text can be converted  exactly.
   If your $charset  is not  "iso-8859-1" and recipients  may not  understand
   "UTF-8", it is advisable to include in the list an appropriate widely used
   standard character set (such  as "iso-8859-2", "koi8-r" or  "iso-2022-jp")
   either instead of or after "iso-8859-1".

   In case the text cannot be converted into one of these exactly, mutt  uses
   $charset as a fallback.

  3.231. sendmail

   Type: path
   Default: "/usr/sbin/sendmail -oem -oi"

   Specifies the program  and arguments used  to deliver mail  sent by  Mutt.
   Mutt expects that the specified program interprets additional arguments as
   recipient addresses.

  3.232. sendmail_wait

   Type: number
   Default: 0

   Specifies the  number of  seconds to  wait for  the $sendmail  process  to
   finish before giving up and putting delivery in the background.

   Mutt interprets the value of this variable as follows:

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | >0 | number of seconds to wait for sendmail to finish before           |
   |    | continuing                                                        |
   |----+-------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | 0  | wait forever for sendmail to finish                               |
   |----+-------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | <0 | always put sendmail in the background without waiting             |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   Note that if you  specify a value  other than 0, the  output of the  child
   process will be put in a temporary file. If there is some error, you  will
   be informed as to where to find the output.

  3.233. shell

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   Command to use  when spawning  a subshell.  By default,  the user's  login
   shell from /etc/passwd is used.

  3.234. sig_dashes

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If set, a line containing "-- " (note the trailing space) will be inserted
   before your $signature. It is strongly recommended that you not unset this
   variable unless your  signature contains  just your name.  The reason  for
   this is  because  many  software  packages use  "--  \n"  to  detect  your
   signature. For example, Mutt has the ability to highlight the signature in
   a different color in the built-in pager.

  3.235. sig_on_top

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If set, the  signature will  be included  before any  quoted or  forwarded
   text. It is strongly recommended that you do not set this variable  unless
   you really know what  you are doing,  and are prepared  to take some  heat
   from netiquette guardians.

  3.236. signature

   Type: path
   Default: "~/.signature"

   Specifies the  filename  of  your  signature, which  is  appended  to  all
   outgoing messages. If the filename ends  with a pipe ("|"), it is  assumed
   that filename  is  a shell  command  and input  should  be read  from  its
   standard output.

  3.237. simple_search

   Type: string
   Default: "~f %s | ~s %s"

   Specifies how  Mutt should  expand  a simple  search  into a  real  search
   pattern. A simple  search is  one that  does not  contain any  of the  "~"
   pattern operators. See "patterns" for more information on search patterns.

   For example, if you simply  type "joe" at a  search or limit prompt,  Mutt
   will automatically expand it  to the value specified  by this variable  by
   replacing "%s"  with the  supplied string.  For the  default value,  "joe"
   would be expanded to: "~f joe | ~s joe".

  3.238. sleep_time

   Type: number
   Default: 1

   Specifies  time,   in  seconds,   to   pause  while   displaying   certain
   informational messages,  while  moving from  folder  to folder  and  after
   expunging messages from the  current folder. The default  is to pause  one
   second, so a value of zero for this option suppresses the pause.

  3.239. smart_wrap

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Controls the display of lines longer than the screen width in the internal
   pager. If set, long lines are wrapped at a word boundary. If unset,  lines
   are simply wrapped at the screen edge. Also see the $markers variable.

  3.240. smileys

   Type: regular expression
   Default: "(>From )|(:[-^]?[][)(><}{|/DP])"

   The pager  uses this  variable to  catch some  common false  positives  of
   $quote_regexp, most notably smileys and not consider a line quoted text if
   it also matches $smileys. This mostly happens at the beginning of a line.

  3.241. smime_ask_cert_label

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   This flag controls whether  you want to  be asked to enter  a label for  a
   certificate about  to be  added  to the  database or  not.  It is  set  by
   default. (S/MIME only)

  3.242. smime_ca_location

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   This variable contains  the name of  either a directory,  or a file  which
   contains trusted certificates for use with OpenSSL. (S/MIME only)

  3.243. smime_certificates

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   Since for S/MIME  there is  no pubring/secring as  with PGP,  mutt has  to
   handle storage and retrieval of keys  by itself. This is very basic  right
   now, and keys and  certificates are stored  in two different  directories,
   both named as  the hash-value retrieved  from OpenSSL. There  is an  index
   file which contains mailbox-address keyid pairs, and which can be manually
   edited. This option points  to the location  of the certificates.  (S/MIME
   only)

  3.244. smime_decrypt_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This  format  string  specifies  a  command  which  is  used  to   decrypt
   application/x-pkcs7-mime attachments.

   The OpenSSL command formats have their own set of printf(3)-like sequences
   similar to PGP's:

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | %f | Expands to the name of a file containing a message.               |
   |----+-------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %s | Expands to the name of a file containing the signature part of a  |
   |    | multipart/signed attachment when verifying it.                    |
   |----+-------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %k | The key-pair specified with $smime_default_key                    |
   |----+-------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %c | One or more certificate IDs.                                      |
   |----+-------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %a | The algorithm used for encryption.                                |
   |----+-------------------------------------------------------------------|
   |    | CA location: Depending on whether $smime_ca_location points to a  |
   | %C | directory or file, this expands to "-CApath $smime_ca_location"   |
   |    | or "-CAfile $smime_ca_location".                                  |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   For examples on how  to configure these formats,  see the smime.rc in  the
   samples/ subdirectory which  has been installed  on your system  alongside
   the documentation. (S/MIME only)

  3.245. smime_decrypt_use_default_key

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If set (default) this  tells mutt to use  the default key for  decryption.
   Otherwise, if managing  multiple certificate-key-pairs, mutt  will try  to
   use the mailbox-address to determine  the key to use.  It will ask you  to
   supply a key, if it can't find one. (S/MIME only)

  3.246. smime_default_key

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This is the default key-pair to use  for signing. This must be set to  the
   keyid (the hash-value  that OpenSSL  generates) to  work properly  (S/MIME
   only)

  3.247. smime_encrypt_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to create encrypted S/MIME messages.

   This is  a  format  string, see  the  $smime_decrypt_command  command  for
   possible printf(3)-like sequences. (S/MIME only)

  3.248. smime_encrypt_with

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This sets the algorithm that should be used for encryption. Valid  choices
   are  "des",  "des3",  "rc2-40",  "rc2-64",  "rc2-128".  If  unset,  "3des"
   (TripleDES) is used. (S/MIME only)

  3.249. smime_get_cert_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to extract X509 certificates from a PKCS7 structure.

   This is  a  format  string, see  the  $smime_decrypt_command  command  for
   possible printf(3)-like sequences. (S/MIME only)

  3.250. smime_get_cert_email_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to extract the mail address(es) used for storing X509
   certificates,  and  for  verification  purposes  (to  check  whether   the
   certificate was issued for the sender's mailbox).

   This is  a  format  string, see  the  $smime_decrypt_command  command  for
   possible printf(3)-like sequences. (S/MIME only)

  3.251. smime_get_signer_cert_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to extract  only the signers X509 certificate from  a
   S/MIME signature, so that the certificate's owner may get compared to  the
   email's "From:" field.

   This is  a  format  string, see  the  $smime_decrypt_command  command  for
   possible printf(3)-like sequences. (S/MIME only)

  3.252. smime_import_cert_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to import a certificate via smime_keys.

   This is  a  format  string, see  the  $smime_decrypt_command  command  for
   possible printf(3)-like sequences. (S/MIME only)

  3.253. smime_is_default

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   The default behavior  of mutt is  to use PGP  on all  auto-sign/encryption
   operations. To  override and  to use  OpenSSL instead  this must  be  set.
   However, this has no effect while replying, since mutt will  automatically
   select the same  application that  was used to  sign/encrypt the  original
   message.  (Note  that  this  variable  can  be  overridden  by   unsetting
   $crypt_autosmime.) (S/MIME only)

  3.254. smime_keys

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   Since for S/MIME  there is  no pubring/secring as  with PGP,  mutt has  to
   handle storage and retrieval of keys/certs  by itself. This is very  basic
   right now, and stores keys and certificates in two different  directories,
   both named as  the hash-value retrieved  from OpenSSL. There  is an  index
   file which contains mailbox-address keyid pair, and which can be  manually
   edited. This option points  to the location of  the private keys.  (S/MIME
   only)

  3.255. smime_pk7out_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to extract PKCS7 structures of S/MIME signatures,  in
   order to extract the public X509 certificate(s).

   This is  a  format  string, see  the  $smime_decrypt_command  command  for
   possible printf(3)-like sequences. (S/MIME only)

  3.256. smime_sign_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This  command   is   used   to   created   S/MIME   signatures   of   type
   multipart/signed, which can be read by all mail clients.

   This is  a  format  string, see  the  $smime_decrypt_command  command  for
   possible printf(3)-like sequences. (S/MIME only)

  3.257. smime_sign_opaque_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This  command   is   used   to   created   S/MIME   signatures   of   type
   application/x-pkcs7-signature, which can only  be handled by mail  clients
   supporting the S/MIME extension.

   This is  a  format  string, see  the  $smime_decrypt_command  command  for
   possible printf(3)-like sequences. (S/MIME only)

  3.258. smime_timeout

   Type: number
   Default: 300

   The number of seconds after which  a cached passphrase will expire if  not
   used. (S/MIME only)

  3.259. smime_verify_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This command is used to verify S/MIME signatures of type multipart/signed.

   This is  a  format  string, see  the  $smime_decrypt_command  command  for
   possible printf(3)-like sequences. (S/MIME only)

  3.260. smime_verify_opaque_command

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This   command   is   used   to   verify   S/MIME   signatures   of   type
   application/x-pkcs7-mime.

   This is  a  format  string, see  the  $smime_decrypt_command  command  for
   possible printf(3)-like sequences. (S/MIME only)

  3.261. smtp_authenticators

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   This is a colon-delimited list of authentication methods mutt may  attempt
   to use to log  in to an SMTP  server, in the order  mutt should try  them.
   Authentication methods are any SASL mechanism, e.g. "digest-md5", "gssapi"
   or "cram-md5".  This option  is case-insensitive.  If it  is "unset"  (the
   default) mutt will try all available methods, in order from most-secure to
   least-secure.

   Example:

 set smtp_authenticators="digest-md5:cram-md5"

  3.262. smtp_pass

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   Specifies the password for your SMTP  account. If unset, Mutt will  prompt
   you for your password when you first send mail via SMTP. See $smtp_url  to
   configure mutt to send mail via SMTP.

   Warning: you should only use this option  when you are on a fairly  secure
   machine, because the superuser  can read your muttrc  even if you are  the
   only one who can read the file.

  3.263. smtp_url

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   Defines  the  SMTP  smarthost  where  sent  messages  should  relayed  for
   delivery. This should take the form of an SMTP URL, e.g.:

 smtp[s]://[user[:pass]@]host[:port]

   where "[...]" denotes  an optional part.  Setting this variable  overrides
   the value of the $sendmail variable.

  3.264. sort

   Type: sort order
   Default: date

   Specifies how to sort messages in the "index" menu. Valid values are:

     o date or date-sent

     o date-received

     o from

     o mailbox-order (unsorted)

     o score

     o size

     o spam

     o subject

     o threads

     o to

   You may optionally use  the "reverse-" prefix  to specify reverse  sorting
   order (example: "set sort=reverse-date-sent").

  3.265. sort_alias

   Type: sort order
   Default: alias

   Specifies how the entries  in the "alias" menu  are sorted. The  following
   are legal values:

     o address (sort alphabetically by email address)

     o alias (sort alphabetically by alias name)

     o unsorted (leave in order specified in .muttrc)

  3.266. sort_aux

   Type: sort order
   Default: date

   When sorting by threads, this variable controls how threads are sorted  in
   relation to other threads,  and how the branches  of the thread trees  are
   sorted. This can be set to any value that $sort can, except "threads"  (in
   that case,  mutt will  just use  "date-sent"). You  can also  specify  the
   "last-" prefix in addition to the "reverse-" prefix, but "last-" must come
   after "reverse-". The "last-" prefix causes messages to be sorted  against
   its siblings by which has the last descendant, using the rest of $sort_aux
   as an ordering. For instance,

 set sort_aux=last-date-received

   would mean that  if a new  message is  received in a  thread, that  thread
   becomes  the  last  one  displayed  (or  the  first,  if  you  have   "set
   sort=reverse-threads".)

   Note: For reversed $sort order $sort_aux  is reversed again (which is  not
   the right thing to  do, but kept to  not break any existing  configuration
   setting).

  3.267. sort_browser

   Type: sort order
   Default: alpha

   Specifies how to sort entries in the file browser. By default, the entries
   are sorted alphabetically. Valid values:

     o alpha (alphabetically)

     o date

     o size

     o unsorted

   You may optionally use  the "reverse-" prefix  to specify reverse  sorting
   order (example: "set sort_browser=reverse-date").

  3.268. sort_re

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   This variable is only useful when sorting by threads with  $strict_threads
   unset. In that case, it changes the heuristic mutt uses to thread messages
   by subject. With  $sort_re set,  mutt will only  attach a  message as  the
   child of another message  by subject if the  subject of the child  message
   starts with  a  substring  matching the  setting  of  $reply_regexp.  With
   $sort_re unset, mutt will  attach the message whether  or not this is  the
   case, as  long  as  the  non-$reply_regexp  parts  of  both  messages  are
   identical.

  3.269. spam_separator

   Type: string
   Default: ","

   This variable  controls  what  happens  when  multiple  spam  headers  are
   matched: if  unset, each  successive header  will overwrite  any  previous
   matches value  for the  spam label.  If set,  each successive  match  will
   append to the previous, using this variable's value as a separator.

  3.270. spoolfile

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   If your spool mailbox is in a non-default place where Mutt cannot find it,
   you can specify its location with  this variable. Mutt will initially  set
   this variable to the value of  the environment variable $MAIL or  $MAILDIR
   if either is defined.

  3.271. ssl_ca_certificates_file

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   This variable specifies  a file  containing trusted  CA certificates.  Any
   server certificate that  is signed with  one of these  CA certificates  is
   also automatically accepted.

   Example:

 set ssl_ca_certificates_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt

  3.272. ssl_client_cert

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   The file containing a client certificate and its associated private key.

  3.273. ssl_force_tls

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If this variable is set, Mutt will require that all connections to  remote
   servers be encrypted. Furthermore it will attempt to negotiate TLS even if
   the server does  not advertise  the capability, since  it would  otherwise
   have to abort the connection anyway. This option supersedes $ssl_starttls.

  3.274. ssl_min_dh_prime_bits

   Type: number
   Default: 0

   This variable specifies the  minimum acceptable prime  size (in bits)  for
   use in any Diffie-Hellman key exchange. A value of 0 will use the  default
   from the GNUTLS library.

  3.275. ssl_starttls

   Type: quadoption
   Default: yes

   If set  (the  default), mutt  will  attempt  to use  STARTTLS  on  servers
   advertising the  capability. When  unset,  mutt will  not attempt  to  use
   STARTTLS regardless of the server's capabilities.

  3.276. ssl_use_sslv2

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   This variable  specifies  whether to  attempt  to  use SSLv2  in  the  SSL
   authentication process.

  3.277. ssl_use_sslv3

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   This variable  specifies  whether to  attempt  to  use SSLv3  in  the  SSL
   authentication process.

  3.278. ssl_use_tlsv1

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   This variable  specifies  whether to  attempt  to  use TLSv1  in  the  SSL
   authentication process.

  3.279. ssl_usesystemcerts

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If  set  to  yes,  mutt  will  use  CA  certificates  in  the  system-wide
   certificate store when  checking if a  server certificate is  signed by  a
   trusted CA.

  3.280. ssl_verify_dates

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If set  (the  default),  mutt  will  not  automatically  accept  a  server
   certificate that is either  not yet valid or  already expired. You  should
   only unset  this  for particular  known  hosts, using  the  <account-hook>
   function.

  3.281. ssl_verify_host

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   If set  (the  default),  mutt  will  not  automatically  accept  a  server
   certificate whose host name  does not match the  host used in your  folder
   URL. You should  only unset  this for  particular known  hosts, using  the
   <account-hook> function.

  3.282. status_chars

   Type: string
   Default: "-*%A"

   Controls the characters used by the "%r" indicator in $status_format.  The
   first character is used when the mailbox is unchanged. The second is  used
   when the mailbox has been changed, and it needs to be resynchronized.  The
   third is used if the mailbox is in read-only mode, or if the mailbox  will
   not be written when exiting that mailbox (You can toggle whether to  write
   changes to a mailbox with  the <toggle-write> operation, bound by  default
   to "%"). The fourth is used to  indicate that the current folder has  been
   opened in attach- message  mode (Certain operations  like composing a  new
   mail, replying, forwarding, etc. are not permitted in this mode).

  3.283. status_format

   Type: string
   Default: "-%r-Mutt: %f [Msgs:%?M?%M/?%m%?n? New:%n?%?o? Old:%o?%?d? Del:%d?%?F? Flag:%F?%?t? Tag:%t?%?p? Post:%p?%?b? Inc:%b?%?l? %l?]---(%s/%S)-%>-(%P)---"

   Controls the format of the status line displayed in the "index" menu. This
   string is similar to $index_format, but has its own set of  printf(3)-like
   sequences:

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | %b  | number of mailboxes with new mail *                              |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %d  | number of deleted messages *                                     |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %f  | the full pathname of the current mailbox                         |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %F  | number of flagged messages *                                     |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %h  | local hostname                                                   |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %l  | size (in bytes) of the current mailbox *                         |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %L  | size (in bytes) of the messages shown (i.e., which match the     |
   |     | current limit) *                                                 |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %m  | the number of messages in the mailbox *                          |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %M  | the number of messages shown (i.e., which match the current      |
   |     | limit) *                                                         |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %n  | number of new messages in the mailbox *                          |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %o  | number of old unread messages *                                  |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %p  | number of postponed messages *                                   |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %P  | percentage of the way through the index                          |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %r  | modified/read-only/won't-write/attach-message indicator,         |
   |     | according to $status_chars                                       |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %s  | current sorting mode ($sort)                                     |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %S  | current aux sorting method ($sort_aux)                           |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %t  | number of tagged messages *                                      |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %u  | number of unread messages *                                      |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %v  | Mutt version string                                              |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %V  | currently active limit pattern, if any *                         |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %>X | right justify the rest of the string and pad with "X"            |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %|X | pad to the end of the line with "X"                              |
   |-----+------------------------------------------------------------------|
   | %*X | soft-fill with character "X" as pad                              |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   For an explanation of "soft-fill", see the $index_format documentation.

   * = can be optionally printed if nonzero

   Some of the above sequences  can be used to  optionally print a string  if
   their value is nonzero. For example, you  may only want to see the  number
   of flagged messages if such messages exist, since zero is not particularly
   meaningful. To  optionally print  a string  based upon  one of  the  above
   sequences, the following construct is used:

   %?<sequence_char>?<optional_string>?

   where  sequence_char   is  a   character  from   the  table   above,   and
   optional_string is the string you  would like printed if sequence_char  is
   nonzero. optional_string may  contain other  sequences as  well as  normal
   text, but you may not nest optional strings.

   Here is an example illustrating how to optionally print the number of  new
   messages in a mailbox:

   %?n?%n new messages.?

   You can also switch between two strings using the following construct:

   %?<sequence_char>?<if_string>&<else_string>?

   If the value  of sequence_char  is non-zero, if_string  will be  expanded,
   otherwise else_string will be expanded.

   You can force the result of any printf(3)-like sequence to be lowercase by
   prefixing the  sequence  character  with an  underscore  ("_")  sign.  For
   example, if you want to display the local hostname in lowercase, you would
   use: "%_h".

   If you prefix the  sequence character with a  colon (":") character,  mutt
   will replace  any dots  in the  expansion by  underscores. This  might  be
   helpful with IMAP folders that don't like dots in folder names.

  3.284. status_on_top

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Setting this variable causes the "status bar" to be displayed on the first
   line of the screen rather than near the bottom. If $help is set, too it'll
   be placed at the bottom.

  3.285. strict_threads

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   If  set,  threading  will   only  make  use   of  the  "In-Reply-To"   and
   "References:" fields  when  you  $sort by  message  threads.  By  default,
   messages with the same subject are grouped together in "pseudo  threads.".
   This may not always be desirable, such as in a personal mailbox where  you
   might have several unrelated  messages with the  subjects like "hi"  which
   will get grouped  together. See also  $sort_re for a  less drastic way  of
   controlling this behavior.

  3.286. suspend

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When unset, mutt won't stop when the user presses the terminal's susp key,
   usually "^Z". This  is useful  if you  run mutt  inside an  xterm using  a
   command like "xterm -e mutt".

  3.287. text_flowed

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, mutt will generate "format=flowed" bodies with a content type of
   "text/plain; format=flowed".  This format  is easier  to handle  for  some
   mailing software, and generally just looks like ordinary text. To actually
   make use of this format's features, you'll need support in your editor.

   Note that $indent_string is ignored when this option is set.

  3.288. thorough_search

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Affects the ~b and ~h  search operations described in section  "patterns".
   If set, the headers  and body/attachments of messages  to be searched  are
   decoded before searching. If unset,  messages are searched as they  appear
   in the folder.

   Users searching attachments  or for non-ASCII  characters should set  this
   value because decoding  also includes MIME  parsing/decoding and  possible
   character set conversions.  Otherwise mutt will  attempt to match  against
   the raw message  received (for  example quoted-printable  encoded or  with
   encoded headers) which may lead to incorrect search results.

  3.289. thread_received

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, mutt uses the date received rather than the date sent to  thread
   messages by subject.

  3.290. tilde

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, the  internal-pager will pad  blank lines to  the bottom of  the
   screen with a tilde ("~").

  3.291. time_inc

   Type: number
   Default: 0

   Along with $read_inc, $write_inc, and $net_inc, this variable controls the
   frequency with which progress updates are displayed. It suppresses updates
   less than $time_inc  milliseconds apart.  This can  improve throughput  on
   systems with slow terminals, or when running mutt on a remote system.

   Also  see   the   "tuning"  section   of   the  manual   for   performance
   considerations.

  3.292. timeout

   Type: number
   Default: 600

   When Mutt  is waiting  for user  input either  idling in  menus or  in  an
   interactive prompt, Mutt would block until input is present. Depending  on
   the context,  this would  prevent certain  operations from  working,  like
   checking for new mail or keeping an IMAP connection alive.

   This variable controls how  many seconds Mutt will  at most wait until  it
   aborts waiting for input, performs these operations and continues to  wait
   for input.

   A value of zero or less will cause Mutt to never time out.

  3.293. tmpdir

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   This variable allows you  to specify where Mutt  will place its  temporary
   files needed for displaying  and composing messages.  If this variable  is
   not set, the environment variable $TMPDIR  is used. If $TMPDIR is not  set
   then "/tmp" is used.

  3.294. to_chars

   Type: string
   Default: " +TCFL"

   Controls the character used to indicate  mail addressed to you. The  first
   character is the one used when the mail is not addressed to your  address.
   The second is used  when you are  the only recipient  of the message.  The
   third is when your address appears in the "To:" header field, but you  are
   not the only recipient of the  message. The fourth character is used  when
   your address is specified in the "Cc:"  header field, but you are not  the
   only recipient. The fifth character is used to indicate mail that was sent
   by you. The sixth character is used to indicate when a mail was sent to  a
   mailing-list you subscribe to.

  3.295. tunnel

   Type: string
   Default: (empty)

   Setting this variable will cause mutt to open a pipe to a command  instead
   of a raw socket. You  may be able to use  this to set up  preauthenticated
   connections to your IMAP/POP3/SMTP server. Example:

 set tunnel="ssh -q mailhost.net /usr/local/libexec/imapd"

   Note: For this example to  work you must be able  to log in to the  remote
   machine without having to enter a password.

   When set, Mutt  uses the  tunnel for  all remote  connections. Please  see
   "account-hook" in the manual for how to use different tunnel commands  per
   connection.

  3.296. uncollapse_jump

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When set, Mutt  will jump to  the next  unread message, if  any, when  the
   current thread is uncollapsed.

  3.297. use_8bitmime

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   Warning: do  not set  this variable  unless  you are  using a  version  of
   sendmail which supports the  -B8BITMIME flag (such  as sendmail 8.8.x)  or
   you may not be able to send mail.

   When set, Mutt will invoke $sendmail with the -B8BITMIME flag when sending
   8-bit messages to enable ESMTP negotiation.

  3.298. use_domain

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, Mutt will qualify all local addresses (ones without the  "@host"
   portion) with  the value  of $hostname.  If unset,  no addresses  will  be
   qualified.

  3.299. use_envelope_from

   Type: boolean
   Default: no

   When  set,  mutt  will  set  the  envelope  sender  of  the  message.   If
   $envelope_from_address is set, it will be  used as the sender address.  If
   unset, mutt will attempt to derive the sender from the "From:" header.

   Note that this  information is  passed to  sendmail command  using the  -f
   command line switch. Therefore  setting this option is  not useful if  the
   $sendmail variable already contains -f or if the executable pointed to  by
   $sendmail doesn't support the -f switch.

  3.300. use_from

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set,  Mutt  will  generate  the "From:"  header  field  when  sending
   messages. If unset, no "From:" header  field will be generated unless  the
   user explicitly sets one using the "my_hdr" command.

  3.301. use_idn

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, Mutt will show you international domain names decoded. Note: You
   can use  IDNs for  addresses even  if this  is unset.  This variable  only
   affects decoding.

  3.302. use_ipv6

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, Mutt will look for IPv6 addresses of hosts it tries to  contact.
   If this option  is unset,  Mutt will  restrict itself  to IPv4  addresses.
   Normally, the default should work.

  3.303. user_agent

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set,  mutt will  add  a "User-Agent:"  header to  outgoing  messages,
   indicating which version of mutt was used for composing them.

  3.304. visual

   Type: path
   Default: (empty)

   Specifies the visual editor  to invoke when the  "~v" command is given  in
   the built-in editor.

  3.305. wait_key

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Controls whether  Mutt will  ask you  to  press a  key after  an  external
   command   has   been   invoked   by   these   functions:   <shell-escape>,
   <pipe-message>, <pipe-entry>, <print-message>, and <print-entry> commands.

   It is also used when  viewing attachments with "auto_view", provided  that
   the corresponding mailcap entry has a needsterminal flag, and the external
   program is interactive.

   When set, Mutt will always ask for a key. When unset, Mutt will wait for a
   key only if the external command returned a non-zero status.

  3.306. weed

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   When set, mutt will weed headers when displaying, forwarding, printing, or
   replying to messages.

  3.307. wrap

   Type: number
   Default: 0

   When set to  a positive value,  mutt will wrap  text at $wrap  characters.
   When set to a negative value, mutt will wrap text so that there are  $wrap
   characters of empty space on the right side of the terminal. Setting it to
   zero makes mutt wrap at the terminal width.

  3.308. wrap_headers

   Type: number
   Default: 78

   This option specifies  the number  of characters  to use  for wrapping  an
   outgoing  message's  headers.  Allowed  values  are  between  78  and  998
   inclusive.

   Note: This option usually shouldn't be changed. RFC5233 recommends a  line
   length of 78 (the  default), so please only  change this setting when  you
   know what you're doing.

  3.309. wrap_search

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Controls whether searches wrap around the end.

   When set, searches will wrap around the first (or last) item. When  unset,
   incremental searches will not wrap.

  3.310. wrapmargin

   Type: number
   Default: 0

   (DEPRECATED) Equivalent to setting $wrap with a negative value.

  3.311. write_bcc

   Type: boolean
   Default: yes

   Controls whether mutt writes out the "Bcc:" header when preparing messages
   to be sent. Exim users may wish to  unset this. If mutt is set to  deliver
   directly via SMTP  (see $smtp_url),  this option does  nothing: mutt  will
   never write out the "Bcc:" header in this case.

  3.312. write_inc

   Type: number
   Default: 10

   When writing  a  mailbox,  a  message will  be  printed  every  $write_inc
   messages to indicate progress. If set to 0, only a single message will  be
   displayed before writing a mailbox.

   Also see the $read_inc, $net_inc and $time_inc variables and the  "tuning"
   section of the manual for performance considerations.

4. Functions

   The following is the list of available functions listed by the mapping  in
   which they  are  available. The  default  key  setting is  given,  and  an
   explanation of what the function does. The key bindings of these functions
   can be changed with the bind command.

  4.1. Generic Menu

   The generic menu is not a real menu, but specifies common functions  (such
   as movement) available in all menus except for pager and editor.  Changing
   settings for this  menu will  affect the  default bindings  for all  menus
   (except as noted).

   Table 9.2. Default Generic Menu Bindings

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |     Function      | Default key |             Description              |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <top-page>        | H           | move to the top of the page          |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <next-entry>      | j           | move to the next entry               |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <previous-entry>  | k           | move to the previous entry           |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <bottom-page>     | L           | move to the bottom of the page       |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <refresh>         | ^L          | clear and redraw the screen          |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <middle-page>     | M           | move to the middle of the page       |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <search-next>     | n           | search for next match                |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <exit>            | q           | exit this menu                       |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <tag-entry>       | t           | tag the current entry                |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <next-page>       | z           | move to the next page                |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <previous-page>   | Z           | move to the previous page            |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <last-entry>      | *           | move to the last entry               |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <first-entry>     | =           | move to the first entry              |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <enter-command>   | :           | enter a muttrc command               |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <next-line>       | >           | scroll down one line                 |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <previous-line>   | <           | scroll up one line                   |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <half-up>         | [           | scroll up 1/2 page                   |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <half-down>       | ]           | scroll down 1/2 page                 |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <help>            | ?           | this screen                          |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <tag-prefix>      | ;           | apply next function to tagged        |
   |                   |             | messages                             |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <tag-prefix-cond> |             | apply next function ONLY to tagged   |
   |                   |             | messages                             |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <end-cond>        |             | end of conditional execution (noop)  |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <shell-escape>    | !           | invoke a command in a subshell       |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <select-entry>    | <Return>    | select the current entry             |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <search>          | /           | search for a regular expression      |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <search-reverse>  | Esc /       | search backwards for a regular       |
   |                   |             | expression                           |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <search-opposite> |             | search for next match in opposite    |
   |                   |             | direction                            |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <jump>            |             | jump to an index number              |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <current-top>     |             | move entry to top of screen          |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <current-middle>  |             | move entry to middle of screen       |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <current-bottom>  |             | move entry to bottom of screen       |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <what-key>        |             | display the keycode for a key press  |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

  4.2. Index Menu

   Table 9.3. Default Index Menu Bindings

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |          Function          | Default key |         Description         |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <create-alias>             | a           | create an alias from a      |
   |                            |             | message sender              |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <bounce-message>           | b           | remail a message to another |
   |                            |             | user                        |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <break-thread>             | #           | break the thread in two     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <change-folder>            | c           | open a different folder     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <change-folder-readonly>   | Esc c       | open a different folder in  |
   |                            |             | read only mode              |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <next-unread-mailbox>      |             | open next mailbox with new  |
   |                            |             | mail                        |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <collapse-thread>          | Esc v       | collapse/uncollapse current |
   |                            |             | thread                      |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <collapse-all>             | Esc V       | collapse/uncollapse all     |
   |                            |             | threads                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <copy-message>             | C           | copy a message to a         |
   |                            |             | file/mailbox                |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <decode-copy>              | Esc C       | make decoded (text/plain)   |
   |                            |             | copy                        |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <decode-save>              | Esc s       | make decoded copy           |
   |                            |             | (text/plain) and delete     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <delete-message>           | d           | delete the current entry    |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <delete-pattern>           | D           | delete messages matching a  |
   |                            |             | pattern                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <delete-thread>            | ^D          | delete all messages in      |
   |                            |             | thread                      |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <delete-subthread>         | Esc d       | delete all messages in      |
   |                            |             | subthread                   |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <edit>                     | e           | edit the raw message        |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <edit-type>                | ^E          | edit attachment content     |
   |                            |             | type                        |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <forward-message>          | f           | forward a message with      |
   |                            |             | comments                    |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <flag-message>             | F           | toggle a message's          |
   |                            |             | 'important' flag            |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <group-reply>              | g           | reply to all recipients     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <fetch-mail>               | G           | retrieve mail from POP      |
   |                            |             | server                      |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <imap-fetch-mail>          |             | force retrieval of mail     |
   |                            |             | from IMAP server            |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <imap-logout-all>          |             | logout from all IMAP        |
   |                            |             | servers                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <display-toggle-weed>      | h           | display message and toggle  |
   |                            |             | header weeding              |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <next-undeleted>           | j           | move to the next undeleted  |
   |                            |             | message                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <previous-undeleted>       | k           | move to the previous        |
   |                            |             | undeleted message           |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <limit>                    | l           | show only messages matching |
   |                            |             | a pattern                   |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <link-threads>             | &           | link tagged message to the  |
   |                            |             | current one                 |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <list-reply>               | L           | reply to specified mailing  |
   |                            |             | list                        |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <mail>                     | m           | compose a new mail message  |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <toggle-new>               | N           | toggle a message's 'new'    |
   |                            |             | flag                        |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <toggle-write>             | %           | toggle whether the mailbox  |
   |                            |             | will be rewritten           |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <next-thread>              | ^N          | jump to the next thread     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <next-subthread>           | Esc n       | jump to the next subthread  |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <query>                    | Q           | query external program for  |
   |                            |             | addresses                   |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <quit>                     | q           | save changes to mailbox and |
   |                            |             | quit                        |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <reply>                    | r           | reply to a message          |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <show-limit>               | Esc l       | show currently active limit |
   |                            |             | pattern                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <sort-mailbox>             | o           | sort messages               |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <sort-reverse>             | O           | sort messages in reverse    |
   |                            |             | order                       |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <print-message>            | p           | print the current entry     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <previous-thread>          | ^P          | jump to previous thread     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <previous-subthread>       | Esc p       | jump to previous subthread  |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <recall-message>           | R           | recall a postponed message  |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <read-thread>              | ^R          | mark the current thread as  |
   |                            |             | read                        |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <read-subthread>           | Esc r       | mark the current subthread  |
   |                            |             | as read                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <resend-message>           | Esc e       | use the current message as  |
   |                            |             | a template for a new one    |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <save-message>             | s           | save message/attachment to  |
   |                            |             | a mailbox/file              |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <tag-pattern>              | T           | tag messages matching a     |
   |                            |             | pattern                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <tag-subthread>            |             | tag the current subthread   |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <tag-thread>               | Esc t       | tag the current thread      |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <untag-pattern>            | ^T          | untag messages matching a   |
   |                            |             | pattern                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <undelete-message>         | u           | undelete the current entry  |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <undelete-pattern>         | U           | undelete messages matching  |
   |                            |             | a pattern                   |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <undelete-subthread>       | Esc u       | undelete all messages in    |
   |                            |             | subthread                   |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <undelete-thread>          | ^U          | undelete all messages in    |
   |                            |             | thread                      |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <view-attachments>         | v           | show MIME attachments       |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <show-version>             | V           | show the Mutt version       |
   |                            |             | number and date             |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <set-flag>                 | w           | set a status flag on a      |
   |                            |             | message                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <clear-flag>               | W           | clear a status flag from a  |
   |                            |             | message                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <display-message>          | <Return>    | display a message           |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <buffy-list>               | .           | list mailboxes with new     |
   |                            |             | mail                        |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <sync-mailbox>             | $           | save changes to mailbox     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <display-address>          | @           | display full address of     |
   |                            |             | sender                      |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <pipe-message>             | |           | pipe message/attachment to  |
   |                            |             | a shell command             |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <next-new>                 |             | jump to the next new        |
   |                            |             | message                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <next-new-then-unread>     | <Tab>       | jump to the next new or     |
   |                            |             | unread message              |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <previous-new>             |             | jump to the previous new    |
   |                            |             | message                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <previous-new-then-unread> | Esc <Tab>   | jump to the previous new or |
   |                            |             | unread message              |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <next-unread>              |             | jump to the next unread     |
   |                            |             | message                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <previous-unread>          |             | jump to the previous unread |
   |                            |             | message                     |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <parent-message>           | P           | jump to parent message in   |
   |                            |             | thread                      |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <extract-keys>             | ^K          | extract supported public    |
   |                            |             | keys                        |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <forget-passphrase>        | ^F          | wipe passphrase(s) from     |
   |                            |             | memory                      |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <check-traditional-pgp>    | Esc P       | check for classic PGP       |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <mail-key>                 | Esc k       | mail a PGP public key       |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <decrypt-copy>             |             | make decrypted copy         |
   |----------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------|
   | <decrypt-save>             |             | make decrypted copy and     |
   |                            |             | delete                      |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

  4.3. Pager Menu

   Table 9.4. Default Pager Menu Bindings

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |         Function         | Default key |          Description          |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <break-thread>           | #           | break the thread in two       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <create-alias>           | a           | create an alias from a        |
   |                          |             | message sender                |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <bounce-message>         | b           | remail a message to another   |
   |                          |             | user                          |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <change-folder>          | c           | open a different folder       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <change-folder-readonly> | Esc c       | open a different folder in    |
   |                          |             | read only mode                |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <next-unread-mailbox>    |             | open next mailbox with new    |
   |                          |             | mail                          |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <copy-message>           | C           | copy a message to a           |
   |                          |             | file/mailbox                  |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <decode-copy>            | Esc C       | make decoded (text/plain)     |
   |                          |             | copy                          |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <delete-message>         | d           | delete the current entry      |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <delete-thread>          | ^D          | delete all messages in thread |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <delete-subthread>       | Esc d       | delete all messages in        |
   |                          |             | subthread                     |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <set-flag>               | w           | set a status flag on a        |
   |                          |             | message                       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <clear-flag>             | W           | clear a status flag from a    |
   |                          |             | message                       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <edit>                   | e           | edit the raw message          |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <edit-type>              | ^E          | edit attachment content type  |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <forward-message>        | f           | forward a message with        |
   |                          |             | comments                      |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <flag-message>           | F           | toggle a message's            |
   |                          |             | 'important' flag              |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <group-reply>            | g           | reply to all recipients       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <imap-fetch-mail>        |             | force retrieval of mail from  |
   |                          |             | IMAP server                   |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <imap-logout-all>        |             | logout from all IMAP servers  |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <display-toggle-weed>    | h           | display message and toggle    |
   |                          |             | header weeding                |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <next-undeleted>         | j           | move to the next undeleted    |
   |                          |             | message                       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <next-entry>             | J           | move to the next entry        |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <previous-undeleted>     | k           | move to the previous          |
   |                          |             | undeleted message             |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <previous-entry>         | K           | move to the previous entry    |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <link-threads>           | &           | link tagged message to the    |
   |                          |             | current one                   |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <list-reply>             | L           | reply to specified mailing    |
   |                          |             | list                          |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <redraw-screen>          | ^L          | clear and redraw the screen   |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <mail>                   | m           | compose a new mail message    |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <mark-as-new>            | N           | toggle a message's 'new' flag |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <search-next>            | n           | search for next match         |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <next-thread>            | ^N          | jump to the next thread       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <next-subthread>         | Esc n       | jump to the next subthread    |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <sort-mailbox>           | o           | sort messages                 |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <sort-reverse>           | O           | sort messages in reverse      |
   |                          |             | order                         |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <print-message>          | p           | print the current entry       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <previous-thread>        | ^P          | jump to previous thread       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <previous-subthread>     | Esc p       | jump to previous subthread    |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <quit>                   | Q           | save changes to mailbox and   |
   |                          |             | quit                          |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <exit>                   | q           | exit this menu                |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <reply>                  | r           | reply to a message            |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <recall-message>         | R           | recall a postponed message    |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <read-thread>            | ^R          | mark the current thread as    |
   |                          |             | read                          |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <read-subthread>         | Esc r       | mark the current subthread as |
   |                          |             | read                          |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <resend-message>         | Esc e       | use the current message as a  |
   |                          |             | template for a new one        |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <save-message>           | s           | save message/attachment to a  |
   |                          |             | mailbox/file                  |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <skip-quoted>            | S           | skip beyond quoted text       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <decode-save>            | Esc s       | make decoded copy             |
   |                          |             | (text/plain) and delete       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <tag-message>            | t           | tag the current entry         |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <toggle-quoted>          | T           | toggle display of quoted text |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <undelete-message>       | u           | undelete the current entry    |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <undelete-subthread>     | Esc u       | undelete all messages in      |
   |                          |             | subthread                     |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <undelete-thread>        | ^U          | undelete all messages in      |
   |                          |             | thread                        |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <view-attachments>       | v           | show MIME attachments         |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <show-version>           | V           | show the Mutt version number  |
   |                          |             | and date                      |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <search-toggle>          | \\          | toggle search pattern         |
   |                          |             | coloring                      |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <display-address>        | @           | display full address of       |
   |                          |             | sender                        |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <next-new>               |             | jump to the next new message  |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <pipe-message>           | |           | pipe message/attachment to a  |
   |                          |             | shell command                 |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <help>                   | ?           | this screen                   |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <next-page>              | <Space>     | move to the next page         |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <previous-page>          | -           | move to the previous page     |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <top>                    | ^           | jump to the top of the        |
   |                          |             | message                       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <sync-mailbox>           | $           | save changes to mailbox       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <shell-escape>           | !           | invoke a command in a         |
   |                          |             | subshell                      |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <enter-command>          | :           | enter a muttrc command        |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <buffy-list>             | .           | list mailboxes with new mail  |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <search>                 | /           | search for a regular          |
   |                          |             | expression                    |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <search-reverse>         | Esc /       | search backwards for a        |
   |                          |             | regular expression            |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <search-opposite>        |             | search for next match in      |
   |                          |             | opposite direction            |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <next-line>              | <Return>    | scroll down one line          |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <jump>                   |             | jump to an index number       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <next-unread>            |             | jump to the next unread       |
   |                          |             | message                       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <previous-new>           |             | jump to the previous new      |
   |                          |             | message                       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <previous-unread>        |             | jump to the previous unread   |
   |                          |             | message                       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <half-up>                |             | scroll up 1/2 page            |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <half-down>              |             | scroll down 1/2 page          |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <previous-line>          |             | scroll up one line            |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <bottom>                 |             | jump to the bottom of the     |
   |                          |             | message                       |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <parent-message>         | P           | jump to parent message in     |
   |                          |             | thread                        |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <check-traditional-pgp>  | Esc P       | check for classic PGP         |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <mail-key>               | Esc k       | mail a PGP public key         |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <extract-keys>           | ^K          | extract supported public keys |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <forget-passphrase>      | ^F          | wipe passphrase(s) from       |
   |                          |             | memory                        |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <decrypt-copy>           |             | make decrypted copy           |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <decrypt-save>           |             | make decrypted copy and       |
   |                          |             | delete                        |
   |--------------------------+-------------+-------------------------------|
   | <what-key>               |             | display the keycode for a key |
   |                          |             | press                         |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

  4.4. Alias Menu

   Table 9.5. Default Alias Menu Bindings

   +-------------------------------------------------------------+
   |     Function     | Default key |        Description         |
   |------------------+-------------+----------------------------|
   | <delete-entry>   | d           | delete the current entry   |
   |------------------+-------------+----------------------------|
   | <undelete-entry> | u           | undelete the current entry |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------+

  4.5. Query Menu

   Table 9.6. Default Query Menu Bindings

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |    Function    | Default key |               Description               |
   |----------------+-------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | <create-alias> | a           | create an alias from a message sender   |
   |----------------+-------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | <mail>         | m           | compose a new mail message              |
   |----------------+-------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | <query>        | Q           | query external program for addresses    |
   |----------------+-------------+-----------------------------------------|
   | <query-append> | A           | append new query results to current     |
   |                |             | results                                 |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

  4.6. Attachment Menu

   Table 9.7. Default Attachment Menu Bindings

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |        Function         | Default key |          Description           |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <bounce-message>        | b           | remail a message to another    |
   |                         |             | user                           |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <display-toggle-weed>   | h           | display message and toggle     |
   |                         |             | header weeding                 |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <edit-type>             | ^E          | edit attachment content type   |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <print-entry>           | p           | print the current entry        |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <save-entry>            | s           | save message/attachment to a   |
   |                         |             | mailbox/file                   |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <pipe-entry>            | |           | pipe message/attachment to a   |
   |                         |             | shell command                  |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <view-mailcap>          | m           | force viewing of attachment    |
   |                         |             | using mailcap                  |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <reply>                 | r           | reply to a message             |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <resend-message>        | Esc e       | use the current message as a   |
   |                         |             | template for a new one         |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <group-reply>           | g           | reply to all recipients        |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <list-reply>            | L           | reply to specified mailing     |
   |                         |             | list                           |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <forward-message>       | f           | forward a message with         |
   |                         |             | comments                       |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <view-text>             | T           | view attachment as text        |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <view-attach>           | <Return>    | view attachment using mailcap  |
   |                         |             | entry if necessary             |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <delete-entry>          | d           | delete the current entry       |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <undelete-entry>        | u           | undelete the current entry     |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <collapse-parts>        | v           | Toggle display of subparts     |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <check-traditional-pgp> | Esc P       | check for classic PGP          |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <extract-keys>          | ^K          | extract supported public keys  |
   |-------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------|
   | <forget-passphrase>     | ^F          | wipe passphrase(s) from memory |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

  4.7. Compose Menu

   Table 9.8. Default Compose Menu Bindings

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |       Function        | Default key |           Description            |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <attach-file>         | a           | attach file(s) to this message   |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <attach-message>      | A           | attach message(s) to this        |
   |                       |             | message                          |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-bcc>            | b           | edit the BCC list                |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-cc>             | c           | edit the CC list                 |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <copy-file>           | C           | save message/attachment to a     |
   |                       |             | mailbox/file                     |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <detach-file>         | D           | delete the current entry         |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <toggle-disposition>  | ^D          | toggle disposition between       |
   |                       |             | inline/attachment                |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-description>    | d           | edit attachment description      |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-message>        | e           | edit the message                 |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-headers>        | E           | edit the message with headers    |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-file>           | ^X e        | edit the file to be attached     |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-encoding>       | ^E          | edit attachment                  |
   |                       |             | transfer-encoding                |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-from>           | Esc f       | edit the from field              |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-fcc>            | f           | enter a file to save a copy of   |
   |                       |             | this message in                  |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <filter-entry>        | F           | filter attachment through a      |
   |                       |             | shell command                    |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <get-attachment>      | G           | get a temporary copy of an       |
   |                       |             | attachment                       |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <display-toggle-weed> | h           | display message and toggle       |
   |                       |             | header weeding                   |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <ispell>              | i           | run ispell on the message        |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <print-entry>         | l           | print the current entry          |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-mime>           | m           | edit attachment using mailcap    |
   |                       |             | entry                            |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <new-mime>            | n           | compose new attachment using     |
   |                       |             | mailcap entry                    |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <postpone-message>    | P           | save this message to send later  |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-reply-to>       | r           | edit the Reply-To field          |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <rename-file>         | R           | rename/move an attached file     |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-subject>        | s           | edit the subject of this message |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-to>             | t           | edit the TO list                 |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <edit-type>           | ^T          | edit attachment content type     |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <write-fcc>           | w           | write the message to a folder    |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <toggle-unlink>       | u           | toggle whether to delete file    |
   |                       |             | after sending it                 |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <toggle-recode>       |             | toggle recoding of this          |
   |                       |             | attachment                       |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <update-encoding>     | U           | update an attachment's encoding  |
   |                       |             | info                             |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <view-attach>         | <Return>    | view attachment using mailcap    |
   |                       |             | entry if necessary               |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <send-message>        | y           | send the message                 |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <pipe-entry>          | |           | pipe message/attachment to a     |
   |                       |             | shell command                    |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <attach-key>          | Esc k       | attach a PGP public key          |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <pgp-menu>            | p           | show PGP options                 |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <forget-passphrase>   | ^F          | wipe passphrase(s) from memory   |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <smime-menu>          | S           | show S/MIME options              |
   |-----------------------+-------------+----------------------------------|
   | <mix>                 | M           | send the message through a       |
   |                       |             | mixmaster remailer chain         |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

  4.8. Postpone Menu

   Table 9.9. Default Postpone Menu Bindings

   +-------------------------------------------------------------+
   |     Function     | Default key |        Description         |
   |------------------+-------------+----------------------------|
   | <delete-entry>   | d           | delete the current entry   |
   |------------------+-------------+----------------------------|
   | <undelete-entry> | u           | undelete the current entry |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------+

  4.9. Browser Menu

   Table 9.10. Default Browser Menu Bindings

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |      Function       | Default key |            Description             |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <change-dir>        | c           | change directories                 |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <display-filename>  | @           | display the currently selected     |
   |                     |             | file's name                        |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <enter-mask>        | m           | enter a file mask                  |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <sort>              | o           | sort messages                      |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <sort-reverse>      | O           | sort messages in reverse order     |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <select-new>        | N           | select a new file in this          |
   |                     |             | directory                          |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <check-new>         |             | check mailboxes for new mail       |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <toggle-mailboxes>  | <Tab>       | toggle whether to browse mailboxes |
   |                     |             | or all files                       |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <view-file>         | <Space>     | view file                          |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <buffy-list>        | .           | list mailboxes with new mail       |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <create-mailbox>    | C           | create a new mailbox (IMAP only)   |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <delete-mailbox>    | d           | delete the current mailbox (IMAP   |
   |                     |             | only)                              |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <rename-mailbox>    | r           | rename the current mailbox (IMAP   |
   |                     |             | only)                              |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <subscribe>         | s           | subscribe to current mailbox (IMAP |
   |                     |             | only)                              |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <unsubscribe>       | u           | unsubscribe from current mailbox   |
   |                     |             | (IMAP only)                        |
   |---------------------+-------------+------------------------------------|
   | <toggle-subscribed> | T           | toggle view all/subscribed         |
   |                     |             | mailboxes (IMAP only)              |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

  4.10. Pgp Menu

   Table 9.11. Default Pgp Menu Bindings

   +------------------------------------------------------+
   |   Function   | Default key |       Description       |
   |--------------+-------------+-------------------------|
   | <verify-key> | c           | verify a PGP public key |
   |--------------+-------------+-------------------------|
   | <view-name>  | %           | view the key's user id  |
   +------------------------------------------------------+

  4.11. Smime Menu

   Table 9.12. Default Smime Menu Bindings

   +------------------------------------------------------+
   |   Function   | Default key |       Description       |
   |--------------+-------------+-------------------------|
   | <verify-key> | c           | verify a PGP public key |
   |--------------+-------------+-------------------------|
   | <view-name>  | %           | view the key's user id  |
   +------------------------------------------------------+

  4.12. Mixmaster Menu

   Table 9.13. Default Mixmaster Menu Bindings

   +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |   Function   | Default key |               Description                |
   |--------------+-------------+------------------------------------------|
   | <accept>     | <Return>    | Accept the chain constructed             |
   |--------------+-------------+------------------------------------------|
   | <append>     | a           | Append a remailer to the chain           |
   |--------------+-------------+------------------------------------------|
   | <insert>     | i           | Insert a remailer into the chain         |
   |--------------+-------------+------------------------------------------|
   | <delete>     | d           | Delete a remailer from the chain         |
   |--------------+-------------+------------------------------------------|
   | <chain-prev> | <Left>      | Select the previous element of the chain |
   |--------------+-------------+------------------------------------------|
   | <chain-next> | <Right>     | Select the next element of the chain     |
   +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+

  4.13. Editor Menu

   Table 9.14. Default Editor Menu Bindings

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |     Function      | Default key |             Description              |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <bol>             | ^A          | jump to the beginning of the line    |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <backward-char>   | ^B          | move the cursor one character to the |
   |                   |             | left                                 |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <backward-word>   | Esc b       | move the cursor to the beginning of  |
   |                   |             | the word                             |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <capitalize-word> | Esc c       | capitalize the word                  |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <downcase-word>   | Esc l       | convert the word to lower case       |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <upcase-word>     | Esc u       | convert the word to upper case       |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <delete-char>     | ^D          | delete the char under the cursor     |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <eol>             | ^E          | jump to the end of the line          |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <forward-char>    | ^F          | move the cursor one character to the |
   |                   |             | right                                |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <forward-word>    | Esc f       | move the cursor to the end of the    |
   |                   |             | word                                 |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <backspace>       | <Backspace> | delete the char in front of the      |
   |                   |             | cursor                               |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <kill-eol>        | ^K          | delete chars from cursor to end of   |
   |                   |             | line                                 |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <kill-eow>        | Esc d       | delete chars from the cursor to the  |
   |                   |             | end of the word                      |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <kill-line>       | ^U          | delete all chars on the line         |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <quote-char>      | ^V          | quote the next typed key             |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <kill-word>       | ^W          | delete the word in front of the      |
   |                   |             | cursor                               |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <complete>        | <Tab>       | complete filename or alias           |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <complete-query>  | ^T          | complete address with query          |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <buffy-cycle>     | <Space>     | cycle among incoming mailboxes       |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <history-up>      |             | scroll up through the history list   |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <history-down>    |             | scroll down through the history list |
   |-------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------|
   | <transpose-chars> |             | transpose character under cursor     |
   |                   |             | with previous                        |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Chapter 10. Miscellany

   Table of Contents

   1. Acknowledgements

   2. About This Document

1. Acknowledgements

   Kari Hurtta <kari.hurtta@fmi.fi>  co-developed the  original MIME  parsing
   code back in the ELM-ME days.

   The following people have been very helpful to the development of Mutt:

     o Vikas Agnihotri <vikasa@writeme.com>

     o Francois Berjon <Francois.Berjon@aar.alcatel-alsthom.fr>

     o Aric Blumer <aric@fore.com>

     o John Capo <jc@irbs.com>

     o David Champion <dgc@uchicago.edu>

     o Brendan Cully <brendan@kublai.com>

     o Liviu Daia <daia@stoilow.imar.ro>

     o Thomas E. Dickey <dickey@herndon4.his.com>

     o David DeSimone <fox@convex.hp.com>

     o Nickolay N. Dudorov <nnd@wint.itfs.nsk.su>

     o Ruslan Ermilov <ru@freebsd.org>

     o Edmund Grimley Evans <edmundo@rano.org>

     o Michael Finken <finken@conware.de>

     o Sven Guckes <guckes@math.fu-berlin.de>

     o Lars Hecking <lhecking@nmrc.ie>

     o Mark Holloman <holloman@nando.net>

     o Andreas Holzmann <holzmann@fmi.uni-passau.de>

     o Marco d'Itri <md@linux.it>

     o Bjoern Jacke <bjacke@suse.com>

     o Byrial Jensen <byrial@image.dk>

     o David Jeske <jeske@igcom.net>

     o Christophe Kalt <kalt@hugo.int-evry.fr>

     o Tommi Komulainen <Tommi.Komulainen@iki.fi>

     o Felix von Leitner (a.k.a "Fefe") <leitner@math.fu-berlin.de>

     o Brandon Long <blong@fiction.net>

     o Jimmy Maekelae <jmy@flashback.net>

     o Lars Marowsky-Bree <lmb@pointer.in-minden.de>

     o Thomas "Mike" Michlmayr <mike@cosy.sbg.ac.at>

     o Andrew W. Nosenko <awn@bcs.zp.ua>

     o David O'Brien <obrien@Nuxi.cs.ucdavis.edu>

     o Clint Olsen <olsenc@ichips.intel.com>

     o Park Myeong Seok <pms@romance.kaist.ac.kr>

     o Thomas Parmelan <tom@ankh.fr.eu.org>

     o Ollivier Robert <roberto@keltia.freenix.fr>

     o Thomas Roessler <roessler@does-not-exist.org>

     o Roland Rosenfeld <roland@spinnaker.de>

     o Rocco Rutte <pdmef@gmx.net>

     o TAKIZAWA Takashi <taki@luna.email.ne.jp>

     o Allain Thivillon <Allain.Thivillon@alma.fr>

     o Gero Treuner <gero@70t.de>

     o Vsevolod Volkov <vvv@lucky.net>

     o Ken Weinert <kenw@ihs.com>

2. About This Document

   This document was written  in DocBook, and then  rendered using the  Gnome
   XSLT toolkit.
