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# Data Types

The modules described in this chapter provide a variety of specialized data types such as dates and times, fixed-type arrays, heap queues, synchronized queues, and sets.

Python also provides some built-in data types, in particular, `dict`, `list`, `set` and `frozenset`, and `tuple`. The `str` class is used to hold Unicode strings, and the `bytes` class is used to hold binary data.

The following modules are documented in this chapter:

- `datetime` — Basic date and time types
  - Available Types
  - `timedelta` Objects
  - `date` Objects
  - `datetime` Objects
  - `time` Objects
  - `tzinfo` Objects
  - `strftime()` Behavior
- `calendar` — General calendar-related functions
- `collections` — Container datatypes
  - ABCs - abstract base classes
  - `Counter` objects
  - `deque` objects
    - `deque` Recipes
  - `defaultdict` objects
    - `defaultdict` Examples
  - `namedtuple()` Factory Function for Tuples with Named Fields
  - `OrderedDict` objects
  - `UserDict` objects
  - `UserList` objects
  - `UserString` objects
- `heapq` — Heap queue algorithm
  - Theory
- `bisect` — Array bisection algorithm
  - Examples
- `array` — Efficient arrays of numeric values
- `sched` — Event scheduler
  - Scheduler Objects
- `queue` — A synchronized queue class
  - Queue Objects
- `weakref` — Weak references
  - Weak Reference Objects
  - Example
- `types` — Names for built-in types
- `copy` — Shallow and deep copy operations
- `pprint` — Data pretty printer
  - PrettyPrinter Objects
  - pprint Example
- `reprlib` — Alternate `repr()` implementation
  - Repr Objects
  - Subclassing Repr Objects

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