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Date: Sat, 6 Mar 1999 13:05:03 -0500 (EST)
From: Thomas David Rivers <rivers@dignus.com>
Reply-To: rivers@dignus.com
To: FreeBSD-gnats-submit@freebsd.org
Subject: Unable to boot from hard-disk after install on 486dx-66
X-Send-Pr-Version: 3.2

>Number:         10433
>Category:       i386
>Synopsis:       After install, can't boot from wd0 - "System halted"
>Confidential:   no
>Severity:       critical
>Priority:       high
>Responsible:    rnordier
>State:          closed
>Quarter:        
>Keywords:       
>Date-Required:  
>Class:          sw-bug
>Submitter-Id:   current-users
>Arrival-Date:   Sat Mar  6 10:10:01 PST 1999
>Closed-Date:    Sun Mar 7 07:17:32 PST 1999
>Last-Modified:  Sun Mar  7 07:25:01 PST 1999
>Originator:     Thomas David Rivers
>Release:        FreeBSD 3.1-RELEASE i386
>Organization:
Dignus, LLC
>Environment:

	486dx-66 with 32 meg, IDE hard drive, Adaptect 1542 with no
	attached SCSI devices; monochrome graphics card (MGA) - circa 1995.

>Description:

	Installation via the 2-floppy method went without a hitch, but
	the machine cannot boot from the hard drive.  (This machine 
	was running 3.0-RELEASE before this.)

	On cold-boot from the IDE drive - a dump of some kind is produced
	followed by "System halted".  The text of the dump is (typed by hand):

	int=0000000e  err=00000006  efi=00010202  eip=0000102a
  	eax=00000012  ebs=00000000  ecs=0000a000  edx=00000000
	esi=00000000  edi=00000000  ebp=00094fe8  esp=00094fe4
  	cs=002b  ds=0033  es=0033  fs=0033  gs=0033 ss=0033
	cs:eip = f0 30 00 00 68 b0 30 00 - 00 e8 11 00 00 00 cd 31
	ss:esp = 1f 20 00 00 f8 4f 09 00 - df 10 00 00 12 00 00 00
	System halted


	At this point CNTRL-ALT-DEL restarts the machine, so
	it seems the boot loader hasn't really "started up" yet.

	Note, however, that booting from the floppy seems to work fine.
	As a work-around, I boot the mfs floppy and specify 
	    0:wd(0,a)/kernel -c
	at the boot prompt which lets me alter some ports/irqs and brings
	the machine up fine.

	I've tried rewriting the boot sector with FDISK/MBR - didn't
	help, and have turned off all caches, and boot the machine
	in "slow" mode... nothing helps.  (Again, the machine was
	running 3.0-RELEASE this morning, booting with no problem.)


	This is a critical problem for me - as the machine in question
	is the IP-gateway machine, etc...

>How-To-Repeat:

	This is a "toughy" to repeat - as I've done a 3.1 install on
	other 486s without problems...  

>Fix:
	


>Release-Note:
>Audit-Trail:
Responsible-Changed-From-To: freebsd-bugs->rnordier 
Responsible-Changed-By: rnordier 
Responsible-Changed-When: Sat Mar 6 15:38:09 PST 1999 
Responsible-Changed-Why:  
Apparently a new bootblocks problem. 

From: Robert Nordier <rnordier@nordier.com>
To: rivers@dignus.com
Cc: FreeBSD-gnats-submit@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: i386/10433: Unable to boot from hard-disk after install on 486dx-66
Date: Sun, 7 Mar 1999 02:48:43 +0200 (SAT)

 Thomas David Rivers wrote:
  
 > >Number:         10433
 > >Category:       i386
 > >Synopsis:       After install, can't boot from wd0 - "System halted"
 
 > >Release:        FreeBSD 3.1-RELEASE i386
 
 > >Environment:
 > 
 >         486dx-66 with 32 meg, IDE hard drive, Adaptect 1542 with no
 >         attached SCSI devices; monochrome graphics card (MGA) - circa 1995.
 > 
 > >Description:
 > 
 >         Installation via the 2-floppy method went without a hitch, but
 >         the machine cannot boot from the hard drive.  (This machine
 >         was running 3.0-RELEASE before this.)
 > 
 >         On cold-boot from the IDE drive - a dump of some kind is produced
 >         followed by "System halted".  The text of the dump is (typed by hand):
 > 
 >         int=0000000e  err=00000006  efi=00010202  eip=0000102a
 >         eax=00000012  ebs=00000000  ecs=0000a000  edx=00000000
 >         esi=00000000  edi=00000000  ebp=00094fe8  esp=00094fe4
 >         cs=002b  ds=0033  es=0033  fs=0033  gs=0033 ss=0033
 >         cs:eip = f0 30 00 00 68 b0 30 00 - 00 e8 11 00 00 00 cd 31
 >         ss:esp = 1f 20 00 00 f8 4f 09 00 - df 10 00 00 12 00 00 00
 >         System halted
 > 
 > 
 >         At this point CNTRL-ALT-DEL restarts the machine, so
 >         it seems the boot loader hasn't really "started up" yet.
 
 Thanks.  The register dump gives a fairly clear idea what is
 happening.  To track down why, it would be a help if you could send
 along the output of the following commands:
  
     fdisk wd0
     disklabel wd0
     dd if=/dev/rwd0 count=1
     dd if=/dev/rwd0s1 count=17   (assuming FreeBSD is slice 1)
 
 -- 
 Robert Nordier
 

From: Thomas David Rivers <rivers@dignus.com>
To: rivers@dignus.com, rnordier@nordier.com
Cc: FreeBSD-gnats-submit@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: i386/10433: Unable to boot from hard-disk after install on 486dx-66
Date: Sat, 6 Mar 1999 23:40:14 -0500 (EST)

 > Thanks.  The register dump gives a fairly clear idea what is
 > happening.  To track down why, it would be a help if you could send
 > along the output of the following commands:
 >  
 >     fdisk wd0
 >     disklabel wd0
 >     dd if=/dev/rwd0 count=1
 >     dd if=/dev/rwd0s1 count=17   (assuming FreeBSD is slice 1)
 > 
 > -- 
 > Robert Nordier
 > 
 
  Robert -
 
    What follows is the script(1) output from executing the
    following:
 
     fdisk wd0
     disklabel wd0
     dd if=/dev/rwd0 count=1 > /tmp/dd1
     uuencode /tmp/dd1 /tmp/dd1 
     dd if=/dev/rwd0s1 count=17   > /tmp/dd2
     uuencode /tmp/dd2 /tmp/dd2
 
   In order to e-mail the result of the two dd's, I've uuencoded
   them... you'll need to decode them at your end.
 
   I hope this helps - if there's anything I can do further, 
   don't hesitate to ask...
 
 	- Dave Rivers -
 
 
 Script started on Sat Mar  6 23:36:25 1999
 ponds# sh -x /tmp/d
 + fdisk wd0
 ******* Working on device /dev/rwd0 *******
 parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are:
 cylinders=3158 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl)
 
 Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1
 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are:
 cylinders=3158 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl)
 
 Media sector size is 512
 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1
 Information from DOS bootblock is:
 The data for partition 1 is:
 sysid 165,(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD)
     start 63, size 3183201 (1554 Meg), flag 80 (active)
 	beg: cyl 0/ sector 1/ head 1;
 	end: cyl 1023/ sector 63/ head 15
 The data for partition 2 is:
 <UNUSED>
 The data for partition 3 is:
 <UNUSED>
 The data for partition 4 is:
 <UNUSED>
 + disklabel wd0
 # /dev/rwd0c:
 type: ESDI
 disk: wd0s1
 label: 
 flags:
 bytes/sector: 512
 sectors/track: 63
 tracks/cylinder: 16
 sectors/cylinder: 1008
 cylinders: 3157
 sectors/unit: 3183201
 rpm: 3600
 interleave: 1
 trackskew: 0
 cylinderskew: 0
 headswitch: 0		# milliseconds
 track-to-track seek: 0	# milliseconds
 drivedata: 0 
 
 8 partitions:
 #        size   offset    fstype   [fsize bsize bps/cpg]
   a:   204800        0    4.2BSD     1024  8192    16 	# (Cyl.    0 - 203*)
   b:   512000   614400      swap                    	# (Cyl.  609*- 1117*)
   c:  3183201        0    unused        0     0       	# (Cyl.    0 - 3157*)
   e:   409600   204800    4.2BSD     1024  8192    16 	# (Cyl.  203*- 609*)
   f:   819200  1126400    4.2BSD     1024  8192    16 	# (Cyl. 1117*- 1930*)
   g:  1237601  1945600    4.2BSD     1024  8192    16 	# (Cyl. 1930*- 3157*)
 + dd if=/dev/rwd0 count=1
 1+0 records in
 1+0 records out
 512 bytes transferred in 0.012083 secs (42373 bytes/sec)
 + uuencode /tmp/dd1 /tmp/dd1
 begin 644 /tmp/dd1
 M^C/`CM"\`'R+]%`'4!_[_+\`!KD``?*EZAT&``"^O@>S!(`\@'0.@#P`=1R#
 MQA#^RW7OS1B+%(M,`HON@\80_LMT&H`\`'3TOHL&K#P`=`M6NP<`M`[-$%[K
 M\.O^OP4`NP!\N`$"5\T37W,,,\#-$T]U[;ZC!NO3OL(&O_Y]@3U5JG7'B_7J
 M`'P``$EN=F%L:60@<&%R=&ET:6]N('1A8FQE`$5R<F]R(&QO861I;F<@;W!E
 M<F%T:6YG('-Y<W1E;0!-:7-S:6YG(&]P97)A=&EN9R!S>7-T96T`````````
 M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
 M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
 M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
 M````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
 M``````````````````````````````````````````````````````"``0$`
 MI0___S\```!ADC``````````````````````````````````````````````
 1````````````````````5:H`
 `
 end
 + dd if=/dev/rwd0s1 count=17
 17+0 records in
 17+0 records out
 8704 bytes transferred in 0.042108 secs (206707 bytes/sec)
 + uuencode /tmp/dd2 /tmp/dd2
 begin 644 /tmp/dd2
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 `
 end
 ponds# ^Dexit
 
 Script done on Sat Mar  6 23:36:30 1999
 
 
 
 

From: Robert Nordier <rnordier@nordier.com>
To: rivers@dignus.com (Thomas David Rivers)
Cc: rivers@dignus.com, rnordier@nordier.com,
	FreeBSD-gnats-submit@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: i386/10433: Unable to boot from hard-disk after install on 486dx-66
Date: Sun, 7 Mar 1999 13:25:21 +0200 (SAT)

 > > Thanks.  The register dump gives a fairly clear idea what is
 > > happening.  To track down why, it would be a help if you could send
 > > along the output of the following commands:
 > >  
 > >     fdisk wd0
 > >     disklabel wd0
 > >     dd if=/dev/rwd0 count=1
 > >     dd if=/dev/rwd0s1 count=17   (assuming FreeBSD is slice 1)
 > > 
 > > -- 
 > > Robert Nordier
 > > 
 > 
 >  Robert -
 > 
 >    What follows is the script(1) output from executing the
 >    following:
 > 
 >     fdisk wd0
 >     disklabel wd0
 >     dd if=/dev/rwd0 count=1 > /tmp/dd1
 >     uuencode /tmp/dd1 /tmp/dd1 
 >     dd if=/dev/rwd0s1 count=17   > /tmp/dd2
 >     uuencode /tmp/dd2 /tmp/dd2
 > 
 >   In order to e-mail the result of the two dd's, I've uuencoded
 >   them... you'll need to decode them at your end.
 > 
 >   I hope this helps - if there's anything I can do further, 
 >   don't hesitate to ask...
 > 
 >       - Dave Rivers -
 > 
 
 Thanks for the data.  The dump of the bootblocks shows the immediate
 cause of the problem (why you're getting the exception), though what
 the ultimate cause is (how the bootblocks got that way) is still an
 open question.  Something decidedly weird seems to have happened when
 the bootblocks were installed.
 
 The following is a comparision of the 3.1R boot2, and one that was
 reconstructed from the dd output you supplied:
     
     Lines marked A are correct.  Lines marked B are how the boot2
     supplied by Dave Rivers differs:
     
     A   00001880  8a 02 38 01 74 f4 0f b6 12 0f b6 01 29 c2 89 d0
     A   00001890  c9 c2 08 00 55 89 e5 83 3d 20 2a 00 00 00 75 1f
     A   000018a0  8b 15 e8 30 00 00 89 d0 03 05 f4 30 00 00 05 ff
     
     A   000018b0  ff 00 00 25 00 00 ff ff 29 d0 a3 20 2a 00 00 a1
     B   000018b0  ff 00 00 25 00 25 00 00 ff ff 29 d0 a3 20 2a 00
                                  -----
     
                                                             -----
     A   000019f0  05 b0 30 00 00 00 00 04 00 83 c4 08 f6 05 d8 30
     B   000019f0  ff c7 05 b0 30 00 00 00 00 04 00 83 c4 08 f6 05
     
     A   00001a00  00 00 01 75 04 31 c0 eb 18 57 0f b6 05 c9 30 00
     A   00001a10  00 50 68 ed 23 00 00 e8 be fc ff ff b8 ff ff ff
     A   00001a20  ff 8d 65 f4 5b 5e 5f c9 c2 0c 00 55 89 e5 56 53
     
     At offset 0x18b5, two bytes are duplicated (0x25 0x00); and at
     offset 0x19ff, two bytes are deleted (0xd8 0x30).  All code
     between these two addresses is displaced by +2 bytes.
 
 To fix this, check that /boot/boot[12] match up to the following
 (taken from 3.1R bin.mtree):
 
     boot1   size=512 md5digest=37d1410d99698dc4c7aa8ae5284f0746
     boot2   size=7680 md5digest=645a549670acaa3f48cea1706c0e3a79
 
 and then do a
 
     disklabel -B wd0
 
 and see if the machine boots from wd0.
 
 -- 
 Robert Nordier
 

From: Thomas David Rivers <rivers@dignus.com>
To: rivers@dignus.com, rnordier@nordier.com
Cc: FreeBSD-gnats-submit@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: i386/10433: Unable to boot from hard-disk after install on 486dx-66
Date: Sun, 7 Mar 1999 08:40:50 -0500 (EST)

 > > > Thanks.  The register dump gives a fairly clear idea what is
 > > > happening.  To track down why, it would be a help if you could send
 > > > along the output of the following commands:
 > > >  
 > > >     fdisk wd0
 > > >     disklabel wd0
 > > >     dd if=/dev/rwd0 count=1
 > > >     dd if=/dev/rwd0s1 count=17   (assuming FreeBSD is slice 1)
 > > > 
 > > > -- 
 > > > Robert Nordier
 > > > 
 > > 
 > >  Robert -
 > > 
 > >    What follows is the script(1) output from executing the
 > >    following:
 > > 
 > >     fdisk wd0
 > >     disklabel wd0
 > >     dd if=/dev/rwd0 count=1 > /tmp/dd1
 > >     uuencode /tmp/dd1 /tmp/dd1 
 > >     dd if=/dev/rwd0s1 count=17   > /tmp/dd2
 > >     uuencode /tmp/dd2 /tmp/dd2
 > > 
 > >   In order to e-mail the result of the two dd's, I've uuencoded
 > >   them... you'll need to decode them at your end.
 > > 
 > >   I hope this helps - if there's anything I can do further, 
 > >   don't hesitate to ask...
 > > 
 > >       - Dave Rivers -
 > > 
 > 
 > Thanks for the data.  The dump of the bootblocks shows the immediate
 > cause of the problem (why you're getting the exception), though what
 > the ultimate cause is (how the bootblocks got that way) is still an
 > open question.  Something decidedly weird seems to have happened when
 > the bootblocks were installed.
 > 
 > The following is a comparision of the 3.1R boot2, and one that was
 > reconstructed from the dd output you supplied:
 >     
 >     Lines marked A are correct.  Lines marked B are how the boot2
 >     supplied by Dave Rivers differs:
 >     
 >     A   00001880  8a 02 38 01 74 f4 0f b6 12 0f b6 01 29 c2 89 d0
 >     A   00001890  c9 c2 08 00 55 89 e5 83 3d 20 2a 00 00 00 75 1f
 >     A   000018a0  8b 15 e8 30 00 00 89 d0 03 05 f4 30 00 00 05 ff
 >     
 >     A   000018b0  ff 00 00 25 00 00 ff ff 29 d0 a3 20 2a 00 00 a1
 >     B   000018b0  ff 00 00 25 00 25 00 00 ff ff 29 d0 a3 20 2a 00
 >                                  -----
 >     
 >                                                             -----
 >     A   000019f0  05 b0 30 00 00 00 00 04 00 83 c4 08 f6 05 d8 30
 >     B   000019f0  ff c7 05 b0 30 00 00 00 00 04 00 83 c4 08 f6 05
 >     
 >     A   00001a00  00 00 01 75 04 31 c0 eb 18 57 0f b6 05 c9 30 00
 >     A   00001a10  00 50 68 ed 23 00 00 e8 be fc ff ff b8 ff ff ff
 >     A   00001a20  ff 8d 65 f4 5b 5e 5f c9 c2 0c 00 55 89 e5 56 53
 >     
 >     At offset 0x18b5, two bytes are duplicated (0x25 0x00); and at
 >     offset 0x19ff, two bytes are deleted (0xd8 0x30).  All code
 >     between these two addresses is displaced by +2 bytes.
 > 
 
  Certainly seems a little odd..  And, I don't think it was the floppies,
 as I did two other installs from those same floppys...
 
 > To fix this, check that /boot/boot[12] match up to the following
 > (taken from 3.1R bin.mtree):
 > 
 >     boot1   size=512 md5digest=37d1410d99698dc4c7aa8ae5284f0746
 >     boot2   size=7680 md5digest=645a549670acaa3f48cea1706c0e3a79
 
  Mine matched...
 
 > 
 > and then do a
 > 
 >     disklabel -B wd0
 > 
 > and see if the machine boots from wd0.
 
  Yes - rewriting the boot blocks did correct the problem.  The machine
 is "self booting" now (no longer needs the floppy.)
 
  As you point out, however, it's a mystery as to how the boot blocks
 got so "kerflunkered"... and in such a strange way.   I mean, if a
 couple of bytes had been corrupted, one would be tempted to blame
 the disk hardware - but to be copied & offset by 2 - seems like something
 might be amis in the IDE driver...
 
  Thanks for all your help in getting this machine up-and-running again!
 It's my gateway-to-the-internet machine, without which, my company would
 be quite silent to the world...
 
 	- Dave Rivers -
 
 
State-Changed-From-To: open->closed 
State-Changed-By: rnordier 
State-Changed-When: Sun Mar 7 07:17:32 PST 1999 
State-Changed-Why:  
From data supplied by the originator, it is apparent that the bootblocks 
were corrupted (apparently by some unknown bug or glitch during the 
install).  We'll have to wait for more data points to determine the 
actual cause of this. 
>Unformatted:
