.EQ delim $$ .EN .sp 0.25i \fBTitle\fP .ce Oa741: 741 Op Amp Input Stage .sp 0.25i \fBDescription\f .sp 0.25i .P A differential input stage similar to that used in the 741 operational amplifier described in chapter six of the standard text: \fIAnalysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits\fP, (Paul Grey and Robert Meyer, John Wiley and Sons). .P All transistors are of the same size. The bias point at the output node ([22]) is sensitive to the output conductance $g sub o$ of transistors Q5 and Q6. A transistor with a default value of $ g sub o ~=~ 0$ does not incorporate the Early effect. A small, but finite, $g sub o$ has been incorporated by shunting the collector and the emitter of these two transistors with a large value resistor RVA=1e9. As voltage VPOS increases from zero, the output node voltage v[22] should drop and quickly reach a saturated value almost at the negative rail. It is of particular interest to see whether an operating algorithm can perform a DC transfer curve, stepping VPOS through the transition region. There should be no difficulty obtaining convergence with VPOS set so that node v[22] is at either extreme, i.e., at about -0.5 volts or at the negative rail. More difficulty may be observed in getting an operating point at which Q4 and Q6 are well in the active region. In this linear region, voltage v[22] should be somewhere between the extremes mentioned above, say -5.0 <= v[22] <= -11.0. In our implementation, this occurs with VPOS at about 350 micro-volts. The DC gain of this stage is huge, so small steps (a few micro-volts) may be necessary to get into the non-saturated region. .sp 0.25i \fBDescription of successful operating point computation, if available\fP .P With a homotopy method we have been able to obtain the transfer characteristic VPOS vs. v[22], even over the the extremely steep transition region. A perturbation test in the linear regions allows us to estimate the open-loop DC gain of this stage; the results agree with a hand calculation of the small signal gain. .bp .sp 0.25i \fBSPICE file\fP .DS I \f(CW *-- 741 input bias circuit -- * * All transistors are the same size; Default parameters are * suitable for both the n and p models. * In order to really exercise the circuit, sweep VPOS * in small(!) increments around 0, and monitor the output * node 22 . * Q1 4 96 11 n Q2 4 95 12 n Q3 21 5 11 p Q4 22 5 12 p Q5 21 3 61 n * * these resistors mimic the Early effect RVA5 21 61 1.0e9 RVA6 22 62 1.0e9 * Q6 22 3 62 n Q7 99 21 3 n Q9 5 4 99 p Q10 5 11 7 n Q11 11 11 98 * Q8 is diode connected Q8 4 4 99 p * R1 61 98 1k R3 62 98 1k R2 3 98 50k R4 7 98 5k R5 11 99 39k * VNEG 95 0 0.0 * * adjust parameter VNEG to put circuit in * active region * VPOS 96 0 350u * * VP 99 0 15.0 VN 98 0 -15.0 * \&.end\fP .DE .bp .sp 0.25i .PS Q9:[B:box ht 1.4 wid 1.4; "\f(CWQ9\fP" at B.nw+(0.05,-0.3) ljust; C:(12/14); E:(12/14); line from (3/14) to (11/14); line from (5/14) to B.c; "\s-4\f(CW -1.263" ljust at B.ne+(-0.5,-0.03); "+15.000" ljust at B.se+(-0.5,0.05); "+14.352" ljust at B.w; "-18.04u" ljust at B.ne+(-1.1,-0.1); "+18.41u" ljust at B.se+(-1.1,0.05); "-368.16n\s+4\fP" ljust at B.w+(0.05,-0.3); "\s-4( 49.000)\s+4" ljust at B.c+(0.1,0); line from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); line <- from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); box invis ht 1.5 wid 1.5 with .c at B.c;]; Q8:[B:box ht 1.4 wid 1.4; "\f(CWQ8\fP" at B.nw+(0.05,-0.3) ljust; C:(12/14); E:(12/14); line from (3/14) to (11/14); line from (5/14) to B.c; "\s-4\f(CW+14.352" ljust at B.ne+(-0.5,-0.03); "+15.000" ljust at B.se+(-0.5,0.05); "+14.352" ljust at B.w; "-18.04u" ljust at B.ne+(-1.1,-0.1); "+18.41u" ljust at B.se+(-1.1,0.05); "-368.16n\s+4\fP" ljust at B.w+(0.05,-0.3); "\s-4( 49.000)\s+4" ljust at B.c+(0.1,0); line from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); line <- from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); box invis ht 1.5 wid 1.5 with .c at B.c;] with .w at Q9.e; Q1:[B:box ht 1.4 wid 1.4; "\f(CWQ1\fP" at B.nw+(0.05,-0.3) ljust; C:(12/14); E:(12/14); line from (3/14) to (11/14); line from (5/14) to B.c; "\s-4\f(CW+14.352" ljust at B.ne+(-0.5,-0.03); " -0.631" ljust at B.se+(-0.5,0.05); " +0.000" ljust at B.w; " +9.42u" ljust at B.ne+(-1.1,-0.1); " -9.47u" ljust at B.se+(-1.1,0.05); "+47.35n\s+4\fP" ljust at B.w+(0.05,-0.3); "\s-4( 199.000)\s+4" ljust at B.c+(0.1,0); line from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); line -> from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); box invis ht 1.5 wid 1.5 with .c at B.c;] with .n at Q9.s; Q2:[B:box ht 1.4 wid 1.4; "\f(CWQ2\fP" at B.nw+(0.05,-0.3) ljust; C:(12/14); E:(12/14); line from (3/14) to (11/14); line from (5/14) to B.c; "\s-4\f(CW+14.352" ljust at B.ne+(-0.5,-0.03); " -0.632" ljust at B.se+(-0.5,0.05); " +0.000" ljust at B.w; " +9.35u" ljust at B.ne+(-1.1,-0.1); " -9.40u" ljust at B.se+(-1.1,0.05); "+47.00n\s+4\fP" ljust at B.w+(0.05,-0.3); "\s-4( 199.000)\s+4" ljust at B.c+(0.1,0); line from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); line -> from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); box invis ht 1.5 wid 1.5 with .c at B.c;] with .w at Q1.e; Q3:[B:box ht 1.4 wid 1.4; "\f(CWQ3\fP" at B.nw+(0.05,-0.3) ljust; C:(12/14); E:(12/14); line from (3/14) to (11/14); line from (5/14) to B.c; "\s-4\f(CW-13.720" ljust at B.ne+(-0.5,-0.03); " -0.631" ljust at B.se+(-0.5,0.05); " -1.263" ljust at B.w; " -9.28u" ljust at B.ne+(-1.1,-0.1); " +9.47u" ljust at B.se+(-1.1,0.05); "-189.39n\s+4\fP" ljust at B.w+(0.05,-0.3); "\s-4( 49.000)\s+4" ljust at B.c+(0.1,0); line from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); line <- from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); box invis ht 1.5 wid 1.5 with .c at B.c;] with .n at Q1.s; Q4:[B:box ht 1.4 wid 1.4; "\f(CWQ4\fP" at B.nw+(0.05,-0.3) ljust; C:(12/14); E:(12/14); line from (3/14) to (11/14); line from (5/14) to B.c; "\s-4\f(CW-10.812" ljust at B.ne+(-0.5,-0.03); " -0.632" ljust at B.se+(-0.5,0.05); " -1.263" ljust at B.w; " -9.22u" ljust at B.ne+(-1.1,-0.1); " +9.41u" ljust at B.se+(-1.1,0.05); "-188.12n\s+4\fP" ljust at B.w+(0.05,-0.3); "\s-4( 49.000)\s+4" ljust at B.c+(0.1,0); line from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); line <- from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); box invis ht 1.5 wid 1.5 with .c at B.c;] with .w at Q3.e; Q7:[B:box ht 1.4 wid 1.4; "\f(CWQ7\fP" at B.nw+(0.05,-0.3) ljust; C:(12/14); E:(12/14); line from (3/14) to (11/14); line from (5/14) to B.c; "\s-4\f(CW+15.000" ljust at B.ne+(-0.5,-0.03); "-14.360" ljust at B.se+(-0.5,0.05); "-13.720" ljust at B.w; "+12.84u" ljust at B.ne+(-1.1,-0.1); "-12.90u" ljust at B.se+(-1.1,0.05); "+64.51n\s+4\fP" ljust at B.w+(0.05,-0.3); "\s-4( 199.000)\s+4" ljust at B.c+(0.1,0); line from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); line -> from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); box invis ht 1.5 wid 1.5 with .c at B.c;] with .n at Q3.s; Q11:[B:box ht 1.4 wid 1.4; "\f(CWQ11\fP" at B.nw+(0.05,-0.3) ljust; C:(12/14); E:(12/14); line from (3/14) to (11/14); line from (5/14) to B.c; "\s-4\f(CW-14.259" ljust at B.ne+(-0.5,-0.03); "-15.000" ljust at B.se+(-0.5,0.05); "-14.259" ljust at B.w; "+746.39u" ljust at B.ne+(-1.1,-0.1); "-750.14u" ljust at B.se+(-1.1,0.05); " +3.75u\s+4\fP" ljust at B.w+(0.05,-0.3); "\s-4( 199.000)\s+4" ljust at B.c+(0.1,0); line from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); line -> from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); box invis ht 1.5 wid 1.5 with .c at B.c;] with .n at Q7.s; Q10:[B:box ht 1.4 wid 1.4; "\f(CWQ10\fP" at B.nw+(0.05,-0.3) ljust; C:(12/14); E:(12/14); line from (3/14) to (11/14); line from (5/14) to B.c; "\s-4\f(CW -1.263" ljust at B.ne+(-0.5,-0.03); "-14.907" ljust at B.se+(-0.5,0.05); "-14.259" ljust at B.w; "+18.42u" ljust at B.ne+(-1.1,-0.1); "-18.51u" ljust at B.se+(-1.1,0.05); "+92.55n\s+4\fP" ljust at B.w+(0.05,-0.3); "\s-4( 199.000)\s+4" ljust at B.c+(0.1,0); line from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); line -> from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); box invis ht 1.5 wid 1.5 with .c at B.c;] with .w at Q11.e; Q5:[B:box ht 1.4 wid 1.4; "\f(CWQ5\fP" at B.nw+(0.05,-0.3) ljust; C:(12/14); E:(12/14); line from (3/14) to (11/14); line from (5/14) to B.c; "\s-4\f(CW-13.720" ljust at B.ne+(-0.5,-0.03); "-14.991" ljust at B.se+(-0.5,0.05); "-14.360" ljust at B.w; " +9.21u" ljust at B.ne+(-1.1,-0.1); " -9.26u" ljust at B.se+(-1.1,0.05); "+46.30n\s+4\fP" ljust at B.w+(0.05,-0.3); "\s-4( 199.000)\s+4" ljust at B.c+(0.1,0); line from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); line -> from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); box invis ht 1.5 wid 1.5 with .c at B.c;] with .w at Q10.e; Q6:[B:box ht 1.4 wid 1.4; "\f(CWQ6\fP" at B.nw+(0.05,-0.3) ljust; C:(12/14); E:(12/14); line from (3/14) to (11/14); line from (5/14) to B.c; "\s-4\f(CW-10.812" ljust at B.ne+(-0.5,-0.03); "-14.991" ljust at B.se+(-0.5,0.05); "-14.360" ljust at B.w; " +9.21u" ljust at B.ne+(-1.1,-0.1); " -9.26u" ljust at B.se+(-1.1,0.05); "+46.30n\s+4\fP" ljust at B.w+(0.05,-0.3); "\s-4( 199.000)\s+4" ljust at B.c+(0.1,0); line from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); line -> from (4/14) to (3/14); line from (1/14) to (3/14); box invis ht 1.5 wid 1.5 with .c at B.c;] with .w at Q5.e; .PE .DS \f(CW[62]: -14.99074 [61]: -14.99074 [3]: -14.35957 [22]: -10.81246 [5]: -1.26310 [21]: -13.72012 [12]: -0.63154 [11]: -0.63137 [4]: 14.35166 [7]: -14.90745 [11]: -14.25897 \fP .DE \&-------- PostScript ------------ %!PS-Adobe-1.0 %%Creator: HPF version 3.4 SUN4-P2 28 Feb 1990 %%CreationDate: Sun Nov 4 20:23:52 1990 %%Pages: 1 %%EndComments save /a{arc}def /c{0 360 arc}def /l{lineto}def /m{moveto}def /n{newpath}def /s{stroke}def /w{setlinewidth}def 0.240000 0.240000 scale 90 rotate 736.000000 -2385.000000 translate %%EndProlog %%Page: x0y0 1 gsave n 239 1064 m [] 0 setdash 2 w 239 1049 l s n 239 1127 m 239 1139 l s n 221 1073 m 4 w 239 1064 l s n 221 1103 m 257 1118 l 239 1127 l s n 221 1073 m 257 1088 l 221 1103 l s n 899 464 m 2 w 899 449 l s n 899 527 m 899 539 l s n 881 473 m 4 w 899 464 l s n 881 503 m 917 518 l 899 527 l s n 881 473 m 917 488 l 881 503 l s n 1499 464 m 2 w 1499 449 l s n 1499 527 m 1499 539 l s n 1481 473 m 4 w 1499 464 l s n 1481 503 m 1517 518 l 1499 527 l s n 1481 473 m 1517 488 l 1481 503 l s n 599 464 m 2 w 599 449 l s n 599 527 m 599 539 l s n 581 473 m 4 w 599 464 l s n 581 503 m 617 518 l 599 527 l s n 581 473 m 617 488 l 581 503 l s n 1259 464 m 2 w 1259 449 l s n 1259 527 m 1259 539 l s n 1241 473 m 4 w 1259 464 l s n 1241 503 m 1277 518 l 1259 527 l s n 1241 473 m 1277 488 l 1241 503 l s n 839 614 m 2 w 839 599 l s n 839 677 m 839 689 l s n 821 623 m 4 w 839 614 l s n 821 653 m 857 668 l 839 677 l s n 821 623 m 857 638 l 821 653 l s n 1559 614 m 2 w 1559 599 l s n 1559 677 m 1559 689 l s n 1541 623 m 4 w 1559 614 l s n 1541 653 m 1577 668 l 1559 677 l s n 1541 623 m 1577 638 l 1541 653 l s n 1453 703 m 1453 616 l s n 1455 703 m 1455 616 l s n 1454 659 m 2 w 1409 659 l s n 1454 629 m 1499 614 l 1481 608 l s n 1499 614 m 1486 631 l s n 1499 614 m 1499 599 l s n 1454 689 m 1499 704 l 1499 719 l s n 1153 853 m 4 w 1153 766 l s n 1155 853 m 1155 766 l s n 1154 809 m 2 w 1109 809 l s n 1154 779 m 1199 764 l 1181 758 l s n 1199 764 m 1186 781 l s n 1199 764 m 1199 749 l s n 1154 839 m 1199 854 l 1199 869 l s n 853 1333 m 4 w 853 1246 l s n 855 1333 m 855 1246 l s n 854 1289 m 2 w 809 1289 l s n 854 1259 m 899 1244 l 881 1238 l s n 899 1244 m 886 1261 l s n 899 1244 m 899 1229 l s n 854 1319 m 899 1334 l 899 1349 l s n 553 703 m 4 w 553 616 l s n 555 703 m 555 616 l s n 554 659 m 2 w 509 659 l s n 554 629 m 599 614 l 581 608 l s n 599 614 m 586 631 l s n 599 614 m 599 599 l s n 554 689 m 599 704 l 599 719 l s n 286 703 m 4 w 286 616 l s n 284 703 m 284 616 l s n 284 659 m 2 w 329 659 l s n 284 629 m 239 614 l 258 608 l s n 239 614 m 253 631 l s n 239 614 m 239 599 l s n 284 689 m 239 704 l 239 719 l s n 946 703 m 4 w 946 616 l s n 944 703 m 944 616 l s n 944 659 m 2 w 989 659 l s n 944 629 m 899 614 l 918 608 l s n 899 614 m 913 631 l s n 899 614 m 899 599 l s n 944 689 m 899 704 l 899 719 l s n 1546 1333 m 4 w 1546 1246 l s n 1544 1333 m 1544 1246 l s n 1544 1289 m 2 w 1589 1289 l s n 1544 1259 m 1499 1244 l 1518 1238 l s n 1499 1244 m 1513 1261 l s n 1499 1244 m 1499 1229 l s n 1544 1319 m 1499 1334 l 1499 1349 l s n 1454 1109 m 1409 1109 l s n 1457 1139 m 1477 1136 l s n 1454 1139 m 1471 1157 l s n 1453 1154 m 4 w 1453 1064 l s n 1454 1154 m 1454 1064 l s n 1454 1139 m 2 w 1499 1154 l 1499 1169 l s n 1454 1079 m 1499 1064 l 1499 1049 l s n 1304 1589 m 1259 1589 l s n 1307 1619 m 1327 1616 l s n 1304 1619 m 1321 1637 l s n 1303 1634 m 4 w 1303 1544 l s n 1304 1634 m 1304 1544 l s n 1304 1619 m 2 w 1349 1634 l 1349 1649 l s n 1304 1559 m 1349 1544 l 1349 1529 l s n 944 1109 m 989 1109 l s n 941 1139 m 922 1136 l s n 944 1139 m 928 1157 l s n 946 1154 m 4 w 946 1064 l s n 944 1154 m 944 1064 l s n 944 1139 m 2 w 899 1154 l 899 1169 l s n 944 1079 m 899 1064 l 899 1049 l s n 644 1589 m 689 1589 l s n 641 1619 m 622 1616 l s n 644 1619 m 628 1637 l s n 646 1634 m 4 w 646 1544 l s n 644 1634 m 644 1544 l s n 644 1619 m 2 w 599 1634 l 599 1649 l s n 644 1559 m 599 1544 l 599 1529 l s n 1709 1259 m 1709 1229 l s n 1691 1214 m 4 w 1727 1214 l s n 1700 1199 m 1718 1199 l s n 1679 1229 m 1739 1229 l s n 689 1259 m 2 w 689 1229 l s n 671 1214 m 4 w 707 1214 l s n 680 1199 m 698 1199 l s n 659 1229 m 719 1229 l s n 299 1157 m 2 w 302 1160 l 314 1160 l 317 1157 l 317 1154 l 314 1151 l 305 1151 l s n 299 1142 m 302 1139 l 314 1139 l 317 1142 l 317 1148 l 314 1151 l s n 323 1139 m 338 1139 l 341 1142 l 341 1157 l 338 1160 l 326 1160 l 323 1157 l 323 1151 l 326 1148 l 338 1148 l 341 1151 l s n 347 1151 m 356 1151 l 356 1148 l 365 1139 l s n 347 1139 m 347 1160 l s n 356 1151 m 365 1160 l s n 179 1139 m 179 1160 l 194 1160 l 197 1157 l 197 1151 l 194 1148 l 179 1148 l s n 197 1139 m 188 1148 l s n 221 1160 m 203 1160 l 203 1151 l 218 1151 l 221 1148 l 221 1142 l 218 1139 l 206 1139 l 203 1142 l s n 809 509 m 809 530 l 824 530 l 827 527 l 827 521 l 824 518 l 809 518 l s n 827 509 m 818 518 l s n 839 527 m 842 530 l 842 509 l s n 836 509 m 848 509 l s n 935 497 m 938 500 l 938 479 l s n 932 479 m 944 479 l s n 953 491 m 962 491 l 962 488 l 971 479 l s n 953 479 m 953 500 l s n 962 491 m 971 500 l s n 1529 539 m 1529 560 l 1544 560 l 1547 557 l 1547 551 l 1544 548 l 1529 548 l s n 1547 539 m 1538 548 l s n 1553 557 m 1556 560 l 1568 560 l 1571 557 l 1571 554 l 1568 551 l 1559 551 l s n 1553 542 m 1556 539 l 1568 539 l 1571 542 l 1571 548 l 1568 551 l s n 1535 497 m 1538 500 l 1538 479 l s n 1532 479 m 1544 479 l s n 1553 491 m 1562 491 l 1562 488 l 1571 479 l s n 1553 479 m 1553 500 l s n 1562 491 m 1571 500 l s n 629 539 m 629 560 l 644 560 l 647 557 l 647 551 l 644 548 l 629 548 l s n 647 539 m 638 548 l s n 671 545 m 653 545 l 668 560 l 668 539 l s n 647 500 m 629 500 l 629 491 l 644 491 l 647 488 l 647 482 l 644 479 l 632 479 l 629 482 l s n 653 491 m 662 491 l 662 488 l 671 479 l s n 653 479 m 653 500 l s n 662 491 m 671 500 l s n 1289 539 m 1289 560 l 1304 560 l 1307 557 l 1307 551 l 1304 548 l 1289 548 l s n 1307 539 m 1298 548 l s n 1331 539 m 1313 539 l 1313 542 l 1319 548 l 1328 548 l 1331 551 l 1331 557 l 1328 560 l 1316 560 l 1313 557 l s n 1307 500 m 1289 500 l 1289 491 l 1304 491 l 1307 488 l 1307 482 l 1304 479 l 1292 479 l 1289 482 l s n 1328 497 m 1313 482 l 1313 497 l 1316 500 l 1328 500 l 1331 497 l 1328 497 l s n 1313 482 m 1316 479 l 1328 479 l 1331 482 l 1331 497 l s n 1337 491 m 1346 491 l 1346 488 l 1355 479 l s n 1337 479 m 1337 500 l s n 1346 491 m 1355 500 l s n 719 659 m 719 680 l 734 680 l 737 677 l 737 671 l 734 668 l 719 668 l s n 737 659 m 728 668 l s n 743 680 m 743 668 l 752 659 l 761 668 l 761 680 l s n 767 659 m 767 674 l 773 680 l 779 680 l 785 674 l 785 659 l s n 767 668 m 785 668 l s n 809 680 m 791 680 l 791 671 l 806 671 l 809 668 l 809 662 l 806 659 l 794 659 l 791 662 l s n 1589 659 m 1589 680 l 1604 680 l 1607 677 l 1607 671 l 1604 668 l 1589 668 l s n 1607 659 m 1598 668 l s n 1613 680 m 1613 668 l 1622 659 l 1631 668 l 1631 680 l s n 1637 659 m 1637 674 l 1643 680 l 1649 680 l 1655 674 l 1655 659 l s n 1637 668 m 1655 668 l s n 1679 680 m 1664 680 l 1661 677 l 1661 662 l 1664 659 l 1676 659 l 1679 662 l 1679 668 l 1676 671 l 1664 671 l 1661 668 l s n 1427 719 m 1421 725 l s n 1409 734 m 1409 725 l 1415 719 l 1421 719 l 1427 725 l 1427 734 l 1421 740 l 1415 740 l 1409 734 l s n 1451 740 m 1436 740 l 1433 737 l 1433 722 l 1436 719 l 1448 719 l 1451 722 l 1451 728 l 1448 731 l 1436 731 l 1433 728 l s n 1127 869 m 1121 875 l s n 1109 884 m 1109 875 l 1115 869 l 1121 869 l 1127 875 l 1127 884 l 1121 890 l 1115 890 l 1109 884 l s n 1133 887 m 1133 890 l 1151 890 l 1151 887 l 1142 878 l 1142 869 l s n 827 1349 m 821 1355 l s n 809 1364 m 809 1355 l 815 1349 l 821 1349 l 827 1355 l 827 1364 l 821 1370 l 815 1370 l 809 1364 l s n 839 1367 m 842 1370 l 842 1349 l s n 836 1349 m 848 1349 l s n 497 719 m 491 725 l s n 479 734 m 479 725 l 485 719 l 491 719 l 497 725 l 497 734 l 491 740 l 485 740 l 479 734 l s n 509 737 m 512 740 l 512 719 l s n 506 719 m 518 719 l s n 542 737 m 527 722 l 527 737 l 530 740 l 542 740 l 545 737 l 542 737 l s n 527 722 m 530 719 l 542 719 l 545 722 l 545 737 l s n 167 689 m 161 695 l s n 149 704 m 149 695 l 155 689 l 161 689 l 167 695 l 167 704 l 161 710 l 155 710 l 149 704 l s n 179 707 m 182 710 l 182 689 l s n 176 689 m 188 689 l s n 203 707 m 206 710 l 206 689 l s n 200 689 m 212 689 l s n 977 719 m 971 725 l s n 959 734 m 959 725 l 965 719 l 971 719 l 977 725 l 977 734 l 971 740 l 965 740 l 959 734 l s n 1001 740 m 983 740 l 983 731 l 998 731 l 1001 728 l 1001 722 l 998 719 l 986 719 l 983 722 l s n 1577 1349 m 1571 1355 l s n 1559 1364 m 1559 1355 l 1565 1349 l 1571 1349 l 1577 1355 l 1577 1364 l 1571 1370 l 1565 1370 l 1559 1364 l s n 1601 1349 m 1583 1349 l 1583 1352 l 1589 1358 l 1598 1358 l 1601 1361 l 1601 1367 l 1598 1370 l 1586 1370 l 1583 1367 l s n 1427 1019 m 1421 1025 l s n 1409 1034 m 1409 1025 l 1415 1019 l 1421 1019 l 1427 1025 l 1427 1034 l 1421 1040 l 1415 1040 l 1409 1034 l s n 1451 1025 m 1433 1025 l 1448 1040 l 1448 1019 l s n 1277 1649 m 1271 1655 l s n 1259 1664 m 1259 1655 l 1265 1649 l 1271 1649 l 1277 1655 l 1277 1664 l 1271 1670 l 1265 1670 l 1259 1664 l s n 1283 1658 m 1283 1652 l 1286 1649 l 1298 1649 l 1301 1652 l 1301 1658 l 1298 1661 l 1286 1661 l 1283 1658 l s n 1286 1661 m 1283 1664 l 1283 1667 l 1286 1670 l 1298 1670 l 1301 1667 l 1301 1664 l 1298 1661 l s n 947 1019 m 941 1025 l s n 929 1034 m 929 1025 l 935 1019 l 941 1019 l 947 1025 l 947 1034 l 941 1040 l 935 1040 l 929 1034 l s n 953 1037 m 956 1040 l 968 1040 l 971 1037 l 971 1034 l 968 1031 l 959 1031 l s n 953 1022 m 956 1019 l 968 1019 l 971 1022 l 971 1028 l 968 1031 l s n 677 1649 m 671 1655 l s n 659 1664 m 659 1655 l 665 1649 l 671 1649 l 677 1655 l 677 1664 l 671 1670 l 665 1670 l 659 1664 l s n 683 1649 m 698 1649 l 701 1652 l 701 1667 l 698 1670 l 686 1670 l 683 1667 l 683 1661 l 686 1658 l 698 1658 l 701 1661 l s n 239 749 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 359 659 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 359 749 m 359 659 l s n 239 749 m 359 749 l s n 239 419 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 239 1799 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 239 1139 m 239 1799 l s n 239 719 m 239 749 l 239 1049 l s n 239 599 m 239 419 l s n 1349 1799 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 599 1799 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 1199 1589 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 1349 1439 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 1199 1439 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 599 1109 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 899 809 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 1259 659 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 1199 659 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 1499 419 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 1259 419 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 899 419 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 599 419 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 599 419 m 599 449 l s n 899 419 m 899 449 l s n 1259 419 m 1259 449 l s n 1499 419 m 1499 449 l s n 899 419 m 1259 419 l s n 899 749 m 899 719 l s n 899 809 m 899 749 l s n 899 1049 m 899 809 l s n 1499 749 m 1499 719 l s n 1499 899 m 1499 749 l s n 1499 1049 m 1499 899 l s n 899 569 m 899 539 l s n 899 599 m 899 569 l s n 1499 569 m 1499 599 l s n 1499 539 m 1499 569 l s n 1259 659 m 1409 659 l s n 1199 659 m 1259 659 l s n 989 659 m 1199 659 l s n 1109 809 m 899 809 l s n 599 1109 m 599 1529 l s n 599 1109 m 599 719 l s n 1409 1109 m 989 1109 l 599 1109 l s n 899 1229 m 899 1169 l s n 1499 1229 m 1499 1169 l s n 899 1349 m 899 1439 l s n 1199 1439 m 1349 1439 l s n 899 1439 m 1199 1439 l s n 1499 1439 m 1499 1349 l s n 1349 1529 m 1349 1439 l s n 1199 1589 m 1259 1589 l s n 689 1589 m 1199 1589 l s n 1349 1799 m 1649 1799 l s n 599 1799 m 1349 1799 l s n 149 1799 m 239 1799 l 599 1799 l s n 1259 419 m 1499 419 l s n 599 419 m 899 419 l s n 599 419 m 239 419 l 0 419 l s n 599 599 m 599 539 l s n 1199 1589 m 1199 1439 l s n 599 1649 m 599 1799 l s n 1349 1649 m 1349 1799 l s n 329 659 m 359 659 l 509 659 l s n 1031 467 m 1025 461 l 1025 455 l 1031 449 l s n 1043 470 m 1043 458 l 1052 449 l 1061 458 l 1061 470 l s n 1085 449 m 1067 449 l 1067 470 l 1085 470 l s n 1067 461 m 1076 461 l s n 1109 449 m 1091 449 l 1091 470 l 1109 470 l s n 1091 461 m 1100 461 l s n 1121 449 m 1127 455 l 1127 461 l 1121 467 l s n 1031 1787 m 1025 1781 l 1025 1775 l 1031 1769 l s n 1043 1790 m 1043 1778 l 1052 1769 l 1061 1778 l 1061 1790 l s n 1085 1772 m 1082 1769 l 1073 1769 l 1067 1775 l 1067 1784 l 1073 1790 l 1082 1790 l 1085 1787 l s n 1109 1772 m 1106 1769 l 1097 1769 l 1091 1775 l 1091 1784 l 1097 1790 l 1106 1790 l 1109 1787 l s n 1121 1769 m 1127 1775 l 1127 1781 l 1121 1787 l s n 1199 749 m 1199 659 l s n 1259 539 m 1259 659 l s n 1499 899 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 1139 959 m 1199 959 l s n 1199 869 m 1199 959 l s n 1199 959 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 1199 959 m 1259 959 l s n 1169 1010 m 1169 998 l 1178 989 l 1187 998 l 1187 1010 l s n 1211 992 m 1208 989 l 1199 989 l 1193 995 l 1193 1004 l 1199 1010 l 1208 1010 l 1211 1007 l s n 1235 992 m 1232 989 l 1223 989 l 1217 995 l 1217 1004 l 1223 1010 l 1232 1010 l 1235 1007 l s n 704 449 m 695 449 l 695 467 l 704 467 l s n 713 449 m 728 449 l 731 452 l 731 467 l 728 470 l 716 470 l 713 467 l 713 461 l 716 458 l 728 458 l 731 461 l s n 737 458 m 737 452 l 740 449 l 752 449 l 755 452 l 755 458 l 752 461 l 740 461 l 737 458 l s n 740 461 m 737 464 l 737 467 l 740 470 l 752 470 l 755 467 l 755 464 l 752 461 l s n 764 449 m 773 449 l 773 467 l 764 467 l s n 1499 569 m 1559 569 l 1559 599 l s n 1559 689 m 1559 749 l 1499 749 l s n 839 599 m 839 569 l 899 569 l s n 839 689 m 839 749 l 899 749 l s n 899 569 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 1499 569 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 899 749 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 1499 749 5 0.000000 359.912109 a fill s n 644 599 m 635 599 l 635 617 l 644 617 l s n 653 617 m 653 620 l 671 620 l 671 617 l 662 608 l 662 599 l s n 680 599 m 689 599 l 689 617 l 680 617 l s n 644 1019 m 635 1019 l 635 1037 l 644 1037 l s n 671 1040 m 653 1040 l 653 1031 l 668 1031 l 671 1028 l 671 1022 l 668 1019 l 656 1019 l 653 1022 l s n 680 1019 m 689 1019 l 689 1037 l 680 1037 l s n 1124 1469 m 1115 1469 l 1115 1487 l 1124 1487 l s n 1151 1475 m 1133 1475 l 1148 1490 l 1148 1469 l s n 1160 1469 m 1169 1469 l 1169 1487 l 1160 1487 l s n 944 1199 m 935 1199 l 935 1217 l 944 1217 l s n 959 1217 m 962 1220 l 962 1199 l s n 956 1199 m 968 1199 l s n 983 1217 m 986 1220 l 986 1199 l s n 980 1199 m 992 1199 l s n 1004 1199 m 1013 1199 l 1013 1217 l 1004 1217 l s n 1394 1199 m 1385 1199 l 1385 1217 l 1394 1217 l s n 1409 1217 m 1412 1220 l 1412 1199 l s n 1406 1199 m 1418 1199 l s n 1445 1199 m 1427 1199 l 1427 1202 l 1433 1208 l 1442 1208 l 1445 1211 l 1445 1217 l 1442 1220 l 1430 1220 l 1427 1217 l s n 1454 1199 m 1463 1199 l 1463 1217 l 1454 1217 l s n 794 899 m 785 899 l 785 917 l 794 917 l s n 821 899 m 803 899 l 803 902 l 809 908 l 818 908 l 821 911 l 821 917 l 818 920 l 806 920 l 803 917 l s n 833 917 m 836 920 l 836 899 l s n 830 899 m 842 899 l s n 854 899 m 863 899 l 863 917 l 854 917 l s n 1544 929 m 1535 929 l 1535 947 l 1544 947 l s n 1571 929 m 1553 929 l 1553 932 l 1559 938 l 1568 938 l 1571 941 l 1571 947 l 1568 950 l 1556 950 l 1553 947 l s n 1595 929 m 1577 929 l 1577 932 l 1583 938 l 1592 938 l 1595 941 l 1595 947 l 1592 950 l 1580 950 l 1577 947 l s n 1604 929 m 1613 929 l 1613 947 l 1604 947 l s n 1124 689 m 1115 689 l 1115 707 l 1124 707 l s n 1133 707 m 1136 710 l 1148 710 l 1151 707 l 1151 704 l 1148 701 l 1139 701 l s n 1133 692 m 1136 689 l 1148 689 l 1151 692 l 1151 698 l 1148 701 l s n 1160 689 m 1169 689 l 1169 707 l 1160 707 l s n 1349 1439 m 1499 1439 l s n 854 1769 m 845 1769 l 845 1787 l 854 1787 l s n 863 1769 m 878 1769 l 881 1772 l 881 1787 l 878 1790 l 866 1790 l 863 1787 l 863 1781 l 866 1778 l 878 1778 l 881 1781 l s n 887 1769 m 902 1769 l 905 1772 l 905 1787 l 902 1790 l 890 1790 l 887 1787 l 887 1781 l 890 1778 l 902 1778 l 905 1781 l s n 914 1769 m 923 1769 l 923 1787 l 914 1787 l s n 1709 1259 m 1709 1289 l s n 689 1259 m 689 1289 l s n 944 569 m 935 569 l 935 587 l 944 587 l s n 971 590 m 956 590 l 953 587 l 953 572 l 956 569 l 968 569 l 971 572 l 971 578 l 968 581 l 956 581 l 953 578 l s n 983 587 m 986 590 l 986 569 l s n 980 569 m 992 569 l s n 1004 569 m 1013 569 l 1013 587 l 1004 587 l s n 1394 569 m 1385 569 l 1385 587 l 1394 587 l s n 1421 590 m 1406 590 l 1403 587 l 1403 572 l 1406 569 l 1418 569 l 1421 572 l 1421 578 l 1418 581 l 1406 581 l 1403 578 l s n 1445 569 m 1427 569 l 1427 572 l 1433 578 l 1442 578 l 1445 581 l 1445 587 l 1442 590 l 1430 590 l 1427 587 l s n 1454 569 m 1463 569 l 1463 587 l 1454 587 l s n 1499 419 m 1649 419 l s n 1499 899 m 1649 899 l s n 1679 914 m 1679 905 l 1685 899 l 1691 899 l 1697 905 l 1697 914 l 1691 920 l 1685 920 l 1679 914 l s n 1703 920 m 1703 902 l 1706 899 l 1718 899 l 1721 902 l 1721 920 l s n 1727 920 m 1745 920 l s n 1736 899 m 1736 920 l s n 1751 899 m 1751 920 l 1766 920 l 1769 917 l 1769 911 l 1766 908 l 1751 908 l s n 1775 920 m 1775 902 l 1778 899 l 1790 899 l 1793 902 l 1793 920 l s n 1799 920 m 1817 920 l s n 1808 899 m 1808 920 l s n 749 1289 29 0.000000 359.912109 a s n 1649 1289 29 0.000000 359.912109 a s n 1589 1289 m 1619 1289 l s n 1679 1289 m 1709 1289 l s n 809 1289 m 779 1289 l s n 719 1289 m 689 1289 l s n 659 1370 m 659 1358 l 668 1349 l 677 1358 l 677 1370 l s n 683 1349 m 683 1370 l 698 1370 l 701 1367 l 701 1361 l 698 1358 l 683 1358 l s n 707 1364 m 707 1355 l 713 1349 l 719 1349 l 725 1355 l 725 1364 l 719 1370 l 713 1370 l 707 1364 l s n 731 1352 m 734 1349 l 746 1349 l 749 1352 l 749 1358 l 746 1361 l 734 1361 l 731 1364 l 731 1367 l 734 1370 l 746 1370 l 749 1367 l s n 1649 1370 m 1649 1358 l 1658 1349 l 1667 1358 l 1667 1370 l s n 1673 1349 m 1673 1370 l 1691 1352 l s n 1691 1349 m 1691 1370 l s n 1715 1349 m 1697 1349 l 1697 1370 l 1715 1370 l s n 1697 1361 m 1706 1361 l s n 1733 1358 m 1739 1358 l 1739 1352 l 1736 1349 l 1727 1349 l 1721 1355 l 1721 1364 l 1727 1370 l 1736 1370 l 1739 1367 l s n 269 959 m 260 959 l 260 977 l 269 977 l s n 284 977 m 287 980 l 287 959 l s n 281 959 m 293 959 l s n 308 977 m 311 980 l 311 959 l s n 305 959 m 317 959 l s n 329 959 m 338 959 l 338 977 l 329 977 l s showpage grestore %%Trailer restore .